February 2008

DIRECTIVE 2000/14/EC

of May 8, 2000

DIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND COUNCILon the approximation of the laws of the Member States

relating to the noise emission in the environmentby equipment for use outdoors

“OUTDOOR - NOISE - DIRECTIVE”

February 2008

Outdoor-Directive

The Schedule: Entry into Force 08 May 2000

National Law 03 July 2001

Stage I Binding 03 Jan. 2002

1. Reviewing 03 Jan. 2005

Stage II 03 Jan. 2006

2. Reviewing 03 Jan. 2009

postponed

February 2008

Goal of the Directive:

The guarantee of a smooth functioning of the European market.

The harmonization of mutual laws relating tonoise emissions standards of equipment and

machinery operated outdoors.

The protection of human health and human well-being.

February 2008

Measures to reach these goals:

Harmonization of noise emission standards(noise emission limits)

Harmonization of the assessment procedure for

conformity

Harmonization of noise level markings on the

engine/equipment

Data collection of noise emissions stressful to the environment

In case of non-adherence: Sales stop within the EU!

February 2008

Affected Machinery and Equipment

57 listed groups of machinery and equipment, for

the purpose of outdoor use and with own drive

– Construction machines and -equipment

– Garden- and forestry machines

– Municipal equipment

– Forklifts

– Cooling equipment on vehicles

– Piste caterpillar

Excepted: Transport of persons or goods

Army, Police, Rescue services

February 2008

The Essential Requests

Article 12

22 groups for example:

Excavators

Dumpers

Wheel loaders

Lawn movers

Mobil cranes

Landfill compactors

Compressors

Article 13

41 groups for example

Brush cutters

Suction vehicles

Glass containers

Leaf blowers

Mobile waste containers

Power sweeper

Refuse collector vehicle

Exact definition of the machine group (Annex I)

Defined procedures of measurement (Annex III, Part B)

Making safe the guarantied value by statistics

Conformity assessment following

annex VI, VII or VIII

Internal control of production V

Declaration of conformity (article 8 + annex II)

Fixing the noise label and CE-mark

Reporting to commission in Brussels and member state

Documentation has to been kept for 10 years

February 2008

Article 12 1/2

Equipment and Machinery for which

noise emission limits apply

• Builders’ hoist for transport of goods (w/ comb. engines)

• Compaction machines (vibration rollers, etc.)

• Compressors (< 350 kW)• Concrete-breakers and picks, hand-held

• Construction winches (w/ electric motor)

• Dozer (< 500 kW)

• Dumpers (< 500 kW)

• Excavators, hydraulic and rope-operated (< 500 kW)• Excavator-loaders (< 500 kW)

• Graders (< 500 kW)

• Hydraulic power packs

February 2008

Article 12 2/2

Equipment and Machinery for which

noise emission limits apply (continued)

• Landfill compactor, loader type w/bucket (< 500 kW)

• Lawn mowers (except agricultural and forestry

equipment)• Lawn trimmers / lawn edge trimmers

• Lift trucks, comb. eng. w/ rated capacity > 10 t

• Loaders (< 500 kW)

• Motor hoes (< 3 kW)

• Mobile crane• Paver-finisher (exclud. w/ high-compaction screed)

• Power generator (< 400 kW)

• Tower crane

• Welding generator

February 2008

Type of

Equipment/ Machinery

Net installed power / Electrical power

P in kW

Permissible sound power level

LWA /1 pW in dB(A)

at Stage I

03 Jan. 2002

at Stage II

03 Jan. 2006

Compaction

machines (vibrating

rollers, vibratory

plates, v. rammers)

P < 8 108 105 108

8 < P < 70 109 106 109

P > 70 89 + 11 log P 86 89 + 11 log P

Wheeled: - dozers, - loaders,

- excavator-loaders;

dumpers, graders, loader-

type landfill compactors,

combustion-engine driven

counterbalanced lift trucks,

mobile cranes, compaction

machines (non-vibrating

rollers), paver-finishers,

hydraulic power packs

P < 55

P > 55

104 101

85 + 11 log P 82 + 11 log P

Equipment subject to noise limit 1/3

February 2008

Zulässiger Schalleistungspegel L.....

Equipment/MachineryType

Tracked: Dozers, load-ers, excavator loaders

Excavators, builder’s hoists for thetransport of goods, winchesmotor hoes

Net installed power /Electrical power

P in kW

Mass m in kgat Stage I

03 Jan. 2002

at Stage II

03 Jan. 2006

Permissible sound power levelLWA /1 pW in dB(A)

Handheld concrete-breakers and picks

P < 15

P >15

96

83 + 11 log P

93

80 + 11 log P

P < 55

P > 55

106 103/106

87 + 11 log P 84/87 + 11 log P

Equipment subject to noise limit 2/3

m < 15

15 < m < 30

107 105

94 + 11 log m 92 + 11 log m

m > 30 96 + 11 log m 94 + 11 log m

February 2008

Equipment/ Machinery type

Net installed power / Electrical power

P in kW

Cutting width L in cmat Stage I

03 Jan. 2002

at Stage II

03 Jan. 2006

Permissible sound power levelLWA /1 pW in dB(A)

Tower cranes

Welding and power generators

Compressors

Lawn mowers,lawn trimmers,lawn edge trim.

(*)

P < 15

P > 15

50 < L < 70

70 < L < 120

L > 120

98 + log P 96 + log P

97 + log Pel 95 + log Pel

99 97

97 + 2 log P 95 + 2 log P

100 98

100 98

105 103 105

Equipment subject to noise limit 3/3

L < 50 96 94 96

February 2008

Article 13 1/3

Equipment and Machinery subject to Noise Marking only

• Aerial access platforms with combustion engine

• Brush cutters

• Builders hoists for transport of goods (electric)

• Building site band saw machines

• Building site circular saw benches

• Chain saws, portable

• Combined high pressure flushers and suction vehicles

• Compaction machines (explosion rammers only)

• Concrete or mortar mixers

• Construction winches (with electric motor)

• Conveying and spraying machines for concrete and motar

• Conveyor belts

• Cooling equipment on vehicles

• Drilling riggs

February 2008

Article 13 2/3

Equipment and Machinery subject to Noise Marking only

• Equipment for loading and unloading silos on tanks or trucks

• Glass recycling containers

• Grass trimmers / grass edge trimmers

• Hedge trimmers

• High pressure flushers

• High pressure water jet machines

• Hydraulic hammers

• Joint cutters

• Leaf blowers

• Leaf collectors

• Lift trucks w/ combustion engine, capacity < 10 t

• Mobile waste containers

• Paver-finisher with high-compaction screed

• Piling equipment

February 2008

• Pipelayers

• Piste caterpillers

• Power generators > 400 kW

• Power sweepers

• Refuse collection vehicles

• Road milling machines

• Scarifiers

• Shredders/chippers

• Snow-removing machines (self-propelled)

• Suction vehicles

• Trenchers

• Truck mixers

• Water pump units (not for use under water)

Article 13 3/3

Equipment and Machinery subject to Noise Marking only

February 2008

Basic Noise Emissions Standards: EN ISO 3744:1995

• Accuracy: grade 2 (engineering)

• Measuring environment: outdoors or indoors

• Criteria for suitability ofmeasuring surroundings:

• Distance to backgroundnoise: > 6 dB (if possible > 15 dB)

• Number of measuring

points: 9

• Sound level meter: Class 1 (IEC 651/804)

• Precision for determinationof LWA:

σR 1,5dB≤

K 2dB2 ≤

≥

February 2008

3

15

7

3 75

911

1

4

9

11

210

126 8

C

1210

64

B

x8

x-axle

y-axle

2

C

1, 5

m

0, 7

1 r

microphone array

on the hemnisphere

with 6 / 12

microphone positions

z-axle

Microphone

positions

Sound measuring area: 1,4 r

Radius of the

hemnisphere: r

Radius of the

hemnisphere: r

Axle of

the test-track

February 2008

Meas. path 2

Meas. path 1

Meas. path 3Reference box

Microphone array on the parallelepiped measuring surfaceaccording to ISO 3744: 1995

Reflecting surface

February 2008

LWA

L Limits

Time

Sample

Sample

K LabelLabel

Ld

Practical effects of Ld and K at constant values.

Series Series

EN ISO 4871 (3/1997)

before today

L Lim its

Time

LWA

February 2008

Guaranteed Sound power/pressure level Ld :

average value: uncertainty K:

L 1

nLi

i 1

n

==

∑ K 1,5 M≥ σ

L +K L Ld≤ ≤

L xxx dBd =

calculatedinternal by the

Manufacturer!

EU-Statement !new !

Limit

February 2008

Basics of Statistics:EN 27574 ( T1 - T4 ) : 1998 ( = ISO 7574 )

Statistical process ... Noise limits of machinery and equipment

Standard deviations -

- of a base unity: - of a random test sample:

( )σ µ=1

NLi

i 1

N

−=

∑2

s=1

n -1(L Li −

=

∑ )2

1i

n

µ = 1

NLi

i 1

N

=

∑ L = 1

n Lii 1

n

=

∑

February 2008

referencestandard deviation: σ M 1,5......3,5 dB≈

σR

σ σR P

2 2

+

σ r

σP

σ t

σ M

EN ISO 4871 : 1996

Regulates the declaration and verfication of noise emission

values of machinery and equipment.

for a family of machinery and equipment

standard deviation of repeatability:

standard deviation of reproduceability:

standard deviation of production:

total standard deviation:

the same noise source in the same labo-ratory with the same method and sameapparatus within a short time

same noise source, same method butdifferent laboratory, different operatorsdifferent apparatus at different time

different equipment from a batch of thesame family under repeatability conditions(same laboratory, operator, apparatus etc.)

=

February 2008

EN ISO 4871 A2.3Determination of noise limits to be declared for a batch of machines

Each engine to be measured j-times at repeatabilityconditions (2 times or more). Calculation of arithmetic mean for each machine:

L1

jLm mi

i=1

j

= ∑ j-measuring for each of the n machines, here machine m

For a random sample of n machines (n = 3 or more)

L=1

nLm

m=1

n

∑

Then, calculate the arithmetic mean of all n-machines:

February 2008

ISO 4871 A2.3Determination of noise limits to be declared for a batch of machines

For a random sample of n = 3 or more machines

Calculation of standard deviation of production:

Calculation of total standard deviation based proposalof Notfied Body WG:

( )( )s =

1

n -1L Lp m

m

n

−=

∑2

1

2

p

2

Rt )s( ∗+= SFσσ =R

σ Table Guidance Note

SF depends on sample size

February 2008

Verification

• Aim of verification is the surveillance of the market

• Verifications take place by authorities of member states

(or on behalf of authorities by Notified Bodies)

• Failing a verification may cause fines, order of improvement,

prohibition of selling, or skimming the profit

• On passing the authority has to pay the efforts – on failing the

manufacturer

• On pronouncing the verdict “Failed” the authority needs statistical

certainty

• The manufacturer should be sure to pass a verification

with any random (3) samples!

“Confidence is good, inspection is better!”

February 2008

EC-Testing System

A.A.

EG-Konformi-tätserklärung

G.

EC-Testing

H.B. EU-type approval

of themanufacturer- without EU-

type approvaltests

Manufacturermakesprovisions in order thatproductscomply with thedirectives

C.EC-Declarationof Conformity

of themanufacturer

Notified Body- tests certain

quality characteristics

- conductsrandominspections

both if necessary

ISO 9001Extensive quality assurance

D.

EN 29002Quality-assuranceproduction

Notified Body- approves- surveys- Manufacturer

maintains QAS,random checks

.E.

Notified Body- approves- surveys- manufacturer

inspects eachproduct

Notified Body- conducts single

tests withoutconstruction

EU-type approvaltesting

Notified Body- approves- surveys- QA-systemwarrantsproductcompliancewith directives

Appointed Body- conducts EU-type approval-tests

Single unit test

EC-ConformityDeclaration

EC-Declarationof Conformity

EC-Declarationof Conformity

EC-Declarationof Conformity

EN 29002Quality-assuranceproducts

February 2008

Conformity Assessmentof Machinery and Equipment for Use Outdoors

Annex V Annex VI Annex VII Annex VIII

internalproduction

control

internal productioncontrol withassessment

single unit testingFull quality assuranceDescription

Manufacturer

Notified Body

Applicable toequipment

without limit(module A)

Machinery and equipment with fixed limits

measures, declares conformity, labels, documents

(services rendered, if nec.)

QAS ISO 9001measures, declaresconformity, labels,

documents

audits manufacturer(experts audit)

measures eachindividual machine

declares conformity, labels, documents

checks documents, surveys production

(by randommeasuring)

measures, declares conformity, labels, documents

February 2008

Procedure According to Annex VI

• Technical Documentation to Notified Body

– Name, type, relevant technical data, drawings

– Test record of noise emission corresponding to Directive

– Result of K estimate on account of production and

reproducibility standard deviations

• Review of Documentation by Notified Body prior to

placing on the market

• Assessment by Notified Body during production

Internal Control of Production with Assessment

February 2008

Procedure According to Annex VII

• Application of the manufacturer to Notified Body

• Submission of Technical Data

• Notified Body conducts noise emission test orlets others do the testing

• Notified Body issues Conformity Certificate accordingto Annex X

Single Unit Testing

Measured Value = Label affixed to the Equipment

The Uncertainty is not taken into consideration

February 2008

Procedure According to Annex VIII

• Manufacturer applies for the assessment of his QA-System and signs contract

• Manufacturer supplies proof that the quality assurance systemwarrants the compliance of his products with the Directive

• Notified Body assesses the quality assurance system

(expert audit)

• Self surveillance under the responsibility of the Notified Body

– Manufacturer tests himself, determines K and declares conformity (CE)

– Manufacturer reports results to Notified Body

– Notified Body regularly conducts verifications

Full Quality Assurance

Requirements: Manufacturer has been certifredaccording to ISO 9001

February 2008

The new CE-Conformity Labeling

The CE-mark and the label of theguaranteed sound power level must both

be affixed to the machine

February 2008

1/3

2/3

LWA

in dB

P in kW

The intent of the EU is not apparent, but ....

.....on 03 Jan. 2005, at the latest, the Commission will present to the European Parliament a report on experiences, etc. (Article 20).

postponed

February 2008

85

70

Noise Emission Labeling according to EC-Machinery Directive

Acoustics

LpCpeak

LWA

LpA

LpAAn LpA < 70 dB

must beindicated as

follows:

LpA < 70 dB

At an LpA

over 70 dB itsvalue must be

indicated

as follows:

LpA = 80 dB

At an LpA over85 dB the values for

LpA and LWA

must be indicated, i.e.:

LpA = 96 dB

LWA = 104 dB

At an LpC

over 130 dB itsvalue must beindicated in

addition to LpA

and LWA i.e.:

LpA

130

dB

LpCpeak =130dB