Problem Based Medicine Education and Its Impact On

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PROBLEM BASED MEDICINE

EDUCATION AND ITS IMPACTON MEDICAL PRACTICE

By: Chandra W S(030.06.049)

MEDICAL FACULTY

TRISAKTI UNIVERSITY

JAKARTA

2010


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OVERVIEW

Problem-based learning (PBL) is a totalapproach to education began atMcMaster University Medical School over

25 years ago.

Dr. Howard Barrows and Ann Kelson of SouthernIllinois University School of Medicine have definedPBL as:


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What is problem-based learning?What is problem-based learning?

A learning method based on theA learning method based on the

principle of using problems as aprinciple of using problems as astarting point for the acquisitionstarting point for the acquisition

and integration of newand integration of new

knowledge.knowledge.

H.S. Barrows 1982H.S. Barrows 1982


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Curriculum change - Why?Curriculum change

- Why?

Too much information - too little timeToo much information - too little timeThe need to foster the skills for self-The need to foster the skills for self-

directed life-long learningdirected life-long learning


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Objectives of the PBL processObjectives of the PBL process

KnowledgeKnowledge- basic and clinical content in- basic and clinical content in

contextcontext

SkillsSkills- scientific reasoning, critical- scientific reasoning, critical

appraisal, information literacy, the skills ofappraisal, information literacy, the skills of

self-directed, life-long learningself-directed, life-long learning

AttitudesAttitudes- value of teamwork,- value of teamwork,

interpersonal skills, the importance ofinterpersonal skills, the importance of

To develop:To develop:


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Teacher-centeredStudent-centered

New-Innovative

Curricula

TraditionalMedical

Curricula

Information gatheringProblem-based

Discipline-basedIntegrated

Hospital basedCommunity-based

StandardElective

Apprenticeship-basedSystematic

ContinuumS

P

I

C

E

S

SPICES


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TraditionalTraditional

TutorialTutorial

Tutor Tutor

StudentsStudents


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PBLPBL

TutorialTutorial

Tutor Tutor

StudentsStudents


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PBL Classroom


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PBL Tutor Room


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PBL Skill Room


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The Advantages of PBL

Emphasis on meaning, not only facts Increased self direction

Higher comprehension and better skill

development Interpersonal skills and teamwork

Self-motivated attitude

Facilitator-student relationship Level of learning

Better knowledge retention and application.


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RESULT OF PBL ON CLINICAL

PRACTICE

Graduates are slightly better in term of:

Communication skills,

Teamwork,

Ethics,

Information,

Technology,

Audit,

Management

in their daily practice.

But, their knowledge of basic sciences are inferior to those

students taught on traditional courses.


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CONCLUSION

The PBL and traditional course hadapproximately equivalent learning outcomes.

The successfulness of PBL curriculum is backto the student themselves.

Combining both traditional and PBL is the bestway to boost graduates clinical performance

and keeping knowledge quality.


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REFERENCES Learning in practice, problem based learning in continuing medical education: a review of controlled

evaluation studies. Available at: http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/324/7330/. Accessed January 15,2010.

Problem-based medical education in general practice: experience from Linkping, Sweden. Available at:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1239023/. Accessed January 15, 2010.

Problem-based medical education in general practice and health care quality assurance. Available at:http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewContentItem.do;jsessionid=CC38712A6C36ADEC6819CDA2760A8F7D?contentType=Article&hdAction=lnkhtml&contentId=840922. Accessed January15, 2010.

Albanese MA, Mitchell S. Problem-based learning: a review of literature on its outcomes andimplementation of issues. Acad Med 2000;68:52-81.

Problem based learning improves undergraduate outcomes. Available at:http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/324/7330/0/f. BMJ 2002 324: 0. Accessed January 15, 2010.

Patient-based not problem-based learning: An Oslerian approach to clinical skills, looking back to move

forward. Available at: http://www.jpgmonline.com/article.asp?issn=0022-3859;year=2009;volume=55;issue=3;spage=198;epage=203;aulast=Franklyn-Miller#cited.Accessed January 15, 2010.

Problem-based learning in medical education: 22 years of outcome research. Available at:http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/01421590903200789. Accessed January 15, 2010.


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Problem Based Medicine Education and Its Impact On