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PROBLEM SOLVINGGroup 4 - Team 3
Nothing in life is to be feared. It is only to be
understood.
Problems can be defined broadly as situations in which we
experience uncertainty or difficulty in achieving what we want to
achieve
Problems arise when an obstacle prevents us reaching an
objective objective + obstacle = PROBLEM
WHAT are problems?Problems can be divided broadly into two
groups:
Closed problem: Those where the current situation is not what
was expected Open-ended problem: Those where we want to change our
current situation in some way but there is an obstacle preventing
us doing so
TYPE OF problems?
problem solving processDefine the starting issue(s)Analyze the
SituationDefine the ProblemStage one:Understand the
IssuesObjectives:To analyze the factsTo define the problemWhat can
you see that causes you to think there's a problem?Where is it
happening?How is it happening?When is it happening?With whom is it
happening? (HINT: Don't jump to "Who is causing the problem?" When
we're stressed, blaming is often one of our first reactions. To be
an effective manager, you need to address issues more than
people.)Why is it happening?Write down a five-sentence description
of the problem in terms of "The following should be happening, but
isn't ..." or "The following is happening and should be: ..." As
much as possible, be specific in your description, including what
is happening, where, how, with whom and why. (It may be helpful at
this point to use a variety of research methods.
4
problem solving processGenerate IdeasEvaluate IdeasMake
DecisionsStage two Find SolutionsObjectives:To generate ideasTo
evaluate ideas To decide on the best possible solution5
problem solving processStage three Plan your ActionObjectives:To
determine the impact on people and systemsTo build on action planTo
decide on follow-throughAnalyze the ImpactPlan your ActionPlan the
Follow - Through6
problem solving methodRecognize and understand the problem
Understand the problem by defining the input/outputs Sketch the
problem. Gather Information: Collect the relevant data and remove
the unwanted data which leads confusions to the problem. State all
the assumptions and ensure during selection of the effective
solution the assumptions are addressed. Generate solution methods:
There are many approaches to solve the problem examples are mind
mapping, fishbone diagram, SWOT analysis and others Try to scale
down the problem and break into the parts. To be a good problem
solver you need to be able to switch from one group of skills to
the other and back again, although this is not always easy.
Traditional education gives far greater encouragement to the
development and use of left-brain thinking. This is reinforced in
the way we are required to work, where emphasis is placed on
rational, logical analysis of data in drawing conclusions7 Redefine
and ImplementEvaluate the selected solution method selected in the
above stepIdentify the best solution based on the situation and
environment and other factors.Verify and TestCompare the solution
with the problem statement Test the solution and dont stop until
you get the correct answer
problem solving methodTo be a good problem solver you need to be
able to switch from one group of skills to the other and back
again, although this is not always easy. Traditional education
gives far greater encouragement to the development and use of
left-brain thinking. This is reinforced in the way we are required
to work, where emphasis is placed on rational, logical analysis of
data in drawing conclusions8
the skills of problem solving
Problem solving requires two distinct types of mental skill:
Analytical: includes skills such as ordering, comparing,
contrasting, evaluating and selecting Creative: a divergent
process, using the imagination to create a large range of ideas for
solutions 9
effective problem solvingEffective problem solving requires a
controlled mixture of analytical and creative thinkingThe degree of
specialisation of each hemisphere varies from person to person, but
it has given rise to the terms right-brain thinking and left-brain
thinking Left-brain thinking is more logical and analytical, and is
predominantly verbal Right-brain thinking is more holistic and is
concerned with feelings and impressionisticTo be a good problem
solver you need to be able to switch from one group of skills to
the other and back again, although this is not always easy.
Traditional education gives far greater encouragement to the
development and use of left-brain thinking. This is reinforced in
the way we are required to work, where emphasis is placed on
rational, logical analysis of data in drawing conclusions10Problem
presentation is the important skill which is required other to get
convince to accept the projected solution
Prepare the presentation with below list of headings Problem
statement Diagram (Flow Charts) Assumptions Problem solving method
Solution steps Identify results and verify accuracyproblem
presentation
To be a good problem solver you need to be able to switch from
one group of skills to the other and back again, although this is
not always easy. Traditional education gives far greater
encouragement to the development and use of left-brain thinking.
This is reinforced in the way we are required to work, where
emphasis is placed on rational, logical analysis of data in drawing
conclusions11
THANK YOUThe measure of success is not whether you have a tough
problem to deal with but whether it is the same problem you had
last year
