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Presa IMPACT

Opinia publica este cumulul opiniilor, atitudinilor si credintelor individuale cu privire la un anumit

subiect, spuneEnciclopedia Britanica.Presa influenteaa, in cel putin trei feluri, modul in care se

nasc, se formeaa si se slefuiesc aceste opinii, atitudini si credinte invidividuale!

". Setarea agendei publice#a$enda settin$%, cu alte cuvinte presa &ale$e' ceea ce este stire si

merita sa fie preentat opiniei publice. In aceasta faa, presa te influenteaa &despre ce' sa

$andesti. (anditi)va doar cate alte lucruri se intampla in *urul dumneavoastra despre care

presa nu spune nimic, ca atare nici dumneavoastra nu aveti vreo opinie.

+. Incadrarea#framin$)ul% si unghiuldin care sunt preentate faptele. upa ce presa a decis

despre ce sa vorbeasca-scrie, faptele si detaliile din stirea respectiva sunt incadrate intr)un

tablou, adica anumite detalii se ale$ a fi incluse in stire, iar altele sa fie lasate afara. etaliile

care sunt alese sa faca parte din stire sunt apoi preentate dintr)un anumit un$i, pentru a

inocula in mintea cititorului o anumita atitudine. Poti sa spui ca paarul este *umatate plin

sau *umatate $ol, depinde din ce un$i si incadrare vrei sa preinti stirea.

/. Dezirabilitatea socialain baa careia oamenii, in $eneral, isi vor forma opiniile baate pe

ceea ce ei cred ca este opinia populara. O opinie a*un$e sa fie populara atat prin repetarea ei

pe o lun$a perioada de timp, cat si prin faptul ca este emanata-enuntata de o sursa care sa fie

un e0pert in domeniul respectiv. in acest motiv *urnalistii citeaa e0perti ori specialisti in

articolele lor sau se specialieaa ei pe anumite domenii, opiniile lor fiind considerate ca

e0pertie. Asa avem *urnalisti care se preinta ca fiind e0perti in *ustitie, economie, sanatate

etc. #*udecatorFlorica Roman) Oradea%

http://www.britannica.com/topic/public-opinionhttp://www.britannica.com/topic/public-opinionhttp://www.britannica.com/topic/public-opinionhttp://www.britannica.com/topic/public-opinion

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How Headlines Change the Way We

ThinkBYMARIA KONNIKOVA

CREDITP

HOTOGRAPH BY TIMOTHY A. CLARY/AFP/GETTY

&12 3eadlines Matter.' &Misleadin$ 3eadlines Can 4ead 5ou Astra2.' &3o6 1at

5ou 7ead Affects 1at 5ou 8ee.' &3o6 Bad 3eadlines Ma9e Bad Memories.'

&Eleven 7easons 3eadlines Are Important.' &5ou:ll ;ever Believe 3o6 Important an

Accurate 3eadline Is.'

Tose are all possible titles for tis piece tat I discussed 6it m2 editor. And,

actuall2, te one tat 6e pic9ed ma2 be te most important part of tis article. B2

no6, ever2one knowstat a eadline determines o6 man2 people 6ill read a piece,

particularl2 in tis era of social media. But, more interestin$, a eadline can$este waypeople read an article and te 6a2 te2 remember it. Te eadline frames

te rest of te e0perience. A eadline can tell 2ou 6at 9ind of article 2ou:re about to

read

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2ou read so tat 2ou later recall details tat coincide 6it 6at 2ou 6ere e0pectin$.

=or instance, te eadline of tis articleI 6rote

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ad read te complete set of pieces, se 6as $iven a surprise si0)uestion ui, 6it

uestions concernin$ bot recollection and inference.

Te eadline, it turns out, ad done more tan simpl2 reframe te article. In te case

of te factual articles, a misleadin$ eadline urt a reader:s abilit2 to recall tearticle:s details. Tat is, te parts tat 6ere in line 6it te eadline, suc as a

declinin$ bur$lar2 rate, 6ere easier to remember tan te opposin$, non)eadlined

trend. Inferences, o6ever, remained sound! te misdirection 6as blatant enou$

tat readers 6ere a6are of it and proceeded to correct teir impressions accordin$l2.

Accordin$ to te stud2, &;o matter 6ic eadline te2 sa6, te2 predicted tat,

ne0t 2ear, te crime rate 6ould $o do6n.'

In te case of opinion articles, o6ever, a misleadin$ eadline, li9e te one

su$$estin$ tat $eneticall2 modified foods are dan$erous, impaired a reader:s abilit2to ma9e accurate inferences. =or instance, 6en as9ed to predict te future public)

ealt costs of $eneticall2 modified foods, people 6o ad read te misleadin$

eadline predicted a far $reater cost tan te evidence ad 6arranted.

Ec9er and is collea$ues ten replicated te results in a second stud2

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=or conscientious readers and editors, Ec9er:s findin$s across te t6o studies $ive

cause for concern. =irst, misinformation appears to cause more dama$e 6en it:s

subtle tan 6en it:s blatant. 1e see trou$ te latter and correct for it as 6e $o.

Te former is muc more insidious and persistent. It is also, unfortunatel2, muc

more li9el2 to be te result of sloppiness or inconsideration rater tan a deliberate

effort to lead readers astra2. Ta9e this articlefrom te Timesin Ma2. &8ellin$ a

=a9e Paintin$ Ta9es More Tan a (ood Artist,' reads te eadline. Alon$side it! a

poto$rap of a $aller2 o6ner 6o is not actuall2 one of te culprits. A criminal

implication is paired 6it a poto$rap, and te poto$rap ma2 inadvertentl2 be

tainted as 6ell.

3ere:s te oter tin$! almost ever2 *ournalist as e0perienced te a$$ravation of

avin$ readers $ive a$$rieved, enra$ed, dismissive, or, reall2, an2 oter t2pe of

ne$ative reaction to an article based solel2 on a eadline. &7ead te articleD' te

6riter often 6ants to scream. 1at Ec9er:s 6or9 so6s, tou$, is tat 6it te ri$t