American History Anchor Charts: Principles of Government

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anchor charts covering the

Principles of Government

•Print whole page for classroom displays •Embed into lectures or notes •Print 4 to a page for flashcards or for use in interactive notebooks •The possibilities for use in your classroom are endless!

Principles of Government Anchor Charts

• Principles of Government • Popular Sovereignty • Popular Sovereignty in History • Republicanism • Federalism • Federalism in the United States • Separation of Powers: Branches of Government • Checks and Balances • Limited Government • Individual Rights

Principles of Government Popular

Sovereignty

Republicanism Federalism Separation of Powers

Checks & Balances

Limited Government

Individual Rights

The people are in control. They share the power to govern themselves. This also applies to state and local government

The people of the United States vote to chose those leaders who will rule on our behalf

The power of the Federal government is shared between state and local governments

The power of the federal government is divided into three branches. This ensures no one branch becomes too powerful

There is a system in place where each branch can check the power of the other two. This prevents one branch becoming too powerful

The government is not all powerful. It is limited by the powers of the Constitution.

Citizens have rights. Individual Rights and Civil Liberties are protected by the Bill of Rights

U.S. Government

State

Local

Popular Sovereignty “Rule by the People”

A country or state receives its power through the consent of its citizens.

+ = The people

have the power in the

government

The people vote for

representation and leaders

This action passes their power to the government

Popular Sovereignty In History

The Declaration of Independence states that “It is the right of the people to alter or abolish” government that do not protect the natural rights of man.

During the Sectional Crisis, the term popular sovereignty was used to describe the right of incoming states to choose whether they would be a free or slave state

Philosophers such as Hobbes, Locke, & Rousseau referenced the idea of popular sovereignty as a social contract between people and their leaders.

Republicanism The United States is a republic. This means that instead of each person taking a role in the daily operations of the government and voting on each law or governmental action, they elect representative to govern on their behalf.

Article IV in the Constitution grantees a republican form of government in the United States

American Republicanism

Philosophy from the

Renaissance and

Enlightenment

British Ideals like

Parliament & The Magna

Carta

Greco-Roman government influences

Federalism The Principal that the U.S. Government shares its power with each of the fifty states and local governments

U.S. Government

State Government

Local Governments

Federal Powers given by the Constitution: print money, raise and army, declare war, approve treaties with other countries & establish a postal office

Shared powers: given by the constitution and shared with the federal government (both federal and state can do these things): tax, establish courts, pass laws, enforce laws.

Local governments such as parishes or cities share the same powers as the states, just at a smaller local level

Federalism in The United States The Concept of federalism is discussed in The Federalist Papers where both John Adams and Alexander Hamilton discuss the importance of shared powers and how the state and federal movement work together for the for of the people

The 10th Amendment to the Constitution reinforces the concept of federalism by clearly limiting the power of the federal government to those outlined in the Constitution

The Concept of Federalism is revisited in the Supreme Court case McCullough Vs. Maryland when the court implemented the “Necessary and Proper Clause” giving the federal government the implied power to do what is necessary and proper.

Separation of Powers: The Branches of Government

Legislative Executive Judicial

•Makes Laws •Approves presidential appointments •Two Senators from each state (serve for 6 years) •Representation for the House of Representatives is based on population (serve for 2 years)

•Signs laws •Vetoes Bills •Can issue pardons •Appoints federal judges, cabinet members, and diplomats •Elected every 4 years and can only serve 2 terms.

•Decides if laws are constitutional •Justices are appointed by the president and serve for life •There are 9 justices •Can overturn ruling by other judges

Checks and Balances The system of dividing the powers of government between the three

branches so no branch become more powerful than the other two.

Declare laws unconstitutional

Approve judicial appointments, Impeach, Establish federal courts

Limited Government The power of the federal government is limited by the United States Constitution

Bill Of Rights

•Outlines the rights of Citizens

•Gives citizens rights not outlines

•Gives powers not outline to the States

Checks and

Balances

•Each Branch of Government is given specific powers to balance the power of government

•Each Branch is given checks to ensure limitation of power

Federalism

•The Federal government has to share its powers with state and local governments.

Individual Rights Citizens of the United States are guaranteed individual, protected rights.

The Bill of Rights outlines the Basic Rights of all Citizens under the Constitution. These rights are Federally Protected

The Declaration of Independence outlines Natural rights that are considered Inalienable Rights (cannot be taken away) as Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness

The Fourteenth Amendment provides additional rights of Equal Protection and Due Process

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