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Matakuliah: G0582/Bahasa Inggris 1 Tahun: 2007. Problems with Nouns Meeting 3. Contents. Singular and Plural Nouns (Irregular) Concept of Nouns in English Countable and Uncountable Nouns Distinguishing person from the thing Abstract, concrete and proper Nouns. Irregular nouns . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Problems with NounsMeeting 3
Matakuliah : G0582/Bahasa Inggris 1Tahun : 2007
Contents
• Singular and Plural Nouns (Irregular)• Concept of Nouns in English• Countable and Uncountable Nouns• Distinguishing person from the thing• Abstract, concrete and proper Nouns
Irregular nouns Although most nouns have plurals formed according to regular rules, some nouns have unusual, or irregular plurals.
Noun type
Forming the plural Examples
Ends with - fe
Change f to vthenAdd -s
knife - kniveslife - liveswife - wives
Ends with - f
Change f to vthenAdd -es
half - halveswolf - wolvesloaf - loaves
Noun type
Forming the plural
Examples
Ends with -o
Add -es potato - potatoestomato - tomatoesvolcano - volcanoes
ends with -us
Change -us to -i cactus - cactinucleus - nucleifocus - foci
Noun type
Forming the plural Examples
ends with -is
Change -is to -esanalysis - analyses
analysis - analysescrisis - crisesthesis - theses
ends with -on
Change -on to -a phenomenon - phenomenacriterion - criteria
Noun type
Forming the plural Examples
ALL KINDS Change the vowelor
Change the wordor
Add a different ending
man - menfoot - feetchild - childrenperson - peopletooth - teethmouse - mice
Unchanging Singular and pluralare the same
Sheepdeerfish (sometimes)
Count or Noncount?
• The main difference between count and noncount nouns is whether you can count the things they refer to or not.
• Count nouns refer to things that exist as separate and distinct individual units. They usually refer to what can be perceived by the senses.
Example sentences:• I stepped in a puddle. (How many puddles
did you step in? Just one.) • I drank a glass of milk. (Glasses of milk
can be counted) • I saw an apple tree. (Apple trees can be
counted)
Noncount nouns• Noncount nouns refer to things that
can't be counted because they are thought of as wholes that can't be cut into parts. They often refer to abstractions and occasionally have a collective meaning (for example, furniture).
Example• I dove into the water. (How many waters did you
dive into? The question doesn't make any sense; therefore water is noncountable.)
• I saw the milk spill. (How many milks? Milk cannot be counted.)
• I admired the foliage. (How many foliages? Foliage cannot be counted.)
Concrete vs. Abstract NounsA concrete noun names something you can
experience with one of your five senses; that is, a concrete noun names something you can see (like the moon), touch (like a blanket), smell (like a rose), hear (like laughter), or taste (like sugar).
An abstract noun names feelings (such as jealousy and attraction), ideas (such as peace and freedom), and qualities (such as generosity and determination). Abstract nouns do not exist as physical objects in the world; we cannot see, touch, smell, hear or taste our feelings, ideas, and qualities.