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GOVERNING Super-Aging Society in Japan
Prof. Dr. Toshio OBI
Waseda University
Rapid aging in the world Japan as No.1
G7(%)
0
10
20
30
40
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
Source : Prepared by MIC based on data culled from “World Population Prospects: The 2012 Revision” by the United Nations. Note that data for Japan up to 2012 is based on the “2010 National Census” by MIC.
(%) Asia and BRICs
0
10
20
30
40
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
Case of Japan from 1960-2030
The Current Situation on “Super Aging Society” in Japan
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Population Census, Statistics and Information Department, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Life Table, National Institute of Population and Social Security Research, Population Statistics of Japan 2012
Interesting Facts about the Japanese seniors
• About 30 % of Japanese population are elderly or handicapped people
• Aging people (65 and beyond) spend a half of national healthcare cost.
• 25% of aging people lives along and their percentage is expected to increase
• 70 % of persons injured during big disasters such as earthquakes and typhoons and 50% of traffic accident victims are the elderly
• 80% of aging people would like to die at home, not at hospital, at Home
• Aging people keep a half of personal financial assets
• 80% of retired people look for jobs and 20 % can get jobs
• Ratio of Digital Divide among the senior people was expected to reduce from 60% to 33 % in 2012
• Average annual income of 30 % of the elderly is around 2 million yen or below ( about $20000)
• Average of Daily Walking coverage of the seniors is limited to 500 meters around the house
OECD-APEC-Waseda Conference onSilver ICT in Tokyo ,Sept. 2012
5
400 experts attended in 3 days conference
OECD-APEC-WasedaConference
Visit Waseda RobotResearch Center
Senior Women singing
Group with Major of Shinjuku, Tokyo
6
Remarks by OECD-Waseda Conferenceon Silver Economy initiative
For developing Smarter age-friendly community, the experts recognize :
• Lack of both Standards and Open Platforms ,and need of Interoperability
• Critical re-evaluation of traditional conceptions of healthcare services
• Need of smart connectivity and excellent security System
• Collaboration among Government,Business and Academia
• Next Steps-
• OECD Global Forum –ICT for Aging session ,Tokyo October 3,2014
• OECD Ministerial Conference ,Mexico 2016
The 1st Japan-EU Policy Forum on Silver ICTat EC, Brussels in Dec. 3, 2013
(2nd Forum in Tokyo Autumn 2014 ?)
ParticipantsJapan: 20 experts• Ministry of MIC,METI• Waseda University,
Tokyo University,• Toyota, NEC, KDDI,
Senior NPOEU: 25 experts• European Commission
Bureau for Information Society ,ECH Alliance, ALL Project, Robot ERA and universities
Topics: EU Horizon 2020 and collaboration between Japan EU on Silver ICT
On-going APEC project on 「ICT applications for Aging」
by Waseda and Singapore Government
• Successful APEC workshops –Da Nang (Vietnam 2012),Tokyo (2012), Hawaii (2013) and Singapore (2014)
• ICT Accessibility + Availability(increasing Digital Inclusion) + Affordability (reducing price) + Usability (applications by innovation)
• Digital Divide ⇒ Digital Opportunity ⇒Digital Inclusion• Local – national – Global linkage • Government-led / initiatives ⇒ Citizen centric /ICT driven by
Social Media
• Government ⇒e-Government plus universal design
9
Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication (MIC)
Prof. Obi -Deputy Chair of Council on Silver ICTVISIONs and PROPOSALs of the Council
ーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーー
Vision I Live independently and Enjoy a long and healthy life
• Proposal(1) Establishment of ICT Health (Prevention) Model
• Proposal(2) Nationwide Expansion of Medical Information Collaborative Infrastructure
• Proposal(3) Creation of Life Support Businesses
Vision Ⅱ Work with motivation and Participation in society
• Proposal(4) Improvements in ICT Literacy
• Proposal(5) Achievement of New Work Styles -Telework
• Proposal(6) ICT-employed Robots for Practical Use
Vision Ⅲ Create new industries & Expand into global market
• Proposal (7)Creation of Silver ICT Industry
• Proposal(8) Global Expansion and International Cooperation
Proposal (1) Establishment of ICT Health (Disease Prevention) Model
Example (2) Health promotion of elderly people through farming work opportunities
A demonstration of promoting the establishment and spread of a health model that provides people with various local work opportunities to improvement their health, along with an increase in the economic efficiency of the local area, such as in elderly people’s engagement in farming.
Elderly people’s engagement in local produce business will bring meaning into their lives, thus achieving a reduction in their health care spending and improvements in their
health (a reduction of the number of bedridden elderly people).
◆ Elderly people’s annual health care pending per capita decreased to a little more than 600,000 yen (while it reaches almost one million yen in other municipalities).
◆ The population ratio of elderly people is as high as 52.4%, the number of bedridden elderly people is zero (as of April 2010)
Producer
Each producer harvests tsumamono (seasonal leaves and flowers that adorn traditional Japanese dishes mainly in restaurants) based on orders, and forecasted trends of the market.
Collecting and transporting the harvested tsumamono to the warehousing and shipping yard.
Warehousing and shipping yard
Understanding market conditions and providing information.
Collecting tsumamono in response to demand, and shipping it throughout Japan.
Tsumamono-dedicated PCSharing current ordering information and market conditions.
Sales increased by approximately 1.5 times after the implementation of the project.
Case example in Kamikatsucho, Tokushima Prefecture
■ Health promotion ■ Establishment of economic efficiency
■ Implementing a large-scale social demonstration led by local governments and enterprises for the establishment and spread of a health (disease prevention) model that utilizes an ICT system and medical examination data while studying the ideal state of incentive measures, and promoting the model based on the results of the study.
Visualization of health based on the
accumulation and analysis of data
Guidance provided by
local governments
and companies
Promoting a behavioral change to achieve the promotion and maintenance of good health
Measurement of health data
■Rejuvenation of physical fitness age ■ Reduction of health care spending
Cases in Mitsuke, Niigata Prefecture
* Conducting a large-scale society demonstration.
• Providing incentives
Example (1) Health promotion based on medical examination data and health insurance claims
Pedometer
Body composition meter
Health information database
Vital dataVital data
National Health Insurance information
National Health Insurance information
Social insurance information
Social insurance information
Analysis, utilization
The local government,
company (insurer)
Server
(Information
management,
information
storage)
Contents of specific measures
Registration
65.4
60.9
50
55
60
65
70
At the start After three months
4.5-year-old restoration of youth
(The number of the people 2,132 people)2,132(Age)
A age at the time of the start58.0 years
p<0.05
(10,000 yen)
■Contrast group 28.2 peopleAverage age 70.2 years
◆Health enforcement group 94 peopleAverage age 70.1 years
p<0.05
35.6
22.9
32.5
24.4
22.4
27.0
27.3
42.9
22.8
37.4
45Health enforcement group
Contrast group
Difference:104,234 Yen
40
35
30
25
20
(10,000 yen)
At the startOne year later
Two years laterThree years later
Four years later
Establishing and spreading a health model utilizing ICT.Promoting measures to encourage the entire nation’s awareness
and behavioral change regards to disease prevention.
Contents of specific measures
■ Promoting the development of medical information collaborative infrastructure that will serve as a basic infrastructure enabling patients and medical service workers, including health care professionals, to share and utilize data in the medical, nursing care, and health fields.
■ Expanding ICT systems nationwide based on the demonstration of the efficacy of ICT systems to support the cooperation of home care and long-term care teams, with consideration to the practicability of ICT systems.
Proposal(2) Nationwide Expansion of Medical Information Collaborative Infrastructure
Registering and viewing medical information on patients.
Developing a medical information collaboration platform that will serve as
basic infrastructure enabling patients and medical service workers including health
care professionals to share and utilize data in the medical, nursing care, and
health bold
Making the verification of technology required for a nationwide expansion of ICT systems and a demonstration of the establishment of operational rules
Verifying the ideal state of inexpensive ICT systems.
Viewing prescription information of hospitals and clinics.
Nationwide expansion of medical information collaboration platform
Specific information to be shared between medical and nursing care
Standardization of data and systems in the nursing field
11
Patients
The local government
Drugstore Clinic
Core medical institution
Nursing institute
Home of the
patient
Home care support medical office
Office of the care provider
Visit drugstore
Information registration in being at home
[Main effects expected]Provision of medical services through information sharing.Preventing serious diseases through disease management.Reducing work burdens with an increase in work efficiency with the avoidance of redundancies, such by test duplication.Promotion of the cooperation of home care and long-term care teams.Backup during disasters.
Each patient uses his/her PC or mobile telephone to browse his/her own medical information and pharmacy information.
Clarifying of the means of utilizing mobile terminals and sensors and other technologies at home.
Studying mechanisms to ensure the sustainable operation of ICT systems.
Contents of specific measures
Strengthening the cooperation of home care and long-term teams.
Confirmation of patient information
Home nursing station
Proposal (3) Creation of Life Support Businesses
■ Constructing sustainable models based on the requirements of users, such as elderly people, to provide circulation in local economies to help resolveproblems in each super-aged society. Such models will include a life support business, which will organically link the government, enterprises, localresidents, and other participants, to daily life services (e.g., shopping assistance, meal delivery, care watch, and on-demand transportation services) andcommunity-related businesses.
Life support businesses to provide support to elderly people’s daily lives
Includes a demonstration toward the construction of a model life support business that provides support seamlessly and efficiently to the independent lifestyle of elderly people under the cooperation of the private sector, and local governments, by providing various types of services using ICT.
Creating life support businesses to provide
support to elderly people’s daily lives
Economic effect on a scale of 13 trillion yen in 2020
Coordinating life support services under cross-industry cooperation to meet elderly people’s needs.
Shopping, meals
Bonds with grandchildrenWatching out forpeople worried about…
elderly person
elderly person needs
I’m worried about my health. Who should I contact? Daycare services, etc.
I'll leave it to you!
Hearing of an elderly person’s needs
Watching
Medical treatment, care
AdministrationVarious services, trips
Delivery to home, food service
Shop, department store
Coordinator
Efficiency of the service✓Price reduction✓Quality improvement
Sharing of vital health information
Sharing the needs of elderly
Sharing of know-how (accessibility and usability)
Seamless and efficient life support services
The life-support service that a new
business cooperated
Improvement of the QOL
Something to live for
Health maintenance and improvement
The life that became independent
Seamless life support to achieve a maintenance cycle of health and independent living.
Life-support
Contents of specific measures
Seamless and efficient life support services.
Proposal(4) Improvements in ICT LiteracyProposal(5) Achievement of New Work Styles
■ Providing support to the securing of local places, where people can learn together how to use ICT and exchange what they learn,allocation of supporters, and development of curricula in cooperation with local governments in order to construct a socialenvironment where elderly people can use ICT and participate in community activities.
■ Utilizing ICT applications, such as telework, and demonstrating a new employment model that will enable motivated elderlypeople to find work with ease, and spreading the model based on the results of the demonstration.
Re-learning and exchange Higher self-development
Participation in local action
Volunteer activity
Making friends
Interchange in SNS
Improvements in ICT literacy
Use of text Promoting telework, cloud sourcing, and other ICT applicationsI
Achieving the best mix model of elderly people and working generations by utilizing ICT.
・ With the use of ICT, motivated elderly people will start working.
・ Securing employment opportunities through telework for people who had to leave work to take care of elderly family members.
Achievement of new work styles
Contents of specific measures
Life study center collegeElementary school,Junior high schooland Senior high school
Place of learning
Senior volunteer
Supporter
Integrated promotion of measures for ICT literacy improvements leading to the activation of communication.・ Securing places (i.e., community centers, schools, vacant facilities) where people can exchange what they learn,
and constructing a mechanism to understand users’ needs.・ Allocating activity supporters in cooperation with senior volunteers・ Developing curricula and textbooks, and setting evaluation guidelines for the target attainment level of ICT learning
Contents of specific measures
Proposal (6) Development of ICT-employed Robots for Practical Use■ Demonstrating ICT system services, such as a communication robot that supplements the physical and cognitive functions of
elderly people, leveraging the experience and knowledge of elderly people, and solving labor shortages in the nursing care field.In addition, setting guidelines with regards to the ICT system services.
Linking devices, cloud technology, andnetworks together to complementthe cognitive and behavioral abilitiesof elderly people.
Providing support to the selection ofsafe walking routes, face and voicerecognition, and communication.
Example (1) Communication robot Example (2) Care watch service utilizing sensor technology
Example (4) Development and provision of ICT systems with consideration given to accessibility and other conditions
Includes technical verification of ICT systems to be put into practical use in society, and a demonstration project to solve institutional issues
Setting guidelines to develop and provide systems that elderly people will feel free to utilize.
Handwriting recognition Easy-to-use smartphones
Shopping assistance robot
A robot that expresses emotions in response to the behavior of humans.
Expressing emotions and behaving like a human according to the behavior of the person the sensor detects.
Utilized for interaction with elderly people with dementia.
The sensor understands the condition of elderlypeople and informs their families of theircondition or gives emergency reports.
Discouragement
pleasure
Example (3) Independence and life support system
Wearablecamera andmicrophone
Earphone
Contents of specific measures
Proposal (7) Creation of Silver ICT IndustryProposal(8) Global Expansion and International CooperationーEU
■ Internationally standardizing an ICT system for the construction of a model to be introduced worldwide from Japan as a countryadvanced in the solution of issues regarding a super-aged society, demonstrating the efficacy of the ICT system jointly with Asiancountries, and providing support to preliminary inspections in the destination countries of ICT services.
■Proactively cooperating with international organizations and other countries through the ITU and bilateral consultations.
Construction of a Japanese model to be introduced worldwide
Constructing a Japanese model. Surveying each country’s institutions and needs. Setting operational requirements for local sites. Making a demonstration jointly with Asian
countries.
Internationally standardizing the ICT system.
Cooperating with other countries and international organizations.
Cooperation with international organizations and other countries
International standardization in the medical ICT (e-health) field ismaking progress in the ITU-T (Telecommunication StandardizationSector).
Example: Efforts in ITU-T
A Japanese enterprise exhibited a mobile health system of an eventin Dubai last October. Other countries (especially developingcountries) have been counting on the system.
AsiaAfrica
Overseas development such as ICT systems
・Economic growth・Creation of employment
Creating the smart platinum industry to
provide support to the super-aged society.
SphygmomanometerBlood sugar meterBody composition meter
Pedometer
Tablet terminalSmartphone
Mobile kit, data registration
Pulse oximeter
Electrostethograph
PicturephoneData registrationGateway
Bluetooth,NFC, Zigbee, etc.
Medical cloudImage of e-health
Contents of specific measuresContents of specific measures
Robot asTop priority by PM Abe@Japan intends to make the necessary preparations to materialize what it calls a robotic revolution and calls robots a massive economic growth factor.@Prime Minister Abe said in June 2014, “We would like to set up a council on making a robotic revolution a reality in order to aid Japan’s growth.” @“We want to make robots a major pillar of our economic growth strategy,” he noted.@he voiced interest in the country’s hosting Robot Olympics in 2020. “In 2020 I would like to gather all of the world’s robots and aim to hold an Olympics where they compete in technical skills.”@Abe revealed plans for a taskforce to develop Japan’s robot industry and to triple the size of the market to USD 24 billion.
Successful offerings
i-pot boils water and records the times a user pushes a button and dispenses the water. A wireless communication device at the bottom of the i-pot sends a signal to a server. Members of the service can see recent records of i-pot usage on a Web site. In addition, twice a day the server e-mails the most recent three usage times to a designated recipient. (http://www.mimamori.net)
My Spoon is a meal assistance robot (http://www.secom.co.jp)
Home System Center Recipient
Silver ICT Community development Project by OTSUKI City(Mt Fuji CITY), NTT & Waseda financed
by MIC
GOAL
To promote Inclusive/empowered communities on silver aging society in local area by utilizing ICT applications on
E-Agriculture
1. the role of Sensor Network and New Technology
2. To expand the opportunity of work for aging People
3. Revitalization of the economy by increasing elderly
people's job opportunity
E-Health
1. To manage and support aging people
2. Health enhancement of the elderly people by working
E-Tourism
1. Convergence between young generation and aging generation
2. Multi-generational harmonization by e-participation
- CIO for Crisis, Disaster and Environment management
UNESCO –WASEDA PROJECT ON DISASTER MANAGEMENT -70% OF INJURED VICTIMS IS THE ELDERLYCRISIS MANAGEMENT AND DISASTER EDUCATION/TRAINING ARE ESSENTIAL
Criteria of SILVER ICT applications
Smart home(supportive housing)Sensors by bedoccupancy and nightlightHome safety alerts and GPSOASIS (open architecture for sensor)Remote for single living sensorsEnvironmental controlsCooker safetyHome treatment
Telehealth (e-health) Health information managementTelecare Just checkingRobot care (Robot) Service innovation in hospitalDreaming (nursing home)E-carteClient monitoring system
E-inclusion
Ambient assisted living
Online shopping
Net reservations with touch
panel
E-banking & e-payment
ICT ethics for ageing
TV-seniority and programs
for the elderly
Social alarms
Social communication
technologies
Senior net talking
Easy call, easy mobile and
easy PC
HOME ELECTRONICS HEALTHCARE LIFE INNOVATION