Presentation Final(New)EDIT

8/7/2019 Presentation Final(New)EDIT

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/presentation-finalnewedit 1/35







4

SOLAR BASED LED LIGHTING SYSTEM

FOR

LABS BLOCK OF BAHRIA UNIVERSITY



5

Group Members� ASADULLAH KHAN

� MUDDASSIR HAYAT

� M. MAHMOOD SULTAN

Advisor

� Dr. Khalid Anis



Photovoltaic (PV) CellsPhotovoltaic (PV) Cells

The word photovoltaic comes from ³photo´The word photovoltaic comes from ³photo´

meaning light, and ³voltaic´ which refers tomeaning light, and ³voltaic´ which refers to

producing electricity.producing electricity.

PV Cells convert sunlight directly intoPV Cells convert sunlight directly into

electricity without creating any air or water electricity without creating any air or water

pollution.pollution.

Because the source of light is usually theBecause the source of light is usually the

sun, they are often called solar cells.sun, they are often called solar cells.



PV Cell are made of at least two layers of PV Cell are made of at least two layers of

semiconductor material.semiconductor material.

When light enters the cell, some of theWhen light enters the cell, some of thephotons from the light are absorbed by thephotons from the light are absorbed by the

semiconductor atoms,semiconductor atoms,

freeing electrons from the cell¶s negativefreeing electrons from the cell¶s negative

layer to flow through an external circuit andlayer to flow through an external circuit and

back into the positive layer.back into the positive layer.

How PV Cell Works?How PV Cell Works?



This flow of electrons produces electricThis flow of electrons produces electric

current.current.

How PV Cell Works?How PV Cell Works?



Key Advantages Of PV CellKey Advantages Of PV Cell

Require minimal maintenanceRequire minimal maintenance

have no direct impact on the environmenthave no direct impact on the environment

have no moving partshave no moving parts Long lifeLong life

Low operating CostLow operating Cost



About LEDs

A semiconductor device

Emits Photons when energy is passed

Low Power: 20 W LED § 80 Watts TubeLights



Why LED Lighting??Why LED Lighting??

Low Energy ConsumptionLow Energy Consumption

Extremely long lifeExtremely long life

Smallest dimensionsSmallest dimensions

No ultraNo ultra--violet or violet or

infrared radiationinfrared radiation

Directed light throughDirected light throughoptical lensesoptical lenses



LED'sLED's

VsVsEnergy SaversEnergy Savers

12



Why LED¶s??Why LED¶s??

One Energy saver: 25 Watts

One energy saver can bereplaced by 12 Watts LED Lamp

LED lamps : 70% saving

13



Energy SaversEnergy Savers

12 hr¶s of light up a day :12 hr¶s of light up a day :

25 Watts x 12 hours = 300 W.hr 25 Watts x 12 hours = 300 W.hr

In a month :In a month :

300 w.hr x 30 = 9 KW.hr 300 w.hr x 30 = 9 KW.hr

On the rate of Rs.10 / KW.hr On the rate of Rs.10 / KW.hr

9 kw.hr x 10 = Rs. 909 kw.hr x 10 = Rs. 90 For 7 energy saversFor 7 energy savers

Rs.90 x 7 = Rs. 630Rs.90 x 7 = Rs. 630

14



LED·sLED·s

12 hr¶s of light up a day :12 hr¶s of light up a day :

12Watts x 12 hours = 144 W.hr 12Watts x 12 hours = 144 W.hr

In a month :In a month :

144 W.hr x 30 = 4.32 KW.hr 144 W.hr x 30 = 4.32 KW.hr

On the rate of Rs.10 / KW.hr On the rate of Rs.10 / KW.hr

4.32 KW.hr x 10 = Rs. 43.24.32 KW.hr x 10 = Rs. 43.2 For 7 lightsFor 7 lights

Rs.43.2 x 7 = Rs. 302.4Rs.43.2 x 7 = Rs. 302.4

15



SavingsSavings

Energy savers costsEnergy savers costs Rs. 630 a monthRs. 630 a month

Same light from LED¶sSame light from LED¶s Rs. 302 a monthRs. 302 a month

52% Saving52% Saving

8



LED Lamp: Sample

Used 18 surface mount Power LEDs.

Power Consumption: 12 Watts

Power feed: 12 V DC



LED Lamp: Sample

Used 432 5mm White LEDs in 4x4 fixture

Power Consumption: 24 Watts

Can replace two 40 Watts Tube lights

Power feed: 12 V DC.



System sizingSystem sizing



7 lamps of 12 Watts each7 lamps of 12 Watts each

12 Watts x 7 = 84 Watts12 Watts x 7 = 84 Watts

14 hour¶s of Light Up14 hour¶s of Light Up

84 Watts x 14 hr¶s = 1.176 KW.hr a day84 Watts x 14 hr¶s = 1.176 KW.hr a day

Required PV Array:Required PV Array:

1.176 KW.hr/6 hr¶s of sunshine § 196 Watts1.176 KW.hr/6 hr¶s of sunshine § 196 Watts

20

For Worst Case Scenario



21

Including 25% inefficiencies in solar Including 25% inefficiencies in solar

panelspanels

PV Array : 250 WattsPV Array : 250 Watts

Current Rating For Charge Controller Current Rating For Charge Controller

250Watts/12V = 20.83 § 20Amps250Watts/12V = 20.83 § 20Amps

For Worst Case Scenario



22

Batteries Required

1500 W.hr/12 V = 125 Ah1500 W.hr/12 V = 125 Ah § 145Ah§ 145Ah

145Ah + 145 Ah( 1 day back up) = 290 Ah145Ah + 145 Ah( 1 day back up) = 290 Ah



FinallyFinally

1.1. 55 ×× 50W Panels50W Panels

2.2. 12V, 20 Amps Charge Controllers12V, 20 Amps Charge Controllers

3.3. 22 ×× 145Amp 12 Volts Batteries145Amp 12 Volts Batteries4.4. 7 LED Lamps (12 Watts Of Each)7 LED Lamps (12 Watts Of Each)

23



Components of Solar ElectricComponents of Solar Electric

SystemSystem Photovoltaic (solar electric) panelsPhotovoltaic (solar electric) panels

Charge controller Charge controller

BatteriesBatteries

Inverter (not the Part of In Our Case)Inverter (not the Part of In Our Case)



Block Diagram



Charge Controller

Heart of Solar Power System

An interface between Solar cells, battery

and load.



A Charge ControllerA Charge Controller

Block¶s reverse currentBlock¶s reverse current

Prevent battery overchargePrevent battery overcharge

Prevent battery over discharge (LowPrevent battery over discharge (LowVoltage Disconnect)Voltage Disconnect)

Control Set Points vs. TemperatureControl Set Points vs. Temperature

Overload ProtectionOverload Protection

Display battery statusDisplay battery status

2727



CHARGE CONTROLLERCHARGE CONTROLLER

BatteryBattery

ChargingCharging

28

LowLowVoltageVoltage

DisconnectDisconnect



Charge Controller: Features

Reliable all solid-state circuitry, no power

hungry relays

Temperature compensated Fuse for protection from excessive load

and solar charging currents.

Reverse battery polarity blows the fuse,the rest of the circuitry is protected.



Charge Controller: Controls

Load On-Off Switch

float voltage adjustment pot

Low voltage disconnect set point pot.

Equalize terminals for periodic

maintenance overcharging.



Charge Controller: Indicators

Red LED : Battery Charging

Yellow LED: Float indication.

Green LED : Load-Power indication

Amber LED : Low-Voltage indication



Charge Controller: Specifications

Nominal Battery Voltage: 12V

Absolute maximum PV input voltage: 25VDC

Load Voltage Ratings: 12V nominal, 11V-13.8V

typical range. Float Voltage Range: 13.0V-16.1V (range can

be altered).

Low Voltage Disconnect Range: 10.0V-13.0V.

Voltage Drop During Charging: 0.5V @ 3A, 1V@ 9A.

Equalize voltage rise: 1.8V.

Temperature Compensation: -7.5mV/Degree C.



Implementation



LED Level IndicatorLED Level Indicator

34



Documents

Presentation Final(New)EDIT