Presentation Gallery with Key Indicators

Child mortality, 2006

• Infant mortality – 71 per 1,000 live births

• Under 5 mortality – 111 per 1,000 live births

• Under 5 morality rate is higher for male children (131 deaths) compared to female children (89 death) higher

• Mortality higher among children of women with low levels of education and among children in rural areas

Infant and under-five mortality rates by sex and area, Ghana, 2006

84

56

6872 71

131

89

106

114111

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Male Female Urban Rural Nationalestimate

Deat

hs p

er 1

,000

live

birth

s

Infant mortality rate

Under-five mortality rate

Nutrition Status, 2006

• 18% and 3% of children under-5 years are underweight and severely underweight respectively

• Malnourishment peaks at age 12-23 months; 22 percent of children are stunted and 5 percent wasted

• Children in the Upper East and Northern regions of the country are more underweight, stunted and wasted

• Boys are more slightly underweight, stunted and wasted than girls.

Percentage of children under-5 who are undernourished, 2006

Figure NU.1: Percentage of children under-5 who are undernourished, Ghana, 2006

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60Age (in months)

Percent

Underweight Stunted Wasted

lll

Breastfeeding, 2006

• About 55% of children below 6 months are exclusively breastfed with 65% for children aged 0-3 months

• Among children 6-9 months, 69% receive breast milk and solid or semi-solid foods

• 95% still being breastfed at 12-15 months, and by age 20-23 months 56% are still being breastfed

Percentage of mothers who started breastfeeding within one hour and within one day of birth, 2006

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Western Central GreaterAccra

Volta Eastern Ashanti BrongAhafo

Northern Upper East Upper West Nationalaverage

Regions

Pe

r C

en

t

Within one day of birth

Within one hour of birth*

Breastfeeding, 2006

Exclusive breastfeeding 0-5mths 54.4%

Timely complementary feeding at6-9mths

58.7%

Continued breastfeeding at12-15mths

94.6%

Continued breastfeeding at 20-23mths

56.1%

Salt Iodization, 2006

Salt is not iodized in 42% of households tested

32% of households use adequately iodized salt (> 15 parts per million (ppm)) and 18% of households use some but not adequately iodized salt (< 15 ppm)

The use of adequately iodized salt is twice as high in urban as compared to rural areas

Percentage of Households using adequately iodized salt, 2006

40

16.7

49.3

12

18.9

47.7

52.8

11.412.3

20.8

44.6

22.2

32.4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Western Central GreaterAccra

Volta Eastern Ashanti Brong Ahafo Northern Upper East Upper West Urban Rural Nationalaverage

Vitamin A Supplement, 2006

60% of children aged 6-59 months receive a high dose of Vitamin A supplement

7% of children 6-59 months never received the supplement

Percent of children under 5 years that received a high dose of Vitamin A supplement in the last 6

months, 2006

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Western Central GreaterAccra

Volta Eastern Ashanti Brong Ahafo Northern Upper East Upper West Urban Rural Nationalaverage

Low birth weight, 2006

Out of 40% of children weighed at birth, approximately 9% are below 2500 grams

No significant variation in low birth weight by background characteristics

Percentage of infants weighing less than 2,500 grams at Birth, Ghana, 2006

10.4

7.9

9.3 9.510.1

8.57.6

9.09.9

9.1(8.8)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Western Central Greater

Accra

Volta Eastern Ashanti Brong

Ahafo

Northern Upper

East

Upper

West

National

av erage

Note: Figure in parenthesis is based on 25-49 unw eighted cases

Perc

ent

Immunization, 2006

• Overall, more than 85.2 % of children had health cards

• 64% of children aged 12-23 months are fully immunized before the age of 12 months and more than 73% of children 2-23 months have all the required vaccinations

• About 94% of children aged 12-23 months receive a BCG vaccination by the age of 12 months

• First dose of (DPT)HH is given to 94% of children aged 12-23 months, 89% of the same age group receive second dose and 81% of the same age group receive the third dose

• 96% of children aged 12-23 months receive polio by age 12 months and third dose, only 80%

Percentage of children aged 12-23 months who received the recommended vaccinations by 12

months, Ghana, 2006

93.890.5

64.4

94.289.2

81.4

95.8

80.1 77.7

0

20

40

60

80

100

BCG (DPT)HH1 (DPT)HH2 (DPT)HH3 Polio1 Polio2 Polio3 MMR AllVaccinations

Perc

ent

Tetanus Toxoid for pregnant women, 2006

•Protection level of women who have had a live birth within the last 2 years against tetanus is generally high peaking at 81% at age 30-34 years

•64% of women receive at least 2 doses during the last pregnancy

Percentage of women with a live birth in the last 12 months who are protected against neonatal

tetanus, Ghana, 2006

0.888

0.818

0.842

0.586

0.701

0.754

0.778

0.774

0.801

0.82

0.746

0.74

0.693

0.833

0.877

(70.3%)

0.771

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Region

Western

Central

Greater Accra

Volta

Eastern

Ashanti

Brong Ahafo

Northern

Upper East

Upper West

Area

Urban

Education

No education

Primary

Middle/JSS

Secondary +

Ghana

Note: Figure in parenthesis is based on 25-49 unweighted cases

(64 percent

Oral Rehydration Treatment, 2006

• 15.4% of children under-5 years had diarrhoea

• 19% of children aged 0-59 months with diarrhoea are managed at home

Only 9% of infants under 12 months are managed at home as compared to 31 percent of those aged 24-35 months

Percentage of children aged 0-59 with diarrhoea who received ORT or increased fluids, AND

continued feeding, Ghana, 2006

29.1%

27.8%

29.1%

28.3%

31.2%

25.6%

27.7%

(26.1%)

28.6%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Sex

Male

Female

Area

Urban

Rural

Mother's Education

No education

Primary

Middle/JSS

Secondary +

Ghana

Note: Figure in parenthesis is based on 25-49 unweighted cases

Treatment of Pneumonia, 2006

During the two weeks preceding the survey

• 5% had symptoms of pneumonia– Of these, 33.6% were taken to an appropriate

provider – 33% of children under-5 years suspected pneumonia

receive an antibiotic treatment– Generally treatment of suspected pneumonia with an

antibiotic is very low among poor households

• Only 2.8% of women knew of the two danger signs of pneumonia

Solid fuels used for cooking, 2006

• 86% of households are using solid fuels for cooking

• Solid fuels are used more in rural areas (96%) compared to urban areas (74%)

• The higher the educational level of the head of household, the lower the use of solid fuels for cooking (58%)

• Use of solid fuels lowest among the wealthiest households (49%) compared to poorest households (99.6%)

Solid fuels used for cooking by poverty and education status, 2008

97.494.5

86.3

58.3

99.6 98.395.3

88.8

49.2

85.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

None Primary Middle/JSS Secondary+ Poorest Second Middle Fourth Richest National average

Per

Cen

t

Education status of household headWealth status of household

Malaria, 2006• 49% of households have at least one mosquito net but, only 19% of

households have insecticide treated net (ITN)

• 33% of children under-five sleep under a mosquito net but 22 percent sleep under an ITN

• The use of ITN is higher in the rural areas (25%) than in the urban areas (16%)

• 22% of children under-five were ill with fever. The prevalence of fever is lowest among infants 0-11 months old but peaked at 12-23 months old children (27 percent)

• The most widely used appropriate anti-malarial drugs are chloroquine used by 42% of children aged 0-59 months with fever and armodiaquine used by 14%.

• Of children with fever, 61% are treated with an appropriate anti-malarial drug and 48 percent receive the drug within 24 hours of onset of symptoms

Children under 5-years sleeping under Insecticide Treated Nets by region, 2006

11.5

16.3

19.821.5 21.8 21.9

24.9 25.7

37.1

39.3

21.8

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Western GreaterAccra

Central Volta Ashanti Northern Eastern Brong Ahafo Upper West Upper East Nationalaverage

Regions

Per

cen

t

Improved sources of drinking water and sanitary means of excreta disposal, 2006

• 38% of the population has access to pipe-borne water in their dwelling, yard or plot or public tap

• 29% and 6% of the population get their drinking water from boreholes and protected wells respectively

• 5% depend on sachet water for drinking water and only 0.1% drink bottled water

• 78% of the population has improved sources of drinking water

61% of the population is using improved sanitation facilities

The improved sanitation is however more prevalent in urban areas (83%) than in rural areas (50%)

Percentage of households using both improved sources of drinking water and sanitary means of excreta

disposal, 2006

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Western Central GreaterAccra

Volta Eastern Ashanti BrongAhafo

Northern Upper East UpperWest

Nationalaverage

Per

Cen

t

Antenatal Care, 2006• Coverage of antenatal care is relatively high with, 92% of pregnant

women aged 15-49 years receiving medical care at least once from a skilled provider

• Higher antenatal care by professional health personnel is recorded in the urban areas of the country (96%) than in the rural areas (90%)

• 10% of pregnant women have their blood pressure checked and weight measured

• 80% have their urine tested, and 78% have a blood sample taken respectively for laboratory examination

50% of births are delivered with the assistance of a skilled health personnel (doctors, nurse/midwife)

49% of women deliver in a health facility. This is higher in urban areas (77%) compared to rural areas (34%)

Comparison between antenatal care attendance and births attended by skilled personnel, 2006

0

20

40

60

80

100

Western Central GreaterAccra

Volta Eastern Ashanti Brong Ahafo Northern Upper East Upper West Nationalaverage

Regions

Per C

ent

Antenatal care

Births attended by skilled healthpersonnel

Primary school net attendance ratio, 2006

  Male Female

Regions

Western 83.6 80.7

Central 73.1 78.2

Greater Accra 86.9 86.8

Volta 72.3 69.1

Eastern 84.2 84.4

Ashanti 84.1 83.2

Brong Ahafo 75 80

Northern 57 52.2

Upper East 69.4 71

Upper West 56 65.2

Residence

Urban 84.4 84.4

Rural 70.6 69.6

Literacy, 2006

64%of women and 71% of men are literate

In the richest wealth quintile, 81% of women and 85% of men are literates while in the poorest wealth quintile, 30% of women and 38% of men are literate

Percentage of young women and men 15-24 years that are literate, Ghana 2006

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Western

Central

Greater Accra

Volta

Eastern

Ashanti

Brong Ahafo

Northern

Upper East

Upper West

Per

cen

tag

e

Regions

Women Men

Percentage of young women and men 15-24 years that are literate, Ghana 2006

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Poorest Second Middle Fourth Richest

Wealth quintiles

Pe

r C

en

t

Female

Male

Birth registration, 2006

• The births of 51% of children under-five years have been registered

• 79% of births to mothers with secondary and higher education are registered while only 41% of births to mothers with no education are registered

• 7 out of every 10 children born in urban areas are registered compared to 4 out of 10 of children born in rural areas

Percentage of children under-5 years whose births are registered, 2006

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

None Primary Middle/JSS Secondary+ Poorest Second Middle Fourth Richest

Pe

rce

nt

Mother EducationWealth index quintiles

Knowledge of HIV transmission, 2006

• 98% of men and 97% of women have heard of AIDS• 60% and 56% of men and women respectively know of

all three main ways of preventing HIV transmission• However, comprehensive knowledge of HIV (identifying

2 prevention methods and 3 misconceptions) is 31.7% of males and 21.2% for female

• 41% of men and 28% of women know that a healthy-looking person can be infected

• 92% of men and 93% of women know that HIV can be transmitted from mother to child

Percentage of 15-49 yrs with comprehensive knowledge on HIV/AIDS, 2006

Male Female

Education

No Education 10.6 9

Primary Education 17.5 13.8

Middle/JSS 32.8 24.7

Secondary+ 51.5 41.7

Wealth Quintiles

Poorest quintile 16.5 8.2

Richest quintile 47.6 35.8

Comprehensive knowledge (identify 2 preventive methods and 3 misconceptions) by region, 2006

28.130.8

43.1

18.9

30.1 30.5

37.9

29.225.8

19.3

8.7

20.3

14.2

20.818.519.8

32.9

19.920.617.1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Westen

Central

Greater

Accra

Volta

Eastern

Ashanti

Brong A

hafo

Northern

Upper E

ast

Upper W

est

Percent

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Percent

men

women