Presenters: Rashid Attar, Jun Wang. 3GPP2 Technology Webinar m2m is at the cusp of a major growth spurt…like wireless data in 1997 and Smartphones in

Enhancing machine-to-machine communications using 3GPP2 technologies

Presenters: Rashid Attar, Jun Wang

3GPP2 Technology Webinar

m2m is at the cusp of a major growth spurt…like wireless data in 1997 and Smartphones in 2006

Slide 26/19/2013

Agenda

How is cdma2000 (1x, HRPD) being used for m2m today ?

m2m – what really matters ?

How do we enable explosive growth in m2m with 3GPP2 technology ?

Air-Interface Enhancements

Network Evolution 6/19/2013 3GPP2 Technology Webinar Slide 3

m2m applications using cdma2000

6/19/2013 3GPP2 Technology Webinar

HRPD/1x

Remote Patient Monitoring and Health Care

• The success of CardioNet’s solution has driven a host of other remote patient monitoring solution providers into the market

Consumer Telematics• DriveCam has helped save lives & reduce teen

driving collisions by 70%

Digital Payment Technologies•Many parking operators report a very short cycle for return on their investment – typically 12-15 months

Remotely Monitor Dispersed Assets • Re-moving the need to send personnel to “checkup” on

distant assets and infrastructure• Logging, Mining, Oil & Gas Reporting

Reduced Truck “Rolls” • On average, the SmartTrash system saves

customers between 25 to 70% on waste management costs

People and Asset Monitoring• 800k children go missing in the US each year, over 5M elderly

adults are suffering from Alzheimer’s/dementia • Track high-value mobile assets including bank bags, laptops,

vehicles & retail goods whether they are indoors, outdoors, traveling or at a fixed location.

E-Readers • Eliminate ~50% of publishers’

operational expenditures.

Smart Grid• Tata’s CDMA2000 solution downloads data

in 6-8 hours, previous solution took 4-5 days to make the same data available

Sea transport & shipping • Companies need costal coverage with an

increasing demand for high data speed• Fishing, Passenger, Leisure, Freight

Source: www.cdg.org

Slide 4

http://www.tata.com/default.aspx












http://digitalpaytech.com/

http://www.drivecam.com/

http://www.omnilink.com/index.html





























http://www.cardionet.com/index.htm



http://www.toshiba.com/tai/index.jsp












m2m – what really matters ? Lower power consumption + excellent coverage

Increases in total addressable market (TAM) Reduces cost for a target battery life

Higher connection capacity Enables operators to support more direct cellular m2m

nodes with a given amount of network resource

Solution cost Module cost is just a component; Network + Service + Maintenance cost are critical

6/19/2013 3GPP2 Technology Webinar Slide 5

How do we facilitate explosive growth of m2m with 3GPP2 technology ? Promote use of existing technologies

(and leverage coverage + network)

Enhance the air-interface to improve battery life and connection capacity

Evolve network architecture


Standards Focus (1/2)

Battery Life

Congestion and Overload Control

Efficient handling of infrequent data transfers

m2m server and network control of m2m client

Fast re-authentication


Standards Focus (2/2)

Communication w/ m2m devices without an IP address

An external m2m device identifier

Group addressing, communication, and billing

Efficient test and certification processes


9

Air Interface Enhancements(cdma2000 1x Rev F)



1x air-interface is optimized for low-rate (voice, data) communications and 1x deployments (at 800MHz or below) have excellent coverage

Most m2m apps are characterized by low-rate data and require good link budget

1x offers a cost-effective solution to meet the needs of a large portion of m2m applications

Slide 106/19/2013


Lower network cost + Higher network capacity + Improved module battery life enables 3GPP2 operators to aggressively promote use of m2m AND target new market segments

Operators can leverage existing networks and maximize ROI by using 1x for m2m

Slide 116/19/2013

Current Cellular Deployments

Ch

ara

cteri

stic

s • 450, 800-900MHz bands

• Licensed spectrum

• Widely deployed for voice communications

• Mature Networks

Benefits • Excellent

coverage• No

interference from unlicensed usage

Lim

itati

on

s • Not designed for m2m


Traffic Channel Example

Simple app: 1x, m2m module uploads report (200 bytes) daily


Device OFF

Power UP

Overhead Read

Call Setup PPP SetupData

TransferWait for Network Dormancy

Power Down

Registration

Power DOWN

Device OFF

1.28sec

1-1.5sec

2sec

0.2sec

10sec

0.5sec

Device OFF

Power UP

CallSetup

DataXfer

Power DOWN

Device OFF

0.8sec

0.06sec

0.5sec

Using Traffic Channel(1x Rev. F)

6 msgs15 msgs

900B200B

Data-driven dormancy

Using Traffic Channel (Baseline)

Figure not to scale

IdleState

2 msgs

Slide 13

Access Channel Example

Simple app: 1x, m2m module uploads report (200 bytes) daily


Device OFF

Power UP

Overhead Read

Call Setup PPP SetupData

TransferWait for Network Dormancy

Power Down

Registration

Power DOWN

Device OFF

1.28sec

1-1.5sec

2sec

0.2sec

10sec

0.5sec

Device OFF

Power UP

DataXfer

Power DOWN

Device OFF

0.06sec

Using Access Channel (1x Rev. F)

6 msgs15 msgs

900B200B

Using Traffic Channel (Baseline)

Figure not to scale

IdleState

Slide 14


The 1x air-interface is amenable to simple changes that enable an extremely efficient air-interface for m2m

Slide 156/19/2013

16

Features, Benefits, and Impacts


Parameter Optimization


# Enhancement Primary Benefit

1 Set Network Dormancy Timer for Data Service Options to a smaller value (e.g., 4 seconds)

i. Device Battery Lifeii. Network Capacity

2 Increase # of RACH channels (up to 6) i. Access Capacity

Slide 17

Device-only changes


# Enhancement Primary Benefit

1 Device-Driven Dormancy i. Battery Lifeii. Network

Capacity

2 Network-friendly application developmenti. Minimize data transferred (e.g., update

location for a tracking application only when the location changes)

ii. Avoid application layer ACKs (where possible)

i. Battery Lifeii. Network

Capacity

Slide 18

Network SW Upgrade(all features require new m2m modules)


# Enhancement Spec Primary Benefit

1 Increase PPP inactivity timer (for m2m devices) Ignore power down registration (from power-sensitive m2m devices)

N i. Device Battery Lifeii. Network Signaling

Load

2 Hierarchical Paging (1st page to last active set) + Direct Channel Assignment (over F-PCH)

Y i. Paging Capacity ii. Device Battery Life

3 Joint R-FCH and R-SCH request + assignment at connection setup

Y i. Device Battery Life ii. Network Signaling

Load

4 Smart Blanking for data service option Y i. Device Battery Lifeii. RL capacity

Slide 19


m2m solutions have a much longer life-span than the typical voice/data devices and the proposed solutions will open new market opportunities in the m2m space

Slide 206/19/2013

21

Example Performance Gains


Metering Application Module power consumption improvement

Device-

only

Implem

enta

tion-

Only

Implem

enta

tion

+ S

tds

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0dBm Tx 20dBm Tx

Batt

ery

Lif

e I

mp

rovem

en

t

Implementation only uses shorter preamble with R-ACH (reverse access channel)

Implementation + Stds Data over signaling w/

38.4k R-EACH (enhanced R-ACH) @ 0dBm

Connection w/ R-FCH (reverse fundamental channel) @ 20dBm


Metering Application Network Connection Capacity Increase

Device-

only

Compl

ete

Prop

osal

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Con

necti

on

Cap

acit

y

Incre

ase

Device-Driven Dormancy gains require application developers to use the available modem API


SmartGrid Connection Capacity (1x module as an aggregator for 40 nodes)

Basel

ine

+Dev

ice

only

+Pr

opos

ed0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

4800

16000

48000

# o

f n

od

es/s

ecto

r/1

.25

MH

z

RL Capacity defined at RoT(rise over thermal) > 10dB, 1% of the time Similar relative

gains are observed at RoT > 7dB, 1% of the time


25

Network Evolution


Network Architectures


3GPP2 Network

M2M Device

3GPP2 Operator Boundary

M2M Server

( A )( B ) ( C )

M2M Application

M2M Application

3GPP2 Network



M2M Device

M2M Device

Direct Communication Under 3GPP2 Operator Control

M2M Service Provider Controlled Communicaiton

3GPP2 Operator Controlled Communication

3GPP2 Network

M2M Server

Indirect Model Indirect ModelDirect Model

M2M Application

3GPP2 network architecture and m2m

Can support 1x-RevF air-interface without any network architecture changes

Required Configurations Disable PPP session timer Configure a long PPP session inactivity timer Maintain PPP session through power-down

registration▪ Device and RAN keep radio session▪ RAN keeps A10 so that PPP is maintained in the PDSN


m2m Architecture


M2M Server

API IP

1xCS SMS

M2Msp

RAN M2M

Application

Control plane User plane

Indirect Model

Direct Model

Hybrid Model

IP

UE

M2MUser

SMS

HA/LMA

M2M-IWF

MSC/MSCe

AAA

MC

HRPD or 1x

1

2

2

1

1 2+

M2MApplication

M2

A10/A11

HLR/AC

M1

2

USSD-GW

2

M3

PDSN

2

IP

IP

SMS

USSD

USSD

1xCS USSD

IPIP

Network Enhancements

M2M-IWF, the interface to the M2M operator’s system, hides 3GPP2 network topology and details Shares common interface between IWF and M2M/MTC server

Allow both CS and PS device trigger for handling infrequent Data Transmissions CS trigger via SMS, USSD, etc. PS trigger via IP interface AAA/HLR may store mapping between external ID and internal

ID

IETF ERP (EAP Extensions for EAP-Re-authentication Protocol) based Fast Re-authentication Speed up the data connection without requiring the PDSN to

keep MS’s state6/19/2013 3GPP2 Technology Webinar Slide 29


Thank You!For more information, please visit http://www.3gpp2.org.

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cdma2000® is the trademark for the technical nomenclature for certain specifications and standards of the Organizational Partners (OPs) of 3GPP2. Geographically (and as of the date of publication), cdma2000® is a registered trademark of the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA-USA) in the United States.

Backup Slides


Recent 3GPP2 progress for m2m


m2m numbering

recommendations (SC.R4005)

1x-RevF(Enhanced Air-Interface for

m2m)

m2m system

requirements

m2m study report

Enhanced m2m network specifications

Documents

Presenters: Rashid Attar, Jun Wang. 3GPP2 Technology Webinar m2m is at the cusp of a major growth spurt…like wireless data in 1997 and Smartphones in