Principal PartsTenses

Troublesome Verbs

1. Present - base form look

2. Present Participle (am/is/are) looking

3. Past looked

4. Past Participle (has/have/had) looked

• Add -ing to form the PRESENT PARTICIPLEraise + ing = raisingtalk + ing = talking

• Add –d or –ed to form PAST and PAST PARTICIPLEraise + d = raised; (has/have/had) raisedtalk + ed = talked; (has/have/had) raised

• jump Present• (am/is/are) jumping Present Participle• jumped Past• (has/have/had) jumped Past Participle

You do:talk enjoy stop wish travel receive argue remember

• Also add –ing to form PRESENT PARTICIPLEdrink + ing = drinking

• BUT … forms the PAST and PAST PARTICIPLE by changing the present/base form altogether

drank = PAST(has/have/had) drunk = PAST PARTICIPLE

• break Present• (am/is/are) breaking Present Participle• broke Past• (has/have/had) broken Past Participle

You do:choose eat freeze drivecatch bite know bring

1. The judges have (chose, chosen) the finalists.2. James (walk, walked) to the library today.3. My favorite jeans have (began, begun) to wear

out.4. Someone (broke, has broke) that valuable vase.5. Have you (began, begun) studying for the test?6. We have (ate, eaten) already.

7. The snow cone has (froze, frozen) my tongue.

8. Sue has (broked, broken) the record for the long jump event.

9. The team captains (chose, chosen) their players carefully.

10. Have you (chose, chosen) a topic yet?11.Have you (brung, brought) your application

to the office?12. He has (drank, drunk) only water at practice.

• The principal parts of a verb are:1.present/base2.present participle3.past 4.past participle

The principal parts of a verb help create thesix tenses.

• A regular verb forms its present participle by adding –ing and its past and past participle by adding –d or –ed to the present/base form.

• An irregular verb forms its present participle by also adding –ing but forms the past and past participle by changing the present/base form all together.

Sit or Set?

Rise or Raise?

Lie or Lay?

Sentence Practice

1. Today, I want to (lie, lay) in the sun.2. Yesterday, I (lie, lay) I the sun.3. The girl (lay, laid) her paper on the table.4. The teacher has (laid, lain) the pen on her desk.5. The student (raised, rose) at four o’clock.6. (Raise, Rise) the window shade.7. We always (set, sit) the boxes on the floor.8. The boy (set, sat) in his favorite chair.

9. The student (raised, rose) his hand.10. Mother (raised, rose) the shade in the kitchen.11. Our neighbor (sat, set) his garbage can outside.12. Sally has (lain, laid) under the tree all day.13. Julio had (sat, set) at the park until dark.14. The girl had (rose, risen) to the occasion.15. The coach (set, sat) the trophy on the shelf.16. Dad is (laying, lying) on the couch in the den.17. The dog likes to (lie, lay) on the rug.18. The class (raised, rose) the question again.