Ppt on Probe Report (Statistics)

8/14/2019 Ppt on Probe Report (Statistics)

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Elementary education in India: Progress sinceIndependence

Facts

MythsSchooling and family

Parental views on education

Gender Bias


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Does the increase in number of

scientists, doctors, lawyers andwriters measure the elementaryeducation success in India?


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The answer is definitely NO. Its not a secret that we are lagging

behind in elementary education.

But YES the enormity of theproblem is underestimated.

Hundreds of millions of Indians

continue to be deprived of theopportunity to learn.


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Half of the countrys population wasunable to read and write.

Less that 30 per cent of all the adults

had completed eight years ofschooling.

One-third of all children of age 6-14

years were out of school (about 23million boys and 36 million girls).


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0

2

46

8

10

12

SOUTH

KOREA

SRI

LANKA

CHINA INDIA

MALEFEMALE

YEARS

(AGE 25+)


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FACT 2:

HIGH DISPARITIES


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0

10

20

30

4050

60

70

80

90

100

KERALA

(URBAN

MALE)

KERALA

(RURAL

FEMALE)

INDIA

(URBAN)

INDIA

(RURAL)

INDIA (RURAL

SC)

INDIA (RURAL

SC FEMALE)

RAJASTHAN

(RURAL SC

FEMALE)

Literacyrate

(age 7+)

Census of India: 1991


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FACT 3:

SLOW PROGRESS


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Non-formal education

Total literacy campaign


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They are of supplementary and ad-hocnature

No sign of major improvement

No indication of elementary educationbecoming a major political concern


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YES

NO

NO RESPONSE

Is it important for a boy to be

educated?

98%

1%


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YES

NO

NO RESPONSE89%

10%


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MYTH 2:

Child labour is the mainobstacle


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Boys Girls

Proportion who worked more than 8 hours on the day

preceding the survey

20% 22%

Proportion who performed wage labour on the daypreceding the survey

5% 1%

Average time of work on the day preceding the survey 4.2hours

5.1hours

Extra time of work, compared with children who areattending school

2.1hours

2.2hours


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MYTH 3:

Elementary education is free


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Primary Level

NSS estimate, 1986-7 212

PROBE estimate, 1996 318

Elementary Level

NCAER estimate, 1994 478


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MYTH 4:

Schools are available


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0

20

40

60

80

100

A primary school / section

An upper-primary school /

India-

97:57

PROBE

states-92:49

Proportion(%) of rural population living within 1km of:


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Schooling

And

Family


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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1986-7 1996

55

19


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Parental views

on Education


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Is it important for a boy

to be educated?

Is it important for a girl to

be educated?

If yes, why?

(most frequently-cited reasons)

Yes 98% Yes 89%

Boys

1. Improves employmentand income opportunities 87

2. Improves social status 29

3. Improves self-confidence

or self-esteem 24

Girls

1. Help to write letters and

keep accounts 50

2. Improves employment

and income opportunities 40

3. Improves marriage prospects 35


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The Gender Bias


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not at all below

grade 5

up to

grade 5

up to

grade 8

up to

grade 10

beyond

garde 12

as far as

possible

Daughter

Son

How far would you like your son/daughter to study?

(Percentage of responses)

7 1 3 0

10

1

18

3

20

1115

28 28

57

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Ppt on Probe Report (Statistics)