N 40008 C931b 1991 c.4

PRELIMINARY ANALYSISOF THE CRIPS AND BLOODSSTREET GANG ACTIVITY

IN OKLAHOMA

Strategic Intelligence SummaryPrepared By

The Oklahoma State Bureau of Narcotics andDangerous Drugs ControlIntelligence Division

September, 1991

PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF THE CRIPS AND BLOODSSTREET GANG ACTIVITY IN OKLAHOMA

INTRODUCTIONBlack youth gang activity has risen markedly during the past

five years and continues to grow at an alarming rate in the Stateof Oklahoma. The largest concentrations of gang members lie in themetropoli tan areas of Tulsa and Oklahoma City, although gangactivity is being reported with greater frequency in the ruralareas of the state. It is the purpose of this analysis to providean overview of street gang activity in Oklahoma and its scope ofinfluence, so that logical predictions can be made regarding futuretrends and possible solutions to the issue.

Gang economics are grounded in the drug trade, and territoryis divided by rival gangs. Any infringement by one "set" onto theterritory or "turf" of another gang set is usually met withviolence, which can include physical beatings, drive-by shootings,open gang warfare, and execution-style murder.

During the past several years, metropolitan areas of Oklahomahave seen an influx of Los Angeles based street gang members.These individuals are particularly violent and usually derive theirresources from the sale of crack cocaine. The gangs buy low pricedcocaine in Los Angeles, where they often deal directly withColumbian suppliers. The drug is then brought to Oklahoma, cookedinto the rock form of cocaine known as "crack," and sold here wherethe market price is high. Gangs often operate or supply so called"rock houses" using local drug dealers to enhance theirorganizations.

Crips and Bloods brought their cocaine to Oklahoma. They havealso brought their lifestyles. Today thousands of young Oklahomanscall themselves Crips or Bloods and have adopted the sociopathicbehavior of their fellow Los Angeles gang members. Lack of respectfor human life is a status sYmbol in gang cultures. Those accordedthe highest ranking in these organizations are frequently the oneswho demonstrate the greatest degree of ruthlessness.

In metropolitan areas, the indiscriminate discharge of fire-arms is becoming common. Oklahoma City alone has experienced some250 reported drive-by shootings. They have resulted in 14fatali ties in the past year. Tulsa has experienced similarincidents.

Gang graffiti is highly visible in gang infested neighbor-hoods. The cryptic messages, usually touting violence against arival gang, can be readily interpreted with some degree of study.Also common are so called "Hood Houses," which are vacant homes orbusinesses taken over by gang members and used as a sort of

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clubhouse. In many neighborhoods, citizens have been forced out oftheir homes by gangs which have taken over other property on theblock.:1.

Local gang members tend to range from about ten years of ageto the early twenties. Some gang sets have "Pee Wees" who are mem-bers too young to participate in bona fide gang activity, but haveaspirations of becoming real gang members, and are utilized formenial tasks and chores.

Local gang members (as opposed to Los Angeles gang members)have been here-to-fore considered insignificant and simply imitat-ors of real Los Angeles gang members. At present, it is difficultto tell local gang members from a Los Angeles gang member. LocalCrip and Blood sets have divided Tulsa and Oklahoma City into localset turf. It is the opinion of the Oklahoma Bureau of Narcoticsthat local Crips and Bloods pose as great or greater a threat tolocal society than the Los Angeles gang members operating inOklahoma. Local metropolitan gang members are spreading theirinfluence and lifestyles to mid-sized Oklahoma towns having blackcommunities, in much the same way that Los Angeles gang membersspread their lifestyles and influence to Oklahoma City and Tulsa.

HISTORY OF THE GANG PROBLEM

There is a long history of black street gangs in Los Angeles.The first gangs can be traced back as far as the 1920s, when familymembers and close friends banded together in the rough south-central Los Angeles area.2 The main reason that these groups ini-tially formed was for self-defense. In rough neighborhoods , agroup was stronger than any individual. These gangs provided pro-tection from rival gangs, and eventually evolved a source of incomethrough criminal activity. Those considered the "toughest" or the"smartest" on a given block emerged as gang leaders.

Throughout the years, additional gangs developed, and theirlevel of criminal sophistication increased. Between 1955 and 1965there was a significant increase in gang activity in the Comptonarea of Los Angeles. The first Crip gang activity is believed tohave started in 1969 on the campus of Washington High School. Mem-bers of this initial Crip street gang were mainly involved inextortion, assault, and robbery. The origin of the Crip name isunclear; some sources hold that the name is derived from the motion

. ,:1.Reference Oklahoma Bureau of Narcotics Intelligence Sources

2 Information in this paper regarding gang origins andcharacteristics is based upon the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, andFirearms publications Crips and Bloods Street Gangs, Volumes 1 and2, published in 1989.

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picture entitled Tales From the Crypt. Another theory is that itcomes from the "Cribs," an offshoot of the Slauson Street Gang inLos Angeles. Other stories include that the name comes from thefact that early members carried walking canes as a form of gangidentification, and "crips" comes from "cripples." Another viewholds that the name is derived from "kryptonite," the substance"more powerful than Superman."

As the Crips developed into a large loosely knit organization,they increased in power and influence. Addi tional gang setsdeveloped throughout the area, all with well-earned reputations forviolence and ruthlessness. Since drug trafficking was thestrongest black market available, Crips members turned to drugtrafficking as a source of income. Phencyclidine (PCP), known onthe streets as "angel dust," became a main drug of choice. Membersof these sets began to travel to other communities, dealing drugs,and spreading gang influence throughout the Los Angeles area andelsewhere. 3

SET IDENTIFICATION

Members of a particular gang "set" typically wear certainarticles of clothing to show membership in a gang. Usually, coloris the main indicator. For example, those affiliated with theCrips wear blue clothing as a symbol of their membership. Thisprobably started on the campus of Washington High School in LosAngeles, where blue is the school color. However, the gangs soonbegan using other symbols of affiliation.

In Compton, a group of black youths, wanting to protect them-selves from the Crips, formed a rival gang. They adopted the nameof a major street in Compton as their name, calling themselves the"Pirus." Members of the Pirus became affiliated with other rivalgangs, and the name Bloods was commonly used to refer to this newentity. Compton Bloods still refer to themselves as Pirus. Bloodsets wear red clothing to show their affiliation. This may bebecause of the geographical proximity of the initial gangterritories to Centennial High School in Compton, where red is theschool color.

Prior to the cocaine boom in the United States in the early1980' s, Crips and Bloods members made most of their money fromextortion, robbery, and burglary. These activities established thegangs as organized criminals with illegal sources of income. How-ever, in early 1982, gang members began dealing in "crack" cocaine.That drug became the drug of choice among many young black males.

3 Clandestine Phencyclidine laboratories and majordistributors of the drug began to appear in Oklahoma in the late1970's.

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A vicious cycle of dealing, using, and increased dealing wasestablished as gang members became addicted to crack cocaine. Drugtrafficking expanded the economic base of these gangs, and providedfunds needed to further their growth and geographical expansion tocities throughout the continental United States.

As street gangs become better financed and more numerous, thebattles for territorial control are becoming more violent. Gangwarfare has become widespread. A deadly tactic employed to attackrival gang members is the "drive-by shooting." Gang members usingpistols, shotguns, assault rifles, or fully automatic weapons, fireon their targets from moving vehicles. Of the many homicidesresulting from drive-by shootings, several of the murdered havebeen innocent bystanders.

GANG CHARACTERISTICSBlack street gangs are by nature territorial, and a system of

identifying the different gang turfs has emerged. Gang territoryis marked by spray painting graffiti on walls and is usually in thepredominant color of the gang. The sYmbols portrayed in the graf-fiti not only signify turf, but chronicle the current state of af-fairs, e.g., gang rivalries, warfare, supply of drugs, and othersignificant information about the gang condition. Gang graffiti isusually a sign of increased gang presence in a given community.

Gang members often communicate with each other by means of"placas," a scientific term that means a form of non-verbalcommunication. Characteristically, gang members use hand signs andsymbols as codes. Only gang members and associates are supposed toknow the codes, which tell of gang activity and identify individ-uals as gang members. Hand signals and graffiti show gang affil-iation but also communicate ideas, ~' an impending shooting.

Gang members have different ways of displaying their "colors."They wear clothing that is the primary or secondary color of theirgang. They may also carry colored handkerchiefs to signify gangaffiliation.4 The handkerchief may be carried inside the waist-band, as a "flag," or worn on the head or used as a mask during thecommission of a crime. Other accessories include hats, shoelaces,and belts in the color of blue or red. Secondary colors such asbrown, black, and purple are used by certain gangs to indicate gangaffiliation.

4 The movie Colors is based upon the use of colored clothingto symbolize gang affiliation. Colors are like a national flag forstreet gangs.

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SOCIAL VALUES

Members of the Crips and Bloods share a general outlook onlife, which includes loyalty to other members of their set. It isimportant to young gang members to affect the appearance of a cal-lous and ruthless individual. The more violent and dangerous aparticular gang member is perceived to be, the more respect he isaccorded by both fellow and rival gang members.

Initiation of an individual into a gang is done in one ofthree different ways: committing an armed robbery with other gangmembers as witnesses, performing a drive-by shooting, or lettingmembers of the gang physically beat up the prospective member whichis referred to as the "kangaroo walk" or "bullpen." The initiationprocess is often called "courting" and is designed to show courageand gang loyalty. 5 For instance, if a prospective gang membercommits murder, he may claim to have displayed both courage andloyalty by violating the law and taking a personal risk to join thegang.

Gang members strive to develop a ruthless public image. Incourting such an image, some develop a sociopathic mentality thatdiffers radically from other types of juvenile offenders. 6 Theviolent gangster image can be enhanced by performing a drive-byshooting, robbery, or other crime. The act itself confers on themember an elevated position within the gang, since it demonstratesthe congruence between the idea and the reality of ruthlessness inaction.

ORGANIZATION AND STRUCTURE IN OKLAHOMA

In Oklahoma, there are two main groups of black street gangs:Crips and Bloods. These groupings are divided into individualgangs called sets, to which members belong. While each set is aseparate gang, they are identified with either the Crips orBloods.?

5 Such behavior can be seen in all cultures historically as a"rite of passage," whereby a boy becomes a man. For furtherreference on this Cf. Joseph Campbell, The Hero With a ThousandFaces and Sir James Frazier's The Golden Bough.

6 Herman Jones, M.D., Asst. Professor of Psychiatry andNeurology, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center. 1991.

? Dr. Herman Jones observes that sets with more than fifteenmembers tend to divide and create new sets.

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A territorial phenomenon, sets originate in a neighborhoodthat becomes its usual area of operation. There is no limit on thenumber of members that may be in a single set. Some sets are com-prised of as few as five members. Others may number several hun-dred. Some sets are offshoots of larger sets, compounding theproblem of determining set size.

Gang members are usually between 9 and 25 years old. SomeOriginal Gangsters may be in their 30s.8 Most of the criminallyactive youth are between the ages of 14 and 18. There is no tra-ditional chain of command for these gangs. Older members, es-pecially Original Gangsters, have the most influence. If a chron-ological approach based on age is used, the structural breakdown ofthe black street gangs is as follows:9

1. Original Gangsters. Otherwise known as O.G.'s, thesemembers are the upper echelon of gang command. They plannarcotics trafficking strategies, manage large sums ofdrug money and its distribution throughout the gang, reaphigh benefits from gang activity, and make decisionsabout gang affairs, including drive by shootings andother violent assaults. The O.G. 's tend to remain apartfrom day to day gang acti vities, with many actuallyrunning legitimate businesses as fronts for their ganginvolvement.

2. Gangsters. The gangsters or "G's" are the backbone ofthe street gangs. They are usually younger than theOriginal Gangster's (14-17 years old), carry out gangactivities, answer to the Original Gangsters, and super-vise the younger gang members. In general terms, thesemembers represent the rank and file street gangmembership.

3. PeeWees. Also called Baby Gangsters, they are usually 9-13 years old and are used by senior gang members to per-form such menial tasks as runners, sentries, or othertasks including the writing of graffiti.

4. Tiny Gangsters. Tiny Gangsters, also called "T.G.'s,"are the youngest members of black youth gangs. They areusually between the ages of 6 to 9 years old. They pri-marily carry out very menial tasks for older gang mem-bers. This may include running, recruiting, and generalchores.

B See below.9 Reference ATF and Los Angeles Police. These structures have

been observed in Oklahoma City street gangs.7

GEOGRAPHICAL EXPANSION

The Los Angeles based gangs discovered that the entire UnitedStates is a market for drugs. Consequently, gangs have sent envoysto all parts of the United S~ates to scout out potential territor-ies and establish connections. Geographically, gang expansion hasbeen from Los Angeles to other West Coast cities, eastward to majorUnited States urban areas, and finally to smaller towns and citiesthroughout the nation.

One peculiarity is that young gang members tend to imitate theCalifornia gang style, forming their own neighborhood gang exactlylike the California equivalent. These local sets of Crips andBloods usually have some relationship to the California gangs.Many Oklahomans have family ties to California dating back to thewestward migration of Dust Bowl days. This may partially explainthe close link between Oklahoma gang members and those on the westcoast.

According to an ATF report, there are currently over 30 LosAngeles gangs trafficking in narcotics in at least 21 differentstates including California, Oregon, Washington, Utah, Alaska,Arizona, Oklahoma, Nebraska, Iowa, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico,Colorado, Missouri, Texas, Ohio, Louisiana, Illinois, Florida,Maryland, and Hawaii.10

The early primary location for cocaine shipments from SouthAmerica was Miami, Florida. That focus has now shifted to SouthernCalifornia. Members of the Crips and Bloods have established con-tacts with Columbian sources and flooded the market with crackcocaine. Cocaine, in rock or crack form, has become the drug ofpreference in economically depressed communi ties, where it was for-merly available on a limited basis due to high cost.11 Crackcocaine represents a new marketing approach for the distribution ofcocaine. Selling smaller units ("rocks") of the drug has made itmore affordable and has increased the market base. That base ismade firm through addiction.

The general profile of a Crips or Blood gang member is asfollows: black male, age 16-22 years of age, rarely having iden-tification, and frequently using alias names. He often wears"FILA" brand jogging suits and tennis shoes, professional sportsjackets and caps bearing the names of Los Angeles teams, and some-times Adidas sweatshirts. He may also wear Dickey brand cottonwork pants or bib-style overalls (clothing is worn in a stylecalled the L.A. "sag," where the pants sag below the hips, reveal-ing the cleavage of the buttocks.) Nike tennis shoes are also

10 ATF, Crips and Bloods Street Gangs, vol 1-2, 1989.

11 Reference DEA and OBN intelligence sources.

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popular among gang members. The colors of clothing worn by gangmembers tend to reflect their gang colors. Other indicators arelarge sums of cash, gold jewelry, pagers, and mobile phones. Al-though these colors and styles represent a general profile of gangmembers, they have learned that the police watch for these signsand often dress more discreetly.12 These indicators are generaland gang styles change continually.

Generally, Los Angeles gang members do not operate crackhouses from which drugs are sold; rather, they tend to superviseoperations and collect proceeds from drug sales. They keep intouch with local dealers by using pagers and mobile phones.

Gang members tend to use the same motels on a regular basis.For instance, ATF chronicles a recent California gang investigationwhich revealed the gang members continually used Sixpence Motelsbetween Los Angeles and Tacoma, Washington as a location from whichto conduct their illegal drug trade.13

A list of the main California sets has been developed byCompton, California Police Department and other agencies:

Crip sets: Acacia CripsCompton CripsEast Coast CripsFronthood CripsGhost Town CripsHarbor City CripsMain Street CripsPayback CripsRaymond CripsRollin' 30's

Bible CripsDodge City CripsEight Tray Gangsters43 Gangster CripsGrape Street Watts CripsInsane CripsOriginal Valley GangsterPlayboy CripsRollin' 20'sRollin' 60's

12 The Western States Information Network (WISN) has catalogedthe general profile of a gang member as follows: Black males 15 to24 years of age, rarely having identification, using alias names,wearing close-cropped or geri curl hair styles, giving localaddresses with Los Angeles ZIP Codes and Area Codes, wearing redclothing to signify Blood membership and blue clothing to signifyCrips membership.

13 ATF, Crips and Bloods Street Gangs, vol 1-2, 1989.

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Blood sets: Athens Park BoysBounty HuntersBlack P-stoneBrim Sets89 Family BloodInglewood Family BloodOutlawsCedar Block PiruLeuder Park PiruRollin' 30's PiruUjima Village Blood

Bishop SetsBloodstone VillainsBlood FivesDenver Lane SetsHarvard ParkMiller GangstersCompton PiruCross Atlantic PiruLime Hood PiruMain Street SwansVan Ness Gangsters

Although the list is not comprehensive, it represents themajor gangs in the Los Angeles area. Many of these gangs havemigrated to other areas, expanding from original cells to newsets.

Gang activity has increased steadily throughout the State ofOklahoma during the past four years. In the years 1986-87, onlyminimal numbers of gang-related police contacts were made through-out the metropolitan Oklahoma City area. ~4 Crips members fromCompton, California had been observed establishing gang presence inthe Tulsa and Muskogee areas during late 1986 to early 1987. Mem-bers of Los Angeles Crips gangs were observed travelling to andfrom Oklahoma and California. Police authorities suspect that muchof this travel was to supply drugs and return money. Intelligenceindicates a number of these gang members were originally from Mus-kogee, Oklahoma and had moved to the Los Angeles area in the early1980's to find work.

In early to mid-1988, there was a sharp increase in gang ac-tivity in the Oklahoma City metropolitan area. It was concentratedin the Northeast side and suburbs of the city. Although most ofthis gang activity included the sale of crack cocaine to members ofthe black community, a new market opened in the heroin trade withthe arrest and imprisonment of Johnnie Lee Sanders, a long-timeheroin distributor. Many early Oklahoma City gang members becameinvolved in the heroin business as a result of the collapse of theSanders organization. Although gangs in the Oklahoma City areaoriginated from Los Angeles-based Crips and Bloods, as the problemexpands fewer of the gangs seem to have direct ties to Los Angeles.

HISTORY OF THE OKLAHOMA CITY GANG PROBLEM

During the early development of gang activity in OklahomaCity, only a few gang members and their associates were identified.Likewise, only a few sets were recognized. One reason for this is

~4 Sources include Oklahoma City Police Department and otherintelligence sources in the metropolitan area.

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that this time period was an initial recruitment stage for prospec-tive gang members. It was also a time when the groundwork for drugdistribution networks was established. Lack of intelligence ongang activity was due to both ignorance of the operation of streetgangs on the part of law enforcement and to a general lack of in-terest in what appeared to be an insignificant juvenile gangphenomenon.

In mid-1988, media attention focused upon Los Angeles gang ac-tivity in Oklahoma City. The press brought popular attention tothe emergence of gangs and various strategies and counter-measuresto combat the growing problem. Local law enforcement officialstraveled to Los Angeles and observed the gang problem first-hand.Fearing a full-scale crackdown would serve to glamorize gang life-styles in the press, many police departments downplayed the role ofgangs in local violence. In some cases, local governments deniedthe existence of organized street gangs.~5

From late 1988 to 1989, gang activity grew, and a broad marketwas established for drug trafficking. There was an increase ingang-related crimes (drug trafficking, assaults, robberies, drive-by shootings) and a decrease in classic juvenile crimes (burglary,larceny, etc.). It was common to see large groups of young blackmales congregating at locations known to police as gang hang-outs.Frequently during these congregations, violence erupted. Duringthis same time-frame, gang related homicides began to rise.~6

In 1990-1991, Oklahoma City's gang problem has continued un-abated, with many Original Gangsters starting legitimate fronts forgang activities. Other cities throughout the state are now report-ing similar increases in gang activity. Gang-related shootingshave been reported in Hugo, Frederick, Elk City, and Lawton. a, 7

Ardmore police report a surge in other types of gang activity.~B

~5 This approach was, in fact, recommended by some instructorsto law enforcement officials.

~6 Oklahoma City has seen a large increase in the number ofdrive-by shootings over the past two years.

~7 Recent information obtained by an on-site visit by an OBNIntelligence Agent and discussions with local law enforcement andcommunity officials from these areas reveals a significant increasein their gang activities. There was a gang related assault of anolder female during a robbery in Hugo.

~BChief Bill Culley of Ardmore P.D. recently reported havinga gang fights, shootings, armed robberies, threats on lawenforcement officers, drug dealing in public housing areas, andother indicators of a significant gang problem throughout Ardmoreto the Oklahoma Bureau of Narcotics.

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Available statistics indicate a jump in young black violentjuvenile offenders.~9

OKLAHOMA CITY SETS

Oklahoma City currently has an estimated 75 local Crips andBloods sets operating in the metropolitan area. Many of these havea California connection. Others are simply modeled upon the Cali-fornia gangs with no direct link. In no instance is a set compris-ed strictly of California gang members. Typically, if a set has aCalifornia connection, it will be one or a few individuals fromCalifornia, with rank and file members comprised of locals. Inthis circumstance, the Californians hold executive positions in thegang as Original Gangsters.20

CRIME and AGE STATISTICS

It is clear that black street gangs are mainly comprised ofjuveniles. Consequently, indicators of increased gang activity arevisible upon examination of juvenile crime statistics. The Okla-homa County Juvenile Center has published useful statistics onjuvenile crime in its annual report.2~

In FY90, there was a 13.1% increase in juvenile admissions tothe detention center over FY89. The total admissions for FY89 were1,190 and for FY90 were 1,346. The average daily population of theOklahoma County Juvenile Center in FY88 was 35.1 persons, FY89 was38.16, and in FY90 was 45.65. The average age of youth detained atthe facility was 15.3 years. In fact, admissions increased stead-ily in all age groups except 17 year olds. However, this may bebecause Possession of a Controlled Dangerous Substance with Intentto Distribute is now a reverse certification offense.22

In addition to a steady increase in overall admissions duringthe past three years, the percentage of black admissions has risenfrom 47.3% in FY89 to 60% of all admissions in FY90. "Non-white"

~9 See page 21 for further information.

20 A listing of known Oklahoma City sets is contained inappendix 1 of this document.

2~ All statistical information in this section has beenobtained from the Oklahoma County Juvenile Center Annual Reportsfor FY88-90.

22 Reverse certification means juveniles charged with thiscrime could be handled as adults and not through the juvenilejustice system.

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These gangs are mainly individuals from Oklahoma City and areresponsible for a visible increase in street violence. It is im-possible to measure the exact extent of the problem. Conservativeestimates place total gang membership in the greater Oklahoma Cityregion at around 3,500, with some estimates as high as 9,000members. 27

The problem appears to be inextricably welded to long-standingsocioeconomic conditions. Poverty is a condition common to most ofthe areas which develop street gangs. The youth of these areashave a limited range of available economic, educational, and socialopportunities. Street gangs offer these alienated youths a meansof identity. Violence is their most basic form of language, thelowest common denominator.

Gang membership has become part of a dangerous rite of passagefor some of our children. Obviously, an urgent need exists to un-derstand and curb this phenomenon. Failure to do so will result inthe loss of more young lives to violence and a spiraling increasein juvenile crime.

While this preliminary report has focused on black streetgangs, the gang problem is not unique or confined to the black com-munity. Indeed, intelligence reports indicate the probable exist-ence of white juvenile gangs including an all white Crips set inWestern Oklahoma; the existence of well developed Hispanic gangs,and the likelihood of an Asian gang presence in Oklahoma.

27 The figure of 9,000 members is an unconfirmed estimate ofstatewide membership totals.

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APPENDIX 1

KNOWN GANG SETS IN OKLAHOMA CITY

A list of known Oklahoma City crips sets is as follows:2B

1. Blood Killer Crips (BKC). The geographic locale or number ofmembers of the BKC gang not known at this time.

2. City Girl Gangsters (CGG). The CGG gang is located along Mar-tin Luther King East, between 23rd and 36th Streets. Theextent of membership is unknown.

3. Eight Ball Posse (8-Ball). The 8-ball gang is located in thesame turf as the CGG and has an estimated 25 members.

4. Eight Trey Gangsters (8/3 or 8-tre [sic]). The 8-Trey gang islocated in the Prince Hall Village and other unknown areas.The estimated membership is 150-200 members.

5. Fonshill Crips (FSC or FSGC). The FSC gang is located betweenLottie and Martin Luther King and 23rd to 30th Streets. Ithas an estimated membership of 30.

6. Grape Street Crips (GSC). will Rogers Court apartments. Theestimated membership is 40.

7. 24 Grape Street Crips (24GSC). Will Rogers Court. This gangis an offshoot faction of the Grape Street Crips.

8. Hard Hoover Crip Gangsters (HHG/HHCG). This gang is locatedin many different areas around Oklahoma City. It is a largeset with an estimated 1,500 members.

9. 107 Hoover Crips (HH/107 or H107). This gang is located be-tween NE 16th and 23rd and Lottie and Martin Luther King andhas an estimated membership of 400.

10. Five Deuce Hoover Crips (5/2 HH or HHG). This gang is cur-rently reported to be located in Midwest City and has anestimated 100-200 members.

11. Imperial Village Crips (IVC's). Will Rogers Courts Apts. Thisgang has an estimated membership of 50-75 members.

28 The figures and estimates contained in these descriptionsare based upon information obtained from intelligence sources atthe Oklahoma Bureau of Narcotics. They are statewide membershipestimates that are not confirmed.

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12. Insane 20's (IRTC or IS/20's).west City and far Northeastestimated 50 members.

This gang is located in Mid-Oklahoma City. It has an

13. Rolling 20's Crips (R 20's or RTC). The Rolling 20's gang islocated primarily in Midwest City and has an estimated 150-200members.

14. Rolling 60's Crips (60's or RSC). Located in Northwest Okla-homa City, Midwest City, and some small factions in SouthwestOklahoma City. The estimated membership is 100.

15. Westside 60'sCrips (w/S 60' s). Located in Northwest OklahomaCity and Midwest City. The membership is estimated at 100.

16. Rolling 90's Crips (90's or RNC).homa City, Muskogee, and Ardmore.members.

Located in Northeast Okla-There are an estimated 200

17. Neighborhood Crips (N-Hood or NHC). Located between NE 23rdto 36th, and between Martin Luther King and 1-35. This ganghas an estimated 50 members.

18. Rolling Rich 100 Crips (RR 100's). This gang is located main-ly in Del City, and the extent of membership is not known.

19. 24 Karat Crips (24K). Northeast Oklahoma City, Del City, andForest Park. This gang, along with the offshoot 18 KaratCrips (18K) and 14 Karat Crips (14K), have a total of as manyas 100-125 members.

20. Playboy Gangster Crips (PGC' s) . Loca ted in Del City, thenumber of members in this gang is unknown.

21. Kelly Park Crips (KPC's). This gang is located in Edmond andthe number of members is unknown.

22. Young Boyz Inc. (YBI's). Located in Del City with an unknownmembership.

23. Westside Crips (WSC). This gang, with roots in Phoenix, Ari-zona, is located in will Rogers Courts and has approximately75 members.

24. Stevenson Village Crips (SVC's). Located in the Will Rogersand Ambassador Courts with unknown numbers. This set also hasroots in Phoenix, Arizona.

25. Mainstreet Crips (MSC). This gang is also referred to as theMainstreet Gangster Crips (MSGC' s). With ties to Phoenix,Arizona, this group is located throughout Northeast OklahomaCity and in Del City and has approximately 150 members.

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26. Southeast Village Gangster Crips (SEVGC). This gang is locat-ed in the Ambassador Courts Apartments and has approximately100-150 members.

27. Shotgun Crips (SGC) and Westside Shotgun Crips (W/S SGC's).These gangs are located throughout Northeast Oklahoma City andhave an estimated membership of 1800-2000 members.

28. Oceanside Compton Crips (OSCC). This gang, located in North-east Oklahoma City, Muskogee, and Tulsa, has an estimated 50members.

29. Westside Compton Crips (WSCC). This gang is located in North-west Oklahoma City and Tulsa, with approximately 30 members.

30. Original Tulsa Crips (OTC's). This gang is located at North-east Oklahoma City, Tulsa, Boley, and Muskogee. The number ofmembers of this gang is not known.

31. Koolies Gangster Crips (KGC's). This gang is located in thePutnam City schools Area and has approximately 50 members.

32. Pitt Center HOod Crips (PCH's). This gang is located inNortheast Oklahoma City, mainly in the Riley Leroy Pitts Parkarea. The number of members is estimated at 30.

33. Wildwood Gangster Crips (WWGC or WWCG). Located in the Wild-wood area of Northeast Oklahoma City. The number of membersis not known.

34. Underground Crips (UGC's). This gang is located in NortheastOklahoma City and Del City.

35. Third World Posse Crips (TWC). Located in the North Highlandsarea of Oklahoma City and Del City. The number of members isnot known.

36. Oakgrove Posse (OGP). Located in Kerr Village in SouthwestOklahoma City. The number of members is not known.

37. Prince Hall Villains (PHV's) and Prince Hall Village GangsterCrips (PHVGC's) are located in the Prince Hall apartments andthe Sooner Haven apartments in Northeast Oklahoma City. Themembership is estimated at 150.

38. Trey-Six Gangster Crips (3/6 GC's). Located in the SoonerHaven Apartments in Northeast Oklahoma City. Membership isestimated at 50.

39. Trey-Five-Seven Crips (357's or Tre-57). Location/membershipare unknown.

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40. Park Estates Gangster Crips (PEGC' s). Located at the Park Es-tates in Northeast Oklahoma City. Estimated membership is 90.Approximately 50% of the PEG's are reported to be claimingBlood's affiliations.

41. Musgrave Mafia and AK Assault Posse (MGM or M&M's). Locatedin the Musgrave Addition in Northeast Oklahoma City, withapproximately 50 members. There are indications that M&M'sclaim 456 Bloods affiliation, and the set is "split" betweenbeing a Crips or Bloods set.

42. Nutty Bloc Compton Crips (NBCC's). Shares territory with the24 Karat Crips. The number of members is unknown; only 8 arecurrently identified.

43. Walnut Street Gangster Crips (WGC's) The estimated membershipis unknown at this time. The location of this set is North-east Oklahoma City, between N.E. 10th and N.E. 23rd Street onwalnut Street.

The major bloods sets in Oklahoma City are as follows:

1. Banana Street Bloods (unk). The exact location and membershipof this gang are unknown.

2. Black Peastone Bloods (unk). The exact location/membership ofthis gang are unknown.

3. Bloodstone Villain Bloods (unk). The exact location andmembership of this gang are unknown.

4. Bounty Hunter Bloods (unk). The exact location and membershipof this gang are unknown, although intelligence indicates thatthis set is currently making a aggressive move to establishtheir presence as an Oklahoma faction of the Bloods.

5. City Boy Gangsters (CBG's). This gang is located in the NorthHighlands area of Northwest Oklahoma City and has an estimated75 members.

6. Cool Boy Gangsters - Membership is estimated to be 20-30 mem-bers who are currently still claiming this set. The locationis currently unknown. This gang is reported to be disbandedwith the majority of the membership moving to the 456 Pirus.

7. Eastside Piru Bloods - (ESPG). The location of this set ispredominantly Northeast Oklahoma City. Current membership isestimated at 90 to 100 members.

8. 8th Street Brims - The exact location and estimated membershipof this set is currently unknown.

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youth admissions comprised 69% of all admissions. Further, duringFY89, the Center accepted 129 youths from other counties, while inFY90 the Center only accepted 20 youths from other counties. Thismay be attributed to overcrowding. The Intake Unit at the Centerreceived 4,268 referrals involving 3679 youth during FY89 and 4,969referrals involving 4,076 youth in FY90. During FY90, 3,165 juve-niles were referred to the Center for delinquent acts as opposed to2,797 in FY89. This is a 12% increase in a one-year span. Delin-quent acts include arson, assault and battery, assault and batterywith a weapon, burglary, carrying a concealed weapon, auto theft,murder, manslaughter, rape, possession of a Controlled DangerousSubstance, robbery, and other violent crimes.

What is clear from these figures is that more juveniles arebeing arrested in Oklahoma County for violent crimes, and of thosearrested, more are black males. In fact, arrests are increasing tothe point that the Juvenile Center is experiencing what is describ-ed as chronic overcrowding. 23 Preliminary statistics for FY91indicate that the trend is continuing, with more black malejuveniles being arrested for delinquent acts.24

At the Tulsa County Juvenile Bureau, overall detention admis-sions rose by 20% in the two year period from 1988 to 1990, from1,195 to 1,429. The percentage of blacks admitted to the facilityhas risen during that same period from 52% to 56%, while the aver-age age of all detentions has dropped slightly from 15.6 years to15.3 years.25

PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS

It is the opinion of the Oklahoma State Bureau of Narcoticsthat Oklahoma has a significant problem with Crips and Bloodsstreet gangs, primarily comprised of black juveniles and coveringlarge areas of Oklahoma City and to a lesser degree, surroundingand outlying communities.26

23 Oklahoma County Juvenile Center Annual Report. FY90. Pageiii.

24 Oklahoma County Juvenile Center. Statistics from July 1990to December 1990.

25 Bill Bledsoe, Director, Tulsa County Juvenile Bureau, 1991.

26 Early indications are that the "core" of gang activity inOklahoma City can be found in and around government financedhousing projects. Intelligence indicates the same phenomenon isprobably occurring in the Tulsa area.

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9. Five Point 0 (5.0) Bloods. This set has been predominantlyseen in the far Northeast quadrant of Oklahoma County; specif-ically the Spencer and Dungee areas. Current membership isestimated at 300+ members.

10. Four Five Six Piru Bloods - (456's). This set is predominant-ly seen in the Northern half of Oklahoma City; more specifi-cally the North Highlands housing addition. It should also benoted that recent intelligence has indicated this particularset making an aggressive move to establish its presence in theEdmond, Oklahoma area. The current estimated membership is150 to 200 members.

11. Four Five Seven Piru Bloods - (457's). This set, which is anoffshoot of the 456 Pirus, is predominantly seen in the Ed-mond, Oklahoma, area. The current membership is estimated at50 to 60 members.

12. Fifty-fourth Street Piru Bloods - (Unknown). Little is knownabout this set; membership is also currently unknown.

13. Five Deuce Brims (52 Brims). The exact location andmembership of this set is currently unknown.

14. Gangster Crew Posse - (GCP's). This set is predominantly seenin the Spencer, Dungee, and Green Pastures areas of OklahomaCounty. The current membership of this set is estimated atapproximately 60 members. It should be noted that only 22 ofthese members have been identified.

15. Inglewood Family Gangster Bloods - (IFG's). This Blood fac-tion is believed to be the largest Blood set in Oklahoma withmembership estimated at 600+. This set has been seen predom-inantly in the Spencer and Midwest City, Oklahoma, areas; al-though members have been identified establishing themselves inForest Park, Tulsa and purportedly the Muskogee area. Itshould also be noted that intelligence sources purport thisset to be the most violent of the Oklahoma Blood sets.

16. Jungle Bloods - (Unknown). The location and membership ofthis set are unknown at this time.

17. Lime Street Piru Bloods - (LSPB/LSPG/LSB). This Blood set islocated predominantly in the Northern half of Oklahoma Citywith some members establishing factions in the Spencer-MidwestCity areas. This set is also a very large set with membershipranging between 200 and 300 members. It should also be notedthat this set also has been purported to have a highpropensity for violence.

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18. Musgrave Mafia - (MGM or M&M). This set has a current esti-mated membership of 50 to 100 members. The location is pre-dominantly the Musgrave housing addition in Northeast OklahomaCity. It should be noted that although listed as a Blood set,some members of this set are also split into a Crips faction.(See #41 on Crips list)

19. North Highlands Piru Posse - (NHP). The predominant locationof this set is North Highlands housing addition in NorthwestOklahoma City. The membership of this set is currently un-known; it should be noted, however, that intelligence indi-cates this set to be comprised of members from the 456, 457,and CBG Bloods sets.

20. Northside Piru Bloods - (NSPB or NSPG). This set is locatedpredominantly in the North half of Oklahoma City. Itsmembership is currently estimated at 70 to 80 members.

21. Park Estates Gangsters - (PEG's). This set is located in thePark Estates housing addition in Northeast Oklahoma City.Estimated membership is 90 members - 50% of which are a splitof the faction claiming Crips affiliation.

22. Piru Bloods - (Unknown). Location of this set is predomi-nantly the Northeast quadrant of Oklahoma County. Membershipis currently estimated at 50 members.

23. Rolling Thirties Bloods - (RTB's or 30's). This set is pre-dominantly seen in Northeast Oklahoma City and in MidwestCity. Current membership is estimated between 50 to 75members.

24. Six Deuce Brims - (62 Brims). The exact location/membershipof this set is currently unknown.

25. Shotgun Bloods - (SGB's) . This set is located throughoutNortheastern Oklahoma County with membership ranging between100 and 200 members. This set is purported to be enforcersfor the United Bloods Nation (UBN).

26. Thirty Eighth Street Pirus - (38th St.). This set is locatedin the Forest Park, Oklahoma area. Membership is estimated tobe between 15 and 20 members.

27. Tree Top Bloods - (Unknown). The location and estimatedmembership are unknown at this time.

28. Van Ness Gangsters aka: Van Nuys Gangster Bloods - (VNG's).Located throughout the Eastern half of Oklahoma County withmembership currently estimated at 300+ members. This set isclosely affiliated with the IFG Bloods and also has the sameviolent reputation.

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29. Vice Lord Gangster Bloods - (VGB's). Located predominantly inthe Spencer and Dungee areas, membership is currentlyestimated at 200+ members.

30. Westside Seventh Street Bloods - (W/S 7th St.). This set ispurported to be a Brims faction of the Bloods. The exactlocation and estimated membership are currently unknown.

31. Westside Piru Gangsters - (WPG's).are currently unknown.

Location and membership

32. PLB Bloods - (PLB's). This set has recently been observed tobe establishing their presence in the Springlake housing addi-tion located in Northeast Oklahoma City. There is no currentintelligence data related to membership or set affiliation.

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