Potato SARP - Final - 2 Jan 2017 · 2019. 5. 9. · Potato SARP - January 2017 Page 2 of 105 pages Horticulture Innovation Australia Limited Project Number: MT10029 – Managing pesticide

Potato SARP - January 2017 Page 1 of 105 pages

Potato SARP

(Strategic Agrichemical Review Process)

2016

HIA Project - MT10029


Horticulture Innovation Australia Limited Project Number: MT10029 – Managing pesticide access in horticulture. Contact: Jodie Pedrana Horticulture Innovation Australia Limited PO Box 12996, George Street Brisbane QLD 4003 Ph: 0404 314 751 Email: [email protected] SARP Coordinator: Neil McLaren Consultant - Horticulture & Agriculture Ph: 0400 363 570 Email: [email protected] Purpose of the report: To investigate the pest problem, agrichemical usage and pest management alternatives for the potato industry across Australia. The information in this report will assist the industry with its agrichemical selection and usage into the future. Funding sources: MT10029 - This project has been funded by Horticulture Innovation Australia Limited using the vegetable industry levy and across industry funds with matched funds from the Australian Government. Date of report: 2nd January 2017 Disclaimer: Horticulture Innovation Australia Limited (HIA Ltd) makes no representations and expressly disclaims all warranties (to the extent permitted by law) about the accuracy, completeness, or currency of information in the Potato SARP Report. Users of this material should take independent action before relying on its accuracy in any way. Reliance on any information provided by HIA Ltd is entirely at your own risk. HIA Ltd is not responsible for, and will not be liable for, any loss, damage, claim, expense, cost (including legal costs) or other liability arising in any way (including from HIA Ltd or any other person’s negligence or otherwise) from your use or non-use of the Potato SARP Report, or from reliance on information contained in the material or that HIA Ltd provides to you by any other means.


Contents:

1. Summary ..................................................................................................................... 6

2. The Australian Potato Industry ................................................................................... 9

3. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 103.1. Background ......................................................................................... 103.2. Minor use permits and registration .................................................... 113.3. Methods .............................................................................................. 123.4. Results and discussions ...................................................................... 12

3.4.1. Detail ................................................................................................ 123.4.2 Appendices ......................................................................................... 12

4. Pests and diseases of potatoes ................................................................................. 134.1 Diseases of potatoes ............................................................................ 13

4.1.1 Priority diseases .................................................................................. 134.1.2 Available and potential products for diseases ........................................ 18

Bacterial Soft Rot - Post harvest ..................................................................................... 18Bacterial Wilt ................................................................................................................ 18Black Dot/Anthracnose .................................................................................................. 18Common Scab ............................................................................................................... 18Fusarium Dry Rot .......................................................................................................... 19Gangrene ..................................................................................................................... 19Irish (Late) Blight .......................................................................................................... 19Pink Rot ....................................................................................................................... 21Potato Virus Y - PVY ...................................................................................................... 21Potato Virus X - PVX ...................................................................................................... 21Powdery Scab ............................................................................................................... 21Rhizoctonia Rot / Black Scurf ......................................................................................... 21Sclerotinia Rot ............................................................................................................... 22Silver Scurf ................................................................................................................... 23Target Spot / Early Blight ............................................................................................... 24Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus - TSWV ................................................................................. 25Verticillium Wilt ............................................................................................................. 26

4.1.3 Priorities for action for disease control ................................................... 274.2 Insects and mite pests of potatoes ...................................................... 30

4.2.1 Insect and mite pest priorities .............................................................. 304.2.2 Available and potential products for insect and mite pests ...................... 33

African Black Beetle ....................................................................................................... 33Aphids .......................................................................................................................... 34- Black Peach Aphid ....................................................................................................... 34- Green Peach Aphid ...................................................................................................... 34- Potato Aphid ............................................................................................................... 34Common or European Earwig ......................................................................................... 35Crickets ........................................................................................................................ 36


- Black Field Cricket ....................................................................................................... 36- Australian Mole Cricket ................................................................................................ 36Cutworms ..................................................................................................................... 37Grasshoppers ................................................................................................................ 37Green Vegetable Bug - GVB ........................................................................................... 38Heliothis ....................................................................................................................... 38Jassids ......................................................................................................................... 39Leaf Eating Ladybirds .................................................................................................... 40Lightbrown Apple Moth - LBAM ...................................................................................... 40Loopers - including Australian Cabbage Looper ................................................................ 41Potato Moth / ................................................................................................................ 41Potato Leafminer ........................................................................................................... 41Redlegged Earth Mite - RLEM ......................................................................................... 42Rutherglen Bug ............................................................................................................. 43Silverleaf Whitefly ......................................................................................................... 44Thrips ........................................................................................................................... 44- Onion Thrip ................................................................................................................ 44- Tomato Thrip ............................................................................................................. 44Two-Spotted/Red Spider Mite - TSM ............................................................................... 46Weevils ........................................................................................................................ 47- Garden Weevil ............................................................................................................ 47- Spotted Vegetable Weevil, Carrot Weevil, Maculate Curculio ........................................... 47- Spotted Vegetable Weevil ............................................................................................ 47- Vegetable Weevil ........................................................................................................ 47Whitefringed Weevil ...................................................................................................... 47Wingless Grasshopper ................................................................................................... 48Wireworms ................................................................................................................... 49- Potato Wireworm ........................................................................................................ 49

4.2.3 Priorities for action for insect and mite pests .......................................... 51Loopers - including Australian Cabbage Looper ................................................................ 54Potato Moth / Potato Leafminer ...................................................................................... 54Weevils ........................................................................................................................ 56- Garden Weevil ............................................................................................................ 56- Spotted Vegetable Weevil, Carrot Weevil, Maculate Curculio ........................................... 56- Spotted Vegetable Weevil ............................................................................................ 56- Vegetable Weevil ........................................................................................................ 56

4.3 Other invertebrate pests in potatoes .................................................... 584.3.1 Other invertebrate pests ....................................................................... 584.3.2 Available and potential products for other invertebrate pests ................... 59

Nematodes ................................................................................................................... 59


- Potato Cyst Nematode - PCN ....................................................................................... 59- Root Knot Nematode - RKN ......................................................................................... 59- Root Lesion Nematode - RLN ....................................................................................... 59

4.3.3 Priorities for action for other invertebrate pests ...................................... 604.4 Plant growth regulator used in potatoes .............................................. 61

4.4.1 Plant growth regulator options and priorities .......................................... 614.4.2 Available and potential plant growth regulators ..................................... 61

4.5 Weeds in potatoes ............................................................................... 624.5.1 Weed priorities ..................................................................................... 624.5.2 Available and potential herbicides for specific weeds .............................. 65

Amaranths .................................................................................................................... 65Annual Rye Grass .......................................................................................................... 66Barnyard Grass ............................................................................................................. 66English Couch, Quick Grass, Twitch Grass ....................................................................... 67Fat Hen ........................................................................................................................ 68Fleabane ...................................................................................................................... 68Fumitory ....................................................................................................................... 68Johnson Grass .............................................................................................................. 68Marshmallow ................................................................................................................ 69Melons ......................................................................................................................... 69- Watermelon, Wild Melon, Camel Melon, Bitter Melon ..................................................... 69- Paddy Melon ............................................................................................................... 69Nightshade ................................................................................................................... 69Nut Sedge / Nutgrass .................................................................................................... 69Pigweed ....................................................................................................................... 70Thistles ........................................................................................................................ 70- Sowthistle .................................................................................................................. 70- Spear Thistle .............................................................................................................. 70- Stemless Thistle .......................................................................................................... 70- Tumbleweed / Russian Thistle ...................................................................................... 70Turnip Weed ................................................................................................................. 71Wild Radish .................................................................................................................. 71

4.5.3 Weed control - registered and potential herbicides ................................ 73

5. References ................................................................................................................. 76Information: ................................................................................................. 76Acronyms and Definitions: ............................................................................. 76Acknowledgements: ...................................................................................... 76

6. Appendices ................................................................................................................ 77Appendix 1: Current and potential fungicides for disease control in potatoes ..... 78Appendix 2: Current and potential insecticides, miticides & nematicides ............ 85Appendix 3: Brand names associated with active ingredients ......................... 100Appendix 4: Potato MRLs ............................................................................ 103


1. Summary

The Strategic Agrichemical Review Process (SARP) uses the process of a desktop audit and industry liaison to:

(i) Assess the importance of the diseases, insects and weeds (plant pests) that can affect a horticultural industry;

(ii) Evaluate the availability and effectiveness of fungicides, insecticides and herbicides (pesticides) to control the plant pests;

(iii) Determine any gaps in the pest control strategy and

(iv) Identify suitable new or alternatives pesticides to address the gaps.

Alternative pesticides should ideally be selected for benefits of: § Integrated Pest Management (IPM) compatibility § Improved scope for resistance management § Sound biological profile § Residue and trade acceptance domestically and for export

The original Potato SARP meetings were conducted at Queensland and Tasmanian regional meetings in October and November 2006, and with the national body (fresh and processing) in Melbourne, Victoria in September 2007. The final version of the SARP was completed in February 2009. This revised Potato SARP is a result extensive consultation with key industry, extension & research individuals in each state. The aim of this revised SARP was to update the existing SARP and provide the potato industry with sound pesticide options for the future that the industry can pursue for registration with the manufacturer, or minor-use permits with APVMA. It is an ongoing concern in the potato industry that there are limited options to control the major diseases & insect pests of potatoes. - Diseases - The key fungal diseases that were identified and their priorities are:

Pest species priority

- High Priority

Bacterial Soft Rot - Post harvest Erwinia spp.

Common Scab Streptomyces scabies

Irish (Late) Blight Phytophthora infestans

Pink Rot Phytophthora erythroseptica

Powdery Scab Spongospora subterranean

Rhizoctonia Rot / Black Scurf Rhizoctonia solani



Sclerotinia Rot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum & S.minor

Silver Scurf Helminthosporuim solani

Target Spot / Early Blight Alternaria solani

- Medium Priority

Fusarium Dry Rot Fusarium spp.

- Insect and Mite Pests - The key pests identified and their priorities are:


- High Priority

African Black Beetle Heteronychus arator

Aphids - Black Peach Aphid Brachycaudus persicae - Green Peach Aphid Myzus persicae, - Potato Aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae Crickets - Black Field Cricket Teleogryllus commodus - Australian Mole Cricket Gryllotalpa australis

Potato Moth / Potato Leafminer Phthorimaea operculella

Redlegged Earth Mite - RLEM Halotydeus destructor

Whitefringed Weevil Naupactus leucoloma

- Medium Priority

Heliothis Helicoverpa spp.

Silverleaf Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (biotype B)

Wireworms - Potato Wireworm Hapatesus hirtus


- Weeds - The key weeds and their priorities are:

Weed species

- High Priority

Amaranths Amaranthus spp.

Blackberry Nightshade Solanum nigrum

Fat Hen Chenopodium album

Fleabane Conyza spp.

Marshmallow Malva parviflora

Nut Sedge / Nutgrass Cyperus rotundus

Pigweed Portulaca oleracea

Thistles Carduus spp. - Sowthistle Sonchus oleraceus - Spear Thistle Cirsium vulgare - Stemless Thistle Onopordum acaulon - Tumbleweed / Russian Thistle Salsola australis

Turnip Weed Rapistrum rugosum

Wild Radish Raphanus raphanistrum


2. The Australian Potato Industry The Australian potato industry is the largest vegetable crop in Australia, representing approximately 16% of the value of total Australian vegetable production. Potatoes are the highest ranked vegetable crop both in terms of total annual production and in gross value. Total value of the annual production is approximately $470 million. Potato production occurs across all Australian states with the main growing regions being:

o North Adelaide Hills, Riverland, Pinnaroo and Mt. Gambier (SA) o Northern Tasmania o Portland, Colac, Ballarat, Outer Melbourne and Warragul (VIC) o Riverina, Crookwell and New England (NSW) o Lockyer Valley, Bundaberg, Atherton Tablelands and Eastern Darling Downs (QLD) o Perth, Manjimup and Albany (WA)

Three quarters of production is concentrated in South Australia, Tasmania and Victoria. Farm sizes vary, and whilst Tasmania contains approximately a third of growers, SA has the greatest level of production due to increased farm sizes. Currently, South Australia is the greatest producer of potatoes accounting for approximately 30% of national production. Imports, which are mainly processed and frozen potatoes, are a major threat to the Australian potato industry. New Zealand is the main source of imports however the growing imports are coming from North America and the Benelux countries such as the Netherlands. The USA and China act as other major competitors in the world market. Whilst imports are a threat there are potential opportunities for greater exports. The local market is very significant with per capita consumption being approximately 67 kg / year. The existing competition and large consumer markets are incentives to maximise the quality and quantity of Australian potato production. Both increases in quality and quantity can be achieved by using the most effective management practices including the appropriate use of pesticides.


3. Introduction

3.1. Background

Growers of some horticultural crops suffer from a lack of legal access to crop protection products (pesticides). The problem may be that whilst a relatively small crop area is valuable in an agricultural sense, it is not of sufficient size for agchem manufacturers to justify the expense of registering a product use on that crop. Alternately, the disease, pest, or weed problem may be regional or spasmodic, making agchem companies unwilling to bear the initial high cost of registering suitable pesticides. Growers may at times be in a situation where they face severe losses from diseases, pests and weeds if they do nothing to protect their crops, or face penalties if they use a product that is not registered or available via a permit. The potato industry is aware of the possible consequences of the use of unregistered or non-permitted pesticides. These can include: produce with pesticide residues of products unregistered or not permitted; rejection at both local and export market levels; placing Australian export trading arrangements in jeopardy; and fines and penalties. Environmental concerns, consumer demands, and public opinion are also significant influences in the marketplace related to pest management practices. Industry / IPM Practitioners must strive to implement best management practices and tools to incorporate a pest management regime where strategies work in harmony with each other to achieve the desired effects while posing the least risks. Pesticides have always been an important tool in the production of potatoes. They control the various diseases, insects and weeds that affect the crop and can cause severe economic loss in modern high intensity growing operations. Pesticides are utilized during the establishment / development, during flowering and maturity, and post harvest to maximise crop yield, quality and customer appeal. As a consequence of the issues facing the potato industry regarding pesticide access, Hort. Innovation Australia (HIA) undertook a review of the pesticide requirements in potatoes via a Strategic Agrichemical Review Process (SARP) in 2009. This revised SARP updates the 2009 document. This SARP process identified diseases, insect pests and weeds of major concern to the potato industry. Against these threats, available registered or permitted pesticides, along with non-pesticide solutions, were evaluated for overall suitability in terms of IPM, resistance, residues, withholding period, efficacy, trade, human safety and environmental issues. Where tools were unavailable or unsuitable the process aimed to identify potential future solutions. Any potential new risks to the industry were also identified. The results will provide the potato industry with a clear outlook of gaps in existing pest control options. This report is not a comprehensive assessment of ALL pests and control methods of potatoes but attempts to prioritise the major problems.


3.2. Minor use permits and registration

Potatoes are classified as a major crop by APVMA. Therefore access to minor use permits can be relatively difficult. Possible justification for future permit applications could be based on:

• New disease, insect or weed • Current pesticides no longer work – resistance • Current pesticides limiting trade • IPM, environmental or operator issues • Loss of pesticides due to removal from market

With each of these options, sound, scientific argument is required to justify any new permit applications. Another option for the potato industry is for agchem manufacturers to register new pesticides for uses in potatoes.


3.3. Methods In preparation for the SARP, consultation involved members of the potato industry, leading growers, consultants, government agencies and researchers and Industry Liaison Officers in each state. The process included gathering, collating and confirming information. The steps in the process of review were: Process of Review Events / Activity / Date • Prioritisation of the major pests of potato into high,

moderate and low categories.

- SARP Potato Pest Priority Survey circulated – June 2016

• Identification of the main pesticides and or other control agents used for each pest. Pesticides that are under review by the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority (AVPMA) were listed.

- Review of priorities by SARP by industry experts

• Identification of control gaps and possible solutions. - Referred to specific pest / pesticide experts

• An assessment was conducted for each disease, insect and weed. Prioritisation of actions such as research, data generation and permit applications to provide management options for priority pests.

- Referred to specific pest / pesticide experts

3.4. Results and discussions

3.4.1. Detail

Results and discussions are presented in the body of this document.

3.4.2 Appendices

Refer to additional information in the appendices: Appendix 1: Current and potential fungicides for disease control in potatoes Appendix 2: Current and potential insecticides, miticides & nematicides Appendix 3: Brand names associated with active ingredients Appendix 4: Potato MRLs


4. Pests and diseases of potatoes

4.1 Diseases of potatoes

4.1.1 Priority diseases

Disease Previous Rank (2009)

Comments

Fresh / Process

Ranking of Pest Priorities by State

QLD NSW VIC TAS SA WA


High SA - Occasional but bad when it happens. Seen in seed crops, high rainfall areas & over watered crops.

F L L-M L-M M-H L-H L

TAS - Always a result of another failure.

P L L L-M L-H L L

Bacterial Wilt Ralstonia solanacearum

(Nil) VIC - Very localised but because of quarantine issues an outbreak on a particular property can result in significant market access issues.

F H

P

Black Dot/Anthracnose Colletotrichum coccodes

Low SA - Starting to become a major issue in fresh washed potatoes as sites in sandy soils are used for 2 or more rotations of potatoes. No chemicals available for complete control. Growers prefer fresh sites over using old ground. No.1 skin blemish issue for wash industry.

F L L L L L-H L

TAS - this disease / pathogen is the “sleeper”. Know little about the impact upon plant health & yield but are finding massive DNA values within our soils.

P L L L H L M


High Some varieties are v. susceptible. Like most potato diseases, there is no chemical control options only rotation & clean seed. Less of an issue in recent years – but remains a significant constraint to fresh market. NSW & SA - Priority varies from LOW to HIGH depending on the region. VIC - Common in some production districts. “Resistant” cultivars (medium to low levels of scab) available.

F L L-H L-M M-H L-H L-H



Comments

Fresh / Process



Limited control methods. TAS - Over rated as a disease, virtually no impact within processing potatoes, cosmetic in table potatoes.

P L M M L-M L-H L


Medium Under estimated impact on seed in the fresh market.

F L L L L-M L-H L

TAS - Can be a major problem in seed potatoes, particularly new varietal material seems to be more susceptible.

P L L L H L M

Gangrene Phoma foveate

Low Seed storage issue F L L L L L-M L

TAS - Used to be a problem & has disappeared in the past 20 years

P L L L L L N/A


High SA - Occurs sporadically (every few years) but can be bad in wet years particularly warm & v. humid weather. Usually found in cooler climates, e.g. lower S-E SA. Some states have 2 seasons i.e. SA has cool, wet periods around Virginia from May to June, then hot dry Nov-Mar in Mallee. VIC - Occurs sporadically (every few years) when tropical lows push into the State bringing cool & very humid weather. - TAS - Late Blight is sporadic. The cooler climate & lack of humidity rarely suit an outbreak. Need to watch for Metalaxyl resistance as this fungicide is used widely in other crops & potato groundkeepers are widely spread in those other crops. Important to have access to effective fungicide treatments should new strains of the pathogen become established in Aust.

F L M-H M-H M-H L-H L-M

P H H H L-M L-H L


High SA - Not generally found in the sandy soils of the Mallee; found in cooler regions, e.g. S-E SA. VIC - Sporadic occurrence in parts of the State. Very destructive to the mature

F L L H H L-H L



Comments

Fresh / Process



potato crop when is does occur. Metalaxyl fungicide is applied in the furrow at sowing as an ”insurance” against the disease Has consequences for storage. TAS - Pink Rot is becoming worse each year & appears to be part of a complex - Powdery Scab, Black Dot & Pink Rot.

P

L L M H L-H L

Potato Virus Y - PVY (Nil) SA - Mostly under some form of control through testing but can cause significant damage if undetected. Almost found in every crop in the Mallee. Products are registered overseas for the control of Y Virus. Need better seed & aphid control

F H H H

Need better seed & aphid control The biggest current issue.

P H H H H H

Potato Virus X - PVX (Nil) SA - Mostly undetected in commercial crops unless found with PVY. Still causing damage in the industry.

F L

P


High Pathogen is widespread but disease risk is high in some production areas. “Resistant” cultivars (medium to low levels of scab) are an option. Some varieties are v. susceptible. Like most potato diseases, there is no chemical control options only rotation & clean seed. There are no registered soil applied fungicides available, despite a considerable amount of data demonstrating efficacy of one fungicide. TAS - By far the industry’s biggest issue

F L M-H M-H H M-H L-M

Limited control methods. TAS - An extreme disease for TAS - world champions. Combines in a complex with nematodes, Pink Rot & Black Dot.

P H M H H M L



Comments

Fresh / Process




High Common and widespread. No resistant varieties available. Cultural control options can help but fungicide treatments are the most reliable control option. Large underestimated impacts in fresh potatoes & processing. Most growers are using chemicals to varying success. More industry/independent research required.

F L M M-H H M-H L-M

TAS - Manageable with fungicides

P H H H L-M H M


High SA - Common in SA, varying impacts most noticeable in very wet conditions, therefore less common in the lower rainfall regions (Mallee) unless large rainfall events (which are becoming more common).

F L L-M L-M L-H L-H L

TAS - Sporadic, controllable with fungicide

P H M M M-H M-H L


High No real control measures except for crop rotation, underestimated by growers & often confused with Black Dot. VIC - A particular problem in stored potatoes towards the end of the storage period resulting in dark edges on potato crisps NSW - LOW priority in Riverina but HIGH in some other NSW regions HIGH priority for fresh market.

F L L-H M M-H L-H L-H

TAS - It is wide spread but the impact is not well understood. Needs some research

P L L L-M L-M L L


High Found everywhere, once in a crop very little can be done to control. Chemicals are available for the prevention, however very few growers have a good understanding of how & why Target Spot occurs & what chemicals can help. NSW - Major fungus in Riverina.

F M H H H M-H L-H



Comments

Fresh / Process



VIC - A consistent problem each year that requires regular fungicide sprays towards the end of each season in most cropping districts. TAS - Manageable P H H H M H M

Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus - TSWV

Low Can be controlled through insecticide use although not commonly done. Once a plant is infected there is no way to control it. Priority varies from LOW - HIGH depending on the region. Increase in prevalence in last 12 months.

F L L-H M-H L M-H L

TAS - It comes & goes, depending upon the heat of the season.

P M M M L M N/A

Verticillium Wilt Verticillium dahliae Verticillium albo-atrum Verticillium tricorpus

Low Nematodes help to cause infection. Less common, often not properly identified as plant can appear healthy. Good crop monitoring is required for observation. Priority varies from LOW - HIGH depending on the region.

F L L-H L-H L-M L-H L

TAS - Probably a low impact but it is a disease that takes ages to incubate in a laboratory, so a quick test to confirm the presence of the disease is not available. This is a problem for sound certification of seed, if there is presence of the disease.

P L L L-H L L N/A

TABLE KEY: Note that blank fields in the table indicate no information has been provided. F = Fresh - sold onto the fresh market P = Process - sold or produced for use only in processed potato product, i.e. frozen or processed & packaged. L = Low M = Medium H = High N/A = Not applicable - very low incidence, rare, spasmodic or seasonal UN = Unknown - does not occur in this region


4.1.2 Available and potential products for diseases - NOTE: Diseases listed alphabetically – see table above for priorities.

DISEASE / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Bacterial Soft Rot - Post harvest Erwinia spp. Chlorine as Calcium hypochlorite (HYPOCHLOR)

Bactericide NA A Calcium hypochlorite is commonly used as a post harvest dip or wash. Growers say it works well.

Copper oxychloride (COPPER OXYCHLORIDE)

M1 Contact, protectant

P Registered for Bacterial soft rot (Erwinia) in celery as an in-crop treatment. Overseas MRLs exist. Has a relatively good IPM fit - moderately toxic to only a few species. This product should be pursued

Bacterial Wilt Ralstonia solanacearum Priority: ---- NIL

Black Dot/Anthracnose Colletotrichum coccodes Fludioxonil (MAXIM)

12 Non-systemic residual

NR A Registered in Aust. in potatoes as a seed treatment for the control of Black Dot, Rhizoctonia Rot / Black Scurf, Fusarium Dry Rot, Silver Scurf & suppression of seed borne Common Scab. Commonly used as a seed treatment. Works well. Better quality seed is reducing some need for seed treatments

Common Scab Streptomyces scabies Azoxystrobin (AMISTAR)

11 Systemic, Protectant, Curative, Eradicant

NR P-A Group K - Registered as a foliar treatment for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Possible use a seed treatment. Has a good IPM fit. Caution is required not to overuse Group K fungicides in potatoes. Efficacy needs to be determined. This product should be pursued.

Chloropicrin (PIC PLUS)

8B Vapour - MOA is non- specific

NR Registered as a soil fumigant prior to planting for the control of soil borne pests including insects, nematodes, wireworms & the diseases Fusarium, Pythium, Phytophora, Verticillium & bacteria such as Streptomyces scabies (Potato Scab).

Fluazinam (SHIRLAN)

29 Protectant, residual

P Group Y - Use to be registered by Crop Care. Efficacy needs to be determined. This product should be pursued.

Fludioxonil (MAXIM)


NR A Registered in Aust. in potatoes as a seed treatment for the control of Black Dot, Rhizoctonia Rot / Black Scurf, Fusarium Dry Rot, Silver Scurf & suppression of seed borne Common Scab. Commonly used as a seed treatment. Works well. Better quality seed reducing some needed for seed treatments

Mancozeb (DITHANE)

M3 Protectant NR P-A Group Y - Registered in potatoes as a foliar treatment for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Some overseas MRLs. Has a fair IPM fit, but of little consequence as a seed treatment. Efficacy needs to be determined. This product should be pursued.


DISEASE / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Fusarium Dry Rot Fusarium spp. Chloropicrin (PIC PLUS)



Fludioxonil (MAXIM)



Imazalil (FUNGAFLOR)

3 Systemic, Protectant, Curative

NA A Registered in potatoes as a post-harvest treatment for the control of Silver Scurf, Gangrene & Fusarium Dry Rot. Imazalil is commonly used for fresh potatoes & is effective

Thiabendazole (THIABENDAZOLE)

1 Systemic, Protectant, Curative,

NA A Registered in potatoes as a post-harvest treatment for the control of Fusarium Dry Rot, Gangrene & Silver Scurf. Resistance of Fusarium Dry Rot to Thiabendazole fungicide has long been reported overseas - Europe (1973) and US (1992).

Gangrene Phoma foveate Imazalil (FUNGAFLOR)


NA A Registered in potatoes as a post-harvest treatment for the control of Silver Scurf, Gangrene & Fusarium Dry Rot. Imazalil is commonly used for fresh potatoes & is effective



NA A Registered in potatoes as a post-harvest treatment for the control of Fusarium Dry Rot, Gangrene & Silver Scurf. Potatoes collected for a Melbourne University study showed that the disease was resistant to Thiabendazole. Resistance of Fusarium Dry Rot to Thiabendazole fungicide has long been reported overseas - Europe (1973) and US (1992).

Irish (Late) Blight Phytophthora infestans Azoxystrobin (AMISTAR)


*NS A Group K - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used up to 4 X / crop. Growers only use it when curative needed. It is used as foliar spray in alternation with other fungicides. Very effective as protectant/curative. Need Group K alternative. *WHP - NS - see resistance management strategy

Azoxystrobin + Difenoconazole (AMISTAR TOP)

11 + 3 Systemic, Protectant, Curative, Eradicant + Systemic, Protectant, Curative

7 A Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes.




Chlorothalonil (BRAVO)

M5 Protectant NR A Group Y - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot in potatoes. Used 2-8 X / crop. Commonly used in alternation with other protectant fungicides. Very effective as protectant.


DISEASE / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Copper hydroxide (CHAMP)


1 A o Group Y - Registered in potatoes for the control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight.



1 A o Group Y - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot in potatoes. Used 3-5 X / crop. Commonly used in alternation with other protectant fungicides. Very effective. Not used in VIC.

Cyazofamid (RANMAN)

21 Foliar & soil protectant, residual

7 A o Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight in potatoes.

Cyproconazole (ALTO)

3 Systemic, protectant, curative, eradicant

NR A o Group C - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes.

Dimethomorph (ACROBAT)

40 Systemic, Protectant

14 A o Group X - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot in potatoes. Used up to 4 X / crop & is only used when a curative is needed. Used in alternation with other fungicides. Very effective as protectant / curative. More effective than Metalaxyl.

Fosetyl as Aluminium salt (ALIETTE)

33 Protectant, curative

P o Group Y - Aust. MRL exist in few crops. UK MRL - 30 mg/kg; Japan – 35 mg/kg. It is registered for Phytophthora control in other crops. This product has some overseas MRLs & is already used for this purpose in NZ. Low toxicity to predatory mites, ladybirds, lacewings & parasitoids. Efficacy in potatoes needs to be determined. This product should be pursued.

Mancozeb (DITHANE)

M3 Protectant NR A o Group Y - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Commonly used in alternation with other protectant fungicides 2-8 X / crop. It is effective as a protectant.

Metalaxyl-M + Mancozeb (RIDOMIL GOLD MZ)

4 / M3 Systemic, curative, protectant + Protectant

7 A o Group DY - Registered in potatoes for the control of Irish (Late) Blight, Target Spot / Early Blight (ALL states) & Pink Rot (VIC, TAS, SA & WA ONLY). Used when a curative is needed which is up to 2 X / crop. Used in alternation with other fungicides. Very effective as protectant / curative. Commonly used in Tasmania. Heavily relied upon in numerous crops in the rotation, potentially pre-disposing the product to resistance build-up. There are reports of resistance of Late Blight to Metalaxyl in potatoes to in some European & Asian countries (NZ SARP 2008).

Metiram (POLYRAM)

M3 Protectant 7 A o Group Y - Registered in potatoes for the control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight (ALL states). Commonly used in alternation with other protectant fungicides. Very effective as protectant.

Metiram + Pyraclostrobin (AERO)

M3+11 Protectant, curative

7 A o Group KY - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes.

o Used up to 4 X / crop. Only used when curative needed. Used in NSW & VIC ONLY. Very effective as protectant / curative.

Phosphorous acid (AGRI-FOS)


P o Group Y - Registered for Phytophthora control in various crops. This product has an Aust. MRL & is residues exempt in some countries. Low toxicity to predatory mites, ladybirds, lacewings & parasitoids. Efficacy in potatoes needs to be determined. This product should be pursued

Propineb (ANTRACOL)

M3 Contact. Protectant, residual

1 A o Group Y - Registered in ALL states for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes.

Zineb (ZINEB)

M3 Protectant NR A o Group Y - Registered in ALL states for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes.


DISEASE / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Pink Rot Phytophthora erythroseptica Metalaxyl-M + Mancozeb (RIDOMIL GOLD MZ)


7 A Group DY - Registered in potatoes for the control of Irish (Late) Blight, Target Spot / Early Blight (ALL states) & Pink Rot (VIC, TAS, SA & WA ONLY). Used when a curative is needed which is up to 2 X / crop. Used in alternation with other fungicides. Very effective as protectant / curative. Commonly used in Tasmania. Heavily relied upon in numerous crops in the rotation, potentially pre-disposing the product to resistance build-up. There are reports of resistance of Late Blight to Metalaxyl in potatoes to in some European & Asian countries (NZ SARP 2008). Generally controls Pink Rot when used for Irish Blight. Works well. If spraying for Pink rot only, it is used up to 2 X / crop.

Metalaxyl-M - granules (RIDOMIL GOLD 25G)

4 Protectant NR A Group D - Commonly used 1 X / crop at planting. It is mixed with fertiliser in some cases. Especially used for seed production (WA). Works well, but concern about enhanced biodegradation from regular use

Potato Virus Y - PVY

NIL

Potato Virus X - PVX

NIL

Powdery Scab Spongospora subterranean Fluazinam (SHIRLAN)



Fludioxonil (MAXIM)


NR P-A Registered in Aust. in potatoes as a seed treatment for the control of Black Dot, Rhizoctonia Rot / Black Scurf, Fusarium Dry Rot, Silver Scurf & suppression of seed borne Common Scab. Commonly used as a seed treatment. Better quality seed is reducing some need for seed treatments


4 Protectant NR P-A Group D - Registered in potatoes as a furrow treatment for the control Pink Rot ONLY in VIC, TAS, SA & WA ONLY. Commonly used 1 X / crop at planting. It is mixed with fertiliser in some cases. Especially used for seed production (WA). Works well, but concern about enhanced biodegradation from regular use.

Rhizoctonia Rot / Black Scurf Rhizoctonia solani Azoxystrobin (AMISTAR)


NR P-A Group K - Registered as foliar spray for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Caution should be taken to not overuse Group K fungicides. Potential use as a single application in furrow at planting. In Tasmania, in-furrow registration pending (may be only product addressing soil-borne Rhizoctonia).


DISEASE / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Captan (CAPTAN)

M4 Protectant & curative

P Group Y - Many overseas MRLs & known efficacy in other crops. It has a good IPM fit. It is non-toxic to many natural predators & compatible with bees. This product should be pursued


M5 Protectant NR P-A Group Y - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used 2-8 X / crop. Could be an effective protectant. Has a good IPM fit. This product should be pursued.



1 P-A Group Y - Used 3-5 X / crop. Commonly used in alternation with other protectant fungicides. Has a relatively good IPM fit with Copper oxychloride moderately toxic to only a few species. This product has overseas MRLs & should be pursued.

Fludioxonil (MAXIM)



Flutolanil (MONCUT)

7 Systemic, protectant, curative

A Group G – Registered in Aust. in potatoes as a seed treatment for the control of Rhizoctonia Rot / Black Scurf ONLY.

Iprodione (ROVRAL)


Nil A Group B – Registered in ALL states as a foliar spray for control of Sclerotinia & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used up to 2 X / crop & only used when a curative is needed. It is used in alternation with other fungicides & effective as protectant / curative. Also registered in ALL states for the control of Rhizoctonia Rot / Black Scurf when applied as a spray to seed when planting.

Pencycuron (MONCEREN)

20 Non-systemic, protectant

NR A Group X – Registered in Aust. in potatoes as a seed treatment for the control of Rhizoctonia Rot / Black Scurf ONLY.

Tolclofos-methyl (RIZOLEX)

14 Non-systemic, contact, protectant, curative

NR A Group X – Registered in Aust. as a seed treatment in potatoes & cotton for the control of Rhizoctonia solani.

Sclerotinia Rot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum & S.minor Azoxystrobin (AMISTAR)


*NS P-A Group K - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used up to 4 X / crop. Growers only use it when curative needed. It is used as foliar spray in alternation with other fungicides. Very effective as protectant/curative. Permit exists for control of this disease in carrots. Has a good IPM fit. This product should be pursued. Need Group K alternative. *WHP - NS - see resistance management strategy on label.

Azoxystrobin (AMISTAR)


*NS P-A Group K - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used up to 4 X / crop. Growers only use it when curative needed. It is used as foliar spray in alternation with other fungicides. Very effective as protectant/curative. Has a good IPM fit. This product should be pursued. Need Group K alternative. *WHP - NS - see resistance management strategy on label.


DISEASE / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Boscalid (FILAN)

7 Protectant & curative

P Registered in potatoes for control of Target Spot / Early Blight ONLY as a tank mix with Polyram or Mancozeb. Max. 4 X / year. Registered for this disease in other vegetables. O/S MRLs exist & has proven efficacy in other vegetables. Has a good IPM fit. This product should be pursued.


M5 Protectant NR P-A Group Y - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used 2-8 X / crop. Could be an effective protectant. Has a good IPM fit. This product should be pursued.

Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil (SWITCH)

9 + 12 Systemic protectant + Curative

P Group IL - Permit exists for control of this disease in peas. This product should be pursued.

Iprodione (ROVRAL)



Procymidone (SUMISCLEX)


9 A Group B – Registered in ALL states for control of Sclerotinia & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Commonly used up to 3-4 X / crop & is only used when a curative is needed. Used in alternation with other fungicides. Effective as protectant/curative. Significant issue in TAS, as all rotational crops suffer from Sclerotinia & many use or have used Procymidone. Now finding residue detections due to constant use. Need non Group B alternative Procymidone subject to ongoing review by APVMA.

Tebuconazole (FOLICUR)


P Group C - Registered in Aust. to control similar disease species in turf grasses, permits in lettuce. Efficacy is known in other crops. This product should be pursued.


1 Systemic, Protectant Curative

P Group A - Registered in Aust. in other crops for the control of disease species very similar to Sclerotinia rot in potatoes. Moderately toxic to some beneficial species. This product has known efficacy & should be pursued

Silver Scurf Helminthosporuim solani Azoxystrobin (AMISTAR)


*NS P-A Group K - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used up to 4 X / crop. Growers only use it when curative needed. It is used as foliar spray in alternation with other fungicides. Very effective as protectant/curative. Has a good IPM fit. This product should be pursued. Need Group K alternative. *WHP - NS - see resistance management strategy on label. Suggested that 1 application in furrow at planting would be effective.

Fludioxonil (MAXIM)




DISEASE / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

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WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments



NA A Registered in potatoes as a post-harvest treatment for the control of Fusarium Dry Rot, Gangrene & Silver Scurf. Imazalil is commonly used for fresh potatoes & is effective. Recommendation for good control of Fusarium Dry Rot to use a tank mix with Thiabendazole. TAS uses mixture of Imazalil + Thiabendazole but use is decreasing as efficacy decreasing - possible resistance.



NA P Registered in potatoes as a post-harvest treatment for the control of Fusarium Dry Rot, Gangrene & Silver Scurf. Potatoes collected for a Melbourne University study showed that the disease was resistant to Thiabendazole.

Target Spot / Early Blight Alternaria solani Azoxystrobin (AMISTAR)


*NS A Group K - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used up to 4 X / crop. Growers only use it when curative needed. It is used as foliar spray in alternation with other fungicides. Very effective as protectant/curative. Need Group K alternative. *WHP - NS - see resistance management strategy


11 + 3 Systemic, Protectant, Curative, Eradicant

NR A Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes.

Boscalid (FILAN)


P Registered in potatoes for control of Target Spot / Early Blight ONLY as a tank mix with Polyram or Mancozeb. Max. 4 X / year.


M5 Protectant NR A Group Y - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used 2-8 X / crop. Commonly used in alternation with other protectant fungicides. Very effective as protectant.

Chlorothalonil + Pyrimethanil (WALABI)

M5 + 9 Protectant + Protectant, curative

NR A Registered in potatoes for control of Target Spot / Early Blight ONLY. Used 3-4 X / crop. It is only used when a curative is needed. It is used in alternation with other fungicides & very effective as both protectant/curative.


3 Systemic, protectant, curative, eradicant

NR A Group C - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes.

Difenoconazole (SCORE)


7 A Group C - Registered in potatoes for control of Target Spot / Early Blight ONLY. Used 2-6 X crop & only used when a curative is needed. It is used in alternation with other fungicides & is very effective as a curative


40 Systemic, Protectant

14 A Group X - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used between 2-3 X / crop & only used when a curative is needed. It is used in alternation with other fungicides & effective as protectant/curative

Dithianon (DELAN)

M9 Protectant P Has overseas MRLs & known efficacy on other Alternaria species in other crops. But as it is a protectant in the same mode as Mancozeb, it should not be pursued


DISEASE / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Iprodione (ROVRAL)


Nil A Group B – Registered in ALL states as a foliar spray for control of Sclerotinia & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used up to 2 X / crop & only used when a curative is needed. It is used in alternation with other fungicides & effective as protectant / curative. Also registered in ALL states for the control of Black Scurf when applied as a spray to seed when planting.

Iprodione (ROVRAL)



Mancozeb (DITHANE)

M3 Protectant NR A Group Y - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Commonly used in alternation with other protectant fungicides 2-8 X / crop. It is effective as a protectant.

Mancozeb + Copper sulphate (NOVOFIX)

M3 + M1/2

Protectant + Protectant

1 A Registered for control of Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes.



7 A Group DY - Registered in potatoes for the control of Irish (Late) Blight, Target Spot / Early Blight (ALL states) & Pink Rot (VIC, TAS, SA & WA ONLY). Used when a curative is needed which is up to 2 X / crop. Used in alternation with other fungicides. Very effective as protectant / curative. Commonly used in Tasmania. Heavily relied upon in numerous crops in the rotation, potentially pre-disposing the product to resistance build-up. There are reports of resistance of Late Blight to Metalaxyl in potatoes to in some European & Asian countries (NZ SARP 2008).

Metiram (POLYRAM)

M3 Protectant 7 A Group Y - Registered in ALL states for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Commonly used in alternation with other protectant fungicides. Very effective as protectant.


M3+11 Protectant, curative

7 A o Group KY - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used up to 4 X / crop. Only used when curative needed. Used in NSW & VIC ONLY. Very effective as protectant / curative.

Propineb (ANTRACOL)

M3 Contact. Protectant, residual

1 A Group Y - Registered in ALL states for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes.



9 A Group B – Registered in ALL states for control of Sclerotinia & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Commonly used up to 3-4 X / crop & is only used when a curative is needed. Used in alternation with other fungicides. Effective as protectant/curative. Significant issue in TAS, as all rotational crops suffer from Sclerotinia & many use or have used Procymidone. Now finding residue detections due to constant use. Need non Group B alternative Procymidone subject to ongoing review by APVMA.

Zineb (ZINEB)

M3 Protectant NR A Group Y - Registered in ALL states for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Zineb has no report of use by growers.


NIL


DISEASE / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Verticillium Wilt Verticillium dahliae Verticillium albo-atrum Verticillium tricorpus Chloropicrin (PIC PLUS)

8B Vapour - MOA is non-

specific


TABLE KEY: Note that blank fields in the table indicate no information has been provided. Use – rating: Grower’ rating of the likelihood of use, ranging from: ü = Some use, to üüü = Commonly used; X= Not used. NOTE that use ratings were only investigated for the high priority uses. IPM rating: Grower rating of IPM suitability from: ü = limited, to üüü = Good; V= variable, depending on beneficial. Efficacy: Growers’ rating of efficacy from: ü = Some efficacy, to üüü = Good efficacy; V= Variable reports of efficacy

Availability: A = Available via either registration or permit approval P = Potential i.e. a possible candidate to pursue for registration or permit P-A = Potential, already approved in the crop for another use WHP = Withholding period - NR = Not required. - NS = Not stated - NA = Not applicable


4.1.3 Priorities for action for disease control

Potential chemical options for control of high and medium priority diseases in potatoes:

DISEASE / Active Ingredient

Chem. Group Comment

Bacterial Soft Rot - Post harvest Erwinia spp. Copper oxychloride (COPPER OXYCHLORIDE)

M1 Registered for Bacterial soft rot (Erwinia) in celery as an in-crop treatment. Overseas MRLs exist. Has a relatively good IPM fit with Copper oxychloride moderately toxic to only a few species. This product should be pursued.

Bacterial Wilt Ralstonia solanacearum NIL

Black Dot/Anthracnose Colletotrichum coccodes NIL

Common Scab Streptomyces scabies Azoxystrobin (AMISTAR)

11 Group K - Registered as a foliar treatment for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Possible use a seed treatment. Has a good IPM fit. Caution is required not to overuse Group K fungicides in potatoes. Efficacy needs to be determined. This product should be pursued.

Fluazinam (SHIRLAN)

29 Group Y - Use to be registered by Crop Care. Efficacy needs to be determined. This product should be pursued.

Mancozeb (DITHANE)

M3 Group Y - Registered in potatoes as a foliar treatment for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Some overseas MRLs. Has a fair IPM fit, but of little consequence as a seed treatment. Efficacy needs to be determined. This product should be pursued.

Fusarium Dry Rot Fusarium spp. NIL

Gangrene Phoma foveate NIL

Irish (Late) Blight Phytophthora infestans Fosetyl as Aluminium salt (ALIETTE)

33 Group Y - Aust. MRL exist in few crops. UK MRL - 30 mg/kg; Japan – 35 mg/kg. It is registered for Phytophthora control in other crops. This product has some overseas MRLs & is already used for this purpose in NZ. Low toxicity to predatory mites, ladybirds, lacewings & parasitoids. Efficacy in potatoes needs to be determined. This product should be pursued.


33 Group Y - Registered for Phytophthora control in various crops. This product has an Aust. MRL & is residues exempt in some countries. Low toxicity to predatory mites, ladybirds, lacewings & parasitoids. Efficacy in potatoes needs to be determined. This product should be pursued

Pink Rot Phytophthora erythroseptica NIL



Chem. Group Comment

Potato Virus Y - PVY

NIL

Potato Virus X - PVX

NIL

Powdery Scab Spongospora subterranean Fluazinam (SHIRLAN)

29 Group Y - Use to be registered by Crop Care. Efficacy needs to be determined. This product should be pursued.

Fludioxonil (MAXIM)

12 Registered in Aust. in potatoes as a seed treatment for the control of Black Dot, Rhizoctonia Rot / Black Scurf, Fusarium Dry Rot, Silver Scurf & suppression of seed borne Common Scab. Commonly used as a seed treatment. Better quality seed is reducing some need for seed treatments


4 Group D - Registered in potatoes as a furrow treatment for the control Pink Rot ONLY in VIC, TAS, SA & WA ONLY. Commonly used 1 X / crop at planting. It is mixed with fertiliser in some cases. Especially used for seed production (WA). Works well, but concern about enhanced biodegradation from regular use.

Rhizoctonia Rot / Black Scurf Rhizoctonia solani Azoxystrobin (AMISTAR)

11 Group K - Registered as foliar spray for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Caution should be taken to not overuse Group K fungicides. Potential use as a single application in furrow at planting. In Tasmania, in-furrow registration pending (may be only product addressing soil-borne Rhizoctonia).

Captan (CAPTAN)

M4 Group Y - Many overseas MRLs & known efficacy in other crops. It has a good IPM fit. It is non-toxic to many natural predators & compatible with bees. This product should be pursued


M5 Group Y - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used 2-8 X / crop. Could be an effective protectant. Has a good IPM fit. This product should be pursued.


M1 Group Y - Used 3-5 X / crop. Commonly used in alternation with other protectant fungicides. Has a relatively good IPM fit with Copper oxychloride moderately toxic to only a few species. This product has overseas MRLs & should be pursued.

Sclerotinia Rot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum & S.minor Azoxystrobin (AMISTAR)

11 Group K - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used up to 4 X / crop. Permit exists for control of this disease in carrots. Has a good IPM fit. Caution should be taken to not overuse Group K fungicides. This product should be pursued.

Boscalid (FILAN)

7 Registered for this disease in other vegetables. O/S MRLs exist & has proven efficacy in other vegetables. Has a good IPM fit. This product should be pursued.


M5 Group Y - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used 2-8 X / crop. Could be an effective protectant. Has a good IPM fit. This product should be pursued.


9 + 12 Group IL - Permit exists for control of this disease in peas. This product should be pursued.


3 Group C - Registered in Aust. to control similar disease species in turf grasses, permits in lettuce. Efficacy is known in other crops. This product should be pursued.


1 Group A - Registered in Aust. in other crops for the control of disease species very similar to Sclerotinia rot in potatoes. Moderately toxic to some beneficial species. This product has known efficacy & should be pursued



Chem. Group Comment

Silver Scurf Helminthosporuim solani Azoxystrobin (AMISTAR)

11 Group K - Registered as a foliar treatment for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Suggested that 1 application in furrow at planting would be effective.


1 Registered in potatoes as a post-harvest treatment for the control of Fusarium Dry Rot, Gangrene & Silver Scurf. Potatoes collected for a Melbourne University study showed that Silver Scurf was resistant to Thiabendazole.

Target Spot / Early Blight Alternaria solani NIL


NIL

Verticillium Wilt Verticillium dahliae Verticillium albo-atrum Verticillium tricorpus NIL


4.2 Insects and mite pests of potatoes

4.2.1 Insect and mite pest priorities

Pest Previous Rank (2009)

Comment

Fresh / Process



African Black Beetle Heteronychus arator

High F L L L L UN - H

H

P L L L NA L M

Aphids - Black Peach Aphid Brachycaudus persicae - Green Peach Aphid Myzus persicae, - Potato Aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae

High Vector for PVY & TSWV. Constant problem that leads to the spread of the virus diseases. Becoming more of a problem with milder winters in NSW Riverina. Always a threat but season dependent

F M M-H H L-M L-H L-M

P H H H L H M

Common or European Earwig (Forficula auricularia)

(Nil) F

P

Crickets - Black Field Cricket Teleogryllus commodus - Australian Mole Cricket Gryllotalpa australis

High F L L L L L-H UN - L

P H M L-M L M-H L

Cutworms Agrotis spp.

Low F L L L M UN - M

L

TAS - If uncontrolled a major impact, but controllable

P M M M M M M

Grasshoppers Orthoptera

Low NSW - Season dependant but control needed during plagues

F L L-M L L L-M L

TAS - If uncontrolled a major impact, but controllable

P L L L L L L

Green Vegetable Bug Nezara viridula

Low

F L L L L UN - L

L

P L L L L L L


Medium MEDIUM priority in NSW Riverina but LOW in other NSW regions.

F L L-M L H UN - H

L

TAS - Occasional pest, manageable

P M L L L L-M L



Comment

Fresh / Process



Jassids Cicadellidae

Low

F L L L L L-M L

P L L L L L L

Leaf Eating Ladybirds (Epilachna spp. & Henosepilachna spp.)

(NIL)

F

P

Lightbrown Apple Moth - LBAM Epiphyas postvittana

Low

F L L L L UN - L

L

P L L L L L L

Loopers - including Australian Cabbage Looper Chrysodeixis subsidens

Low NSW - Priority varies from LOW - HIGH depending on the region & the season. Always a threat but season dependent

F L L-H L-M L UN - H

L-M

P L M M L L L


High Getting harder to control Need a systemic spray. Vectors for a wide range of viruses.

F M H H M-H L-H M-H

P H H M-H M-H M-H


High MEDIUM priority in NSW Riverina but LOW in other NSW regions.

F L-M L L UN - H

M

TAS - Occasional pest P L L L L L M

Rutherglen Bug Nysius vinitor

Low MEDIUM priority in NSW Riverina but HIGH in some other NSW regions.

F L M-H M L UN - H

L

P L L L-H L L L


Medium MEDIUM priority in NSW Riverina but LOW in other NSW regions.

F M L-M L N/A - L

UN - H

L

P L L L L L L

Thrips - Onion Thrips Thrips tabaci - Tomato Thrips Frankliniella schultzei

Low Vector for PVY & TSWV MEDIUM priority in NSW Riverina but HIGH in some other NSW regions.

F L M M M L-H L

TAS - Thrips are the vector of TSWV, so the problem is sporadic.

P L L L-M L L-M L



Comment

Fresh / Process



Two-Spotted/Red Spider Mite Tetranychus spp.

Low

F L L L UN - L

L

P L L L L L L

Vegetable Leafhopper Austroasca viridigrisea

Low LOW priority in NSW Riverina but MEDIUM in some other NSW regions.

F L L-M L L UN - M

L

P L L L L L L

Weevils - - Garden Weevil Phlyctinus callosus - Spotted Vegetable Weevil, Carrot Weevil, Maculate Curculio Desiantha diversipes - Spotted Vegetable Weevil Steriphus diversipes - Vegetable Weevil Listroderes difficilis

Low

F L L L L L-M L

P L L L L L L


High Sporadic but potential to do a lot of damage. Priority varies from LOW - HIGH depending on the region & the season.

F L L-H M H L-H M-H

TAS - Can cause damage if not controlled.

P M M L-M M M M

Wingless Grasshopper Phaulacridium vittatum

Low

F L L L L UN - M

L

P L L L L L L


Medium Priority varies from LOW - MEDIUM depending on the region & the season.

F L L-M M M L-M L

TAS - A problem in poorer soils that have not been cropped. Manageable.

P L L L L L L

TABLE KEY: Note that blank fields in the table indicate no information has been provided. F = Fresh - sold onto the fresh market P = Process - sold or produced for use only in processed potato product, e.g. frozen, packaged. L = Low M = Medium H = High N/A = Not applicable - very low incidence, rare, spasmodic or seasonal UN = Unknown - does not occur in this region


4.2.2 Available and potential products for insect and mite pests

- NOTE: Pests listed alphabetically – see table above for priorities.

PEST / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

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Use

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g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

African Black Beetle Heteronychus arator Betacyfluthrin (BULLDOCK)

3A Non-systemic, contact, stomach

P Registered in Aust. in avocados & macadamias for control of Fruit Spotting Bug & for Macadamia Nut Borer in macadamias. O/S MRLs could support registration or a minor-use permit in Aust. V. disruptive to many beneficial insects. Put on hold as Bifenthrin may be better.

Bifenthrin (TALSTAR)

3A Systemic, contact

P Registered in Aust. in a range of crops including for the control of beetles, Heliothis, RLEM, weevils, whitefly & wireworms. O/S MRLs exist. As a soil application for the control of Whitefringed Weevil & wireworms there should be no residues. IPM disruptive. This product has a better fit than Alpha-Cypermethrin as it has been identified for the control of other major pests. This product should be pursued.

Cadusafos (RUGBY)

1B Contact, stomach

P Registered in bananas, ginger, sugar cane, tobacco, tomatoes for the control of Root Knot Nematode & registered for other nematode species. Also registered in bananas for Banana Weevil Borer & in sugar can for Childers Canegrub.

Chlorantraniliprole (CORAGEN)

28 Stomach NR P-A Registered in Aust. in potatoes for the control of Heliothis (Cotton Bollworm & Native Budworm) & Potato Moth. It is considered to have an excellent IPM fit. Registered to target foliar infestations of Potato Moth & will not control larvae in stems or soil.

Chlorpyrifos (LORSBAN)

1B Systemic, contact,

NA A Not used as a soil treatment for this pest. Registered in Aust. in potatoes as a soil treatment for control of African Black Beetle (NSW & WA ONLY), Whitefringed Weevil (NSW, VIC & WA ONLY) & wireworms (VIC ONLY). Chlorpyrifos is commonly applied at planting. Alternated with Fipronil. Growers claim it works okay when used at top label rate. Need options. Used as a foliar spray 2-4 X / crop.

Fipronil (REGENT)

2C Systemic, contact

NR P-A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for Mole Cricket, Whitefringed Weevil & wireworms as a broadcast spray applied to the soil & incorporated prior to planting. V. disruptive to many beneficial insects. Registered in other crops for a range of pests as a foliar treatment. O/S MRLs exist. Currently under review by the APVMA. This product should be put on hold until review is finalised.

Imidacloprid (CONFIDOR)


P Registered in Aust. in sweet potatoes & other crops but NOT potatoes for aphids, beetles, bugs, Silver Leaf Whitefly & other pests. V. disruptive to many beneficial insects. NOT registered in other crops for this pest. Has MRLs in many overseas countries. This product should be pursued

Oxamyl (VYDATE)


P Registered in sweet potatoes but NOT potatoes in ALL states for the control of Root Knot Nematode. Also registered in bananas for Banana Weevil Borer.


PEST / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Aphids - Black Peach Aphid Brachycaudus persicae - Green Peach Aphid Myzus persicae - Potato Aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae Acetamiprid (SUPREME)

4A Systemic, contact, stomach

7 P-A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Green Peach Aphid ONLY

Alpha-cypermethrin (FASTAC DUO)


14 P-A Permit PER12612 (Exp. 30-Apr-21) for the control of Garden Weevil ONLY in QLD & TAS ONLY. Registered in other crops as a foliar treatment for the control of aphids, cutworms, Heliothis, loopers, RLEM & Plague Thrips. NOT registered in potatoes. There are limited overseas MRLs, but the use pattern should lead to no residues (soil applied). IPM disruptive. This product has a better fit than Bifenthrin, but Bifenthrin has been identified for other pests as well. This product should not be pursued.

Clothianidin (SAMURAI)


P Registered in Aust. in ALL states in peaches & nectarines for the control of Green Peach Aphid. O/S MRLs exist. In the same chemical group as Imidacloprid. Therefore to minimise any resistance risk, this product should not be pursued.

Diafenthiuron (PEGASUS)

12A Contact, stomach & some ovicidal

P Registered in Aust. in cotton for the control of Two-Spotted Mite, Cotton Aphid & suppression of Silverleaf Whitefly. In a different group from other insecticides. There are limited O/S MRLs & limited vegetable MRLs in Aust. This product should be put on hold until a new insecticide is needed as a significant amount of data needs to be generated to obtain access.

Dimethoate (ROGOR)

1B Contact, residual, systemic

14 A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for the control of aphids, jassids, mites, leafhoppers, GVB, thrips & Wingless Grasshoppers. Under current review by the APVMA. Restrictions (PER13155) have been imposed but Dimethoate may still be used on certain crops including potatoes. Commonly used 1-4 X / crop & considered effective. VIC growers moving towards softer options & IPM

Fatty acids of potassium salts (NATRASOAP)

U1 Contact NR A Registered in Aust. in vegetables & fruit trees for aphids, thrips, mealybugs, mites & whitefly control Residues exempt & overseas MRLs are not an issue. Has a moderate IPM fit. It is moderately toxic to 4 of the 5 main predatory mites including Phytoseiulus persimilis (Two-Spotted Mite predator). It is non- toxic to the main predatory ladybirds, lacewings & all aphid predators except Encarsia formosa. Is a contact bio-insecticide with excellent IPM compatibility. This product should be pursued.

Flonicamid (MAINMAN)

9C Systemic, residual

14 A Registered in Aust. for the control of aphids & mealybug in apples; for the control of aphids & mirids in cotton; for the control of aphids & Silverleaf Whitefly in cucurbits; & for the control of aphids in potatoes.





PEST / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Imidacloprid + Spirotetramat - (MOVENTO ENERGY)

4A + 23

Systemic, contact + Stomach

P Registered in Aust. in bananas for the control of Banana Rust Thrip & Banana Weevil Borer.

Omethoate (FOLIMAT)

1B Systemic, contact

P-A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Green Peach Aphid ONLY. Occasionally used up to 2X / crop & is considered effective. Under APVMA review & current proposed recommendation is for restriction to non-food uses ONLY - as a barrier spray for Red-Legged Earth Mite & for ornamentals.

Permethrin (AMBUSH)

3A Contact, stomach

2 P-A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for the control of Potato Moth ONLY. Registered in other crops for cutworm, Heliothis & LBAM. Permethrin is only used as needed which is about 1-4 X / crop. Mostly used in QLD. Not registered in other crops for aphids or mites.

Permethrin (GAUCHO)

3A Contact, stomach

P Registered in Aust. in other crops as a pre-plant seed treatment for the control of aphids, crickets, Redlegged Earth Mite, thrips & wireworms. O/S MRLs exist & known efficacy in other crops for crickets. It is reported to be toxic to some beneficial species such as ladybirds. May be not as toxic as a seed treatment. Unknown if this form of seed treatments fits with potato seed piece preparation. This needs to be determined before this product is pursued for efficacy for crickets & Redlegged Earth Mite.

Pirimicarb (PIRIMOR)


2 P-A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Potato Aphid ONLY. Occasionally used, up to 3 X / crop & only as needed. Very effective. Single spray can disrupt beneficials for up to 4 days after spraying (Qld PMS 2008).

Phorate (THIMET)

1B Systemic, contact, stomach

91* A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes & sweet potatoes for the control of aphids, thrips, jassids, organo-phosphate susceptible Two Spotted Mite & wireworms. Applied in as an in-furrow granule or as a banded treatment to each side of the row at planting. *WHP = 13 weeks

Pymetrozine (METRO)


Nil P-A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Green Peach Aphid ONLY. Note: Minimum retreatment interval 14 days.

Spirotetramat (MOVENTO)

23 Stomach 7 P-A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes & sweet potatoes for the control of Green Peach Aphid & Silver Leaf Whitefly. Label restriction: Do not apply more than 3 applications per crop.

Thiamethoxam (ACTARA)


P Registered in Aust. in cotton, citrus & tomatoes for a range of pests including Green Peach Aphid, Silver Leaf Whitefly & thrips. O/S MRLs exist. A Group 4A insecticide in the same chemical group as Imidacloprid & Clothianidin. Therefore to minimise any resistance risk, this product should not be pursued.

Common or European Earwig (Forficula auricularia) Carbaryl (BUGMASTER)

1A Contact, stomach

3 A Registered in Aust. in potatoes for the control of armyworms, cutworms, European Earwig, Green Vegetable Bug, Heliothis / budworms, Leaf Eating Ladybird, Potato Moth, Rutherglen Bug & Wingless Grasshopper. Carbaryl is not used for controlling Potato Moth.


PEST / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Indoxacarb (AVATAR)


P Registered in Aust. in various crops for a range of pests including Common / European Earwig, Heliothis, LBAM, Potato Moth, weevils & Wingless Grasshoppers. It is IPM compatible. O/S MRLs exist. This product should be pursued.

Crickets - Black Field Cricket Teleogryllus commodus - Australian Mole Cricket Gryllotalpa australis Betacyfluthrin (BULLDOCK)





NR P-A Registered in Aust. in potatoes as a soil treatment for control of African Black Beetle (NSW & WA ONLY), Whitefringed Weevil (NSW, VIC & WA ONLY) & wireworms (VIC ONLY). NOT registered for control of crickets. Chlorpyrifos is commonly used as an application at planting, i.e. 1 X / crop. Need to extend use to ALL states.

Fipronil (REGENT)


NR P-A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for Mole Cricket, Whitefringed Weevil & wireworms as a broadcast spray applied to the soil & incorporated prior to planting. V. disruptive to many beneficial insects. Registered in other crops for a range of pests as a foliar treatment. O/S MRLs exist. Currently under review by the APVMA. This product should be put on hold until review is finalised.



P Registered in Aust. in sweet potatoes & other crops but NOT potatoes for aphids, beetles, bugs, Silver Leaf Whitefly & other pests. V. disruptive to many beneficial insects. NOT registered in other crops for this pest. Has MRLs in many overseas countries. This product should be pursued.


4A + 23



Permethrin (GAUCHO)

3A Contact, stomach



PEST / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Cutworms Agrotis spp. Alpha-cypermethrin (FASTAC DUO)



Carbaryl (BUGMASTER)

1A Contact, stomach




Lambda-cyhalothrin (KARATE)

3A Contact, stomach

7 P-A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for the control of Vegetetable Jassid. Registered in other crops for cutworms, Heliothis, Redlegged Earth Mite, Rutherglen Bug, & thrips. As there are other Group 3A insecticides available, these should be investigated instead. This product should not be pursued.

Methomyl (LANNATE)


Nil P-A Registered in potatoes in ALL states for the control of Potato Moth & for the control of Potato Looper in QLD & WA. Registered in other crops for the control of cutworms, grasshoppers, GVB, Heliothis, LBAM, loopers, thrips & wireworms. Methomyl is not used for controlling Potato Moth.

Permethrin (AMBUSH)

3A Contact, stomach


Spinetoram (SUCCESS NEO)

5 Residual, contact, stomach

3 P-A Registered in Aust. for use in root & tuber vegetables including potatoes & sweet potato for the control of Heliothis, loopers, Light Brown Apple Moth & Potato Moth.

Spinosad (SUCCESS 2 NATURALYTE)

5A 3 P-A Registered in Aust. for use in root & tuber vegetables including potatoes & sweet potato for the control of Heliothis, loopers, Light Brown Apple Moth & Potato Moth. Spinosad is commonly used in Bundaberg area, up to 3 X / crop. Very effective.

Grasshoppers Orthoptera Priority: ---- Carbaryl (BUGMASTER)

1A Contact, stomach



PEST / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

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Effi

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WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Methomyl (LANNATE)



Green Vegetable Bug - GVB Nezara viridula Carbaryl (BUGMASTER)

1A Contact, stomach


Dimethoate (ROGOR)



Methomyl (LANNATE)



Heliothis Helicoverpa spp. Abamectin (VERTIMEC)

6 Contact, residual

P Registered in Aust. in various crops for a range of pests including Heliothis, Potato Moth & TSM. It is IPM compatible. O/S MRLs exist. This product should be pursued.

Alpha-cypermethrin (FASTAC DUO)





P Registered in Aust. in a range of crops including for the control of beetles, Heliothis, RLEM, weevils, whitefly & wireworms. O/S MRLs exist. As a soil application for the control of Whitefringed Weevil & wireworms there should be no residues. IPM disruptive. This product has a better fit than Alpha-cypermethrin as it has been identified for the control of other major pests. This product should be pursued.


1A Contact, stomach



PEST / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

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IPM

rat

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Effi

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WH

P, d

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Ava

ilab

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Comments


28 Stomach NR A Registered in Aust. in potatoes for the control of Heliothis (Cotton Bollworm & Native Budworm) & Potato Moth. It is considered to have an excellent IPM fit. Registered to target foliar infestations of Potato Moth & will not control larvae in stems or soil.

Flubendiamide (BELT)

28 Stomach 1 A Registered in Aust. in root & tuber vegetables including potatoes & sweet potato for the control of Cabbage White Butterfly, Cluster Caterpillar, Diamondback Moth, Heliothis & Potato Moth.

Indoxacarb (AVATAR)




3A Contact, stomach


Methomyl (LANNATE)



Permethrin (AMBUSH)

3A Contact, stomach




3 A Registered in Aust. for use in root & tuber vegetables including potatoes & sweet potato for the control of Heliothis, loopers, Light Brown Apple Moth & Potato Moth.


5A 3 A Registered in Aust. for use in root & tuber vegetables including potatoes & sweet potato for the control of Heliothis, loopers, Light Brown Apple Moth & Potato Moth. Spinosad is commonly used in Bundaberg area, up to 3 X / crop. Very effective.

Thiodicarb (LARVIN)

1A Stomach, contact

7 / 21 A Registered in Aust. for use in potatoes for the control of Heliothis. * WHP - 7 days for harvest, 21 days for grazing.

Jassids Cicadellidae Dimethoate (ROGOR)




PEST / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

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Effi

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WH

P, d

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Ava

ilab

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Comments



14 P-A Registered in Aust. for the control of aphids & mealybug in apples; for the control of aphids & mirids in cotton; for the control of aphids & Silverleaf Whitefly in cucurbits; & for the control of aphids in potatoes.


3A Contact, stomach


Phorate (THIMET)


91* A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes & sweet potatoes for the control of aphids, thrips, jassids, organo-phosphate susceptible Two Spotted Mite & wireworms. NOT registered for control of Potato Moth. Applied in as an in-furrow granule or as a banded treatment to each side of the row at planting. *WHP = 13 weeks

Leaf Eating Ladybirds (Epilachna spp. & Henosepilachna spp.) Carbaryl (BUGMASTER)

1A Contact, stomach


Lightbrown Apple Moth - LBAM Epiphyas postvittana Chlorantraniliprole (CORAGEN)


Indoxacarb (AVATAR)



Methomyl (LANNATE)



Permethrin (AMBUSH)

3A Contact, stomach








PEST / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Loopers - including Australian Cabbage Looper Chrysodeixis subsidens Alpha-cypermethrin (FASTAC DUO)





Methidathion (SUPRACIDE)

1B Contact, stomach

7 A Registered in Aust. in ALL states for the control of loopers & Rutherglen Bug. Currently under review by the APVMA.

Methomyl (LANNATE)








Potato Moth / Potato Leafminer Phthorimaea operculella Abamectin (VERTIMEC)

6 Contact, residual


Acephate (ORTHENE)

1B Contact, stomach

3 A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Potato Moth ONLY. Acephate is not used for controlling Potato Moth


1A Contact, stomach



PEST / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

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Effi

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WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments


28 Stomach NR A Registered in Aust. in potatoes for the control of Heliothis (Cotton Bollworm & Native Budworm) & Potato Moth. It is considered to have an excellent IPM fit. Registered to target foliar infestations of Potato Moth & will not control larvae in stems or soil.

Diazinon (DIAZINON)

1B Respiratory, contact, stomach

14 A Registered in potatoes in TAS & SA ONLY for the control of Potato Moth. Diazinon is not used for controlling Potato Moth.


28 Stomach 1 A Registered in Aust. in root & tuber vegetables including potatoes & sweet potato for the control of Cabbage White Butterfly, Cluster Caterpillar, Diamondback Moth, Heliothis & Potato Moth.

Indoxacarb (AVATAR)



Methomyl (LANNATE)


Nil A Registered in potatoes in ALL states for the control of Potato Moth & for the control of Potato Looper in QLD & WA. Registered in other crops for the control of cutworms, grasshoppers, GVB, Heliothis, LBAM, loopers, thrips & wireworms. Methomyl is not used for controlling Potato Moth.

Permethrin (AMBUSH)

3A Contact, stomach


Permethrin (COOPEX DUSTING POWDER)

3A Contact, stomach

NA A Registered in Aust. for use in seed potatoes ONLY as a post-harvest / storage treatment for the control of Potato Moth ONLY. Coopex Dusting Powder (Permethrin) is used in storage ONLY in WA.

Phorate (THIMET)


91* P-A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes & sweet potatoes for the control of aphids, thrips, jassids, organo-phosphate susceptible Two Spotted Mite & wireworms. NOT registered for control of Potato Moth. Applied in as an in-furrow granule or as a banded treatment to each side of the row at planting. *WHP = 13 weeks






Redlegged Earth Mite - RLEM Halotydeus destructor Alpha-cypermethrin (FASTAC DUO)




PEST / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

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Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

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WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments




Dimethoate (ROGOR)


14 P Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for the control of aphids, jassids, mites, leafhoppers, GVB, thrips & Wingless Grasshoppers. Under current review by the APVMA. Restrictions (PER13155) have been imposed but Dimethoate may still be used on certain crops including potatoes. Commonly used 1-4 X / crop & considered effective. VIC growers moving towards softer options & IPM


U1 Contact NR A Registered in Aust. in vegetables & fruit trees for aphids, thrips, mealybugs, mites & whitefly control Residues exempt & overseas MRLs are not an issue. Has a moderate IPM fit. It is moderately toxic to 4 of the 5 main predatory mites including Phytoseiulus persimilis (Two-Spotted Mite predator). It is non- toxic to the main predatory ladybirds, lacewings & all aphid predators except Encarsia formosa. A contact bio-insecticide. This product should be pursued.


3A Contact, stomach



1B Contact, stomach

7 P-A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for the control of loopers & Rutherglen Bug. Currently under review by the APVMA.

Methomyl (LANNATE)



Permethrin (AMBUSH)

3A Contact, stomach


Permethrin (GAUCHO)

3A Contact, stomach


Rutherglen Bug Nysius vinitor Carbaryl (BUGMASTER)

1A Contact, stomach

3 A Registered in Aust. in potatoes for the control of armyworms, cutworms, European Earwig, Green Vegetable Bug, Heliothis / budworms, Leaf Eating


PEST / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Ladybird, Potato Moth, Rutherglen Bug & Wingless Grasshopper. Carbaryl is not used for controlling Potato Moth.


3A Contact, stomach



1B Contact, stomach

7 A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for the control of loopers & Rutherglen Bug. Currently under review by the APVMA.

Silverleaf Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (biotype B) Bifenthrin (TALSTAR)




U1 Contact NR A Registered in Aust. in vegetables & fruit trees for aphids, thrips, mealybugs, mites & whitefly control Residues exempt & overseas MRLs are not an issue. Has a moderate IPM fit. It is moderately toxic to 4 of the 5 main predatory mites including Phytoseiulus persimilis (Two-Spotted Mite predator). It is non- toxic to the main predatory ladybirds, lacewings & all aphid predators except Encarsia formosa. A contact bio-insecticide with excellent IPM compatibility. This product should be pursued.



14 P-A Registered in Aust. for the control of aphids & mealybug in apples; for the control of aphids & mirids in cotton; for the control of aphids & Silverleaf Whitefly in cucurbits; & for the control of aphids in potatoes.



P Registered in Aust. in sweet potatoes & other crops but NOT potatoes for aphids, beetles, bugs, Silver Leaf Whitefly & other pests. V. disruptive to many beneficial insects. NOT registered in other crops for this pest. Has MRLs in many overseas countries. This product should be pursued.


23 Stomach 7 A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes & sweet potatoes for the control of Green Peach Aphid & Silver Leaf Whitefly. Label restriction: Do not apply more than 3 applications per crop.

Thrips Thysanoptera - Onion Thrip Thrips tabaci - Tomato Thrip Frankliniella schultzei Alpha-cypermethrin (FASTAC DUO)


14 P-A Permit PER12612 (Exp. 30-Apr-21) for the control of Garden Weevil ONLY in QLD & TAS ONLY. Registered in other crops as a foliar treatment for the control of


PEST / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

aphids, cutworms, Heliothis, loopers, RLEM & Plague Thrips. NOT registered in potatoes. There are limited overseas MRLs, but the use pattern should lead to no residues (soil applied). IPM disruptive. This product has a better fit than Bifenthrin, but Bifenthrin has been identified for other pests as well. This product should not be pursued.

Dimethoate (ROGOR)






4A + 23




3A Contact, stomach


Methomyl (LANNATE)



Permethrin (GAUCHO)

3A Contact, stomach


Phorate (THIMET)


91* P-A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes & sweet potatoes for the control of aphids, thrips, jassids, organo-phosphate susceptible TSM & wireworms. NOT registered for control of Potato Moth. Granule applied either in-furrow or a banded treatment to each side of the row at planting. *WHP = 13 weeks


PEST / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Two-Spotted/Red Spider Mite - TSM Tetranychus spp. Abamectin (VERTIMEC)

6 Contact, residual



12A Contact, stomach &

some ovicidal


Dimethoate (ROGOR)





Phorate (THIMET)



Vegetetable Jassid / Vegetable Leafhopper Austroasca viridigrisea Dimethoate (ROGOR)




3A Contact, stomach


Phorate (THIMET)


91* P-A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes & sweet potatoes for the control of aphids, thrips, jassids, organo-phosphate susceptible Two Spotted Mite &


PEST / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

wireworms. NOT registered for control of Potato Moth. Applied in as an in-furrow granule or as a banded treatment to each side of the row at planting. *WHP = 13 weeks

Weevils - Garden Weevil Phlyctinus callosus - Spotted Vegetable Weevil, Carrot Weevil, Maculate Curculio Desiantha diversipes - Spotted Vegetable Weevil Steriphus diversipes - Vegetable Weevil Listroderes difficilis Alpha-cypermethrin (FASTAC DUO)






Fipronil (REGENT)


NR A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for Mole Cricket, Whitefringed Weevil & wireworms as a broadcast spray applied to the soil & incorporated prior to planting. V. disruptive to many beneficial insects. Registered in other crops for a range of pests as a foliar treatment. O/S MRLs exist. Currently under review by the APVMA.


4A + 23



Indoxacarb (AVATAR)



Whitefringed Weevil Naupactus leucoloma Alpha-cypermethrin (FASTAC DUO)




PEST / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

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WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments






NA A Registered in Aust. in potatoes as a soil treatment for control of African Black Beetle (NSW & WA ONLY), Whitefringed Weevil (NSW, VIC & WA ONLY) & wireworms (VIC ONLY). Chlorpyrifos is commonly applied at planting. Alternated with Fipronil. Used as a foliar spray 2-4 X / crop.




Fipronil (REGENT)



Indoxacarb (AVATAR)

22A Contact, stomach

P Registered in Aust. in various crops for a range of pests including Potato Moth in tomatoes. It is IPM compatible. O/S MRLs exist. Has known efficacy against this pest. This product should be pursued

Wingless Grasshopper Phaulacridium vittatum Carbaryl (BUGMASTER)

1A Contact, stomach


Dimethoate (ROGOR)



Indoxacarb (AVATAR)




PEST / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Methomyl (LANNATE)



Wireworms - Potato Wireworm Hapatesus hirtus Bifenthrin (TALSTAR)





NA A Registered in Aust. in potatoes as a soil treatment for control of African Black Beetle (NSW & WA ONLY), Whitefringed Weevil (NSW, VIC & WA ONLY) & wireworms (VIC ONLY). Chlorpyrifos is commonly applied at planting. Alternated with Fipronil. Growers claim it works okay when used at top label rate. Need options. Used as a foliar spray 2-4 X / crop.

Fipronil (REGENT)



Methomyl (LANNATE)



Permethrin (GAUCHO)

3A Contact, stomach


Phorate (THIMET)




TABLE KEY: Note that blank fields in the table indicate no information has been provided. Use rating: Grower’ rating of the likelihood of use, ranging from: ü = Some use, to üüü = Commonly used; X= Not used. NOTE that use ratings were only investigated for the high priority uses. IPM rating: Grower rating of IPM suitability from: ü = limited, to üüü = Good; V= variable, depending on beneficials. Efficacy: Growers’ rating of efficacy from: ü = Some efficacy, to üüü = Good efficacy; V= Variable reports of efficacy Availability: A = Available via either registration or permit approval P = Potential i.e. a possible candidate to pursue for registration or permit P-A = Potential, already approved in the crop for another use WHP = Withholding period - NR = Not required - NS = Not stated - NA = Not applicable


4.2.3 Priorities for action for insect and mite pests

Potential chemical options for control of high and medium priority insect and mite pests in potatoes:

PEST / Active Ingredient

Chem. Group Comment

African Black Beetle (Heteronychus arator) Betacyfluthrin (BULLDOCK)

3A Registered in Aust. in avocados & macadamias for control of Fruit Spotting Bug & for Macadamia Nut Borer in macadamias. O/S MRLs could support registration or a minor-use permit in Aust. V. disruptive to many beneficial insects. Put on hold as Bifenthrin may be better.


3A Registered in Aust. in a range of crops including for the control of beetles, Heliothis, RLEM, weevils, whitefly & wireworms. O/S MRLs exist. As a soil application for the control of Whitefringed Weevil & wireworms there should be no residues. IPM disruptive. This product has a better fit than Alpha-cypermethrin as it has been identified for the control of other major pests. This product should be pursued.

Cadusafos (RUGBY) 1B Registered in bananas, ginger, sugar cane, tobacco, tomatoes for the control of Root Knot Nematode & registered for other nematode species. Also registered in bananas for Banana Weevil Borer & in sugar can for Childers Canegrub.


28 Registered in Aust. in potatoes for the control of Heliothis (Cotton Bollworm & Native Budworm) & Potato Moth. It is considered to have an excellent IPM fit. Registered to target foliar infestations of Potato Moth & will not control larvae in stems or soil.

Fipronil (REGENT)

2C Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for Mole Cricket, Whitefringed Weevil & wireworms as a broadcast spray applied to the soil & incorporated prior to planting. V. disruptive to many beneficial insects. Registered in other crops for a range of pests as a foliar treatment. O/S MRLs exist. Currently under review by the APVMA. This product should be put on hold until review is finalised.


4A Registered in Aust. in sweet potatoes & other crops but NOT potatoes for aphids, beetles, bugs, Silver Leaf Whitefly & other pests. V. disruptive to many beneficial insects. NOT registered in other crops for this pest. Has MRLs in many overseas countries. This product should be pursued

Oxamyl (VYDATE)

1A Registered in sweet potatoes but NOT potatoes in ALL states for the control of Root Knot Nematode. Also registered in bananas for Banana Weevil Borer.

Aphids - Black Peach Aphid Brachycaudus persicae - Green Peach Aphid Myzus persicae - Potato Aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae Acetamiprid (SUPREME)

4A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Green Peach Aphid ONLY


4A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in peaches & nectarines for the control of Green Peach Aphid. O/S MRLs exist. In the same chemical group as Imidacloprid. Therefore to minimise any resistance risk, this product should not be pursued.


12A Registered in Aust. in cotton for the control of Two-Spotted Mite, Cotton Aphid & suppression of Silverleaf Whitefly. In a different group from other insecticides. There are limited O/S MRLs & limited vegetable MRLs in Aust. This product should be put on hold until a new insecticide is needed as a significant amount of data needs to be generated to obtain access.




4A + 23 Registered in Aust. in bananas for the control of Banana Rust Thrip & Banana Weevil Borer.

Omethoate (FOLIMAT)

1B Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Green Peach Aphid ONLY. Occasionally used up to 2X / crop & is considered effective. Under APVMA review & current proposed recommendation is for restriction to non-food uses ONLY - as a barrier spray for Red-Legged Earth Mite & for ornamentals.

Permethrin (AMBUSH)

3A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for the control of Potato Moth ONLY. Registered in other crops for cutworm, Heliothis & LBAM. Permethrin is only used as needed which is about 1-4 X / crop. Mostly used in QLD. Not registered in other crops for aphids or mites.



Chem. Group Comment

Permethrin (GAUCHO)

3A Registered in Aust. in other crops as a pre-plant seed treatment for the control of aphids, crickets, Redlegged Earth Mite, thrips & wireworms. O/S MRLs exist & known efficacy in other crops for crickets. It is reported to be toxic to some beneficial species such as ladybirds. May be not as toxic as a seed treatment. Unknown if this form of seed treatments fits with potato seed piece preparation. This needs to be determined before this product is pursued for efficacy for crickets & Redlegged Earth Mite.


1A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Potato Aphid ONLY. Occasionally used, up to 3 X / crop & only as needed. Very effective. Single spray can disrupt beneficials for up to 4 days after spraying (Qld PMS 2008).

Pymetrozine (METRO)

9B Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Green Peach Aphid ONLY. Note: Minimum retreatment interval 14 days


4A Registered in Aust. in cotton, citrus & tomatoes for a range of pests including Green Peach Aphid, Silver Leaf Whitefly & thrips. O/S MRLs exist. A Group 4A insecticide in the same chemical group as Imidacloprid & Clothianidin. Therefore to minimise any resistance risk, this product should not be pursued.


Indoxacarb (AVATAR)

22A Registered in Aust. in various crops for a range of pests including Common / European Earwig, Heliothis, LBAM, Potato Moth, weevils & Wingless Grasshoppers. It is IPM compatible. O/S MRLs exist. This product should be pursued.

Crickets - Black Field Cricket Teleogryllus commodus - Australian Mole Cricket Gryllotalpa australis Betacyfluthrin (BULLDOCK)

3A Registered in Aust. in avocados & macadamias for control of Fruit Spotting Bug & for Macadamia Nut Borer in macadamias. O/S MRLs could support registration or a minor-use permit in Aust. V. disruptive to many beneficial insects. Put on hold as Bifenthrin may be better.


1B Registered in Aust. in potatoes as a soil treatment for control of African Black Beetle (NSW & WA ONLY), Whitefringed Weevil (NSW, VIC & WA ONLY) & wireworms (VIC ONLY). NOT registered for control of crickets. Chlorpyrifos is commonly used as an application at planting, i.e. 1 X / crop. Need to extend use to ALL states.

Fipronil (REGENT)

2C Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for Mole Cricket, Whitefringed Weevil & wireworms as a broadcast spray applied to the soil & incorporated prior to planting. V. disruptive to many beneficial insects. Commonly used 1 X / year, as an application at planting. Alternated with Chlorpyrifos. Registered in other crops for a range of pests as a foliar treatment. O/S MRLs exist. Currently under review by the APVMA. This product should be put on hold until review is finalised.





Permethrin (GAUCHO)




Chem. Group Comment

Cutworms Agrotis spp. Chlorantraniliprole (CORAGEN)



3A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for the control of Vegetetable Jassid. Registered in other crops for cutworms, Heliothis, Redlegged Earth Mite, Rutherglen Bug, & thrips. As there are other Group 3A insecticides available, these should be investigated instead. This product should not be pursued.

Methomyl (LANNATE)

1A Registered in potatoes in ALL states for the control of Potato Moth & for the control of Potato Looper in QLD & WA. Registered in other crops for the control of cutworms, grasshoppers, GVB, Heliothis, LBAM, loopers, thrips & wireworms. NOT registered in other crops for Redlegged Earth Mite. Methomyl is not used for controlling Potato Moth.

Permethrin (AMBUSH)



5 Registered in Aust. for use in root & tuber vegetables including potatoes & sweet potato for the control of Heliothis, loopers, Light Brown Apple Moth & Potato Moth.


5A Registered in Aust. for use in root & tuber vegetables including potatoes & sweet potato for the control of Heliothis, loopers, Light Brown Apple Moth & Potato Moth. Spinosad is commonly used in Bundaberg area, up to 3 X / crop. Very effective.

Grasshoppers Orthoptera Methomyl (LANNATE)


Green Vegetable Bug - GVB Nezara viridula Methomyl (LANNATE)


Heliothis Helicoverpa spp. Abamectin (VERTIMEC)

6 Registered in Aust. in various crops for a range of pests including Heliothis, Potato Moth & TSM. It is IPM compatible. O/S MRLs exist. This product should be pursued.



Indoxacarb (AVATAR)




Methomyl (LANNATE)


Permethrin (AMBUSH)




Chem. Group Comment

Jassids Cicadellidae Flonicamid (MAINMAN)

9C Registered in Aust. for the control of aphids & mealybug in apples; for the control of aphids & mirids in cotton; for the control of aphids & Silverleaf Whitefly in cucurbits; & for the control of aphids in potatoes.

Leaf Eating Ladybirds (Epilachna spp. & Henosepilachna spp.) (NIL)

Lightbrown Apple Moth - LBAM Epiphyas postvittana Chlorantraniliprole (CORAGEN)


Indoxacarb (AVATAR)


Methomyl (LANNATE)


Permethrin (AMBUSH)


Loopers - including Australian Cabbage Looper Chrysodeixis subsidens Chlorantraniliprole (CORAGEN)


Methomyl (LANNATE)


Potato Moth / Potato Leafminer Phthorimaea operculella Abamectin (VERTIMEC)


Indoxacarb (AVATAR)


Phorate (THIMET)

1B Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes & sweet potatoes for the control of aphids, thrips, jassids, organo-phosphate susceptible Two Spotted Mite & wireworms. NOT registered for control of Potato Moth. Applied in as an in-furrow granule or as a banded treatment to each side of the row at planting. *WHP = 13 weeks

Redlegged Earth Mite - RLEM Halotydeus destructor Alpha-cypermethrin (FASTAC DUO)

3A Permit PER12612 (Exp. 30-Apr-21) for the control of Garden Weevil ONLY in QLD & TAS ONLY. Registered in other crops as a foliar treatment for the control of aphids, cutworms, Heliothis, loopers, RLEM & Plague Thrips. NOT registered in potatoes. There are limited overseas MRLs, but the use pattern should lead to no residues (soil applied). IPM disruptive. This product has a better fit than Bifenthrin, but Bifenthrin has been identified for other pests as well. This product should not be pursued.





Chem. Group Comment


U1 Registered in Aust. in vegetables & fruit trees for aphids, thrips, mealybugs, mites & whitefly control. Residues exempt & overseas MRLs are not an issue. Has a moderate IPM fit. It is moderately toxic to 4 of the 5 main predatory mites including Phytoseiulus persimilis (Two-Spotted Mite predator). It is non- toxic to the main predatory ladybirds, lacewings & all aphid predators except Encarsia formosa. Is a contact bio-insecticide with excellent IPM compatibility. This product should be pursued.




1B Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for the control of loopers & Rutherglen Bug. Currently under review by the APVMA.

Methomyl (LANNATE)


Permethrin (AMBUSH)


Permethrin (GAUCHO)

3A Registered in Aust. in other crops as a pre-plant seed treatment for the control of aphids, crickets, Redlegged Earth Mite, thrips & wireworms O/S MRLs exist & known efficacy in other crops for crickets. It is reported to be toxic to some beneficial species such as ladybirds. May be not as toxic as a seed treatment. Unknown if this form of seed treatments fits with potato seed piece preparation. This needs to be determined before this product is pursued for efficacy for crickets & Redlegged Earth Mite.

Rutherglen Bug Nysius vinitor Lambda-cyhalothrin (KARATE)


Silverleaf Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (biotype B) Flonicamid (MAINMAN)





4A Registered in Aust. in sweet potatoes & other crops but NOT potatoes for aphids, beetles, bugs, Silver Leaf Whitefly & other pests. V. disruptive to many beneficial insects. NOT registered in other crops for this pest. Has MRLs in many overseas countries. This product should be pursued.

Thrips - Onion Thrip Thrips tabaci - Tomato Thrip Frankliniella schultzei Imidacloprid + Spirotetramat - (MOVENTO ENERGY)




Chem. Group Comment



Methomyl (LANNATE)


Permethrin (GAUCHO)


Phorate (THIMET)

1B Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes & sweet potatoes for the control of aphids, thrips, jassids, organo-phosphate susceptible TSM & wireworms. NOT registered for control of Potato Moth. Granule applied either in-furrow or a banded treatment to each side of the row at planting. *WHP = 13 weeks

Two-Spotted/Red Spider Mite - TSM Tetranychus spp. Abamectin (VERTIMEC)



12A Registered in Aust. in cotton for the control of Two-Spotted Mite, Cotton Aphid & suppression of Silverleaf Whitefly. In a different group from other insecticides. There are limited O/S MRLs & limited vegetable MRLs in Aust. This product should be put on hold until a new insecticide is needed as a significant amount of data needs to be generated to obtain access.

Phorate (THIMET)

1B Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes & sweet potatoes for the control of aphids, thrips, jassids, organo-phosphate susceptible Two Spotted Mite & wireworms. NOT registered for control of Potato Moth. Applied in as an in-furrow granule or as a banded treatment to each side of the row at planting. *WHP = 13 weeks.

Vegetetable Jassid / Vegetable Leafhopper Austroasca viridigrisea





Phorate (THIMET)


Weevils - Garden Weevil Phlyctinus callosus - Spotted Vegetable Weevil, Carrot Weevil, Maculate Curculio Desiantha diversipes - Spotted Vegetable Weevil Steriphus diversipes - Vegetable Weevil Listroderes difficilis Alpha-cypermethrin (FASTAC DUO) PER12612 Exp. 30-Apr-21

3A Permit for the control of Garden Weevil ONLY in QLD & TAS ONLY. Registered in other crops as a foliar treatment for the control of aphids, cutworms, Heliothis, loopers, RLEM & Plague Thrips. NOT registered in potatoes. There are limited overseas MRLs, but the use pattern should lead to no residues (soil applied). IPM disruptive. This product has a better fit than Bifenthrin, but Bifenthrin has been identified for other pests as well. This product should not be pursued.



Chem. Group Comment


3A Registered in Aust. in a range of crops including for the control of beetles, Heliothis, RLEM, weevils, whitefly & wireworms O/S MRLs exist. As a soil application for the control of Whitefringed Weevil & wireworms there should be no residues. IPM disruptive. This product has a better fit than Alpha-cypermethrin as it has been identified for the control of other major pests. This product should be pursued.



Indoxacarb (AVATAR)


Whitefringed Weevil Naupactus leucoloma Alpha-cypermethrin (FASTAC DUO) PER12612 Exp. 30-Apr-21

3A Permit PER12612 (Exp. 30-Apr-21) for the control of Garden Weevil ONLY in QLD & TAS ONLY. Registered in other crops as a foliar treatment for the control of aphids, cutworms, Heliothis, loopers, RLEM & Plague Thrips. NOT registered in potatoes. There are limited overseas MRLs, but the use pattern should lead to no residues (soil applied). IPM disruptive. This product has a better fit than Bifenthrin, but Bifenthrin has been identified for other pests as well. This product should not be pursued.




4A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in peaches & nectarines for the control of Green Peach Aphid. O/S MRLs exist. In the same chemical group as Imidacloprid. Therefore to minimise any resistance risk, this product should not be pursued.

Indoxacarb (AVATAR)

22A Registered in Aust. in various crops for a range of pests including Common / European Earwig, Heliothis, LBAM, Potato Moth, weevils & Wingless Grasshoppers. It is IPM compatible. O/S MRLs. This product should be pursued.

Wingless Grasshopper Phaulacridium vittatum Indoxacarb (AVATAR)

22A Registered in Aust. in various crops for a range of pests including Common / European Earwig, Heliothis, LBAM, Potato Moth, weevils & Wingless Grasshoppers. It is IPM compatible. O/S MRLs exist This product should be pursued.

Wireworms - Potato Wireworm Hapatesus hirtus Bifenthrin (TALSTAR)


Methomyl (LANNATE)


Permethrin (GAUCHO)


Phorate (THIMET)



4.3 Other invertebrate pests in potatoes 4.3.1 Other invertebrate pests


Comment Fresh / Process



Potato Cyst Nematode - PCN Globodera rostochiensis

(NIL) VIC - Original outbreak SA - More of a political, than a chemical issue, but would be good to have a chemical available & registered for the control if there is an outbreak.

F L

P

Root Knot Nematode - RKN Meloidogyne spp.

High Variety Snowden is susceptible. SA - More of a common issue in the cooler climate areas of SA. Does not impact the Mallee as bad due to the unfavourable conditions in the rotation. NSW - MEDIUM priority in NSW Riverina, LOW in other NSW regions. VIC - Localised & sporadic damage generally

F L-H L-M M L-H UN-H

L-M

With removal of Fenamiphos there are minimal other cost effective control measures. TAS - It is present but dangerous populations are confined to non-arable soils, or those that have not been disturbed for many years.

P H H L-H L-M H M

Root Lesion Nematode - RLN Pratylenchus penetrans

(NIL) Potato tubers show symptoms similar to Common Scab. P. penetrans survives storage of potatoes & new infections may come from infested seed.

F UN

P



4.3.2 Available and potential products for other invertebrate pests

PEST / Active

Ingredient C

hem

ical

gr

oup

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Nematodes - Potato Cyst Nematode - PCN Globodera rostochiensis - Root Knot Nematode - RKN Meloidogyne spp. - Root Lesion Nematode - RLN Pratylenchus penetrans Cadusafos (RUGBY)

1B Contact, stomach

P Registered in bananas, ginger, sugar cane, tobacco, tomatoes for the control of Root Knot Nematode & registered for other nematode species. Also registered in bananas for Banana Weevil Borer & in sugar can for Childers Canegrub. Crop safety needs to be determined before pursuing. O/S MRLs exist & should be pursued.

Carbofuran (FURADAN)


P Registered in rice, sugarcane & tobacco for the control of Heliothis, stem borers & nematodes. For soil pests it is applied as a banded spray & incorporated. APVMA status is that the current use of Carbofuran is at very low levels & is not a high priority for review.




Fenamiphos (NEMACUR) - Granule

1B Systemic, contact, root absorbed

* * Registered in strawberry runner production ONLY for the control of Crimp Nematode. Reviewed by APVMA & regulatory decision to delete all use patterns except strawberry runners.

Fenamiphos (NEMACUR) - Liquid


* * Registered in bananas & aloe vera for the control of soil borne plant parasitic nematodes. Reviewed by APVMA & regulatory decision to delete all use patterns except aloe vera planting material & banana planting material.

Metham sodium (METHAM)

Z Fumigant NA A Registered in Aust. as a pre-plant soil fumigant for the control of soil-borne pests in ornamentals, food & fibre crops, tobacco, & control of certain weeds, nematodes, symphylids & fungus diseases & onion weed. Commonly used in WA & NSW.

Oxamyl (VYDATE)


P Registered in sweet potatoes but NOT potatoes in ALL states for the control of Root Knot Nematode. Also registered in bananas for Banana Weevil Borer. Crop safety needs to be determined before pursuing. O/S MRLs exist & should be pursued.

Terbufos (COUNTER)

1B Systemic P Registered in bananas, barley, maize, peanuts, sorghum, sunflowers, sweet corn & wheat for borers, nematodes & wireworms. Soil applied granule formulation. Currently on the APVMA Priority Candidate Review List (PCRL) that requires further research before a decision can be made about the need for a formal review. This product should be put on hold until review is finalised.


4.3.3 Priorities for action for other invertebrate pests

Active Ingredient Chem. Group Comment

Nematodes - Potato Cyst Nematode - PCN Globodera rostochiensis - Root Knot Nematode - RKN Meloidogyne spp. - Root Lesion Nematode - RLN Pratylenchus penetrans Cadusafos (RUGBY)

1B Registered in bananas, ginger, sugar cane, tobacco, tomatoes for the control of Root Knot Nematode & registered for other nematode species. Also registered in bananas for Banana Weevil Borer & in sugar can for Childers Canegrub. Crop safety needs to be determined before pursuing. O/S MRLs exist & should be pursued.


1A Registered in rice, sugarcane & tobacco for the control of Heliothis, stem borers & nematodes. For soil pests it is applied as a banded spray & incorporated. APVMA status is that the current use of Carbofuran is at very low levels & is not a high priority for review.

Oxamyl (VYDATE)

1A Registered in sweet potatoes but NOT potatoes in ALL states for the control of Root Knot Nematode. Also registered in bananas for Banana Weevil Borer. Crop safety needs to be determined before pursuing. O/S MRLs exist & should be pursued.


4.4 Plant growth regulator used in potatoes 4.4.1 Plant growth regulator options and priorities

Problem Previous Rank (2009)

Comment

Process / Fresh



Sprouting of stored potatoes

F

P

Pre-harvest treatment for sprouting of ground stored potatoes

F

P

4.4.2 Available and potential plant growth regulators

Active Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Activity

Use

- r

atin

g

IPM

rat

ing

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Sprouting of stored potatoes Priority: ---- Chlorpropham (POTATO STOP SPROUT)

K2 Mitosis inhibitor, root absorbed

NS A Registered in Aust. for dusting stored potatoes to prevent sprouting

Maleic hydrazide as potassium salt (SLOW GROW)

NS A Registered in Aust. as a foliar treatment applied after blossom fall to reduce premature sprouting of potatoes.

TABLE KEY: Note that blank fields in the table indicate no information has been provided. Use rating: Grower’ rating of the likelihood of use, ranging from: ü = Some use, to üüü = Commonly used; X= Not used. NOTE that use ratings were only investigated for the high priority uses. IPM rating: Grower rating of IPM suitability from: ü = limited, to üüü = Good; V= variable, depending on beneficials. Efficacy: Growers’ rating of efficacy from: ü = Some efficacy, to üüü = Good efficacy; V= Variable reports of efficacy Availability: A = Available via either registration or permit approval P = Potential i.e. a possible candidate to pursue for registration or permit P-A = Potential, already approved in the crop for another use WHP - Withholding period - NR - Not required - NS – Not stated - NA – Not applicable


4.5 Weeds in potatoes 4.5.1 Weed priorities

Weed Previous Rank (2009)

Comment

Process / Fresh



Amaranths Amaranthus spp.

High HIGH priority in NSW Riverina but LOW in other NSW regions.

F L L-H H M UN - L

UN - L

P L L L L L UN

Annual Rye Grass Lolium rigidum

(Nil) Resistance is going to be a very big issue going forward with limited chemical groups available

F H

P

Barnyard Grass Echinocloa crus-galli

(Nil) ONLY noted as a problem in NSW in the Riverina

F M

P

Blackberry Nightshade Solanum nigrum

High MEDIUM priority in NSW Riverina but HIGH in other NSW regions.

M M M H L-H

L

Difficult to control in lighter soils in some varieties with current chemistry.

L L L-H L L-H

L

English Couch, Quick Grass, Twitch Grass Elymus repens

(Nil) F

P H


High Some farms experiencing issues, where there is poor weed control but can be controlled with newer chemistry, e.g. Boxer Gold - more an education issue. Control of Fat Hen in Innovator or any Metribuzin sensitive varieties is a problem. NSW - Major summer weed in NSW Riverina & other NSW regions.

F M H H M-H L-H

L-M

Difficult to control in lighter soils in some varieties with current chemistry.

P H M M-H M H M


High Some farms experiencing issues, where there is poor weed control but can be controlled with chemicals.

F L L L L-M

UN-L

P L L L L L UN



Comment

Process / Fresh



Fumitory (Fumaria spp.)

(Nil)

F

P H

Johnson Grass (Sorghum halepense)

(Nil)

F

P


High LOW priority in NSW Riverina but HIGH in other NSW regions.

F L L-H H L-M L-H

L

P L L L-M L L UN

Melons - Watermelon, Wild Melon, Camel Melon, Bitter Melon Citrullus lanatus - Paddy Melon Cucumis myriocarpus

(Nil) ONLY noted as a problem in NSW in the Riverina

F H

P

Nut Sedge / Nutgrass Cyperus rotundus

High

F M L M L UN - L

UN - L

P H H L L L-

H L

Pigweed Portulaca oleracea

High

F L L L M L UN - L

P L L L L L UN

Thistles (Carduus spp.) - Sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus) - Spear Thistle (Cirsium vulgare) - Stemless Thistle (Onopordum acaulon) - Tumbleweed / Russian Thistle (Salsola australis)

High Priority varies from LOW - HIGH depending on the region.

F L L-M L L L-H

L

P L L L-H L L L

Turnip Weed Rapistrum rugosum

High Priority varies from LOW - HIGH depending on the region.

F L L-H L M-H L-H

L-M

P L L L L L M



Comment

Process / Fresh



Wild Radish Raphanus raphanistrum

High HIGH priority in NSW Riverina but LOW - MEDIUM in other NSW regions.

F L L-M-H

M M-H L-H

L-M

P L L L-H L L L



4.5.2 Available and potential herbicides for specific weeds - NOTE: Weeds listed alphabetically – see table above for priorities.

WEED / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p Situation

Use

- r

atin

g

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Amaranths Amaranthus spp. Chlorthal-dimethyl (DACTHAL)

D Pre-plant broad-spectrum

NR NR A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for the control of a range of broadleaf weeds. V. small amounts used in N. QLD.

Clomazone (COMMAND)

Q Post-plant, pre-plant broad-spectrum

NR P-A Registered in Aust. in potatoes for TAS ONLY for the control of Apple of Peru, Blackberry Nightshade, Fat Hen, Pig Weed, Potato Weed & Amaranth (suppression only). Occasionally used 1 X / crop.

EPTC (EPTAM)

J Pre-plant broad-spectrum

NR NR A Registered in Aust. for potatoes & general crop & non-crop situations for QLD, NSW, ACT & VIC ONLY for control annual grasses (Barnyard Grass, Crowsfoot Grass, Summer Grass, Wild Oats, Wimmera Ryegrass, Winter Grass & broadleaf weeds. (Amaranth, Blackberry Nightshade, Chickweed, Cudweed, Deadnettle, Fat Hen, Indian Hedge Mustard, Mexican Poppy, Giant Pigweed, Pigweed, Shepherd’s Purse, Smartweed plus Nutgrass & Couch Grass control. Occasionally used for Nut Sedge & Johnson Grass control in QLD. Effective.

Linuron (AFALON)

C Pre-plant / early post-emergent broad-spectrum

NR NR A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Three-cornered Jack (Double Gee), Capeweed, Wild Radish, Corn Gromwell, Wild Turnip, Deadnettle, Mustard, Turnip Weed, Rough Poppy, Slender Thistle, Fat Hen, Shepherd’s Purse, amaranth (incl. Dwarf, Green, Slim, Red Root, Powells), Blackberry Nightshade, Pigweed. Commonly used 1 X / crop in ALL states. Effective & controls weeds pre-emergent or at 5-10% emergence.

Prometryn (GESAGARD)


NR A Registered in Aust. in QLD, NSW, VIC, TAS, WA ONLY in potatoes for pre-emergent control of Amaranth (Powell’s, Slim & Redroot), Amsinckia, Blackberry Nightshade, Capeweed, Charlock, Chickweed, Corn Gromwell, Deadnettle, Fumitory (Common, White and Dense Flowered), Fat Hen, Hedge Mustard, Hexham Scent, Indian Hedge Mustard, Lesser Nettle, Mountain Sorrel, Rough Poppy, Three-cornered Jack, Wild Radish. Pre-emergent: suppression of Annual Ryegrass, Barnyard Grass, Prairie Grass and Summer Grass. Commonly used in ALL states 1 X / crop. Effective.

S-Metolachlor + Prosulfocarb (BOXER GOLD)

J + K Post-emergent

NR NR A Registered in potatoes to control Annual Ryegrass including control of Group D resistant populations, Barnyard Grass, Blackberry Nightshade, Fat Hen, Fumitory, Glossy Nightshade, Redroot, Summer Grass, Toad Rush Suppression of Common Thornapple, Fierce Thornapple


WEED / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Situation

Use

- r

atin

g

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Annual Rye Grass (Gp A & C herbicide resistant) Lolium rigidum Prometryn (GESAGARD)


A Registered in Aust. in QLD, NSW, VIC, TAS, WA ONLY in potatoes for pre-emergent control of Amaranth (Powell’s, Slim & Redroot), Amsinckia, Blackberry Nightshade, Capeweed, Charlock, Chickweed, Corn Gromwell, Deadnettle, Fumitory (Common, White and Dense Flowered), Fat Hen, Hedge Mustard, Hexham Scent, Indian Hedge Mustard, Lesser Nettle, Mountain Sorrel, Rough Poppy, Three-cornered Jack, Wild Radish. Pre-emergent: suppression of Annual Ryegrass, Barnyard Grass, Prairie Grass and Summer Grass. Commonly used in ALL states 1 X / crop. Effective.


J + K Post-emergent

A Registered in potatoes to control Annual Ryegrass including control of Group D resistant populations, Barnyard Grass, Blackberry Nightshade, Fat Hen, Fumitory, Glossy Nightshade, Redroot Amaranth, Summer Grass, Toad Rush Suppression of Common Thornapple, Fierce Thornapple

Barnyard Grass Echinocloa crus-galli

Clethodim (SELECT)

A Post-emergent grasses

A Registered in Aust. in potatoes for the control of Barnyard Grass, Blown Grass, Crowsfoot Grass, Feathertop Rhodes Grass, Liverseed Grass, Paradoxa Grass, Red Sprangletop Grass, seedling Johnson Grass, Summer Grass, volunteer sorghum. Commonly used in all states, 1 X / crop. Effective

EPTC (EPTAM)


NR A Registered in Aust. for potatoes & general crop & non-crop situations for QLD, NSW, ACT & VIC ONLY for control annual grasses (Barnyard Grass, Crowsfoot Grass, Summer Grass, Wild Oats, Wimmera Ryegrass, Winter Grass & broadleaf weeds. (Amaranth, Blackberry Nightshade, Chickweed, Cudweed, Deadnettle, Fat Hen, Indian Hedge Mustard, Mexican Poppy, Giant Pigweed, Pigweed, Shepherd’s Purse, Smartweed plus Nutgrass & Couch Grass control. Occasionally used for Nut Sedge & Johnson Grass control in QLD. Effective.

Fluazifop-P (FUSILADE)


*70 A Registered in Aust. in ALL states & NT in potatoes for the control of Barnyard Grass, Crowsfoot Grass, Liverseed Grass, Summer Grass / Crabgrass, Stinkgrass, Annual Wimmera Ryegrass, Wild Oats, Barley Grass, brome grasses, Annual Phalaris, volunteer cereals, Johnson Grass (seedling), & seedlings of couch grass, English Couch / Rope Twitch & Water Couch. Commonly used in ALL states 1 X / crop. Effective & controls all grasses post-emergent. * Has a very long WHP - 10 weeks - needs to be shortened.


WEED / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Situation

Use

- r

atin

g

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments




S-Metolachlor (DUAL GOLD)

K Pre-emergent

P Registered in sweet potatoes to control Black Pigweed, Red Shank, Potato Weed, Barnyard Grass, Crowsfoot Grass, Liverseed Grass, Love Grass, Pigeon Grass, Summer Grass &suppression of Evening Primrose


J + K Post-emergent


Sethoxydim (SERTIN)


A Registered in Aust. in TAS ONLY in potatoes for control of English Couch / Rope Twitch / Quack Grass, Onion Twitch / Bulbous Oat Grass. Commonly used 1 X / crop. Effective & controls all grasses post-emergent..

English Couch, Quick Grass, Twitch Grass Elymus repens

Clethodim (SELECT)



EPTC (EPTAM)






Sethoxydim (SERTIN)


A Registered in Aust. in TAS ONLY in potatoes for control of English Couch / Rope Twitch / Quack Grass, Onion Twitch / Bulbous Oat Grass. Commonly used 1 X / crop. Effective & controls all grasses post-emergent.


WEED / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Situation

Use

- r

atin

g

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments


Clomazone (COMMAND)

Q Post-plant, pre-plant broad-spectrum

NR P-A Registered in Aust. in potatoes for TAS ONLY for the control of Apple of Peru, Blackberry Nightshade, Fat Hen, Pig Weed, Potato Weed & Amaranth (suppression only). Occasionally used 1 X / crop.

Dicamba (BANVEL)

I Post-emergent broad-spectrum

7 A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in TAS ONLY for the control of Blackberry Nightshade, Chickweed, Climbing Buckwheat (Black Bindweed), clover, docks, Fat Hen, thistles, Wireweed (Hogweed). Applied after haulm senescence. Occasionally used 1 X / crop. Used post-emergent for Nightshade.

EPTC (EPTAM)




J + K Post-emergent



Nil

Fumitory (Species ?) S-Metolachlor + Prosulfocarb (BOXER GOLD)

J + K Post-emergent


Johnson Grass (Sorghum halepense) Clethodim (SELECT)



EPTC (EPTAM)




WEED / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Situation

Use

- r

atin

g

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments





Nil

Melons - Watermelon, Wild Melon, Camel Melon, Bitter Melon Citrullus lanatus - Paddy Melon Cucumis myriocarpus Rimsulfuron (TITUS)

B Post-emergent

P Registered in tomatoes (processing) for the control of Caltrop, Charlock, Heliotrope, Musky Crowfoot, Paddymelon, Sub-clover & suppression of Blackberry Nightshade.

Nightshade Solanum nigrum Cyanazine (BLADEX)


P-A Registered in Aust. in potatoes for TAS ONLY for the control of Blackberry Nightshade, Black Bindweed, Chickweed, clovers, Cotula, Crowfoot / Erodium / Storksbill, docks, Mountain Sorrel, Persicaria Redshank}, plantains, Sorrel, Sowthistle, Spear Thistle, Wild Turnip. Occasionally used 1 X / crop. Used early post-emergent for Nightshade. Can affect the crop.

Dicamba (BANVEL)


A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in TAS ONLY for the control of Blackberry Nightshade, Chickweed, Climbing Buckwheat (Black Bindweed), clover, docks, Fat Hen, thistles, Wireweed (Hogweed). Applied after haulm senescence. Occasionally used 1 X / crop. Used post-emergent for Nightshade.

Rimsulfuron (TITUS)

B Post-emergent

P Registered in tomatoes (processing) for the control of Caltrop, Charlock, Heliotrope, Musky Crowfoot, Paddymelon, Sub-clover & suppression of Blackberry Nightshade.


J + K Post-emergent


Nut Sedge / Nutgrass Cyperus rotundus EPTC (EPTAM)


NR A Registered in Aust. for potatoes & general crop & non-crop situations for QLD, NSW, ACT & VIC ONLY for control annual grasses (Barnyard Grass, Crowsfoot Grass, Summer Grass, Wild Oats, Wimmera Ryegrass, Winter Grass & broadleaf weeds. (Amaranth, Blackberry Nightshade, Chickweed, Cudweed, Deadnettle, Fat Hen, Indian Hedge Mustard, Mexican Poppy, Giant Pigweed, Pigweed, Shepherd’s Purse, Smartweed plus Nutgrass & Couch Grass control.


WEED / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Situation

Use

- r

atin

g

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Occasionally used for Nut Sedge & Johnson Grass control in QLD. Effective.

Pigweed Portulaca oleracea Chlorthal-dimethyl (DACTHAL)

D Pre-plant broad-spectrum

NR NR A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for the control of a range of broadleaf weeds. V. small amounts used in N. QLD.

EPTC (EPTAM)



Linuron (AFALON)




K Pre-emergent

P Registered in sweet potatoes to control Black Pigweed, Red Shank, Potato Weed, Barnyard Grass, Crowsfoot Grass, Liverseed Grass, Love Grass, Pigeon Grass, Summer Grass & suppression of Evening Primrose

Thistles (Carduus spp.) - Sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus) - Spear Thistle (Cirsium vulgare) - Stemless Thistle (Onopordum acaulon) - Tumbleweed / Russian Thistle (Salsola australis) Cyanazine (BLADEX)



Dicamba (BANVEL)


7 A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in TAS ONLY for the control of Blackberry Nightshade, Chickweed, Climbing Buckwheat (Black Bindweed), clover, docks, Fat Hen, thistles, Wireweed (Hogweed). Applied after haulm senescence. Occasionally used 1 X / crop. Used post-emergent for Nightshade.


WEED / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Situation

Use

- r

atin

g

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Linuron (AFALON)



Turnip Weed Rapistrum rugosum Cyanazine (BLADEX)



EPTC (EPTAM)



Linuron (AFALON)



Metribuzin (SENCOR)


NR A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Capeweed, Doublegee, Geranium, Mustard, Toad Rush, Turnip, Wild Radish, Wireweed & suppression of Annual Ryegrass, Barley Grass & Brome Grass. Commonly used, up to 2 X / crop in ALL states. Effective & controls weeds pre-emergent or post-emergent.

Wild Radish Raphanus raphanistrum EPTC (EPTAM)




WEED / Active

Ingredient

Ch

emic

al

grou

p

Situation

Use

- r

atin

g

Effi

cacy

WH

P, d

ays

Ava

ilab

ility

Comments

Linuron (AFALON)



Metribuzin (SENCOR)


NR A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Capeweed, Doublegee, Geranium, Mustard, Toad Rush, Turnip, Wild Radish, Wireweed & suppression of Annual Ryegrass, Barley Grass & Brome Grass. Commonly used, up to 2 X / crop in ALL states. Effective & controls weeds pre-emergent or post-emergent.





4.5.3 Weed control - registered and potential herbicides

Active ingredient Situation Use rating Comment / Use / Weed

Ava

ilab

ility

WHP Chemical group

2,2-DPA (PROPON)

Post-emergent broad-spectrum

Registered - NOT used. A J

2,4-D (LV ESTER 600)


Registered - NOT used. A I

Amitrole + ammonium thiocyanate (AMITROLE T)


Registered - NOT used. A Q

Asulam as Na salt (ASULOX)

Specific post-emergent knockdown

Occasionally used in VIC & TAS ONLY for dock control. Can affect the crop.

A NR R

Atrazine (ATRAZINE)


Registered - NOT used. A C

Clethodim (SELECT)

Post-emergent grasses

Registered in Aust. in potatoes for the control of Barnyard Grass, Blown Grass, Crowsfoot Grass, Feathertop Rhodes Grass, Liverseed Grass, Paradoxa Grass, Red Sprangletop Grass, seedling Johnson Grass, Summer Grass, volunteer sorghum. Commonly used in all states, 1 X / crop. Effective

A NR A

Chlorthal-dimethyl (DACTHAL)

Pre-plant broad-spectrum

Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for the control of a range of broadleaf weeds. V. small amounts used in N. QLD.

A NR D

Clomazone (COMMAND)

Post-plant, pre-plant broad-spectrum

Registered in Aust. in potatoes for TAS ONLY for the control of Apple of Peru, Blackberry Nightshade, Fat Hen, Pig Weed, Potato Weed & Amaranth (suppression only). Occasionally used 1 X / crop.

A NR Q

Cyanazine (BLADEX)

Pre-plant / early post-emergent broad-spectrum

Registered in Aust. in potatoes for TAS ONLY for the control of Blackberry Nightshade, Black Bindweed, Chickweed, clovers, Cotula, Crowfoot / Erodium / Storksbill, docks, Mountain Sorrel, Persicaria Redshank}, plantains, Sorrel, Sowthistle, Spear Thistle, Wild Turnip. Occasionally used 1 X / crop. Used early post-emergent for Nightshade. Can affect the crop.

A NR C

Dicamba (BANVEL)


Registered in Aust. in potatoes in TAS ONLY for the control of Blackberry Nightshade, Chickweed, Climbing Buckwheat (Black Bindweed), clover, docks, Fat Hen, thistles, Wireweed (Hogweed). Applied after haulm senescence. Occasionally used 1 X / crop. Used post-emergent for Nightshade.

A 7 I

Diquat (REGLONE)

General knockdown pre-plant & crop desiccation herbicide

Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for potato haulm desiccation & for pre-harvest weed control in ground-stored potatoes. Used between 1-4 X / crop. Commonly used in ALL states as an early post-emergent weed control & as a desiccant pre-harvest.

A 7 L



Ava

ilab

ility

WHP Chemical group

EPTC (EPTAM)

Pre-plant broad-spectrum

Registered in Aust. for potatoes & general crop & non-crop situations for QLD, NSW, ACT & VIC ONLY for control annual grasses (Barnyard Grass, Crowsfoot Grass, Summer Grass, Wild Oats, Wimmera Ryegrass, Winter Grass & broadleaf weeds (Amaranth, Blackberry Nightshade, Chickweed, Cudweed, Deadnettle, Fat Hen, Indian Hedge Mustard, Mexican Poppy, Giant Pigweed, Pigweed, Shepherd’s Purse, Smartweed plus Nutgrass & Couch Grass control. Occasionally used for Nut Sedge & Johnson Grass control in QLD. Effective.

A NR E



Registered in Aust. in ALL states & NT in potatoes for the control of Barnyard Grass, Crowsfoot Grass, Liverseed Grass, Summer Grass / Crabgrass, Stinkgrass, Annual Wimmera Ryegrass, Wild Oats, Barley Grass, brome grasses, Annual Phalaris, volunteer cereals, Johnson Grass (seedling), & seedlings of couch grass, English Couch / Rope Twitch & Water Couch. Commonly used in ALL states 1 X / crop. Effective & controls all grasses post-emergent. * Has a very long WHP - 10 weeks - needs to be shortened.

A *70 A

Linuron (AFALON)


Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Three-cornered Jack (Double Gee), Capeweed, Wild Radish, Corn Gromwell, Wild Turnip, Deadnettle, Mustard, Turnip Weed, Rough Poppy, Slender Thistle, Fat Hen, Shepherd’s Purse, amaranth (incl. Dwarf, Green, Slim, Red Root, Powells), Blackberry Nightshade, Pigweed. Commonly used 1 X / crop in ALL states. Effective & controls weeds pre-emergent or at 5-10% emergence.

A NR C

Metribuzin (SENCOR)


Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Capeweed, Doublegee, Geranium, Mustard, Toad Rush, Turnip, Wild Radish, Wireweed & suppression of Annual Ryegrass, Barley Grass & Brome Grass. Commonly used, up to 2 X / crop in ALL states. Effective & controls weeds pre-emergent or post-emergent.

A NR C

Paraquat (PARAQUAT)

General knockdown pre-plant

Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for use in-crop & for pre-harvest weed control. Commonly used 1 X / crop as a pre-emergent knockdown with Linuron. Effective.

A NR L

Paraquat + Diquat (SPRAYSEED)

General knockdown pre-plant

Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for use in-crop & for pre-harvest weed control of most annual grasses & broadleaf weeds. Effective.

A NR L

Pendimethalin (STOMP)

Pre-emergent NOT registered. Label cautions that following crops including potatoes may ONLY be sown after a minimum interval of 2 months after application.

A D



Ava

ilab

ility

WHP Chemical group



Registered in Aust. in QLD, NSW, VIC, TAS, WA ONLY in potatoes for pre-emergent control of Amaranth (Powell’s, Slim & Redroot), Amsinckia, Blackberry Nightshade, Capeweed, Charlock, Chickweed, Corn Gromwell, Deadnettle, Fumitory (Common, White and Dense Flowered), Fat Hen, Hedge Mustard, Hexham Scent, Indian Hedge Mustard, Lesser Nettle, Mountain Sorrel, Rough Poppy, Three-cornered Jack, Wild Radish. Pre-emergent: suppression of Annual Ryegrass, Barnyard Grass, Prairie Grass and Summer Grass. Commonly used in ALL states 1 X / crop. Effective.

A C

Rimsulfuron (TITUS)

Post-emergent Registered in tomatoes (processing) for the control of Caltrop, Charlock, Heliotrope, Musky Crowfoot, Paddymelon, Sub-clover & suppression of Blackberry nightshade

P

Sethoxydim (SERTIN)


Registered in Aust. in TAS ONLY in potatoes for control of English Couch / Rope Twitch / Quack Grass, Onion Twitch / Bulbous Oat Grass. Commonly used 1 X / crop. Effective & controls all grasses post-emergent.

A NR A


Pre-emergent Registered in sweet potatoes to control Black Pigweed, Red Shank, Potato Weed, Barnyard Grass, Crowsfoot Grass, Liverseed Grass, Love Grass, Pigeon Grass, Summer Grass &suppression of Evening Primrose

P NR K


Post-emergent Registered in potatoes to control Annual Ryegrass including control of Group D resistant populations, Barnyard Grass, Blackberry Nightshade, Fat Hen, Fumitory, Glossy Nightshade, Redroot Amaranth, Summer Grass, Toad Rush Suppression of Common Thornapple, Fierce Thornapple

A NR J + K

Quizalofop-P-Ethyl (TARGA)


Registered - NOT used. A A


5. References Information: Australian Pesticide and Veterinary Medicines Authority

www.apvma.gov.au

Ausvg ausveg.com.au

APVMA Chemical review apvma.gov.au/chemicals-and-products/chemical-review/listing

APVMA MRLs www.comlaw.gov.au/Series/F2012L02501

APVMA Permit search productsearch.apvma.gov.au/permits

APVMA Product search productsearch.apvma.gov.au/products

Codex MRL database www.codexalimentarius.net/pestres/data/index.html

EU MRL database ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/eu-pesticides-database/public

Growcom - Infopest Database infopest.com.au

Horticulture Innovation Australia www.horticulture.com.au

Potato Processing Association of Australia

www.potatopro.com

USA MRLs www.globalmrl.com

Acronyms and Definitions: APVMA Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority Australian states & territories:

NSW (New South Wales), NT (Northern Territory), QLD (Queensland), SA (South Australia), TAS (Tasmania), VIC (Victoria), WA (Western Australia)

Ausveg Industry Representative Body for vegetable & potato growers CAT 21 APVMA ‘Minor use’ permit type. Means a use...”that would not produce sufficient economic return to an

applicant...to meet the cost of registration of the product...or use...(including, in particular, the cost of providing the data for that purpose).’

GCC Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf still colloquially known as the Gulf Cooperation Council. GLP Good Laboratory Practice HIA Horticulture Innovation Australia IPM Integrated pest management IPDM Integrated pest and disease management IRG Industry Reference Group – The industry reference group for crop protection LOQ Limit of quantification MRL Maximum residue limit (mg/kg or ppm) Pesticides Plant protection products (fungicide, insecticide, herbicide, nematicides, rodenticides, etc.). Plant pests Diseases, insects, nematodes, rodents, viruses, weeds, etc. PPAA Potato Processing Association of Australia SARP Strategic Agrichemical Review Process WHP Withholding Period Acknowledgements: Peter Bendotti, G & B Bendotti, Pemberton, WA; Dolf De Boer DEDJTR, VIC; Scott Dimond, Ballarart, VIC; Ben Dowling, SA; John Doyle, Riverina - NSW; Callum Fletcher, Ausveg; Simon Gallasch, McCains, SA; Tony Gietzel, Smiths / Pepsi; Sam Humphries, SA; Tim Heysen, SA; Ken Morley, Solan Nursery SA; Frank Mulcahy, Simplot, TAS; Gary O’Neil, Mitolo Group SA; Pennie Patane, Patane Produce, WA; Alan Parker, WA; Peter Scaman, Oakville, SA; Andrew Vandenberg, TAS; Kim Weir, NSW; Callum Wilson UTAS.


6. Appendices ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Appendix 1: Current and potential fungicides for disease control in potatoes Appendix 2: Current and potential insecticides, miticides & nematicides Appendix 3: Brand names associated with active ingredients Appendix 4: Potato MRLs ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ NOTE: Table key for the following tables is below: Table key: - Note: Blank fields in the table indicate no information has been provided. Use – rating: Grower’ rating of the likelihood of use, ranging from: ü = Some use to üüü = Commonly used; X= Not used. NOTE that use ratings were only investigated for the high priority uses. IPM rating: Grower rating of IPM suitability from: ü = Limited to üüü = Good, V= variable, dependent on the types of beneficial insects used. Efficacy: Growers’ rating of efficacy from: ü = Some efficacy to üüü = Good efficacy; V= Variable reports of efficacy Availability: A = Available via either registration or permit approval P = Potential i.e. a possible candidate to pursue for registration or permit P-A = Potential, already approved in the crop for another use WHP = Withholding period - NR = Not required - NS = Not stated - NA = Not applicable ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


Appendix 1: Current and potential fungicides for disease control in potatoes

Active ingredient Disease

Ava

ilab

ility

IPM rating Comment WHP,

days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity

Azoxystrobin (AMISTAR)


P Possible use as a seed treatment. Has a good IPM fit. Caution is required not to overuse Group K fungicides in potatoes. Efficacy needs to be determined. This product should be pursued.



A Group K - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used up to 4 X / crop. Growers only use it when curative needed. It is used as foliar spray in alternation with other fungicides. Very effective as protectant/curative. Need Group K alternative. *WHP - NS - see resistance management strategy

*NS


P Potential use as a single application in furrow at planting. In Tasmania, in-furrow registration pending (may be only product addressing soil-borne Rhizoctonia).


P Permit exists for control of this disease in carrots. Has a good IPM fit. Caution should be taken to not overuse Group K fungicides. This product should be pursued.


P Suggested that 1 application in furrow at planting would be effective.


A Registered as a foliar treatment for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes - see above.

NR



A Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes.

7 11 + 3 Systemic, Protectant, Curative, Eradicant + Systemic, Protectant, Curative


A

Boscalid (FILAN)


P Registered for this disease in other vegetables. O/S MRLs exist & has proven efficacy in other vegetables. Has a good IPM fit. This product should be pursued.

7 7 Protectant & curative


A Registered in potatoes for control of Target Spot / Early Blight ONLY as a tank mix with Polyram or Mancozeb. Max. 4 X / year.



Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity

Captan (CAPTAN)


P Group Y - Many overseas MRLs & known efficacy in other crops. It has a good IPM fit. It is non-toxic to many natural predators & compatible with bees. This product should be pursued.

M4 Protectant & curative

Chlorine as Calcium hypochlorite (HYPOCHLOR)


A Calcium hypochlorite is commonly used as a post harvest dip or wash. Growers say it works well.

NA Bactericide & Fungicide



A Registered as a soil fumigant prior to planting for the control of soil borne pests including insects, nematodes, wireworms & the diseases Fusarium, Pythium, Phytophora, Verticillium & bacteria such as Streptomyces scabies (Potato Scab).

NR 8B Vapour - MOA is non- specific


A

Verticillium Wilt Verticillium dahliae Verticillium albo-atrum Verticillium tricorpus

A



A Group Y - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot in potatoes. Used 2-8 X / crop. Commonly used in alternation with other protectant fungicides. Very effective as protectant.

NR M5 Protectant


P Could be an effective protectant. Has a good IPM fit. This product should be pursued.


P Could be an effective protectant. Has a good IPM fit. This product should be pursued.


A Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes.

NR

Chlorothalonil + Pyrimethanil (WALABI)


A Registered in potatoes for control of Target Spot / Early Blight ONLY. Used 3-4 X / crop. It is only used when a curative is needed. It is used in alternation with other fungicides & very effective as both protectant/curative.

NR M5 + 9

Protectant + Protectant, Curative

Copper hydroxide (CHAMP)


A Group Y - Registered in potatoes for the control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight.

1 M1 Contact, protectant


A



Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity



P Registered for Bacterial soft rot (Erwinia) in celery as an in-crop treatment. Overseas MRLs exist. Has a relatively good IPM fit - moderately toxic to only a few species. This product should be pursued.



A Group Y - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used 3-5 X / crop. Commonly used in alternation with other protectant fungicides. Very effective. Not used in VIC.

1


P Has a relatively good IPM fit with Copper oxychloride moderately toxic to only a few species. This product has overseas MRLs & should be pursued.


A Group Y - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes.

Cyazofamid (RANMAN)


A Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight in potatoes.

7 21 Foliar & soil protectant, residual



A Group C - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes.

NR 3 Systemic, protectant, curative, eradicant


A



P Group IL - Permit exists for control of this disease in peas. This product should be pursued.

9 + 12 Systemic protectant + Curative

Difenoconazole (SCORE)


A Group C - Registered in potatoes for control of Target Spot / Early Blight ONLY. Used 2-6 X crop & only used when a curative is needed. It is used in alternation with other fungicides & is very effective as a curative

7 3 Systemic, Protectant, Curative



A Group X - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot in potatoes. Used up to 4 X / crop & is only used when a curative is needed. Used in alternation with other fungicides. Very effective as protectant / curative. More effective than Metalaxyl.

14 40 Systemic, Protectant


A

Dithianon (DELAN)


P Has overseas MRLs & known efficacy on other Alternaria species in other crops. But as it is a protectant in the same mode as Mancozeb, it should not be pursued

M9 Protectant



Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity

Fluazinam (SHIRLAN)





P

Fludioxonil (MAXIM)

Black Dot/Anthracnose Colletotrichum coccodes

A Registered in Aust. in potatoes as a seed treatment for the control of Black Dot / Anthracnose, Rhizoctonia Rot / Black Scurf, Fusarium Dry Rot, Silver Scurf & suppression of seed borne Common Scab. Commonly used as a seed treatment. Works well. Better quality seed is reducing some need for seed treatments

NR 12 Non-systemic residual


A NR


A NR


P


A NR


A NR

Flutolanil (MONCUT)


A Group G – Registered in Aust. in potatoes as a seed treatment for the control of Rhizoctonia Rot / Black Scurf ONLY.

NR 7 Systemic, protectant, curative

Fosetyl as Aluminium salt (ALIETTE)


P Group Y - Aust. MRLs exist in few crops. UK MRL - 30 mg/kg; Japan – 35 mg/kg. It is registered for Phytophthora control in other crops. This product has some overseas MRLs & already used for this purpose in NZ. Low toxicity to predatory mites, ladybirds, lacewings & parasitoids. Efficacy in potatoes needs to be determined. This product should be pursued.




A Registered in potatoes as a post-harvest treatment for the control of Silver Scurf, Gangrene & Fusarium Dry Rot. Imazalil is commonly used for fresh potatoes & is effective

NA 3 Systemic, Protectant, Curative

Gangrene Phoma foveate

A


A



Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity

Iprodione (ROVRAL)


A Group B – Registered in ALL states as a foliar spray for control of Sclerotinia & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used up to 2 X / crop & only used when a curative is needed. It is used in alternation with other fungicides & effective as protectant / curative. Also registered in ALL states for the control of Rhizoctonia Rot / Black Scurf when applied as a spray to seed when planting.

Nil 2 Protectant & curative


A


A

Mancozeb (DITHANE)


P Group Y - Registered in potatoes as a foliar treatment for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Some overseas MRLs. Has a fair IPM fit, but of little consequence as a seed treatment. Efficacy needs to be determined. This product should be pursued.

M3 Protectant


A NR


A NR

Mancozeb + Copper sulphate (NOVOFIX)


A Registered for control of Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes.

1 M3 + M1/2

Protectant + Protectant



A Group D - Registered in potatoes as a furrow treatment for the control Pink Rot ONLY in VIC, TAS, SA & WA ONLY. Commonly used 1 X / crop at planting. It is mixed with fertiliser in some cases. Especially used for seed production (WA). Works well, but concern about enhanced biodegradation from regular use.

NR 4 Protectant


P



A Group DY - Registered in potatoes for the control of Irish (Late) Blight, Target Spot / Early Blight (ALL states) & Pink Rot (VIC, TAS, SA & WA ONLY). Used when a curative is needed which is up to 2 X / crop. Used in alternation with other fungicides. Very effective as protectant / curative. Commonly used in Tasmania. Heavily relied upon in numerous crops in the rotation, potentially pre-disposing the product to resistance build-up. There are reports of resistance of Late Blight to Metalaxyl in potatoes to in some European & Asian countries (NZ SARP 2008).

7 4 / M3 Systemic, curative, protectant + Protectant


A


A



Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity

Metiram (POLYRAM)


A Group Y - Registered in potatoes for the control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight (ALL states). Commonly used in alternation with other protectant fungicides. Very effective as protectant.

7 M3 Protectant


A



A o Group KY - Registered for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Used up to 4 X / crop. Only used when curative needed. Used in NSW & VIC ONLY. Very effective as protectant / curative.

7 M3+11 Protectant, curative


A

Pencycuron (MONCEREN)


A Group X – Registered in Aust. in potatoes as a seed treatment for the control of Rhizoctonia Rot / Black Scurf ONLY.

NR 20 Non-systemic, protectant



P Group Y - Registered for Phytophthora control in various crops. This product has an Aust. MRL & is residues exempt in some countries. Low toxicity to predatory mites, ladybirds, lacewings & parasitoids. Efficacy in potatoes needs to be determined. This product should be pursued




A Group B – Registered in ALL states for control of Sclerotinia & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes. Commonly used up to 3-4 X / crop & is only used when a curative is needed. Used in alternation with other fungicides. Effective as protectant/curative. Significant issue in TAS, as all rotational crops suffer from Sclerotinia & many use or have used Procymidone. Now finding residue detections due to constant use. Need non Group B alternative. Procymidone subject to ongoing review by APVMA.

9 2 Protectant, curative


A

Propineb (ANTRACOL)


A Group Y - Registered in ALL states for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes.

1 M3 Contact. Protectant, residual


A



P Group C - Registered in Aust. to control similar disease species in turf grasses, permits in lettuce. Efficacy is known in other crops. This product should be pursued.




Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity



A Registered in potatoes as a post-harvest treatment for the control of Fusarium Dry Rot, Gangrene & Silver Scurf. Resistance of Fusarium Dry Rot to Thiabendazole fungicide has long been reported overseas - Europe (1973) and US (1992).

NA 1 Systemic, Protectant, Curative

Gangrene A Registered in potatoes as a post-harvest treatment for the control of Fusarium Dry Rot, Gangrene & Silver Scurf.

NA


P Group A - Registered in Aust. in other crops for the control of disease species very similar to Sclerotinia rot in potatoes. Moderately toxic to some beneficial species. This product has known efficacy & should be pursued


A Potatoes collected for a Melbourne University study showed that Silver Scurf was resistant to Thiabendazole.

NA

Tolclofos-methyl (RIZOLEX)


A Group X – Registered in Aust. as a seed treatment in potatoes & cotton for the control of Rhizoctonia solani.

NA 14 Non-systemic, contact, protectant, curative

Zineb (ZINEB)


A Group Y - Registered in ALL states for control of Irish (Late) Blight & Target Spot / Early Blight in potatoes.

NR M3 Protectant


A


Appendix 2: Current and potential insecticides, miticides & nematicides

Active ingredient Pest

Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity

Abamectin (VERTIMEC)



6 Contact, residual


P

Two-Spotted/Red Spider Mite - TSM Tetranychus spp.

P

Acephate (ORTHENE)


A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for the control of Potato Moth ONLY. Acephate is not used for controlling Potato Moth

3 1B Contact, stomach

Acetamiprid (SUPREME)

Aphids - Black Peach Aphid (Brachycaudus persicae) - Green Peach Aphid (Myzus persicae) - Potato Aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae)

P-A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Green Peach Aphid ONLY

7 4A Systemic, contact, stomach

Alpha-cypermethrin (FASTAC DUO


P Permit PER12612 (Exp. 30-Apr-21) for the control of Garden Weevil ONLY in QLD & TAS ONLY. Registered in other crops as a foliar treatment for the control of aphids, cutworms, Heliothis, loopers, RLEM & Plague Thrips. NOT registered in potatoes. There are limited overseas MRLs, but the use pattern should lead to no residues (soil applied). IPM disruptive. This product has a better fit than Bifenthrin, but Bifenthrin has been identified for other pests as well. This product should not be pursued.

14 3A Systemic, contact


P


P


P


P

Weevils - Garden Weevil Phlyctinus callosus - Spotted Vegetable Weevil, Carrot Weevil, Maculate Curculio Desiantha diversipes

P-A



Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity

- Spotted Vegetable Weevil Steriphus diversipes - Vegetable Weevil Listroderes difficilis Whitefringed Weevil Naupactus leucoloma

P 14 3A Systemic, contact

Betacyfluthrin (BULLDOCK)

African Black Beetle (Heteronychus arator)




P






P


P


P

Weevils - Garden Weevil Phlyctinus callosus - Spotted Vegetable Weevil, Carrot Weevil, Maculate Curculio Desiantha diversipes - Spotted Vegetable Weevil Steriphus diversipes - Vegetable Weevil Listroderes difficilis

P


P



Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity


P

Cadusafos (RUGBY)


P Registered in bananas, ginger, sugar cane, tobacco, tomatoes for the control of Root Knot Nematode & registered for other nematode species. Also registered in bananas for Banana Weevil Borer & in sugarcane for Childers Canegrub.

1B Contact, stomach

Nematodes - Potato Cyst Nematode - PCN Globodera rostochiensis - Root Knot Nematode - RKN Meloidogyne spp. - Root Lesion Nematode - RLN Pratylenchus penetrans

P



A Registered in Aust. in potatoes for the control of armyworms, cutworms, European Earwig, Green Vegetable Bug, Heliothis / budworms, Leaf Eating Ladybird, Potato Moth, Rutherglen Bug & Wingless Grasshopper. Carbaryl is not used for controlling Potato Moth.

3 1A Contact, stomach

Grasshoppers Orthoptera

P-A


A

Green Vegetable Bug - GVB Nezara viridula

A


A

Leaf Eating Ladybirds (Epilachna spp. & Henosepilachna spp.)

A


A


A


A



P Registered in rice, sugarcane & tobacco for the control of Heliothis, stem borers & nematodes. For soil pests it is applied as a banded spray & incorporated. APVMA status is that the current use of Carbofuran is at very low levels & is not a high priority for review.




Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity



P Registered in Aust. in potatoes for the control of Heliothis (Cotton Bollworm & Native Budworm) & Potato Moth. It is considered to have an excellent IPM fit. Registered to target foliar infestations of Potato Moth & will not control larvae in stems or soil.

NR 28 Stomach


P


A


P


P


A



Registered as a soil fumigant prior to planting for the control of soil borne pests including insects, nematodes, wireworms & the diseases Fusarium, Pythium, Phytophora, Verticillium & bacteria such as Streptomyces scabies (Potato Scab).

NR 8B Vapour - MOA is non- specific






A Registered in Aust. in potatoes as a soil treatment for control of African Black Beetle (NSW & WA ONLY), Whitefringed Weevil (NSW, VIC & WA ONLY) & wireworms (VIC ONLY). Chlorpyrifos is commonly applied at planting. Alternated with Fipronil. Growers claim it works okay when used at top label rate. Need options. Used as a foliar spray 2-4 X / crop. Not used as a soil treatment for

NA 1B Systemic, contact,


P



Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity


A African Black Beetle.


A






P




12A Contact, stomach & some ovicidal


P

Diazinon (DIAZINON)


A Registered in potatoes in TAS & SA ONLY for the control of Potato Moth. Diazinon is not used for controlling Potato Moth.

14 1B Respiratory, contact, stomach

Dimethoate (ROGOR)


A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for the control of aphids, jassids, mites, leaf hoppers, GVB, thrips & Wingless Grasshoppers. Under current review by the APVMA. Restrictions (PER13155) have been imposed but Dimethoate may still be used on certain crops including potatoes. Commonly used 1-4 X / crop & considered effective. VIC growers moving towards softer options & IPM

14 1B Contact, residual, systemic


A


A


A



Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity


A


A

Thrips - Onion Thrip Thrips tabaci - Tomato Thrip Frankliniella schultzei

A


A


A



A Registered in Aust. in vegetables & fruit trees for aphids, thrips, mealybugs, mites & whitefly control Residues exempt & overseas MRLs are not an issue. Has a moderate IPM fit. It is moderately toxic to 4 of the 5 main predatory mites including Phytoseiulus persimilis (Two-Spotted Mite predator). It is non- toxic to the main predatory ladybirds, lacewings & all aphid predators except Encarsia formosa. Is a contact bio-insecticide with excellent IPM compatibility. This product should be pursued.

NR U1 Contact


A


A


A


A

Fenamiphos (NEMACUR) - Granule

Nematodes - Potato Cyst Nematode - PCN Globodera rostochiensis

* * Registered in strawberry runner production ONLY for the control of Crimp Nematode. Reviewed by APVMA & regulatory decision to delete all use patterns except strawberry




Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity

- Root Knot Nematode - RKN Meloidogyne spp. - Root Lesion Nematode - RLN Pratylenchus penetrans

runners.

Fenamiphos (NEMACUR) - Liquid


* * Registered in bananas & aloe vera for the control of soil borne plant parasitic nematodes. Reviewed by APVMA & regulatory decision to delete all use patterns except aloe vera planting material & banana planting material.


Fipronil (REGENT)


P-A Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for Mole Cricket, Whitefringed Weevil & wireworms as a broadcast spray applied to the soil & incorporated prior to planting. V. disruptive to many beneficial insects. Commonly used 1 X / year, as an application at planting. Alternated with Chlorpyrifos. Registered in other crops for a range of pests as a foliar treatment. O/S MRLs exist. Currently under review by the APVMA. This product should be put on hold until review is finalised.

NR 2C Systemic, contact


P-A


P-A


A


A



Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity



A Registered in Aust. for the control of aphids & mealybug in apples; for the control of aphids & mirids in cotton; for the control of aphids & Silverleaf Whitefly in cucurbits; & for the control of aphids in potatoes.



P


P


P



A Registered in Aust. in root & tuber vegetables including potatoes & sweet potato for the control of Cabbage White Butterfly, Cluster Caterpillar, Diamondback Moth, Heliothis & Potato Moth.

1 28 Stomach


A






P


P


P



Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity




4A + 23



P

Thrip - Onion Thrip Thrips tabaci - Tomato Thrip Frankliniella schultzei

P


P

Indoxacarb (AVATAR)


P Registered in Aust. in various crops for a range of pests including Common / European Earwig, Heliothis, LBAM & Potato Moth, weevils, Wingless Grasshoppers. It is IPM compatible. O/S MRLs exist. This product should be pursued



P


P


P



Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity


P


P


P



P Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for the control of Vegetetable Jassid. Registered in other crops for cutworms, Heliothis, Redlegged Earth Mite, Rutherglen Bug, & thrips. As there are other Group 3A insecticides available, these should be investigated instead. This product should not be pursued.



P



P


P

Thrip - Onion Thrip Thrips tabaci - Tomato Thrip Frankliniella schultzei

P


A



A Registered in Aust. in ALL states for the control of loopers & Rutherglen Bug. Currently under review by the APVMA.

7 1B Contact, stomach


P


A



Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity

Methomyl (LANNATE)


P Registered in potatoes in ALL states for the control of Potato Moth & for the control of Potato Looper in QLD & WA. Registered in other crops for the control of cutworms, grasshoppers, GVB, Heliothis, LBAM, loopers, thrips & wireworms. NOT registered in other crops for Redlegged Earth Mite. Methomyl is not used for controlling Potato Moth.

Nil 1A Systemic, contact, stomach Grasshoppers

Orthoptera P


P


P


P


P-A


A


P


Omethoate (FOLIMAT)


P-A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Green Peach Aphid ONLY. Occasionally used up to 2X / crop & is considered effective. Under APVMA review & current proposed recommendation is for restriction to non-food uses ONLY - as a barrier spray for Red-Legged Earth Mite & for ornamentals.


Oxamyl (VYDATE)


P Registered in sweet potatoes but NOT potatoes in ALL states for the control of Root Knot Nematode. Also registered in bananas for Banana Weevil Borer.



P



Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity

Permethrin (AMBUSH)


P Registered in Aust. in potatoes in ALL states for the control of Potato Moth ONLY. Registered in other crops for cutworm, Heliothis & LBAM. Permethrin is only used as needed which is about 1-4 X / crop. Mostly used in QLD. Not registered in other crops for aphids or mites.



P


P


P


A


P

Permethrin (COOPEX DUSTING POWDER)


A Registered in Aust. for use in seed potatoes ONLY as a post-harvest / storage treatment for the control of Potato Moth ONLY. COOPEX DUSTING POWDER (Permethrin) is used in storage ONLY in WA.

NA 3A Contact, stomach

Permethrin (GAUCHO)



3A Contact, stomach


P



Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity


P



Phorate (THIMET)


A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes & sweet potatoes for the control of aphids, thrips, jassids, organo-phosphate susceptible Two Spotted Mite & wireworms. NOT registered for control of Potato Moth. Applied in as an in-furrow granule or as a banded treatment to each side of the row at planting. *WHP = 13 weeks

91 1B Systemic, contact, stomach


A


P


A


A

Vegetable Leafhopper Austroasca viridigrisea


A



Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity



P-A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Potato Aphid ONLY. Occasionally used, up to 3 X / crop & only as needed. Very effective. Single spray can disrupt beneficials for up to 4 days after spraying (Qld PMS 2008).

2 1A Systemic, contact

Pymetrozine (METRO)


P-A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes for the control of Green Peach Aphid ONLY. Note: Minimum retreatment interval 14 days.

Nil 9B Systemic, contact,



P Registered in Aust. for use in root & tuber vegetables including potatoes & sweet potato for the control of Heliothis, loopers, Light Brown Apple Moth & Potato Moth.

3 5 Residual, contact, stomach


A


A


A


A



P Registered in Aust. for use in root & tuber vegetables including potatoes & sweet potato for the control of Heliothis, Light Brown Apple Moth, loopers & Potato Moth. Spinosad is commonly used in Bundaberg area, up to 3 X / crop. Very effective.

3 5A Residual, contact, stomach Heliothis

Helicoverpa spp. A


A


A



Ava

ilab

ility


days

Ch

emic

al

Gro

up Activity


A



P-A Registered in Aust. in ALL states in potatoes & sweet potatoes for the control of Green Peach Aphid & Silver Leaf Whitefly. Label restriction: Do not apply more than 3 applications per crop.

7 23 Stomach


A

Terbufos (COUNTER)


P Registered in bananas, barley, maize, peanuts, sorghum, sunflowers, sweet corn & wheat for borers, nematodes & wireworms. Soil applied granule formulation. Currently on the APVMA Priority Candidate Review List (PCRL) that requires further research before a decision can be made about the need for a formal review.

1B Systemic



P-A Registered in Aust. in cotton, citrus & tomatoes for a range of pests including Green Peach Aphid, Silver Leaf Whitefly & thrips. O/S MRLs exist. A Group 4A insecticide in the same chemical group as Imidacloprid & Clothianidin. Therefore to minimise any resistance risk, this product should not be pursued.


Thiodicarb (LARVIN)


A Registered in Aust. for use in potatoes for the control of Heliothis. * WHP - 7 days for harvest, 21 days for grazing.

7 / 21 1A Stomach, contact


Appendix 3: Brand names associated with active ingredients Active ingredient Examples of product brand names 2,2-DPA PROPON, numerous other generic products 2,4-D LV ESTER 600, numerous other generic products ABAMECTIN ABAMECT, ABAMECTIN ACEPHATE ERASER, FARMALINX, IVORYCHEM, LANCER, ORTHENE, SABERO, SUBMARINE TITAN ACETAMIPRID COBRA, INTRUDER, PRIMAL, SUPREME ALPHA-CYPERMETHRIN ALPHA FORTE, CONQUEST, DOMINEX DUO, FASTAC DUO AMITROLE + AMMONIUM THIOCYANATE AMITROLE T, numerous other generic products

ASULAM AS NA SALT ASULOX, numerous other generic products ATRAZINE ATRAZINE, numerous other generic products AZOXYSTROBIN AMISTAR, AMISTAR WG, SUPERNOVA AZOXYSTROBIN + DIFENOCONAZOLE AMISTAR TOP

BETACYFLUTHRIN BULLDOCK BIFENTHRIN TALSTAR

BOSCALID FILAN CAPTAN CAPTAN, CAPITAINE CARBARYL BUGMASTER, numerous other generic products CHLORANTRANILIPROLE ACELEPRYN, ALTACOR HORT, CORAGEN CHLORINE AS CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE HYPOCHLOR

CHLOROPICRIN PIC PLUS CHLOROTHALONIL BRAVO CHLORPROPHAM POTATO STOP SPROUT CHLORPYRIFOS CHLORPOS, LORSBAN CHLORTHAL-DIMETHYL DACTHAL CLETHODIM SELECT CLOMAZONE COMMAND, COMMODORE CLOTHIANIDiN DANTOP, SAMURAI COPPER (CU) PRESENT AS CUPRIC HYDROXIDE

CHAMP, VITRA, HYDROCOP, CUNG FU, KOCIDE, BLU-COP, CHAMP DRY PRILL, FLO-BORDO

COPPER PRESENT AS COPPER HYDROXIDE + METALAXYL-M

GOLD PLUS

COPPER PRESENT AS COPPER OXYCHLORIDE

CURENOX, COPPOX, ISACOP, OXYDUL, COBBOX numerous other generic products

COPPER PRESENT AS COPPER OXYCHLORIDE + METALAXYL

MEDLEY PLUS, AXIOM, ZEEMIL numerous other generic products

COPPER PRESENT AS CUPROUS OXIDE RED, COPP

CYANAZINE BLADEX CYAZOFAMID RANMAN CYPERMETHRIN See ALPHA-CYPERMETHRIN CYPROCONAZOLE ALTO

CYPRODINIL + FLUDIOXONIL

SWITCH

DIAFENTHIURON PEGASUS DIAZINON DIAZOL, NUMEROUS OTHER GENERIC PRODUCTS DICAMBA BANVEL DIFENOCONAZOLE ACE, DIVINO, DIGGER, DEFEND, BULLS-EYE, AGCARE VEGA, SCORE DIMETHOATE ROGOR, ROVER, SABOTEUR, NUMEROUS OTHER GENERIC PRODUCTS


Active ingredient Examples of product brand names

DIMETHOMORPH ACROBAT DIQUAT DIQUAT, DESIQUAT DIQUAT + PARAQUAT ALARM, AGVANTAGE, COMBINATION, SPRAYSEED DITHIANON DELAN, DRAGON EPTC EPTAM FATTY ACIDS OF POTASSIUM SALTS NATRASOAP

FENAMIPHOS NEMACUR FIPRONIL REGENT FLONICAMID MAINMAN FLUAZIFOP-P FUSILADE

FLUAZINAM SHIRLAN

FLUBENDIAMIDE BELT FLUTOLANIL MONCUT, MONSTAR

FOSETYL AS ALUMINIUM SALT

ALIETTE, FOSET, KATANGA EXPRESS

FUNGAFLOR IMAZALIL IMIDACLOPRID CONFIDOR IMIDACLOPRID + SPIROTETRAMAT

MOVENTO ENERGY

INDOXACARB AVATAR

IPRODIONE

DROVER GUARD, IPRODEX, SHELBY, SINPRO, SINDON, AQUAFLOW, FLEX GT, TRANSACT, COUNTRY, IPRAL, AQUAFLO, CHIEF, CHIEF AQUAFLO, SUBSCRIBE, AQUAFLOW, CORVETTE, CIVET, CAMPBELL IPPON, ROVRAL AQUAFLO, ROVRAL LIQUID, numerous other generic products

LAMBDA-CYHALOTHRIN KARATE, ZEON LINURON AFALON MALEIC HYDRAZIDE AS POTASSIUM SALT SLOW GROW

MANCOZEB COPMAN, DITHANE MANCOZEB + COPPER SULPHATE NOVOFIX

METALAXYL-M RIDOMIL GOLD METALAXYL-M + MANCOZEB RIDOMIL GOLD MZ

METHAM SODIUM KENSO AGCARE, KEN-PAM, METHAM METHIDATHION RIDACIDE, SUPRACIDE, SUPRATHION METHOMYL METHOMYL 225, MARLIN, LANNATE METIRAM POLYRAM METIRAM + PYRACLOSTROBIN AERO

METRIBUZIN SENCOR OMETHOATE FOLIMAT OXAMYL VYDATE PARAQUAT GRAMOXONE, PARAQUAT PENCYCURON MONCEREN

PENDIMETHALIN STOMP, CRONOS, PANDA, ROMPER, PENDANT, PANIDA MAX, PANIDA GRANDE, CHARGER, CYCLONE, RIFLE, FIST, numerous other generic products

PERMETHRIN AMBUSH, COOPEX DUSTING POWDER, GAUCHO PHORATE THIMET PHOSPHORIC ACID / PHOSPHOROUS ACID AGRI-FOS, PHOSPOT, SPRAYPHOS

PIRIMICARB PIRIMOR PROCYMIDONE SUMISCLEX


Active ingredient Examples of product brand names PROMETRYN GESAGARD PROPINEB ANTRACOL PYMETROZINE METRO QUIZALOFOP-P-ETHYL TARGA RIMSULFURON TITUS

SETHOXYDIM SERTIN S-METOLACHLOR DUAL GOLD S-METOLACHLOR + PROSULFOCARB BOXER GOLD

SPINETORAM SUCCESS NEO SPINOSAD SUCCESS 2 NATURALYTE SPIROTETRAMAT MOVENTO TEBUCONAZOLE FOLICUR TERBUFOS COUNTER THIABENDAZOLE THIABENDAZOLE THIAMETHOXAM ACTARA THIODICARB LARVIN TOLCLOFOS-METHYL RIZOLEX ZINEB ZINEB


Appendix 4: Potato MRLs Where available MRLs relevant to the chemical compounds discussed in this SARP are included in the following table. See also links on the APVMA website: www.apvma.gov.au ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Some countries have a default MRLs when no MRL exists: - EU 0.01 mg/kg. - Japan 0.01 mg/kg. - New Zealand recognises CODEX MRLs. Otherwise the default is 0.1 mg/kg. - Fiji, PNG, Indonesia, Singapore recognise CODEX MRLs. - If an MRL is not established in the GCC MRL standard (not updated since 1994), UAE may accept CODEX MRLs,

but this is not an official deferral. A default MRL of 0.1 mg/kg applies. - China maintains a national MRL list and does not defer to other markets' standards. China does not have a default

MRL policy. Although China does not officially defer to Codex, China has stated that it will consider Codex MRLs in cases where there is a residue dispute on specific shipments.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Active Commodity MRL, mg/kg

Codex Description APVMA USA Codex EU

2,2-DPA - - - 2,4-D VR 0589 Potato 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.2 Abamectin VR 0075 Root and tuber vegetables T*0.01 0.01 *0.01 *0.01 Acephate VR 0589 Potato 0.5 - - *0.01 Acetamiprid VR 0589 Potato *0.05 0.01 - *0.01 Alpha-Cypermethrin See - Cypermethrin Amitrole VR 0589 Potato *0.05 - - *0.01 Ammonium Thiocyanate VR 0589 Potato @ - - Asulam as Na salt VR 0589 Potato 0.4 - - Atrazine VR 0589 Potato *0.01 - - *0.05 Azoxystrobin VR 0589 Potato 0.05 8 7 7 Betacyfluthrin See - Cyfluthrin Bifenthrin VR 0589 Potato - 0.05 0.05 *0.05 Boscalid VR 0075 Root and tuber vegetables 1 0.05 2 2 Captan VR 0589 Potato - 0.05 0.05 0.05 Carbaryl VR 0075 Root and tuber vegetables 0.1 2 - *0.01 Chlorantraniliprole VR 0075 Root and tuber vegetables T0.05 0.03 0.02 0.02 Chlorine as Calcium hypochlorite

- - - -

Chloropicrin VR 0589 Potato - - - *0.005 Chlorothalonil VR 0589 Potato 0.1 0.1 - *0.01 Chlorpropham VR 0589 Potato 30 30 30 10 Chlorpyrifos VR 0589 Potato 0.05 - 2 *0.01 Chlorthal-dimethyl Vegetables, except lettuce 1 - - *0.01 Clethodim VR 0075 Root and tuber vegetables 1 1 0.5 0.5 Clomazone VR 0589 Potato *0.05 - - *0.01 Clothianidin VR 0589 Potato - 0.3 0.2 0.03 Copper (Cu) @ - - - Cyanazine VR 0589 Potato 0.02 - - - Cyazofamid VR 0589 Potato *0.01 0.02 - *0.01 Cyfluthrin VR 0589 Potato - 0.01 0.01 0.04 Cyhalothrin VR 0589 Potato *0.01 0.02 0.01 *0.02 Cypermethrin VR 0589 Potato *0.01 0.1 0.01 *0.05 Cyproconazole VR 0589 Potato *0.02 - - *0.05 Cyprodinil VR 0589 Potato - 0.01 - *0.02 Diafenthiuron - - - - Diazinon VR 0589 Potato - 0.1 0.01 *0.01 Dicamba VR 0589 Potato - - - *0.05 Difenoconazole VR 0589 Potato *0.02 4 4 0.1 Dimethoate VR 0589 Potato 0.1 0.2 0.05 *0.02

Dimethomorph VR 0589 Potato *0.02 0.05 0.05 0.05 Diquat / Diquat dibromide VR 0589 Potato 0.2 0.1 0.1 *0.05


Active Commodity MRL, mg/kg


Dithianon - - - 0.1 EPTC Vegetables *0.04 0.1 - *0.01 Fatty acids of potassium salts

@ - - -

Fenamiphos VR 0075 Root and tuber vegetables 0.2 - - *0.02 Fipronil VR 0589 Potato *0.01 0.03 0.02 0.01 Flonicamid VR 0589 Potato 0.2 0.2 - 0.09 Fluazifop-P / Fluazifop-P-butyl VR 0589 Potato *0.02 1 - 0.1

Fluazinam VR 0589 Potato *0.01 0.02 - *0.05 Flubendiamide VR 0589 Potato *0.02 - - *0.01 Fludioxonil VR 0589 Potato 0.02 6 5 5 Flutolanil VR 0589 Potato 0.05 0.2 - 0.1 Fosetyl as Aluminium salt VR 0589 Potato - - - 30 Imazalil VR 0589 Potato 5 - 5 3 Imidacloprid VR 0589 Potato 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 Indoxacarb VR 0589 Potato - 0.01 0.02 *0.02 Iprodione VR 0589 Potato *0.05 0.5 - 0.05 Isofetamid - - - - Lambda-cyhalothrin See - Cyhalothrin

Linuron Vegetables [except Celeriac; Celery; Leek; Parsnip] *0.05 0.2 - *0.05

Maleic hydrazide as potassium salt

VR 0589 Potato 50 50 50 50

Mancozeb # VR 0589 Potato 1 0.2 0.2 - Metalaxyl-M / Metalaxyl VR 0589 Potato - 0.5 0.05 *0.05 Metham Sodium # VR 0589 Potato 1 - - - Methidathion VR 0075 Root and tuber vegetables *0.01 - 0.02 *0.02 Methomyl VR 0075 Root and tuber vegetables 1 0.2 0.02 *0.02 Metiram # VR 0589 Potato 1 0.2 0.2 - Metolachlor See - S-metolachlor Metribuzin VR 0589 Potato *0.05 0.6 - *0.1

Omethoate Vegetables [except lupin; peppers, sweet; tomato] 2 - - -

Oxamyl VR 0589 Potato - 0.1 0.1 *0.01 Paraquat / Paraquat dichloride

VR 0589 Potato 0.2 0.5 0.05 *0.02

Pendimethalin VR 0075 Root and tuber vegetables *0.05 0.1 - *0.05 Permethrin VR 0589 Potato 0.05 0.05 0.05 *0.05 Phorate Vegetables 0.5 0.2 0.3 *0.01 Phosphoric Acid / Phosphorous Acid

VR 0075 Root and tuber vegetables T100 - - -

Pirimicarb

Vegetables [except Celeriac; Celery; Leafy vegetables; Lupin (dry); Onion, Welsh; Shallot; Spring onion; Sweet corn (corn-on- the-cob)]

1 - 0.05 0.05

Procymidone VR 0589 Potato T0.1 - - *0.01 Prometryn Vegetables *0.1 - - - Propineb VR 0589 Potato 0.3 - - 0.2 Prosulfocarb VR 0589 Potato *0.01 - - *0.01 Pyraclostrobin VR 0589 Potato *0.02 0.04 0.02 *0.02 Pymetrozine VR 0589 Potato *0.02 0.02 - *0.02 Quizalofop-P-Ethyl VR 0589 Potato *0.01 - - 0.2 Rimsulfuron VR 0589 Potato - 0.1 - *0.01 Sethoxydim + VR 0075 Root and tuber vegetables 1 4 0.5 0.5 S-metolachlor VR 0589 Potato *0.01 0.2 - *0.05 Spinetoram VR 0589 Potato 0.02 0.1 - *0.05 Spinosad VR 0075 Root and tuber vegetables 0.02 0.1 0.01 *0.02 Spirotetramat VR 0589 Potato 5 0.6 0.8 0.8 Tebuconazole VR 0589 Potato - - *0.02 Terbufos VR 0589 Potato - - - *0.01 Thiabendazole VR 0589 Potato 5 10 15 15


Active Commodity MRL, mg/kg


Thiamethoxam VR 0075 Root and tuber vegetables T0.7 0.25 0.3 0.07 Thiodicarb VR 0589 Potato 0.1 - - - Tolclofos-methyl VR 0589 Potato 0.1 - 0.2 *0.01 Zineb # VR 0589 Potato 1 - - -

* Indicates that an MRL is at the Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) @ Uses of substances where MRLs are not necessary. T =Temporary # Dithiocarbamates (Mancozeb, Metham, Metham sodium, Metiram, Propineb, Thiram, Zineb & Ziram) + Residues arising from the use of Clethodim are covered by the MRLs for Sethoxydim.

Documents

Potato SARP - Final - 2 Jan 2017 · 2019. 5. 9. · Potato SARP - January 2017 Page 2 of 105 pages Horticulture Innovation Australia Limited Project Number: MT10029 – Managing pesticide