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THE PRESENT PERFECT

THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

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Page 1: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

THE

PRESENT

PERFECT

Page 2: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

The PRESENT PERFECTis formed by

HAVE / HAS

+

PAST PARTICIPLE

Examples

Page 3: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

e PRESENTE

Definizione generale del Present Perfect:

Il Present Perfect è un tempo verbale che mette in relazione

PASSATO

Ad esempio si usa per indicare un’azione APPENA successacon l’avverbio

JUST

Page 4: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

He HAS JUST BOUGHT a newspaper.

Page 5: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

She HAS JUST WOKEN up.

Page 6: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

He HAS JUST FALLEN.

Page 7: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

She HAS JUST STOLEN something.

Page 8: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

He HAS JUST MISSED the train.

Page 9: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

EXAMPLES

REGULAR VERBS IRREGULAR VERBS

I HAVE WORKED

I HAVE LIVED

I HAVE PLAYED

I HAVE CRIED

I HAVE STOPPED

= 3rd COLUMN

I HAVE BOUGHT

I HAVE EATEN

I HAVE DRUNK

I HAVE READ

I HAVE DRIVEN

Page 10: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

Altri casi in cui si usa il Present Perfect:

Il Present perfect si usa per dire che un’azione non è ANCORA avvenutacon l’avverbio

YET

Examples

Page 11: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

Non sono ancora arrivati.

They haven’t arrived yet.

Non ho ancora fatto i compiti.

Il treno non è ancora partito.

I haven’t done my homework yet.

The train hasn’t left yet.

N.B. Di solito YET si colloca in fondo alla frase.

ESEMPI (dire che un’azione non è ANCORA avvenuta)

Page 12: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

Altri casi in cui si usa il Present Perfect:

Il Present perfect si usa per chiedere se un’azione è GIÀ avvenutacon l’avverbio

YET

Examples

Page 13: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

Tom è già arrivato?

Has Tom arrived yet?

Hai già visto questo film?

Hai già comprato i regali di Natale?

Have you seen this film yet?

Have you bought Christmas presents yet?

N.B. Di solito YET si colloca in fondo alla frase.

ESEMPI (chiedere se un’azione è GIÀ avvenuta)

Page 14: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

Altri casi in cui si usa il Present Perfect:

Il Present perfect si usa per dire che un’azione è GIÀ avvenutacon l’avverbio

ALREADY

Examples

Page 15: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

Sara e Chris sono già arrivati.

Sara and Chris have already arrived.

Conosco Mary. Ci siamo già incontrati.

Ho già fatto colazione.

I know Mary. We have already met.

I have already had breakfast.

N.B. Di solito ALREADY si colloca prima del participio passato.

ESEMPI (dire che un’azione è GIÀ avvenuta)

Page 16: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

RIEPILOGO

YET

frasi negative = ANCORA

Non sono ancora arrivati.They haven’t arrived yet.

frasi interrogative = GIA’

Have you seen this film yet?Hai già visto questo film?

ALREADY frasi affermative = GIA’

I have already had breakfast.

Ho già fatto colazione.

Page 17: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

SIMPLE PAST

OR

PRESENT PERFECT?

Page 18: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

• Frank arrived in London a week ago.

• Yesterday Mary went to the cinema with Sue.

• Last month I flew to Dublin.

• When I was in England I ate a lot of fish and chips.

• I was in Nice last week.

• I lost 50€ on Monday.

• I worked in London from 1994 to 1996.

• She went to a club last night.

• The teacher left 10 minutes ago.

• I sent her an e-mail the day before yesterday.

• I didn’t go abroad last year.

Ora trova l’espressione di tempo in ogni frase

Le frasi precedenti sono tutte al …… SIMPLE PAST

Page 19: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

a week ago

last month

yesterday on Monday

10 minutes ago

last year

When I was in England

the day before yesterday last night

Che cos’hanno in comune queste espressioni di tempo?

Sono tutte espressioni di tempo… ... FINITO.

Page 20: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

• Have you ever been to New York?• We have already packed our suitcases! Let’s go.• They haven't left for Paris yet.• We have never eaten crocodile soup.• ‘Are you hungry?’ ‘No, I’ve just had dinner.’• Have you sent your postcards yet?

• I have seen Mary twice today.• She has spent 500€ this month!

Ora trova l’espressione di tempo in ogni frase

Le frasi precedenti sono tutte al … PRESENT PERFECT

Espressioni di tempo NON FINITO.

Espressioni di tempo NON BEN PRECISATO e LEGATO AL PRESENTE

Page 21: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

Quindi quando l’azione si è svolta in un periodo di tempo

che è

usiamo il SIMPLE PAST

Ieri ho mangiato il risotto.

Yesterday I ATE risotto.

Esempi:

Il treno è partito un’ora fa.

The train LEFT an hour ago.

Un errore tipico:

Yesterday I HAVE EATEN risotto.

The train HAS LEFT an hour ago.

FINITO

Page 22: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

Quindi quando l’azione si è svolta in un periodo di

tempo che

usiamo il PRESENT PERFECT

Oggi ho comprato una camicia.

Today I HAVE BOUGHT a shirt.

Esempi:

Ho speso troppo questa settimana.

I HAVE SPENT too much this week.

NON E’ FINITO

Page 23: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

E se nella frase non c’è l’espressione di tempo?

Allora bisogna riflettere e cercare di capire

qual è l’espressione di tempo

sottointesa.

Page 24: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

Esempi:

-Can I take this newspaper? Have you read it?

-‘Look at Linda! She has cut her hair!’

-Columbus discovered America.

-It’s Mary’s birthday tomorrow and I haven’t bought her a present.

-Sally has seen the film "Titanic" three times.

-Can I take this newspaper? Have you read it yet?

-Columbus discovered America in 1492.

-‘Look at Linda! She has just cut her hair!’

-It’s Mary’s birthday tomorrow and I haven’t bought her a present yet.

-Sally has seen the film "Titanic" three times in her life / so far.

Page 25: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

RIEPILOGO

SIMPLE PAST

azioni finite in un tempo FINITO

PRESENTPERFECT

azioni finite

Ho mangiato molta cioccolata ieri sera.

I ATE a lot of chocolate LAST NIGHT.

in un tempo NON BEN PRECISATO ovvero con...

Ho mangiato molta cioccolata questa settimana.

I HAVE EATEN a lot of chocolate THIS WEEK.

JUST YET ALREADY EVER NEVER

azioni finite in un tempo NON FINITO

Page 26: THE PRESENT PERFECT. The PRESENT PERFECT is formed by HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE Examples

RIEPILOGO FINALE DEL PRESENT PERFECT

PRESENTPERFECT

azioni finite in un tempo NON BEN PRECISATO ovvero con...

Ho mangiato molta cioccolata questa settimana.

I have eaten a lot of chocolate this week.

JUST YET ALREADY EVER NEVER

azioni finite in un tempo NON FINITO

azioni NON finite con…

HOW LONG ..?

Ho già fatto i compiti.

I have already done my homework.

FOR SINCE

Da quanto tempo vivi qui? How long have you lived here?

Vivo qui dal 1998.

Vivo qui da 10 anni.

I have lived here since 1998.

I have lived here for 10 years.