Power-GEN Middle Eastst-events.gepower.com/_downloads/presentations/pgme/E-F-class_An... · bearing fuels (i.e., ... Primary fuel distribution 9 Proven gas turbine fuel flexibility

© 2014, General Electric Company. Proprietary information. All rights reserved.

Abu Dhabi, UAE | 12-14, October 2014

Power-GEN Middle East

Jeffrey Goldmeer, Ph.D.

E-class to F-class and beyond: an enabler for improved customer economics


© 2014, General Electric Company.

GE Proprietary Information - The information contained in this document is

General Electric Company (GE) proprietary information. It is the property of GE

and shall not be used, disclosed to others or reproduced without the express

written consent of GE, including, but without limitation, in the creation,

manufacture, development, or derivation of any repairs, modifications, spare

parts, or configuration changes or to obtain government or regulatory approval

to do so, if consent is given for reproduction in whole or in part, this notice and

the notice set forth on each page of this document shall appear in any such

reproduction in whole or in part. The information contained in this document may

also be controlled by the US export control laws. Unauthorized export or re-

export is prohibited.

GE Power & Water

All relative statements are with respect to GE technology unless otherwise noted.

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Outline

• Middle East power generation paradigm shift

• GE fuel flex experience

• E and F-class expanded fuel flex capabilities

• Summary


Middle East power generation paradigm shift


• Middle East governments are becoming more focused on enhancing the value from their domestic fossil fuel resources

• This is creating a shift to more efficient power generation

• In the case of gas turbines, this shift is evident in the transition from E to F-class gas turbines

• Consequently, F-class turbines may be required to operate on a wider variety of fuels

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Paradigm shift


Fu

els

P

ow

er

pla

nts

Example: Saudi Arabia power generation shift

F (and potentially HA) class combined cycle

power plants

Heavy fuel oil, crude oils

Natural gas,¹ crude oils

Crude oil, distillate

Steam boiler power plants

E-class simple cycle power

plants

F-class combined cycle

power plants

Natural gas, distillate

Past Future Present

The shift to natural gas along with a parallel effort to increase energy efficiency

has led to a shift in power generation technology

¹ Both associated and non-associated gas

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GE fuel flex experience


Proven DLN combustion systems

• 200,000 fired hours on GE’s H-class DLN2.5 combustion system

• 28 million fired hours on GE’s DLN1/1+ combustion systems on B and E-class gas turbines

• 46 million fired hours on GE’s F-class DLN2.X combustion systems, which includes the DLN2.6 and DLN2.6+ combustors



• Gaseous fuels: natural gas, LNG, and a wide range of process and low calorific value fuels

• Liquid fuels: distillate oil, light distillates (i.e., naphtha), and ash-bearing fuels (i.e., crude oil, heavy fuel oil and residual oil) N

um

be

r o

f g

as

turb

ine

s

Primary fuel distribution

9

Proven gas turbine fuel flexibility World-leading experience on a wide range of gas and liquid fuels

GE’s heavy-duty gas turbines have accumulated more than 10 million operating hours on liquid and non-natural gas fuels


• Lab capabilities:

− Full pressure, temperature, and flow

− Fuel blending capability for H2, N2, CO, CO2, H2O, and a variety of non-methane hydrocarbons

− Monitoring emissions and operability characteristics at full load & part load conditions

− Full scale combustion tests allow evaluation of new combustion concepts, and technologies being transferred from one platform to another, over a wide range of operating conditions

State of the art combustion test facility A key to developing advanced technology


E-Class Expanded Capabilities

Customers continue to use highly reliable E-class gas turbines to support reduced emissions and increased fuel flexibility



Evolution of E-class emissions N

Ox (

ton

s) /

MW

-ye

ar

‘90 ‘95 ‘06 ‘00

DLN1+

DLN1

15 PPM

Water Injected

42 PPM

5 PPM

Frame DLN1 & DLN1+

6B.03 225+

7E.03 440+

9E 200+

DLN fleet experience

‘08

4 PPM


• New fuel flex capabilities demonstrated using GE’s full scale combustion test facility in Greenville, SC

− 10 full scale test cells

− Full flow, temperature and pressure

− Enhanced gas blending capability, including: H2, C2H6, C3H8, etc.

• Expanded DLN fuel capabilities reflect needs for operability on a wider range of non-methane hydrocarbons

Increased fuel flexibility for B and E-class gas turbines Supporting refinery, petrochemical and shale gas applications

Fuel components

Hydrogen (H2)

Ethane (C2H6)

Ethylene (C2H4)

Propane (C3H8)

Propylene (C3H6)

Butane (C4H10)


F-Class Expanded Capabilities • Expanded higher hydrocarbon limits

• Arabian Super Light crude oil


Expanding non-methane hydrocarbon fuel limits

DL

N1

D

LN

2

DL

N2

.6+

• Relying on learnings from E-class combustion systems through field experience and combustion testing

• Increasing the allowed levels of non-methane species in gas fuels in F-class DLN combustion systems

• Pushing the allowable Modified Wobbe Index* range from ~20% up to ~30% based on specific frame and required emissions - this increase can support a variety of fuel applications, including increased ethane content (i.e., shale gas), switching between NG and LNG sources, etc.

Ev

olu

tio

n o

f D

NL

co

mb

ust

ion

te

chn

olo

gy

* Modified Wobbe Index = Lower Heating Value/√(specific gravity of the fuel∗ fuel temperature)


Example: Response to shale gas transients

Gas heating value

variability

1,000

1,150

~70 Btu/SCF (~7% MWI) change in ~30 min

He

ati

ng

va

lue

(Btu

/SC

F)

~90 Btu/SCF (~9% MWI) change in ~45 min

By adjusting GT operating parameters, the OpFlex*

AutoTune system maintained stable gas turbines

output

*Trademark of General Electric Company.


New F-class fuel flex capability Arabian Super Light (ASL) crude oil operation in a DLN combustor

Distillate oil #2

ASL crude oil

• Changing power generation fuel requirements in Saudi Arabia are shifting back-up fuels from distillate oil to crude oils

• In support of this initiative GE evaluated the potential of using ASL crude oil in a F-class DLN combustor

• The evaluation process included a number of steps: • Fuel characterization • Ignition studies • Combustor operability

Gas turbine operation on ASL

• A field test was successfully performed on a 7F.04 gas turbine in Saudi Arabia

• Commissioning of ASL was completed successfully at PP11

Based on the successful results of this evaluation process, GE offered ASL as a back-up fuel for multiple projects in Saudi Arabia. GE will have more

than 25 7F gas turbines in Saudi Arabia capable of operating on ASL.


Summary

• GE’s combustion test facility enables evaluation of almost any fuel composition at full-scale conditions.

• This enables GE’s heavy-duty gas turbines to have industry leading fuel flex capabilities.

• Combining GE’s extensive DLN field experience with state-of-the–art combustion test capabilities allows GE gas turbines to have industry leading performance with lower emissions, and better operability over a wide range conditions

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Power-GEN Middle Eastst-events.gepower.com/_downloads/presentations/pgme/E-F-class_An... · bearing fuels (i.e., ... Primary fuel distribution 9 Proven gas turbine fuel flexibility