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The effect orthoses have on altering gait and recovery from
lower limb sports injuries.
Mark Rule (0947944)
Developing an interest
What is Gait?
Runners gait
Injury
What is an orthotic?
• Device to correct a patients physical posture and function.
• Serve to maximise function and mobility, minimize pain, and prevent the progression of a physical abnormality.
Research Question
What is the best orthotic treatment in order to help runners recover
quicker from injury?
Research Design
• Quantitative vs. Qualitative
Research Design - Sampling
• Sampling followed both the probability and nonprobability format. The nonprobability format involves including participants who have a specific trait, which in this case is runners with lower limb injuries. The probability format utilises simple random sampling as participants will need to be randomly split into three groups.
Research Design - Surveys• GRADE 1 STRAIN
Damage to individual muscle fibres (less than 5% of fibres). This is a mild strain which requires 2 to 3 weeks rest.
• GRADE 2 STRAINExtensive damage, with more muscle fibres involved, but the muscle is not completely ruptured. The rest period required is usually between 3 and 6 weeks.
• GRADE 3 STRAINComplete rupture of a muscle. In a sports person this will usually require surgery to repair the muscle. The rehabilitation time is around 3 months.
Data Analysis
Univariate Approach
Bivariate Approach
Multivariate Approach
Borg Scale & Tables
Implications• It is expected that the findings of the study may have a
bearing on which orthoses practitioners prescribe for runner’s injuries. This is because one type of orthoses may provide a quicker return to activity by reducing pain or injury quicker than the others due to the correct biomechanical alignment of the lower limb.
References• Babbie, E. (2008). The Basics of Social Research (4th ed.). Belmont, California: Thomson
Wadsworth.• Cottrell, R., & McKenzie, J. (2011). Health Promotion & Education Research Methods. Sudbury,
Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. • Gait Analysis and Biomechanics. (n.d.). Retrieved from
http://www.sportsinjuryclinic.net/cybertherapist/general/gait_analysis.php• Landorf, K., & Keenan, A. (2000). Efficacy of Foot Orthoses: What Does the Literature Tell Us?,
Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association, 90(3), 149-155.• Menz, H. (2009). Foot orthoses: how much customisation is necessary?, Journal of Foot and
Ankle Research 2(23), 1-3. doi: 10.1186/1757-1146-2-23• Pecina, M., & Bojanic, I. (2004). Overuse injuries of the Musculoskeletal System. Florida: CRC Press
LLC. • Perry, J. (1992). Gait Analysis: Normal and Pathological Function. New Jersey: Slack.• Subotnick, S. (1999). Sports Medicine of the Lower Extremity (2nd ed.). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
Churchill Livingstone.• Trotter, L., & Pierrynowski, M. (2008). The Short-term Effectiveness of Full-Contact Custom
made Foot Orthoses and Prefabricated Shoe Inserts on Lower-Extremity Musculoskeletal Pain.Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association, 98(5), 357-363. Retrieved from Scopus.