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Rationale
• Renewed impetus to understand poverty from a multidimensional perspective
• Living on low income is about more than simply having insufficient money
• Many poor households face multiple & different sets of problems
• Analysis to understand and visualise the lived experience of poverty
2
Overview of methodology
Demos polling - stakeholder engagement - academic literature
Selecting poverty indicators
Qualitative interviews with familiesVerifying poverty experiences
Developing a toolkit to guide policy makers and practitioners
Solutions for each poverty typeTesting the analysis at local level
Replication with local data
Secondary analysis of Understanding Society datasetCreating poverty types
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Analysis of Understanding Society W1
Twenty indicators applied to households with income below 70% of the median
Indicators across range of domains:• Finances• Material deprivation• Work and education• Housing• Health and well-being• Social networks• Local area
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Creating poverty types
Poverty types formed by the combinations of indicators that clustered most frequently for low-income households
Higher incomes
Low income
Type 1
Type 2
Type 3
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5 child poverty types
72%
Above 70% median income
Grafters
Full house families
Pressured parents
Vulnerable mothers
Managing mothers
72%
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Describing the child poverty types
Full-house families
Tend to be very large households, containing multiple adults and young children.
Grafters
Likely to be in low paid work or recently made unemployed due to recession. Owner occupiers.
Pressured parents
Living predominantly in rented properties, are extremely deprived in terms of lifestyle as well as material measures.
Vulnerable mothers
Consisting of single parents families and, most usually, young single mothers, they are the most deprived group.
Managing mothers
Again consisting of single parent families, they tend to be slightly older mums with older children. Most feel they are ‘getting by’.
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‘Vulnerable mothers’
Consisting of single parents families and, most usually, young single mothers, they are the most deprived group
• Material deprivation• No private transport• Workless• Deprived neighbourhood• Young mothers• With young children• Social renters
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‘Managing mothers’
Again consisting of single parent families, they tend to be slightly older mums with older children. Most feel they are ‘getting by’
• Some with mental health problems• Some working part-time• School-aged children• Private renters• Aged 30s-40s
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Implications from the research
Prevents people from viewing people in poverty as a homogenous low-income group
Raises awareness of, and tackles misconceptions about, people in poverty
Helps guide policy makers and practitioners to target particular groups with potentially holistic and multi-agency solutions
Provides rich source of data about income-poor households with different ‘experiences’ of poverty
Not a new ‘measure’ of poverty…
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Distinctions for the consultation
PovertyLacking access to necessary
material resourcesUse: Monitor progress
Drivers of PovertyDirectly (indirectly)
lead to povertyUse: Identify key causes/solutions
Poverty outcomesLater scarring effects
Use: Show consequences of poverty
Low income
Deprivation
Worklessness
Underemployment
Low wages
Low skills
Poor health
Child development
Aspirations
Well-being Debt
Characteristics of PovertyDisadvantages that can occur alongside poverty
Use: Illustrate lived experience
Bad housing
Labour market
Benefit system
etc13
Thank you
NatCen Social Research35 Northampton SquareLondon EC1V 0AX020 7250 1866www.natcen.ac.uk
www.demos.co.uk/poverty
www.understandingsociety.ac.uk/podcasts/2013/09
