PRETES FEBRUARI dr. Syah Rini Wisdayani Sp.OG,M.Kes

Abdominal Layers

1.A 26-year-old female presents with right iliac fossa pain and is taken to theater for an

appendectomy. An incision is made through the skin and onto muscle with fibres

passing inferiorly in an oblique direction. Which muscle is cut in this scenario?

• A. Internal oblique

• B. External oblique

• C. Rectus abdominis

• D. Transversus abdominis

• E. Pyramidalis

2.Which of the following characteristics about rectus sheath is correct?

• A. Below the arcuate line, the posterior layer of the rectus sheath is formed by the

transversalis fascia.

• B. Each rectus abdominis muscle is attached by a single tendon to the pubic bone.

• C. Below the arcuate line, the posterior wall of the sheath is formed by internal

oblique.

• D. All the above

• E. None of the above

3.Which of the following vessel is not a branch of the internal iliac artery?

• A. Iliolumbar artery

• B. Lateral sacral artery

• C. Middle rectal artery

• D. Obturator artery

• E. Ovarian artery

4.Which of the following structures pass under the inguinal ligament?

• A. The long saphenous vein

• B. The superficial femoral artery

• C. The superficial epigastric vein

• D. The genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve

• E. The femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve

5.Which of the following is not true regarding the femoral canal?

• A. It contains a superficial inguinal lymph node.

• B. It contains the lymph node of Cloquet.

• C. Has the inguinal ligament as its anterior border.

• D. Has the lacunar ligament as its medial border.

• E. Has the pectineal ligament as its posterior border.

6.Please choose the most appropriate answer regarding the innervations of various

muscles from the given list.

• A. Triceps is supplied by radial nerve.

• B. Gastrocnemius is supplied by tibial nerve.

• C. Opponens pollicis is supplied by the median nerve.

• D. Deltoid muscle is supplied by axillary nerve.

• E. All are correct

7.From which of the following is the nerve supply to the vulva derived?

• A. Genitofemoral nerve

• B. Ilioinguinal nerve

• C. Pudendal nerve

• D. All the above

• E. None of the above

8.The lymphatic drainage of the cervix does not go to which of the following?

• A. Directly to the para-aortic nodes

• B. To the internal iliac nodes

• C. To the obturator node

• D. To the superficial inguinal nodes

• E. None of the above

9.Which of the following is true regarding the innervation of the uterus and birth canal?

• A. A paracervical nerve block may be used for a forceps delivery.

• B. The pudendal nerve block provides good pain relief for the second stage of labour.

• C. The parasympathetic nervous system causes contraction of the pregnant uterus.

• D. The uterus contains alpha and beta receptors.

• E. Pudendal nerve arises from S2 to S3 nerve roots.

10.Which of the following is not true concerning ovarian

function?

• A. Circulating inhibin concentrations are a marker of

granulosa cell function.

• B. Granulosa cells secrete oestradiol.

• C. Insulin-like growth factor (somatomedin C) is not

secreted by the ovary.

• D. Oestradiol is derived from androgen precursors.

• E. Progesterone is the major steroid of the developing

follicle.

11.Which of the following is not true regarding the ischio-rectal fossa?

• A. The two fossae communicate with each other.

• B. Contains the perineal nerve in its posterior part.

• C. Lies inferior to the levator ani.

• D. The anal canal and the sloping levator ani muscles form the medial wall of each

fossa.

• E. Contains the middle rectal artery.

12.Which of the following is not true regarding the uterine vessels?

• A. The uterine artery arises from the anterior division of internal iliac artery.

• B. The uterine artery crosses above the ureter and reaches the cervix at the level of

the internal os.

• C. The uterine artery, along with the vaginal and ovarian arteries, enlarges during

pregnancy.

• D. The uterine veins do not have surrounding supporting sheaths.

• E. The uterine vein drains into the internal iliac vein

13.Within lymph nodes, which of the following is not true?

• A. B lymphocytes predominate in the follicles of the cortex.

• B. Lymph flows from the hilum of the node outwards to the marginal sinus.

• C. T lymphocytes predominate in the paracortex.

• D. Primary follicles are aggregates of B cells.

• E. Secondary follicles develop following antigenic stimulation

14.Which of the following is not true concerning the ureters in the female?

• A. Both cross below the uterine arteries near the cervix.

• B. Both cross near the bifurcation of the common iliac artery.

• C. Both have three sites of anatomic constriction.

• D. Both pass anterior to the ovarian vessels.

• E. Both run on the anterior surface of the psoas major muscle.

15.In the human testis, which of the following is correct?

• A. Inhibin is synthesised by the Sertoli cell.

• B. Testosterone synthesis is stimulated by follicle stimulating hormone (FSH).

• C. The main site of testosterone synthesis is the Sertoli cell.

• D. The predominant androgen product is androstenedione.

• E. It also secretes prolactin.

16.Which of the following is not true regarding the diaphragm?

• A. Is partly derived from the pleuroperitoneal membranes

• B. Has an origin from the xiphoid

• C. The vagal trunks enter the diaphragm through the oesophageal opening

• D. Is supplied by the musculophrenic branch of the internal thoracic artery

• E. An opening in the central tendon transmits the left phrenic nerve

17.Which of the following concerning measurement of the pelvic size is not correct?

• A. An obstetric conjugate of less than 10 cm indicates contracted pelvis.

• B. The obstetric conjugate is usually shorter than the anatomical conjugate.

• C. The obstetric conjugate is the shortest anterior posterior distance at the inlet.

• D. The pelvis of a Chinese woman is usually smaller than that of a European.

• E. The transverse diameter is the largest distance between the lateral walls

18.Which of the following skull bones is not derived from intramembranous ossification?

• A. Occipital bone

• B. Parietal bone

• C. Temporal bone

• D. Sphenoid bone

• E. All the above

19.Which of the following is not true regarding neutrophil granulocytes?

• A. Are the most common leucocyte in normal blood

• B. Contain proteolytic enzymes

• C. Have a lifespan in the circulation of 3–4 weeks

• D. Contain actin and myosin microfilaments

• E. Are present in high concentration in pus

• 20. The conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

• A. Is affected by prothrombin

• B. Involves the disruption of certain peptide linkages by a proteolytic enzyme

• C. Is followed by reduced polymerisation of fibrin monomers

• D. Is not inhibited by heparin

• E. Is reversed by plasmin (fibrinolysin)

21.a10-year-old child with no known medical problems has been admitted to hospital

for persistent bleeding after tooth extraction. Haemostasis had been achieved initially

after the extraction but subsequently prolonged oozing from the tooth socket began.

What is the most likely abnormality to be revealed by the laboratory investigations in

this case?

• A. Deficiency of factor VIII

• B. Deficiency of vitamin K

• C. Increased fibrinogen level

• D. Disseminated intravascular coagulation

• E. Deficiency of prothrombin

22.Which of the following is not correct regarding the erythrocytes?

• A. Are responsible for the major part of blood viscosity

• B. Contain the enzyme carbonic anhydrase

• C. Metabolise glucose to produce CO2 and H2O

• D. Swell to bursting point when suspended in 0.9 percent (150 mmol/litre) saline

• E. The walls deform easily to squeeze through capillaries

23.Which of the following statement regarding platelets is not true?

• A. In a normal person, 20% of the platelets are found in the spleen

• B. Their life span in circulation is about 9–10 days

• C. They are formed in the bone marrow from megakaryocytes

• D. They contain adenosine diphosphate and serotonin

• E. They produce prostacyclin

24.Which of the following statement is true regarding the cell membranes in skeletal

muscle?

• A. Are impermeable to fat-soluble substances

• B. Are more permeable to sodium than to potassium ions

• C. Becomes less permeable to glucose in the presence of insulin

• D. Become less permeable to potassium in the presence of insulin

• E. Show invaginations which connect to a system of intracellular tubules involved in

excitation contraction coupling

25.Which of the following regarding the carotid bodies is not correct?

• A. Are stretch receptors in the walls of the internal carotid arteries

• B. Have the greatest flow rate/unit volume yet described in the body

• C. Are influenced more by blood PO2 than by its oxygen content

• D. Generate more afferent impulses when blood H+ ion concentration rises

• E. The aortic bodies are mainly responsible for the increased ventilation in hypoxia