Presentation Sarwar 18-03-2014

8/12/2019 Presentation Sarwar 18-03-2014

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Manzar AhmedUniversity of South Asia

[email protected] Sarwar Anjum

University of South [email protected] AftabKhan

Superior University Lahore

[email protected]. Zaki AhmadComsats institute of [email protected]

APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN HYDROGENGENERATION AND STORAGE

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mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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ABSTRACT

Storage is a key element of advanced power flow management. A

relatively small amount of energy storage can be used to minimize the rate

of change of system output to the grid and avoid demand charges. Much

more storage is required to provide significant capability for off-grid

operation, unless other generation sources, such as an engine-generator,

are available. Nanotechnology can help in hydrogen generation and

storage system by using new Nanomaterials at reduced cost. Control

functions and charging/discharging power electronics may be included in

the inverter/controller or they may be independent Understanding the

charge/discharge efficiency, maintenance requirements, lifetime, and

capital cost will be essential to design of a cost-effective distributedenergy system that includes storage. Energy storage can be used to

minimize peak demand and to shift delivery and consumption of power to

minimize energy costs.

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SEQUENCE OF SLIDES

Introduction H2Generation And Storage

Block Diagram of Generation of Hydrogen

Chemical Method For Production of H2

Co2Emission And Production of Hydrogen

Alternative Resources

Comparison of Battery Storage System

Integration of Electric System

Thermal Energy Storage

Kinds of Thermal Energy Storage

Sensible Thermal Energy Storage And Its Types

Chemical Reactions For Thermal Energy Storage

Storage Capacity And Temperature Relation

Implementation of Nanomaterials In Energy Generation And Storage

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INTRODUCTION

Energy storage can supply more flexibility and balancing to the

grid, providing a back-up to intermittent renewable energy.

It can ease the market introduction of renewable, accelerate the

decarburization of the electricity grid, improve the security and

efficiency of electricity transmission and distribution (reduce

unplanned loop flows, grid congestion, voltage and frequency

variations) in electricity, while also ensuring a higher security of

energy supply.

Currently, there is limited storage in the energy system almost

exclusively from pumped hydro-storage, mainly in mountainousareas whereas other forms of storage batteries, electric cars,

flywheels, hydrogen, chemical storage are either minimal, or at a

very early stage of development.

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H2GENERATION AND STORAGE

H2is energy storage medium, not a primary source of energy

but it can be used to efficiently produce electricity and

it is clean in internal combustion energy, Fuel Cell or in Powergeneration.

H2can store energy from intermittent sources like wind, solar

and can be produced from many different primary energysources.

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BLOCK DIAGRAM OF GENERATION OF

HYDROGEN

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CHEMICAL METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF H2

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CO2EMISSION AND PRODUCTION OF

HYDROGEN

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ALTERNATIVE RESOURCES

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THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE

It is a technology that

stocks thermal energy

by heating or cooling a

storage medium so thatthe stored energy can

be used at a later time

for heating and cooling

applications and powergeneration

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KINDS OF THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE

1. Sensible heat storageIt is based on storing thermal energy by heating or

cooling a liquid or solid storage medium (e.g. water, sand,

molten salts, rocks), with water being the cheapest option

2. Latent heat storageIt is using phase change materials or PCMs (e.g. from a

solid state into a liquid state)

3. Thermo-chemical storage

(TCS) using chemical reactions to store and releasethermal energy.

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SENSIBLE THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE AND

ITS TYPESUnderground Thermal Energy Storage (UTES)

Borehole storage

It is based on vertical heat exchangers installed underground, which

ensure the transfer of thermal energy to and from the ground layers

(e.g. clay, sand, rock).

Aquifer storage uses a natural underground water-permeable layer as astorage medium. The transfer of thermal energy is achieved by mass

transfer (i.e. extracting/re-injecting water from/into the underground

layer).

Cavern storage and pit storage

They are based on large underground water reservoirs created in the

subsoil to serve as thermal energy storage systems. These storage

options are technically feasible, but applications are limited because of

the high investment costs

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CHEMICAL REACTIONS FOR THERMAL ENERGY

STORAGE

Reaction Tem, 0C En. density KJ/Kg

Methane Steam

Reforming

CH4+ H2O = CO +

3H2480-1195 6053

Ammonia

dissociation 2NH3= N2+ 3H2 400-500 3940

Thermal

dehydrogenation of

metal hydrides

MgH2= Mg |+ H2 250-5003079 heat stor

9000 H2stor

Dehydration of

metal hydroxides

CA(OH)2=

CAO+H2O402-572 1415

Catalytic

dissociationSO3= SO2+ 1/2O2 520-960 1235

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STORAGE CAPACITY AND TEMPERATURE

RELATION

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IMPLEMENTATION OF NANOMATERIALS IN ENERGY GENERATION AND

STORAGE

shows the concept of hydrogen economy which consists of chains of hydrogenproduction, hydrogen storage and usage. It links the renewable energy resourcesand electrical energy form with the making and utilization of the hydrogen fuel

through storage medium.

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CONCLUSIONS

Energy storage is a key element of advanced power flow management. A

relatively small amount of energy storage can be used to minimize the rate ofchange of system output to the grid and avoid demand charges.

Much more storage is required to provide significant capability for off-grid

operation, unless other generation sources, such as an engine-generator, are

available.

Control functions and charging/discharging power electronics may be included

in the inverter/controller or they may be independent Understanding the

charge/discharge efficiency, maintenance requirements, lifetime, and capital

cost will be essential to design of a cost-effective distributed energy system that

includes storage. Energy storage can be used to minimize peak demand and to

shift delivery and consumption of power to minimize energy costs.

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THANKYOU

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Presentation Sarwar 18-03-2014