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SILnews 46: September 2005 1
www.limnology.org
Volume 46 - September 2005The International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology works worldwide, tounderstand lakes, rivers and wetlands and to use knowledge, gained from research, tomanage and protect these diverse, inland aquatic ecosystems.
In this Issue
Material for the January 2006 issueshould be sent to the Editor for:
October 1, 2005Richard D. Robarts, or
Clara A. Fabbro, Assistant EditorEnvironment Canada
National Water Research Institute11 Innovation Blvd., Saskatoon, SK
S7N 3H5 [email protected]: (306) 975-5143
Contributions on a PC formatted disk, in any standard word processor or DOS (ASCII) text, or as email attachments, will assist the Editor.
continued on next page
Cover story -Robert G. Wetzel 1936 - 2005 . . . . . 1-3Message from the President . . . . . . . 3The Robert G. Wetzel Memorial Fund. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Working Groups of SIL and their ContactPersons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Reports of Working Groups of SIL . . 5-6Announcements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
The Academy of Sciences for theDeveloping World . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7Ecoraft on Lake Kinneret . . . . . . 8-9
Letter to the Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Change of address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Book Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1020% discount offered for new book . . 11Calendar of Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11SIL Officers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
While care is taken to accuratelyreport information, SILnews is notresponsible for information and/or advertisements publishedherein and does not endorse,approve or recommend products,programs or opinions expressed.
Professor Robert G. WProfessor Robert G. WProfessor Robert G. WProfessor Robert G. WProfessor Robert G. Wetzeletzeletzeletzeletzelb y
Gene E. Likens
Robert G. Wetzel in Spain.The photo was taken by an unknown colleague.
When it was taken is also unknown.
2 SILnews 46: September 2005
From rather humble beginnings, ProfessorRobert G. Wetzel’s ever-increasing knowledge andexpertise touched countless colleagues, students and laypersons around the world. Bob was born on 16 August1936 in Ann Arbor, Michigan, to German immigrantparents. He received his Ph.D. from the University ofCalifornia, Davis with Professor Charles Goldman.Starting his professional career in 1965 as an AssistantProfessor of Botany at Michigan State University, heprogressed through the academic ranks to Professor in1971. He moved only a short distance and becameProfessor of Biology at the University of Michigan from1986 to 1990. In 1990 he moved to the University ofAlabama as the Bishop Professor of Biology, and in 2001became Professor and in 2003 the William R. Kenan,Jr. Professor in the Department of EnvironmentalSciences at the University of North Carolina, ChapelHill.
the Award of Distinction from the University of California,Davis (1988), the Burnum Distinguished Faculty Awardfrom the University of Alabama (1994), Aquatic Ecologistof Year 2002 Award from the Russian Academy ofSciences, and the Russian, Hutchinson Science LaureateAward (2005).
Wetzel was a preeminent freshwater ecologist. With apassion for wetlands, he increasingly was concerned andwrote about the need to protect freshwater ecosystemsbecause he understood their vital importance to all lifeon Earth. His studies on the nature and role of dissolvedorganic matter in aquatic ecosystems led to new conceptsand understandings of how lakes and wetlands function.His lifelong work uniquely delineated and clarified theimportant ecological role of macrophytes in aquaticecosystems. He was author or co-author of 23 booksand more than 420 articles in scientific journals andbooks. His classic and scholarly textbook, Limnology:Lake and River Ecosystems (this 3rd Edition had beencompletely revised and expanded with a new title),published in 2001, has been translated into four languagesbesides English, and has been instrumental in trainingstudents worldwide since 1975.
His talents for leadership were recognized by his electionas president of the American Society of Limnology andOceanography, as the first president of the InternationalAssociation of Aquatic Vascular Plant Biologists, and toHonorary Life Member of the Asociacion Argentina deLimnologia. His service to his professional interests wastotally unselfish and massive, serving on a prodigiousnumber of editorial boards, advisory committees, andexamining committees, and giving lectures throughout theworld. He also trained a large number of graduatestudents and postdoctoral associates, many of whomalso became leaders in the field of freshwater ecology.
His dedicated leadership was the guiding force for theInternational Association of Theoretical and AppliedLimnology (SIL) for several decades, serving as itselected General Secretary and Treasurer for some 37years. Colleagues around the world are deeply in hisdebt for his devotion to, and admiration for, SIL, theinternational professional society for the study of inlandwaters.
Bob was also known for his love of family (wife, Carolof 45 years, four children, and nine grandchildren),reading books, listening to classical music, and painting.His quick, but gentle, smile was a welcome greeting toall, or a friendly invitation to engage in conversation.Nevertheless, it was his passion for aquatic ecosystemsand scholarly work, his boundless energy, attention to
At the time of his death (18 April 2005), Professor Wetzelwas one of the foremost limnologists in the world. Hisacademic credentials were impeccable and hisscholarship impressive. He received many awards andaccolades, including an honorary Doctor of Philosophydegree from the University of Uppsala, Sweden (1984),election to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences,the International Water Academy, the Royal DanishAcademy of Sciences, the Hungarian Academy ofSciences, as Fellow of the American Association for theAdvancement of Science (AAAS), and was the first TageErlander National Professor of Sweden (1982-1983).He was awarded the G. Evelyn Hutchinson Medal fromthe American Society of Limnology and Oceanography(ASLO) (1992), the Baldi Memorial Award (1989) andthe Einar Naumann-August Thienemann Medal (1992)from the International Association of Theoretical andApplied Limnology (SIL), the Society of WetlandScientists (SWS) Lifetime Achievement Award (2000),
Robert G. Wetzel in the field. The location of the photograph,when it was taken and by whom are unknown.
SILnews 46: September 2005 3
detail, lack of sleep-time, and especially his kind,generous, and gentle spirit that defined his life. Hisstandards of scholarship were exceptionally lofty, settingthe bar high for all students and colleagues. He never “cutcorners” in his science.
His death is a momentous loss for family, friends,colleagues, many past students and postdoctoralassociates, and the entire aquatic and limnological researchcommunity. Robert Wetzel will be greatly missed, but hisdedication to scholarship and to limnology will continueto inspire well into the future. He was an outstandingcolleague and a dear friend.
Reference cited:Wetzel, R.G. 2001. Limnology – Lake and riverecosystems. Academic Press, San Diego.
Gene E. LikensPresident, [email protected] SIL announces formation of the Robert G. Wetzel Memorial
Fund of SIL and solicits your contribution to it. This fundhonors the memory of Bob Wetzel and his extraordinary effortson behalf of SIL.
The Wetzel Memorial Fund will be devoted to Bob’s dearestcause, which was support of young limnologists throughoutthe world who might otherwise be unable to participate in SILactivities. SIL already has a well-developed system fordistributing this type of support. It has had a great effect but itneeds to be expanded.
Our goal is to make the fund large enough to be self-sustaining,so that it will be a long-standing reminder of Bob’s contributionsto SIL and to limnology in general.
William M. Lewis, Jr.Acting General Secretary and [email protected]
The Robert G. Wetzel Memorial Fund
Please clip and mail to:Denise Johnson, SIL Administrative AssistantUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillDepartment of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringCB# 7431, 124 Rosenau HallChapel Hill, NC 27599-7431 USA
Amount of my contribution to the SIL Wetzel MemorialFund $ ____________.
_____ I enclose my check payable to SIL (US dollarsdrawn on US bank).
_____ Charge my: ____ VISA ____ Mastercard
Card No.: _____________________________________Expiration: ___________ Month/Year _______________Security Code___________________
Signature: _____________________________________
Robert G. Wetzel. The location of thephotograph, when it was taken and bywhom are unknown.
Message from the PresidentProf. Dr. Robert G. Wetzel, General Secretary andTreasurer of SIL, died of cancer on 18 April 2005.Dr. Wetzel carefully considered the welfare of SILsoon after the diagnosis of his illness. Together, heand I, and with the approval of the Executive Board,arranged for his SIL responsibilities to be transferredto Prof. William Lewis of the University of Coloradoon a temporary basis, and until SIL can have anelection for the General Secretary and Treasurerthrough its usual election procedures at the upcomingMontreal Congress.
During Prof. Wetzel’s illness, Prof. Lewis was doingpart of the work of General Secretary and Treasurer.Now that Prof. Wetzel is gone, Prof. Lewis willassume the full responsibilities of General Secretaryand Treasurer for SIL and his title will be “ActingGeneral Secretary and Treasurer”. He has receiveddetailed instructions from Prof. Wetzel and isprepared to carry through on Prof. Wetzel’s workuntil we elect a replacement.
I wanted to inform you of this arrangement as soonas possible to maintain an orderly transition for oursociety, and in accordance with the final wishes ofProf. Wetzel.
Gene E. LikensPresident, [email protected]
4 SILnews 46: September 2005
Ancient LakesDr. Oleg A. Timoshkin, ChairpersonLimnological InstituteSiberian BranchRussian Academy of SciencesUlan-Batorskaya, 3P.O. Box 4199664033 Irkutsk, RUSSIAPhone: 3952 42 82 18; Fax: 3952 46 54 [email protected]
Aquatic BirdsDr. Joseph J. Kerekes, ChairpersonEnvironment CanadaCanadian Wildlife Service45 Alderney DriveDartmouth, N.S. B2Y 2N6 CANADAPhone: 902 426-6356; Fax: 902 [email protected]
Aquatic Invasive SpeciesDr. Vadim Panov, ChairpersonZoological Institute of the Russian Academy of SciencesUniversitetskaya Nab. 1199034 St. Petersburg, RUSSIAPhone: 7 812 3233140; Fax: 7 812 [email protected]://www.zin.ru/rbic/projects/sil_wgais/
Aquatic Microbial Ecology(Formerly: Microbial Activities and the Carbon Cycle in Fresh Waters)Dr. Meinhard Simon, ChairpersonInst. of Chem. & Biol. of the Marine Env.University of OldenburgP.O. Box 2503D-26111 Oldenburg, GERMANYPhone: 49 441 970 6361; Fax: 49 441 798 [email protected]
Aquatic Primary Productivity (GAP)Dr. John Beardall, Co-chairpersonSchool of Biological SciencesPO Box 18, Monash UniversityWellington RoadClayton, VIC 3800, AUSTRALIAPhone: +61 3-99055611; Fax: +61 [email protected]
Dr. Vivian Montecino, Co-chairpersonUniversidad de ChileFaculltad de CienciasDept. de Ciencias EcologicasLas Palmeras # 3425Casilla 653, Santiago, CHILEPhone: +56 271-2049; Fax: +56 [email protected]
BiodiversityDr. Hiroya Kawanabe, ChairpersonLake Biwa Museum1091 Oroshimo, KusatsuShiga 525-0001, JAPANPhone: 81 775 68 4812; Fax: 81 775 68 [email protected]
Biological MonitoringChairperson to be determined.
Conservation and Management of Running WatersDr. Philip J. Boon, ChairpersonScottish Natural Heritage2/5 Anderson PlaceEdinburgh EH6 5NP, Scotland, UNITED KINGDOMPhone: 44 131 446 2412; Fax: 44 131 446 [email protected]
EcohydrologyProf. Maciej Zalewski, Co-ChairpersonInternational Centre for EcologyPolish Academy of Sciences90-364 Lodz Tylna St.3, POLANDPhone/Fax: (+ 48 42) 681 70 [email protected]
Dr. Richard D. Robarts, Co-ChairpersonNational Water Research Institute11 Innovation Blvd.Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5 CANADAPhone: 306 975-6047; Fax: 306 [email protected]
MacrophytesProf. Jacques Haury, ChairpersonAgrocampus RennesLab. Ecology and Crop Protection UnitUMR INRA-Agrocampus RennesBiology, Ecology & Quality of Inland Water Bodies65, rue de Saint-Brieuc, CS 84215F-35042 Rennes Cedex, FRANCEPhone: 02 23 48 55 39; Fax: 02 23 48 51 70From abroad: Phone: +33 2 23 48 55 39; Fax: +33 2 23 48 51 [email protected] [email protected]
Periphyton of Freshwater EcosystemsChairperson to be determined.
Physical LimnologyDr. Sally MacIntyre, ChairpersonUniversity of California-Santa BarbaraMarine Science InstituteSanta Barbara, CA 93106-6150 USAPhone: 805 893-3951; Fax: 805 [email protected]
Plankton Ecology (PEG)Dr. Miquel Lürling, ChairpersonAquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management GroupWageningen University, P.O. Box 80806700 DD Wageningen, THE NETHERLANDSPhone: +31-317-482689 or 483898; Fax: [email protected]
Saline Inland WatersDr. Brian V. Timms, ChairpersonSchool of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of NewcastleCallaghan, NSW 2308, AUSTRALIAPhone: 61 2 4921 7229; Fax: 61 2 4921 [email protected]
WetlandsDr. Brij Gopal, ChairpersonSchool of Environmental SciencesJawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Delhi 110067, INDIAPhone: 91 11 617 2438; Fax: 91 11 616 [email protected]
Working Groups of SIL and their Contact Persons as of July 2005
SILnews 46: September 2005 5
Working Groups
Report on the activities of theSIL Working Group on Saline Lakes
At the recent SIL meeting in Finland, 17 papers werepresented in two sessions, ‘Inland Saline Waters:Biodiversity, conservation and management’, chaired byRobert Jellison in my absence. Most of these papers havebeen submitted to the proceedings. The SIL group has noother activities apart from the triennial sessions associatedwith SIL meetings. However, most scientists interested inthe field are associated with the 277-strong InternationalSociety for Salt Lake Research (ISSLR) which holds itsown triennial symposia, the next to be this September inPerth, Australia. I also chair this group and Robert Jellisonis its secretary-treasurer, so that there is good liaisonbetween both entities and similar clientele. ISSLR maintainsa website (www.isslr.org) which has six megabyte trafficdaily. Besides current news items and a forum contributedby members, directory of members and salt lakes, it hasregular literature updates to its extensive bibliography thatis a very popular feature.
Our group realizes the danger of considering salt lakeresearch apart from the rest of limnology and a group at theFinland meeting discussed the need to integrate or at leastplace our research in the broader limnological context. Oneparticular aspect of concern is how plankton dynamics ofsaline lakes fit into the conceptual model fostered by thePlankton Ecology Group. The forum of SIL meetings inpromoting integration of our speciality is invaluable. Therecent launch of a new online journal ‘Saline Systems’(www.salinesystems.org) edited by Shiladitya DasSarma andwith an editorial board of many SIL members, bringstogether limnologists and bacteriologists interested in theextreme environments provided by saline waters.
We miss our founder, Bill Williams. To honour his life andwork a special volume of Hydrobiologia will soon bepublished, focussing on Australian salt lakes and includingmany papers by SIL members.
Brian V. TimmsChairperson, Saline LakesUniversity of Newcastle, [email protected]
Aquatic Invasive Species:history and present activities
The SIL Working Group on Aquatic Invasive Species (WGAIS) wasestablished in 1998 by the decision of the 27th SIL Congress. Initiallythe main goal of WGAIS was stated as “The working group could seekto develop an information system on invasive species on a worldwidebasis. In addition, the working group shall provide an expert forum fordevelopment of strategies to combat further introductions”. Detailedmaterials on the WGAIS activities are available at the working groupweb site (www.zin.ru/rbic/projects/sil_wgais/).
During 1999-2000, WGAIS under the chairpersonship of Dr. DavidReid, focused on preparation of the international workshop, “Invasionsof European and North American Ecosystems by Ponto-CaspianSpecies”, which was held in association with the ASLO2000 Conferencein Copenhagen, Denmark and was convened on June 2-3, 2000 at theH.C. Orsted Institute in Copenhagen. The purpose of this WGAISactivity was to bring together scientists from Europe and North Americato discuss the recent predominance of successful Ponto-Caspian aquaticspecies invasions in the Laurentian Great Lakes and Baltic Sea, and toexamine the potential for future scientific collaborations on researchstudies and information exchange (more information in the WGAIS2000 Report at www.zin.ru/rbic/projects/sil_wgais/SIL2000Report).
In 2001, after the WGAIS chairmanship changed to Dr. Vadim Panov,WGAIS activities focused primarily on development of internationalcooperation on aquatic invasive species issues in geographic Europebecause of limited available resources. During this period, the EuropeanResearch Network on Aquatic Invasive Species (ERNAIS) wasdeveloped as a WGAIS initiative (www.zin.ru/rbic/projects/ernais/).Because of increased international activities on invasive speciesworldwide, a new perspective and goal were discussed and agreedupon at the last WGAIS meeting at the SIL XXIX Congress in Lahti inAugust 2004. The goal is “to facilitate development of interlinkedsubregional and regional thematic networks and information hubs of aGlobal Invasive Species Informational Network” (specificallycontribute relevant information on freshwater and brackish waterinvasive species, including primary data for online GIS and speciesentries, publications, project descriptions, expert contacts, etc.).
Currently, WGAIS is developing a new concept for a regionalinformation system linked to an e-journal on aquatic invasive species,covering both inland and coastal waters, which can be effectively usedfor management purposes in different regions of the world over thelong-term (www.zin.ru/rbic/projects/aquainvader/). Timely informationincorporation into this system of geo-referenced data on invasivespecies records (for early warning functions), which usually are notpublished or published with significant delay, is considered by WGAISto be a critical issue for fast publication of primary field survey/monitoring data in an electronic journal. The e-journal may have strongadvantages in its ability to publish large technical reports, extensiveprimary datasets (usually not acceptable by international journals)and very short communications of records of species range extensions.The concept of an e-journal has been discussed already at severalinternational meetings (please see - www.zin.ru/rbic/projects/ernais/ernais_journal.asp). This new specialized e-journal (tentative title“Aquatic Invasions” - The International Journal of Aquatic InvasiveSpecies Research and Management) is planned as a formal SIL electronicpublication in association with the International Council for theExploration of the Sea (ICES) Working Group on Ballast Water andOther Ship Vectors (currently chaired by Dr. Stephan Gollasch, e-mail:[email protected]), with first online issue to be released by the endof 2005.
Vadim E. PanovChairperson, Aquatic Invasive SpeciesZoological Institute, [email protected]
Aquatic Primary Productivity (GAP)After a number of years as Chairperson, Aquatic PrimaryProductivity (GAP) Richard Robarts has retired. In hisplace John Beardall of Monash Universi ty(John.Beardall@sci .monash.edu.au ) and VivianMontecino of University of Chile ([email protected])have been elected as co-chairs.
In a following issue of SILnews John and/or Vivian willindicate the composition of the Organizing Committee,which will include new members, and the dates andlocation for the next GAP Workshop.
6 SILnews 46: September 2005
Working Groups of SIL continued
Aquatic BirdsDuring the SIL Congress in Munich, Germany in 1989,it became apparent to a small group of participants thatthe time was ripe for waterbirds to be treated in alimnological context. This led to an ad hoc Symposium,“Aquatic Birds in the Trophic Web of Lakes”, held inSackville, New Brunswick, Canada, in August 1991. Theproceedings of this symposium were published inHydrobiologia (1994) and Developments inHydrobiology (1994). The success of this symposiumled to the formation of the Working Group on AquaticBirds during the XXV SIL Congress in Barcelona, Spain,in 1992. The main objective of the Working Group is tointegrate waterbirds into hydrobiology and treatwaterbird studies in a limnological context. Theconferences of the Working Group facil i tatecommunications among limnologists interested in aquaticbirds and ornithologists interested in the aquatic habitat.
The first conference of the newly formed SIL WorkingGroup on Aquatic Birds was held in Sarród/Sopron,Hungary in November 1994. These proceedings werepublished by Wetlands International (1997, Special Pub-lication #43). The second conference was convened inMérida, Yucatan, Mexico in November 1997 (Proceed-ings by Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan. Mérida,Mexico). The third conference took place in Trébon,Czech Republic in May 2000 (Abstracts published inSylvia). These conferences are held at least once everythree years between SIL Congresses. The most recentconference, “Limnology and Water Birds 2003” was heldin Sackville New Brunswick, Canada, August 3-7,2003. Over 110 persons were in attendance, 69 paperswere presented. (Proceedings are in press:Hydrobiologia and Developments in Hydrobiology).
The Aquatic Birds WG also held workshops and papersessions during the SIL Congresses in São Paulo, Brazil(1995), Dublin, Ireland (1998), Melbourne, Australia(2001) and recently in Lahti, Finland (2004).
Joseph KerekesChairperson, Aquatic Birds Working GroupEnvironment [email protected]
Announcements
The Academy of Sciencesfor the Developing World
TWAS, the Academy of Sciences for the DevelopingWorld, (formerly the Third World Academy of Sciences)which operates under the auspices of the United NationsEducational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO), represents the best of science in thedeveloping world. Its principal aim is to promote scientificcapacity and excellence for sustainable development inthe Southern Hemisphere.
TWAS is an autonomous international organization,founded in Trieste, Italy (http://ale2ts.ts.infn.it:6163/TS/TS.html) in 1983 by a distinguished group ofscientists from the Southern Hemisphere under theleadership of the late Nobel Laureate Abdus Salam(http://www.ictp.trieste.it/ProfSalam/index.html) ofPakistan. Originally named “Third World Academy ofSciences”, it was officially launched by the then-SecretaryGeneral of the United Nations, Javier Perez de Cuellar,in 1985. Since its inception, TWAS’s operationalexpenses have largely been covered by generouscontributions by the Italian government.
The Academy’s more than 700 Fellows and AssociateFellows are elected from among the world’s mostdistinguished scientists. Fellows are citizens of theSouthern Hemisphere; Associate Fellows are citizens ofthe Northern Hemisphere who either were born in theSouthern Hemisphere or have made significantcontributions to the advancement of science in theSouthern Hemisphere. About 80 percent of TWAS’smembership are Fellows representing more than 70countries in the Southern Hemisphere. (See TWASMembership (http://www.ictp.trieste.it/~twas/mbrs/Members.html) page for more information).
A Council , (http:/ /www.ictp.trieste. i t /~twas/Council.html) elected by members every three years,is responsible for supervising all Academy affairs. A smallsecretariat headed by an Executive Director assists theCouncil in the administration and coordination of theprogrammes (contacts) (http://www.ictp.trieste.it/~twas/Contacts.html). The secretariat is located on thepremises of The Abdus Salam International Centre forTheoretical Physics (ICTP) (http://www.ictp.it/) inTrieste, Italy.
Since 1986 TWAS has supported scientific research in100 countries in the Southern Hemisphere through avariety of programmes (http://www.ictp.trieste.it/~twas/Activities.html). More than 2,000 eminent
SILnews 46: September 2005 7
scientists worldwide, including TWAS members, peerreview proposals free-of-charge for research grants,fellowships and awards that are submitted to theAcademy by scientists and institutions in developingcountries.
Partnerships:TWAS works in close collaboration with the UnitedNations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO), Abdus Salam International Centre forTheoretical Physics (ICTP), International Council forScience (ICSU), International Foundation for Science(IFS) and International Science Programme (ISP).
In 1988 TWAS facilitated the establishment of the ThirdWorld Network of Scientific Organizations (TWNSO)(http://www.twnso.org/), a non-governmental allianceof 149 scientific organizations in the SouthernHemisphere. TWNSO’s goal is to help build politicaland scientific leadership in the Southern Hemisphere forscience-based economic development and promotesustainable development through South-SouthHemisphere and South-North Hemisphere partnershipsin science and technology. TWAS provides thesecretariat for TWNSO and co-sponsors a number ofits activities.
TWAS also played a key role in the establishment of theThird World Organization for Women in Science(TWOWS). TWOWS, launched in 1993, now has morethan 2,500 members representing over 90 countries inthe Southern Hemisphere. Its main objectives are topromote women’s leadership in science and technologyin the Southern Hemisphere and to strengthen theirparticipation in science-based development and decision-making processes. The TWOWS secretariat is hostedand assisted by TWAS.
Since May 2000, TWAS has served as the secretariatfor the InterAcademy Panel on International Issues(IAP), a global network of 92 science academiesworldwide established in 1993. IAP’s primary goal is tohelp member academies work together to inform citizensand advise decision-makers on the scientific aspects ofcritical global issues.
Since November 2004, TWAS has served as thesecretariat for the InterAcademy Medical Panel (IAMP),a global network of academies of medicine and medicaldivisions within science academies. IAMP, whichcurrently has 52 members, is committed to improvinghealth worldwide; building scientific capacity for health;and, providing independent scientific advice on healthissues to decision makers.
TWAS and TWNSO together have played a major rolein the establishment of COMSATS, the Commission onScience and Technology for Sustainable Developmentin the Southern Hemisphere, whose membership consistsof heads of state or heads of government in the SouthernHemisphere and whose aims are to bring awareness todeveloping countries of the pivotal role science andtechnology have in the process of development, and tosupport major initiatives for promoting indigenouscapacity in science and technology for science-ledsustainable development.
Objectives:♦ To recognize, support and promote excellence inscientific research in the Southern Hemisphere;♦ To provide promising scientists in the SouthernHemisphere with research facilities necessary for theadvancement of their work;♦ To facilitate contacts between individual scientistsand institutions in the Southern Hemisphere;♦ To encourage South-North Hemispherecooperation between individuals and centres ofscholarship; and,♦ To encourage scientific research on major ThirdWorld problems.
Main Contributors to TWAS’s CurrentActivities:• The Direzione Generale per la Cooperazione alloSviluppo, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Italy;• The Department for Research Co-operation(SAREC) of the Swedish International DevelopmentCooperation Agency (Sida) (http://www.sida.se/Sida/jsp/polopoly.jsp?d=10&t=1);• The UN Educational, Scientific and CulturalOrganization (UNESCO) (http://portal.unesco.org);• The OPEC Fund for International Development(http://www.opecfund.org/);• The Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement ofSciences (KFAS); and,• The Governments of Brazil, China, Egypt, India,Nigeria, Pakistan and Syria.
Daniel SchafferPublic Information OfficerThe Academy of Sciences for the Developing World(TWAS)The Abdus Salam International Centre for TheoreticalPhysics (ICTP)[email protected]
8 SILnews 46: September 2005
Ecoraft on Lake Kinneret
The ecoraft (Fig. 1), an acronym for “ecologicalmonitoring raft”, was installed and equipped with theobjective of creating the capability to follow limnologicalprocesses and changes in water quality parameters asthey occur in real time.
The ecoraft is a 10 x 7 m 10-metric tonne catamaran-type steel raft, anchored at the center of Lake Kinneretsince February 2002. It provides a platform forcontinuous monitoring using automated instrumentation,telecommunication with our shore-based lab, and spacefor additional on-lake monitoring and research activities.Solar panels in the roof of the raft are attached to abattery supply which provide the energy required for theuninterrupted operation of the scientific instruments. Acabin provides shelter for sensitive equipment and abench for sample processing. A fence, providingprotection from vandalism, was also found essential.
The ecoraft is equipped with the following scientificfunctions:♦ A commercially made water column profiling unit(RUSS, [Remote Underwater Sampling Station] AppriseTechnologies) equipped with a set of YSI probes,capable of automatically in-situ monitoring of depth,temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, pH,chlorophyll fluorescence and turbidity. This RUSS isusually programmed to conduct four profiles daily at2 m depth intervals between 3 – 39 m, although other
Lake Kinneret is a major source of Israel’s drinkingwater. Thus, continuous monitoring of its water qualityis a national priority.
time-depth schedules are possible. Data collected by theRUSS profiling unit are sent by telemetry to a computerat the Kinneret Limnological Lab in near-real time.♦ An automatic water sampler, designed andmanufactured at the Kinneret Limnological Lab. Thissystem automatically collects water from different depthsat prescribed times into sample bottles that are storedrefrigerated on the raft, until a boat arrives to transportthem to the lab for further chemical or biological analyses.♦ A full meteorological station, installed andmaintained by the Israel Meteorological Services♦ Dust collectors for monitoring aeolian nutrientloading.♦ An Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (RDInstruments).♦ A thermistor chain with 40 thermistors spread overthe 42 m water column, recording water temperature at20 s.
Figure 2. Calibrated time-depth map of Chl (mg L -1),15-25 May 2002, showing daily vertical migration of thedominant organism, Peridinium gatunense . Peridiniumconcentrates in the uppermost 6 m during the day, thenmigrates to the thermocline (at 15 m) at night. Date tick-marks indicate 00:00 h.
Figure 1. The ecoraft at the center of Lake Kinneret, Israel,21 July 2002 (photo is courtesy of Udi Wagner).
With the ecoraft and the RUSS profiler installed on it,the Kinneret Limnological Laboratory is collecting anear-continuous record of water quality data spanningthe entire water column and the full diel cycle, sevendays a week including holidays. In particular, samplingis continued during wind- and rain-storms. Collectingsuch a record was never possible previously whensampling depended on sending out a boat and technicians.The ability to simultaneously follow and correlate thebehavior of different parameters, at a time resolution neveravailable to us in the past, is exciting. See for example
SILnews 46: September 2005 9
the diel pattern of vertical migration of chlorophyllobserved during the peak of a dinoflagellate bloom inMay 2002 (Fig. 2). Monthly raw data from the RUSS(2002 – recent) and also the most recent weekly datacan be viewed at http://kin-model.ocean.org.il /
In order to achieve a coherent continuous chlorophyllrecord, post-calibration is required. This is doneregularly by comparing the RUSS data with weeklychlorophylls determined on 10-12 discrete depth watersamples, covering the full water column, using acetoneextraction and fluorometer, as explained by Ousviatsovand Zohary (in press). After post-calibration, thecontinuous chlorophyll record documents the majorevents in phytoplankton abundance, seasonal succession,depth-distribution and vertical migration (Ousviatsov andZohary, in press).
The dust collectors enable us to quantify for the firsttime the potentially important aeolian inputs of particles,phosphorus and iron to the lake. As a result, we arenow learning to appreciate the major role of dust as a(previously unaddressed) external source of nutrients.
We invite and welcome scientists and students from allover the world to collaborate with us in making use ofthe data from the ecoraft, preferably with a contributiontowards the maintenance costs. Funding for theconstruction, installation and initial operation of theecoraft was by the Israel Water Commission, as part ofthe ‘Kinneret Modeling Project’.
Reference:Ousviatsov, S. and Zohary T. (in press). Lake Kinneretcontinuous time-depth chlorophyll record highlights majorphytoplankton events. Verh. int. Ver. Limnol. 29.
Udi WagnerKinneret Limnological LaboratoryIsrael Oceanographic & Limnological [email protected]
Ami NishriKinneret Limnological LaboratoryIsrael Oceanographic & Limnological [email protected]
Assaf SukenikKinneret Limnological LaboratoryIsrael Oceanographic & Limnological [email protected] l
Tamar ZoharyKinneret Limnological LaboratoryIsrael Oceanographic & Limnological [email protected]
Letter to the Editor
I refer to the article “The Systematics and Biogeographyof Ciliated protozoa” written by Prof. Nanney, publishedin SILnews Vol. 44/2005. I will present my view pointsto assist solving these scientific problems.
Indubitably, Protozoa represent a very importantcategory of aquatic organisms, from both systematicaland ecological considerations. At the same time, theyare of interest for genetic studies, an individualrepresenting concomitantly a cell and an organism.
From my experience as a limnological researcher invaried aquatic ecosystems, I can affirm that investigationsof protozoan species are very difficult because theidentifications must be accomplished in a short time (i.e.,within 24 hours as the initial number of individual changesand other species can appear).
Perfection of new specialists in this domain needs manyyears, which is not possible in every country. Currentexperts cannot remotely help younger colleagues asprotozoans can change their morphology. As a newmethod I propose the use of photography and video film.The latter since the type of movement is an importantcriteria for systematics. In this way, the scientific datacan be transmitted worldwide, even to biosystematicalcollection banks.
I agree with the idea that it is now time to establishbiogeographical systematics for the whole globe,considering the rapid extinction of many of the actualspecies.
Simona ApostolRomania
Are you moving?Please send your
change of address to:William M. Lewis, Jr.
c/o Ms. Denise JohnsonThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
School of Public HealthDepartment of Environmental Sciences & Engineering
CB# 7431, 124 Rosenau HallChapel Hill, NC 27599-7431 USA
[email protected]: 919 843-4580; Fax: 919 843-4072
10 SILnews 46: September 2005
Book ReviewsAquatic Ecology of Rice Fields
Edited by C. H. Fernando, F. Göltenboth and J. Margraf472 pp., 2005A Third Milennium Book, printed by Volumes Publishing,Kitchener, Ontario, CanadaISBN 0-9737503-0-8, US $60.00 (incl. postage) for developedcountries / US $30.00 for other countries (incl. postage),(Obtainable from: www.volpub.com. - Visa and MasterCardaccepted)
The title reveals fascinating facets and the complexity oflimnology. This volume enhances and adds new aspects to theecology of rice fields. It is based on work by 19 specialists withwide expertise, from many geographical regions, except Africa.The contents of the book are well integrated with a summary,introduction and 15 chapters that cover a large range of topics.One of its great merits is that it brings together a large amountof scattered information from various journals, many of theminaccessible to the international scientific community. For thefirst time Soviet research and practices on rice field ecologyassociated with fish culture are fully discussed.
I was impressed by the theoretical and practical aspects relatedto rice field aquatic ecology presented. The holistic presentationis a good example to follow. The rice field is not just amonoculture, or a marsh in which a simple assemblage of speciesis encountered. It is a part of a larger integrated system includingirrigation canals, adjacent reservoirs, refuge ponds, the adjacentterrestrial habitats, and even other distant ecosystems. Thetemporary nature of such a system with regular changes fromwet to dry conditions, influence many structural and functionalaspects: such as, nutrient cycling, demineralization processes,the flow of organic matter, life cycles of species, bacterialactivities, prey-predator relations, etc., resulting in their havingdifferent characteristics from lakes and ponds. Those interestedin economic aspects related to increased food supply will benefitfrom the data and the debates on sustainability – conservation,as well as on the practice of rice-fish culture discussed in manychapters. The impact of fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides oncommunities as well as integrated pest management arediscussed in several chapters.
I am also convinced that many facts discussed in this book willenhance traditional ecology and limnology texts with newexamples of functioning mechanisms in nature, with new insightson such concepts: for example, ecotone, integrated systems,community succession and ecological equivalents.
Despite some inconsistencies in the editorial standard of thevolume, this is the first comprehensive book on rice field ecologyand it is a necessary reference volume for those practising ricefield fish culture, for limnologists and ecologists as well as forrice cultivation management agencies. The book will also be aneducational tool for those ecologically minded who studytheoretical and applied ecology in a “natural laboratory” suchas a rice field.
Claudiu TudoranceaAquatic [email protected]
Cladocera - The Genus Daphniaincluding Daphniopsis
(Anomopoda:Daphniidae)(Zooplankton Guides. No. 21)
by John A.H. Benzie376 pp., 2005, paper boundBackhuys Publishers, Leiden, Netherlands and KenobiProductions, Ghent, BelgiumISBN 90-5782-15-6Euro 90.00
Crustaceans of the genus Daphnia are found on all continents,often in abundance and are among the most familiar of allfreshwater animals. This does not mean that they are alwayseasily identified, or properly understood. Indeed the oppositeis the case. Identification is sometimes complicated by local,seasonal, or other ecologically determined variability, or byhybridization and their functional morphology and lifestylesare often scarcely understood. All are often deemed to beconstituents of the plankton - possibly the most mis-used termin limnology - which many are emphatically not. Habits andhabitats range from truly planktonic to largely bottomfrequenting and from large lakes to small puddles; their functionalmorphology is exceedingly complex and involves amazingmechanical and neural co-ordination, while their reproductivehabits which seemed to have been elucidated after more than200 years of investigation (and persistent bewilderment) haveproduced further surprises in recent years.
John Benzie’s excellent volume is much more than a guide toidentification. It deals with structure, life histories, ecology,geographical distribution and phylogenetic relationships withinthe genus, as well as with things that make identificationdifficult. In the taxonomic section, about 80% of the whole, herecognizes the three well established sub-genera Daphnia ,Hyalodaphnia and Ctenodaphnia and incorporates Daphniopsiswithin Ctenodaphnia. Molecular methods are now applied toDaphnia taxonomy. This is a welcome development but hasalso led to confusion. New species have been named withoutadequate morphological descriptions - or even without anydescription - and others ‘described’ on compact discs. Whenpossible, as by use of photographs on CDs, Benzie hasdescribed the latter as well as can be done from such sources:others defy definition. There is a key to the 74 recognizedspecies. A description of D. gelida that formerly masqueradedunder Simocephalus, was added in proof but not to the key.Each is described and there is a copious bibliography. Morethan 1,400 taxonomic illustrations, clearly drawn in a uniformstyle, should prove extremely useful. Nowhere else has such acomprehensive taxonomic survey been undertaken.
A few small errors were noted. For example, Schaeffer did notdescribe D. magna as D. pulex - the genus was not then defined,nor was binomial nomenclature yet used in zoology. Othersconcern morphology and function, are minor blemishes and inno way detract from the value of the major achievement of thevolume, which is to provide a means of identifying these animalsfrom all parts of the world. This well produced work shouldprove extremely useful to students of these important andbeautiful animals and deserves a warm welcome.
Geoffrey FryerUnited Kingdom
SILnews 46: September 2005 11
SIL2007 in Montréal.Preparat ions for the next SIL Congress inMontreal are continuing. The local organizingcommittee is working towards an exci t ingscientific program with several special sessionsas well as a series of excursions. Please visit thecongress’ website for more complete informationand updates at http:/ /www.uqam.ca/SIL2007
2007
Speciation in Ancient Lakes - 4 (SIAL - 4) .4 - 8 September 2006Berlin, GermanyContact: Chairman and organizer -Prof. Dr. Frank [email protected]: +49-30-838-70-283
The Tenth International Symposium on AquaticOligochaeta.16 - 26 October 2006The Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan, ChinaContact:Dr. Hongzhu Wang, D.Sc.Associate ProfessorInstitute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesHubei, Wuhan 430072People’s Republic of [email protected]: +86 27 87647719Fax: +86 27 87647664Inquir ies request ing addi t ional symposiuminformation should be sent to both of thefollowing email addresses: [email protected] [email protected] symposium website:h t t p : / / w w w. i h b . a c . c n / i s a o 2 0 0 6 / i n d e x . h t mSymposium information is also presented here:h t t p : / / w w w. i n h s . u i u c . e d u : 8 0 / ~ m j w e t z e l /ISAOBdir.html
Fourth Conference International Water HistoryAssociation (IWHA) - Water and Civilization.1 - 4 December 2005Paris, FranceContact:[email protected]://www.iwha.net
2005 International Symposium of the NorthAmerican Lake Management Society - LakeEffects: People/Water Exploring the Relationship.9 - 11 November 2005Madison, Wisconsin USAContact: Dr. Jeffrey A. Thornton, ChairHost Committee in Waukesha, [email protected] or [email protected]: +1 262 547-6721 x 237Fax: +1 262 547-1103www.nalms.org
5th International Rhine Symposium - Up- andDownstream Fish Migration.2 - 4 November 2005Bonn, GermanyContact: Postfach 20025356002 Koblenz, [email protected]: +49 (0) 261-94252-0Fax: +49 (0) 261-94252-52http://www.iksr.org
North American Diatom Symposium 2005(NADS).31 October - 4 November 2005Mobile, Alabama USAContact: Charles A. Stapleton, IIIDepartment of Marine SciencesLSCB 25Univ. of South AlabamaMobile, Alabama 36688 [email protected]@jaguar1.usouthal.eduCell: 251 402-8018Phone: 251 460-7317 - paleoecology labFax: 251 460-7357www.nads2005.org
2006Calendar of Events
20% discount offeredby Taylor and Francis Books, USA
Taylor and Francis Books, USA is offering the SIL membership a 20% discount on their new book, Restorationand Management of Lakes and Reservoirs, Third Edition by G. Dennis Cooke, Eugene W. Welch, Spencer Petersonand Stanley A. Nichols. 2005.
The book can be found at:http://www.crcpress.com/shopping_cart/products/product_detail.asp?sku=L1625&parent_id=&pc=
For more information, please contact:George B. KenneyAccount Manager, Special SalesTaylor and Francis Books, USACRC Press6000 Broken Sound Parkway, N.W.Boca Raton, FL 33487 [email protected]: 561 998-2544; Fax: 561 361-6049
54th Annual Meeting of the North AmericanBenthological Society.4 - 9 June 2006Anchorage, Alaska, USAAdditional information is posted on Societywebsite: www.benthos.org
8th CILEF (Internat ional Conference ofFrench-Speaking Limnologists).17 - 21 March 2006Hammamet, TunisiaContact : Habib AYADI, Sfax (Tunisia)[email protected] site: http://www.ait.org.tn/cilefRegistration at first price until 30 November2005.
The 5th Conference of the Aquat ic BirdsWorking Group of the International Associationof Limnology “Limnology and Waterbirds2006”.26 - 30 August 2006Eger, HungaryConf. information: ht tp:/ /aquabird.ekt f .hu/Contact:Sándor AndrikovicsDepartment of ZoologyEszterházy College of EducationH-3300 Eger Leányka utca 6., [email protected]: 36 36 520-462Fax: 36 36 520-462
or
Joseph KerekesEnvironment CanadaDartmouth, Nova Scotia B3M [email protected]: 1 902 426-6356Fax: 1 902 426-4457
12 SILnews 46: September 2005
Attention:Manufacturers of Limnological
Equipment and PublishersSILnews accepts advertisements for equipment andpublications that wil l be of interest to SIL members.
SILnews is distributed three times a year to more than 3,000members and libraries world-wide. If your company isinterested in acquiring advertising space in SILnews, pleasecontact the Editorial office for rates at [email protected] use the mailing address indicated on the front page.
A complimentary copy of SILnews, in which youradvertisement appears, will be sent to you once it has beenpublished. SILnews is posted on the SIL web site atwww.limnology.org after it has been published and youradvertisement will appear there.
Limnology Joband
Studentship Notices
Notices on the availability of limnologically-oriented jobsand graduate student opportunities are now accepted forpublication in SILnews and displayed on the SIL web siteat www.limnology.org. There is no charge for the serviceat this time, which is available to SIL members and non-members.
Persons submitting notices should note the four month lead-time for the print edition of SILnews; those advertisementswith short deadlines should be directed to the web siteonly.
Submissions should include:• a short title describing the position (job or studentship);• location and duration of the position;• closing date for applications;• a short paragraph describing the position, including any
citizenship, educational or employment prerequisites;and,
• information on where potential applicants may obtainfurther information, including names of contact persons,telephone numbers, fax numbers, e-mail addresses, andweb site addresses, where appropriate.
Submissions may be edited for length and clarity. Thosedeemed inappropriate to the SIL mandate will be rejected atthe discretion of the SILnews Editor or the Webmaster.Submissions for the print edition of SILnews should besent to the editor at the address on the cover of this issue.
Submissions for the SIL web site should be sent by e-mailto [email protected] or by fax to the attention ofGordon Goldsborough at: +1 (204) 474-7618.
For Your InformationSILnews is now on the SIL web sitein PDF format. The newsletter iscreated in Adobe Acrobat, Version 5.To open, use Adobe Acrobat Reader.
SIL Officers
PresidentGene Likens
Institute of Ecosystem StudiesBox AB
Millbrook, New York 12545USA
Executive Vice-PresidentsWinfried Lampert
Max-Planck-Institut für LimnologiePostfach 165D-24302 Plön
Brian MossSchool of Biological Sciences
Derby BuildingThe University of Liverpool
P.O. Box 147Liverpool L69 3BX
Great [email protected]
Chris GordonDepartment of Zoology
University of GhanaLegon, Accra
Acting General Secretary and TreasurerWilliam M. Lewis, Jr.
Professor and DirectorCenter for Limnology
216 UCB, CIRESBoulder, CO 80309-0216
Editor-in-ChiefJohn R. Jones
Fisheries and Wildlife SciencesSchool of Natural Resources
302 Natural Resources BuildingUniversity of Missouri
Columbia, Missouri 65211-7240USA
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