S N E L , S N E L , THE STATE POWER THE STATE POWER

UTILITY OF THE DRCUTILITY OF THE DRCPRESENTPRESENT

POWER HIGHWAYS FROM INGA SITE IN DRC

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO

SOCIETE NATIONALE

D’ELECTRICITE

1. INTRODUCTION : DRC HYDRO POTENTIAL

3. POWER HIGHWAYS

4. CONCLUSION

3.1 Definition of Power Highways Concept

2. INGA HYDROELECTRIC SITE

2.1 Location and characteristics

2.2 Development scheme

3.2 Existing Interconnections

3.3 Planned Interconnections

2.3 Existing and future Installations

3.4 Investment Costs

3.5 Implementation of the Projects

MatadiMoanda

Lukula

Tshela

Inga

SangaKikwit

Masi-

Kenge Mweka

Tshikapa

Kananga

Lungudi

TshalaLubilanji

Kabinda

Kaniama

Mbanza-

Kongolo

Kabalo

Kasongo

Kalemie

Kindu

Goma

Bukavu

Kisangani

Bandundu

BulunguIlebo

Tembo

Idiofa

InongoInongo

MbandakaBoende

Basankusu

Lisala Bumba

GbadoliteLibenge

Zongo

Gemena

Mobayi

Buta

Kyimbi

Kamina

Beni

Butembo

Kilubi

KolweziLikasi

Lubumbashi

Boma

NsekeNzilo

KoniM´sha

Piana Mwanga

Lepudungu

Nepoko

Mugombe

KakobolaKitona

Katende

Gungu

Kinshasa

Kamimbi

Ruzizi

Yangambi

Isiro

Kisalala

Rutshuru

Semliki

manimba

Bamba

Feshi

Kahemba

Kasongo-

PopokabakaNgungu

Kimvula

Seke-Banza

Lunda

Zongo

Bagata

Mushie

Kutu

Inongo

Kiri

Oshwe

Mbuji Mayi

DembaDimbelenge

LusamboLubefu

Lodja

Kole

Katako-Kombe

Luebo

Dekese

Kazumba

Mwene-Ditu

Luiza

Lubao

Sakania

Kipushi

Tshopo

Mpozo

Mitwaba

ManonoMoba

Bukama

Malemba-Nkulu

Kasenga

NyunzuMani

Kabongo

Dilolo

Sandoa

Kapanga

Luozi

Kasanza

Ingende

Bikoro

Ruki

BefaleBolomba

Bongandanga

Bomongo

BudjalaKungu

Bosobolo

Businga

Monkoto

Bokungu

Ikela

Djolu

Bumba Aketi

DingilaBambesa

AngoBondo

Poko

Niangara

Rungu

M’zoro

Faradje

Mahagi

AruWatsa

Wamba

Bafwasende

BanaliaBasokoBengamisa

Isangi

YahumaBabeba

WageniaWanie-Rukula

UbunduOpala

MambasaIrumu

Budana

Bunia

SoleniamaDjugu

Kibombo

Fizi

MangembeKampene

PangiUvira

MwengaMungombe

WalunguShabunda

Moga

Shabunda

LulinguKabare

Kalehe

Existing 220 kV transmission line

Line in project

HVDC Inga - Kolwezi

Existing hydro power plant

Hydro power plant in project

Existing 110 - 132 kV transmission line

Existing thermal power plant

Legend

100 2000 300 400 500

Kilometers

1.1.1.1. DRC HYDRO SITESDRC HYDRO SITESDRC HYDRO SITESDRC HYDRO SITES

ANDANDANDAND

POTENTIALPOTENTIALPOTENTIALPOTENTIAL

Hydro potential : 100.000 MW OF WHICH

� 56.000 MW at different sites spread all over the country ;

� 44.000 MW concentrated at the Inga site.

Equator

2.1 INGA SITE LOCATION

IIIIN N N N THE DEMOCRATICTHE DEMOCRATICTHE DEMOCRATICTHE DEMOCRATIC

REPUBLIC OF CONGOREPUBLIC OF CONGOREPUBLIC OF CONGOREPUBLIC OF CONGO

MatadiMoanda

Tshela

Boma

Kinshasa

Mbanza-NgunguINGA

15O km

225 km

* 225 km DOWNSTREAM FROMKINSHASA

* 150 km UPSTREAM BEFORETHE MOUTH OF THE CONGORIVER

DRC

2.1 INGA SITE CHARACTERISTICS

a) EXCEPTIONNALLY

REGULAR RIVER FLOW

CONGO RIVER BASIN

- Basin Surface : 3.800.000 km2

- DRC Surface : 2.345.000 km2 Congo River

- On either side of the EquatorEquator

J F M A M J J A S O N D

60 000

MONTH

2.1 INGA SITE CHARACTERISTICS (ii)

b) SIGNIFICANT RIVER FLOW

Inter-annual Module40.000 m3/s

Historical Min (1905) :21.400 m3/s

Historical Max (1961) :83.400 m3/s

10 000

20 000

30 000

40 000

50 000

AV

ER

AG

ER

IVE

R F

LOW

(m3 /

s)

0

c) SIGNIFICANT NATURAL

SLOPE

102 m on a straight

distance of 15 km only

d) APPROPRIATE

TOPOGRAPHY FOR

FOR A PROGRESSIVE

EQUIPMENT OF THE

SITE

2.1 INGA SITE CHARACTERISTICS (iii)

INGA SITE GENERAL

VIEWSIKILA Island

15 k

m

BU

ND

I R

iver

EO

N

S

e) LOW GENERATION

COSTSf)

POTENTIAL

OF SITE

± 44.000 MW

320 TWh/year

WILD

ENERGY

WASTED

INGA =

MOST POWERFULHYDRO-POWERIN THE WORLD

� Installed kW :

671 to 339 USD/kW

� Produced Energy :

1,44 to 1,08 USc/kWh

Before :•

- «Three Gorges» (China) : 18.000 MW- «Itaipu» (Brazil/Paraguay) : 12.000 MW

2.1 INGA SITE CHARACTERISTICS (iv)

2.2 DEVELOPMENT SCHEME

MAIN WORKS

Dam the River

Evacuators

Restitution Channels

Water intake Channels

Inga I

Inga II

Inga III

Grand Inga

Matamba Dam

Bundi Dam

2. 3 EXISTING POWER STATIONS

INGA I INGA II

Commissioned in

Water head (m)

TurbineWater flow (m 3/s)

Number of units

Installed Capacity (MW)

Production (TWh/an)

1972

50

780

6

351

2,4

1982

58

2.800

8

1.424

10,4

INGA I

INGA II

INGA I

2.4 PLANNED POWER STATIONS

INGA III Gd INGA

Water head (m)

TurbineWater flow (m 3/s)

Number of units

Installed Capacity (MW)

Production (TWh/an)

60

6.300

16

3.500

23,5

150

26.400

52

39.000

288,0

GRAND INGA

INGA 3

3.1DEFINITION OF

POWER HIGHWAY CONCEPT

POWER HIGHWAY

=

LARGE POWER

Pmin = 1000 MW

TRANSMISSION

CORRIDOR

POWER HIGHWAYS FROM INGA SITE

Northern Route

North Route (alternative route)

Southern Route (Eastern corridor)

Southern Route (Western corridor)

Western Route

LEGEND

Existing sub-Stations

Planned sub-Stations

� Interconnection Projects

� Converter Sub-Stations

CO

NG

O

LIBYEALGERIE

MAROC TU

NIS

IE

NIGERMALI

MAURITANIE

SAH

ARA O

cc.

COTED’IVOIRE

GUINEE

GH

AN

A

TO

GO

BE

NIN

SENEGALGAMBIE

SIERRA LEONE LIBERIA

BURKINAFASO

GUINEE EQU.

LESOTHO

SWAZILAND

MO

ZAM

BIQUE

MA

DA

GA

SC

AR

MA

LA

WI

TANZANIA

KENYA

OU

GAN

DA

R.

B.

SOM

ALIE

ETHIOPIE

DJIBOUTI

ERITREE

GUINEE-BISSAU

COMORES

SAO TOME &PRINCIPE

TCHADSOUDAN

RCA

NIGERIA

ANGOLA

AFRIQUE DU SUD

BOTSWANA

INGAINGAINGAINGA

EGYPTE

CAMEROUN

GABON

NAMIBIE

ZIMBABWE

ZAMBIE

REP. DEM. CONGO

3.2 EXISTING INTERCONNECTORS

RSA

DEM. REP. OF CONGO

Voltage Type

Length (km)

Line Capacity (MW)

Capacity ofConverters (MW)

Remarks

SPECIAL SECTIONS

Inga - Kolwezi

DC

1.774

1.120

560

Plannedrehabilitation

and upgrading

Karavia - Luano

AC

144

340

-

Plannedreinforcement

INGA

Karavia

Matimba

Luano

Kariba N/S

Phokoje

Kolwezi

Insukamini

DRC-ZAMBIA-ZIMBABWE-BOTSWANA-SA Interconnection : 3.676 km

( Inga - Kolwezi - Karavia - Luano - Kariba North -

- Kariba South - Insukamini – Phokoje - Matimba )

3.3 PLANNING INTERCONNECTORS (i)« Northern Highway »

Voltage type

Length

Power Demand

Converter Stations

Tapping Stations

Investment Cost(by 2012)

Studies Completed

Direct current

5.300 km

4.000 MW (ph.1)

- Inga (DRC) - Cairo (Egypt)

- Boali (CAR)- El Fasher/Sudan

5.753 Mio USD

- Pre feasibility (1994) - feasibility (1997)

NORTHERN HIGHWAY(Inga – Boali – El Fasher - Cairo)

Dem. Rep. Of CONGO

TCHADEl Fasher

RCA

EGYPTE

INGA

SOUDAN

Boali

Le Caire

3.3 PLANNING INTERCONNECTORS (ii)« Southern Highway - Eastern Corridor »

Voltage type

Length

Power Demand

Converter Stations

Investment Cost(by 2007)

Study completed

mixed AC/DC

3.676 km

1.000 MW(after upgrading)

- Inga (DRC) - Kolwezi (DRC)

569 Mio USD

feasibility (1997)

SOUTHERN HIGHWAYEastern Corridor

(Inga-Luano-Kariba-Insukamini-Matimba)

ZAMBIE

ZIMBABWE

AFRIQUE DU SUD

Dem. Rep. OF CONGO

INGA

Karavia

Matimba

Luano

Kariba N/S

PhokojeBOTSWANA

Kolwezi

Insukamini

3.3 PLANNING INTERCONNECTORS (iii)« Southern Highway – Western corridor »

Voltage type

Length

Power Demand

Converter Stations

Investment Cost(by 2009)

Study completed

mixed AC/DC

2.734 km

1.000 MW

- Cambambe(Angola)

- Auas (Namibia)

1.052 Mio USD

Pre feasibility(1998)

SOUTHERN HIGHWAYWESTERN Corridor

(Inga – Cambambe – Auas – Aries)

ANGOLA

NAMIBIE

AFRIQUE DU SUD

Dem. Rep. Of CONGO

INGA

Cambambe

Aries

Auas

3.3 PLANNING INTERCONNECTORS (iv)« Western Highway »

Voltage type

Length

Power Demand

Converter Stations

Tapping Station

Investment Cost(by 2007)

Study completed

Direct Current

1.600 km

6.000 MW (Ph.1)

- Inga (DRC) - Calabar (Nigeria)

(Cameroon)

600 Mio USD

pre-evaluation(1998)

WESTERN HIGHWAY(Inga – Lagos)

Dem. Rep. Of CONGOCO

NG

O

GABON

CAMEROUN

NIGERIA

NIGERMALI

ivoryCOAST G

HA

NA

TO

GO

BE

NIN

BURKINAFASO

GUINEE EQU.

SAO TOME &PRINCIPE

INGA

Calabar

3.4 SUMMARY TABLE OF INVESTMENT COSTS

Inga 1 & 2 Rehabilitation• Installed Capacity (MW)• Guaranteed Cap. (MW)• Invest. Cost (Mio USD)

Inga 3 Power Station• Installed Capacity (MW)• Guaranteed Cap. (MW)• Invest. Cost (Mio USD)

Grand Inga Power Station• Installed Capacity (MW)• Guaranteed Cap. (MW)• Invest. Cost (Mio USD)

Power HighwaysInvestment Costs (Mio USD)

• Northern Highway• Southern Highway /East• Southern Highway /West• Western Highway

Total Cost (in Mio USD)

BY THE YEAR

2007 2012 2017 2023TOTAL

-569

-600

2009

6.0004.0004.024

1.7751.540103

3.5002.7503.500

5.753 --x

--

1.052

1.272 4.552 > 9.777

12.7508.0001.471

4.858 ---

19.50012.0001.471

4.649 ---

6.329 6.200

103

3.500

6.966

15.260569

1052> 600

> 28.050

THUS , INGA RAPIDS WHICH

� YESTERDAY WERE

� A major Obstacle for navigation

� ARE TO DAY

� a factor of development of African Cooperation

� a factor of peace and stability between Africannations

� a back up for Africa’s industrial integration through the NEPAD

� a factor of environment preservation for thosecountries that will be receiving energy from Inga