Potato Nation makes waves on social media platforms A chip by any

Die enigste tydskrif vir die aartappelbedryf • The only magazine for the potato industry

Vol 29 No 1Januarie • Februarie 2015

Potato Nation makes waves on social media platforms

A chip by any other name would taste as good

Wat het in 2014 op varsproduktemarkte gebeur?

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CHIPS • January/February 2015 • Page 3

Gesprek – Conversation 4

Nuus – NewsInternational News 10Plaaslike nuus - Local news 14

Bemarking – MarketingPotato Nation makes waves on social media platforms #officialpotatonation 16PMA Fresh Summit and other international cooperation opportunities 24Update on consumers’ 2014 financial position and food affordability in SA 34

Tegniese Nuus - Technical NewsA chip by any other name would taste as good 42 Farmers’ perceptions of the status of potato pests: North West and Western Free State potato production regions 46Possibilities for the chemical control of volunteer potatoes 50Playing the variety game 54

Ekonomiese nuus - Economic NewsWat het in 2014 met aartappels op varsproduktemarkte gebeur? 58

Bedryfsdienste - Industry ServicesGamtoos kultivarproef onder besproeiing op Hankey – 2014 62Oos-Vrystaat kultivarproef onder droëland-toestande op Marquard – 2013/14 66Sandveld kultivarproef onder besproeiing op Graafwater - 2013/14 70

Kontreinuus - Regional NewsPotato Soccer Tournament word 7 jaar oud 72

Kommunikasie - CommunicationAartappels SA vereer PIDT trustees 74

Algemeen - GeneralThe Potato Industry Forum 76

Aartappelsertifiseringsdiens - Potato Certification ServiceThe correlation of field sample results with post control results on the same registered seed potato unit 78

ADVERTENSIES • ADVERTISEMENTS

Sennah Binneblad voor

Wes-Vrystaat Aartappel Moerkwekers 6

ANSA 9

Uniekum 9

Arysta LifeScience 23

Omnia 41

Bayer CropScience 49

Syngenta 53

Kynoch 57

Haifa 57

Dormas 65

Ivanhoe 65

RSA Saad Beurs 71

M & M Transport 71

Sakata 73

Barloworld 85

Africa Transport Solutions 85

Moerhandelaarsforum 90

SA Exporters Forum 90

CHIPS (Advertensietariewe) 91

GWK Agterblad

ProkonAartappellewerings aan varsproduktemarkte – November / Desember 2014 82 Skyfie sê - Skyfie says 86

Uit die argiewe - From the archives 86

Dagboek - Diary 87

APACAPAC beskerm boere se belange 88Market agents 89

Inhoud • Content

ARTIKELS • ARTICLES

Page 4 • CHIPS • Januarie/Februarie 2015

As student het my lektore en professore gereeld na die aartappelbedryf en spesifiek die wisselvalligheid en onbestendigheid van aartappelpryse verwys wanneer hulle die werking van markte verduidelik het. In kort is verduidelik dat hoë pryse in een jaar (seisoen) daartoe gelei het dat aanplantings die volgende jaar aansienlik verhoog het, wat weer gelei het tot aansienlike dalings in pryse met gepaardgaande finansiële verliese. In ’n vryemarkstelsel is dit hoe markte sal reageer, met ander woorde die wisselwerking tussen vraag en aanbod sal prysvlakke bepaal. Alhoewel hierdie beginsel steeds geldig bly, moet in ag geneem word dat die mark aansienlik verander het. Nie net het die aantal kanale waardeur aartappels bemark kan word vermeerder en gegroei nie, maar die verbruiker het ook meer gesofistikeerd geraak.

Wat eersgenoemde betref, ’n groeiende aanbod van aartappels word deur ’n verskeidenheid van kanale bemark. So byvoorbeeld het die hoeveelheid aartappels wat deur die varsproduktemarkte bemark word gedaal tot min of meer 50 % (waarvan tot 60 % deur informele handelaars opgeneem word), terwyl ander kanale soos die prosesseringsbedryf gegroei het om sowat 17 % tot 20 % van aartappels te absorbeer. Direkte bemarking van aartappels het ook aansienlik gegroei. Varsproduktemarkte vervul egter steeds die rol van prysvormingsmeganismes in die aartappelbedryf, met ander woorde, die plek waar die interaksie tussen die vraag en aanbod van aartappels uiteindelik lei tot ’n deursigtige prys waarteen verbruikers bereid is om te koop en produsente bereid is om te verkoop (gegewe sekere transaksiekostes).

Vir sover dit die meer gesofistikeerde verbruiker aangaan, is dit belangrik om deeglik kennis te neem dat verbruikers se smake en voorkeure voortdurend verander en dat die vereistes wat hulle ten opsigte van gehalte stel ononderhandelbaar is. Verbruikers dink twee keer voor hulle hul swaar verdiende geld op swak gehalte produkte spandeer, veral in die lig van die groot verskeidenheid plaasvervangerprodukte wat beskikbaar is. In kort, die rol van vraag in die prysvormingsproses is kompleks van aard, maar die uitkoms van besluite deur verbruikers om ’n produk te koop of nie, word vinnig in pryse weerspieël. Die varsproduktemarkte in Suid-Afrika is ’n goeie voorbeeld

As a student my lecturers and professors regularly pointed to the potato industry, and particularly the inconsistency and unpredictability of potato prices, when explaining the functioning of markets. In short, they would explain how high prices in a particular year (season) would lead to a significant increase in plantings in the subsequent year, which in turn would lead to a significant drop in prices, accompanied by financial losses. This is how markets react in a free market system, in other words it is the interaction between supply and demand that determines the price levels. Although this principle remains valid to this day, it must be kept in mind that the market has changed considerably over time. Not only have the potato marketing channels multiplied and grown, but the consumer has also become more sophisticated.

With regard to the former, the growing supply of potatoes is marketed through a variety of channels. As such, the proportion of potatoes being marketed through the fresh produce markets has declined to approximately 50 % (up to 60% of which is taken up by informal traders), while other channels such as the processing industry have grown to absorb about 17 % to 20 % of potatoes. The direct marketing of potatoes has also shown considerable growth. Fresh produce markets continue to serve as the price-forming mechanism in the potato industry; in other words, the point at which the interaction between potato supply and demand ultimately results in a transparent price at which consumers are prepared to buy and producers are prepared to sell (given certain transaction costs).

As far as the more sophisticated consumer is concerned, it is important to keep in mind that consumers’ tastes and preferences are in a continuous state of flux, and their requirements in terms of quality are non-negotiable. Consumers think twice before spending their hard-earned money on poor-quality products, especially in light of the wide variety of substitute products available. In short, the role of demand in the price-forming process is complex in nature, but the effect of the consumer’s decision on whether or not to purchase a particular product is soon evident in terms of prices. The fresh produce market in South Africa is a good example of this principle. Indeed, 2015 kicked off with meaningful reductions in potato prices, especially in those markets where the quality of potatoes is less than

2015 – Keer terug na basiese beginsels

2015 – Back to Basics

Gesprek • Conversation


hiervan. 2015 het inderdaad afgeskop met betekenisvolle verlagings in aartappelpryse en veral op die markte waar die gehalte van aartappels nie na wense is nie.

In ’n situasie waar die aanbod van aartappels hoog was (en lei tot hoë voorraadvlakke) en gehalte daarmee saam van so ’n aard is dat verbruikers aankope van aartappels inperk en eerder plaasvervangerprodukte aankoop, is die uitkoms lae pryse. Dit is hoe die vryemarkstelsel werk!

Die vryemarkstelsel soos dit manifesteer op varsproduktemarkte is dus ’n uiters belangrike bron van markseine waarop produsente moet reageer. Byvoorbeeld, as prysvlakke realiseer wat toon dat kopers teen swak gehalte diskrimineer, moet ag daarop geslaan word. Om dit te ignoreer, is tot nadeel van die hele bedryf. Dissipline is dus van kardinale belang, veral in die lig van die groeiende koste-knyptang in die aartappelbedryf. So byvoorbeeld wys markseine ook vir ons dat goeie gehalte aartappels onder die huidige omstandighede wel goeie pryse en selfs premies verdien – die rendement op dissipline.

Onstuimige tye vereis dat ag geslaan moet word op sekere basiese beginsels, byvoorbeeld:• Die varsproduktemarkte as prysvormingsmeganismes moet beskerm word omdat dit die plek is waar deursigtige markseine gevorm word – daarsonder sal produsente en verbruikers swakker daaraan toe wees.• Gehalte is nie onderhandelbaar nie – markseine toon dit duidelik. Daarom moet rolspelers in die aartappelwaardeketting alles moontlik doen om seker te maak die kwessie van gehalte word aangespreek; vanaf die begin van die produksieproses tot waar verbruikers aartappels gebruik.• Dissipline is van kardinale belang, veral wanneer dit kom by besluite oor aanplanting, hoeveelhede wat bemark word en deur watter bemarkingskanale en laastens die bestuur van koste-items in die waardeketting.

Ek wens u ’n voorspoedige 2015 toe waarin ons as bedryf moet ag slaan op die basiese beginsels waarvolgens ons besluite moet neem ten einde ’n volhoubare en suksesvolle aartappelbedryf te bou.

Aartappelgroete

Dr. André JoosteHoofuitvoerende Beampte

ideal.

In a situation where the supply of potatoes is high (leading to higher stock levels), but the quality of potatoes is such that consumers are reluctant to purchase potatoes and prefer to buy replacement products, the outcome is low prices. This is how the free market system functions!

The free market system, as manifested in fresh produce markets, is therefore an important generator of market signals to be heeded by producers. For example, producers must respond to a situation where price levels are reflecting the consumers’ aversion to poor-quality products. Ignoring these signs would be detrimental to the entire industry. Discipline is therefore of cardinal importance, especially in view of the growing cost squeeze in the potato industry. In the same way, market signals are pointing to the fact that under the current circumstances, good-quality potatoes are indeed achieving high prices and even premiums – thus the return on being disciplined.

In these turbulent times, it is important to keep in mind certain basic principles, such as:• Fresh produce markets as price-forming mechanisms must be protected, as these are the places where transparent market signals are generated – without which both producers and consumers would be worse off.• Quality is non-negotiable – all market signals point to this fact. Therefore, all role players in the potato value chain must do everything in their power to ensure that the issue of quality is the foremost consideration – from the start of the production process right up until the consumption of the product.• Discipline is of cardinal importance, especially when it comes to decisions regarding the planting of potatoes, the quantities to be marketed, the marketing channel to be used for this purpose, and finally the management of cost items in the value chain.

May 2015 be a most prosperous year, with our entire industry heeding the important basic principles when making decisions going forward, in view of building a sustainable and successful potato industry.

Potato regards

Dr André JoosteChief Executive Officer

Celebrating 50 years of innovative growth through genetics

Something new is on the rise...

Five decades ago, back in 1964, a group of potato seed growers had the vision to combine skills and expertise and formed a company to be known as Wes Vrystaat Aartappel Moerkwekers (Edms) Bpk . Over years the company has grown to its current status as the largest supplier of seed potatoes to the South African market.

Tel: (053) 441 2241/2/3 | Fax: (053) 441 3401 | www.wvmoere.com

Managing Director:

Gerhard Posthumus - 082 375 1870 ([email protected])

National & Exports:

Marketing Manager: Charl Nel - 082 388 0522 ([email protected])

Sandveld & Ceres:

Van Zyl du Toit - 082 316 2839 ([email protected])

Charl de Kock - 082 929 4591 ([email protected])

Eastern & North Eastern Cape:

Ettienne Groenewald - 082 948 2821 ([email protected])

South Western Free State & Mpumalanga:

Eon Cordier - 082 330 5800 ([email protected])

Western & Eastern Free State:

Dirk Pretorius - 082 579 1841 ([email protected])

Louwtjie Steyn - 082 564 7770 ([email protected])

Lauwrens Steyn - 083 387 7339 ([email protected])

KwaZulu-Natal:

Gavin Hill - 082 490 9489 ([email protected])

Limpopo & Gauteng:

Willie Ras - 082 785 4023 ([email protected])

Chris Prinsloo - 082 572 4403 ([email protected])

Gert Delport - 082 567 8080 ([email protected])

Northern Cape & Northwest:

Charl Nel - 082 388 0522 ([email protected])

Southern Cape:


Celebrating 50 years of innovative growth through genetics

Something new is on the rise...

Five decades ago, back in 1964, a group of potato seed growers had the vision to combine skills and expertise and formed a company to be known as Wes Vrystaat Aartappel Moerkwekers (Edms) Bpk . Over years the company has grown to its current status as the largest supplier of seed potatoes to the South African market.

Tel: (053) 441 2241/2/3 | Fax: (053) 441 3401 | www.wvmoere.com

Managing Director:

Gerhard Posthumus - 082 375 1870 ([email protected])

National & Exports:

Marketing Manager: Charl Nel - 082 388 0522 ([email protected])

Sandveld & Ceres:

Van Zyl du Toit - 082 316 2839 ([email protected])


Eastern & North Eastern Cape:

Ettienne Groenewald - 082 948 2821 ([email protected])

South Western Free State & Mpumalanga:

Eon Cordier - 082 330 5800 ([email protected])

Western & Eastern Free State:

Dirk Pretorius - 082 579 1841 ([email protected])

Louwtjie Steyn - 082 564 7770 ([email protected])

Lauwrens Steyn - 083 387 7339 ([email protected])

KwaZulu-Natal:

Gavin Hill - 082 490 9489 ([email protected])

Limpopo & Gauteng:

Willie Ras - 082 785 4023 ([email protected])

Chris Prinsloo - 082 572 4403 ([email protected])

Gert Delport - 082 567 8080 ([email protected])

Northern Cape & Northwest:

Charl Nel - 082 388 0522 ([email protected])

Southern Cape:



CHIPS is die amptelike tydskrif van Aartappels SA.

CHIPS is the official magazine of Potatoes SA.

Redakteur/EditorGawie Geyer

Advertensies/AdvertisementsGawie GeyerSel/Cell: 082 388 [email protected] E-faks/E-fax: 086 685 6524

Aartappels SA, De Havillandsingel 6, Persequor Technopark, Persequor Park, Pretoria, 0020.Tel: 012 349 1906. Faks: 012 349 2641

Potatoes SA, 6 De Havilland Crescent, Persequor Technopark, Persequor Park, Pretoria, 0020.Tel: 012 349 1906. Fax: 012 349 2641

Ontwerp en uitleg: Henco Schoeman (HJ Ontwerp)Gedruk deur Seriti vir die eienaar en uitgewer:Aartappels SA, Privaatsak X135, Pretoria, 0001.

Design and layout: Henco Schoeman (HJ Design)Printed by Seriti for the owner and publisher:Potatoes SA, Private Bag X135, Pretoria, 0001.

Die menings wat uitgespreek word is die menings van die skrywers en verteenwoordig nie noodwendig die mening van die redaksie van CHIPS of die mening van Aartappels SA nie. Aartappels SA aanvaar geen verantwoordelikheid vir aansprake wat in advertensies en artikels gemaak word nie.

The opinions expressed are the opinions of the writers and do not necessarily portray the opinion of the editorial staff of CHIPS or that of Potatoes SA. Potatoes SA does not accept any responsibility for claims made in advertisements and articles.

Alle regte voorbehou. Geen gedeelte van hierdie publikasie mag op enige wyse gereproduseer word nie.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form.

www.potatoes.co.za

COVER • VOORBLAD

16 Potato Nation makes waves on social media platforms


Wat het in 2014 op varsprodukte-markte gebeur?

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India: Improved potato varieties

The Shimla-based Central Potato Research Institute (CPRI), in association with the Peru-based International Potato Center, is working on a project to develop early-bulking, heat-resistant and short-duration (70-75 days) varieties. Currently, the maturity period for the crop is 85-90 days.

The research is at the test stage. If all goes well, farmers would be able to harvest three crops a year.

CPRI Director B P Singh told Business Standard: “In future, potato has to emerge from just a vegetable to a serious food security option. Considering the rapid growth in potato processing, increasing population and its (proposed) future role in providing food security, we’re working on this project.”

CPRI has so far developed and released 52 high-yielding varieties, for cultivation under diverse agro-climatic conditions. CPRI varieties occupy almost the entire potato growing area in the country. The known ones are Kufri Jyoti (26 per cent of the total area under potato), Kufri Bahar(14-16 per cent) and Kufri Pukhraj (seven-eight per cent). Uttar Pradesh is the leading producer, followed by West Bengal and Bihar.

India produced 45.3 million tonnes from 1.9 million hectares in 2012-13. Potato is sown in both kharif and rabi seasons. This year, the area would be a little over two million hectares. The kharif produce accounts for five per cent of total annual output, available between August and October. The remaining 95 per cent comes into the market between mid-December and mid-April, the rabi produce, stored till November.

Source: business-standard.com

Canada: Palettes affecting potato crops

About a third of British Colombia’s (B.C.) potato production — both in acreage dedicated to the crop and in weight of annual produce — have disappeared over the course of a decade, and the industry says local appetites may be to blame.

Murray Driediger is president and CEO of BC Fresh, an organization owned by a number of local farming families, and he has seen this trend become more apparent as the province’s demographic shifts with new cultural cuisines — many that don’t make heavy use of the potato. “The irony is, I know my kids, we go out to eat and they like Thai food and Japanese food and sushi and Indian food and all of

International News

Nuus • News


these different things,” he said. “You’ve got a whole new generation being brought up with very expanded choices in menu items, and so what we’ve seen is the impact that is having on the product.”

According to numbers published by Stats Can on Thursday, B.C.’s potato yields shrank by 35% in weight from 2004 to 2014, a loss of 84.4 million pounds in annual production. At the same time, the number of acres farmers have dedicated to the crop was reduced by 33% — the equivalent of 2,910 acres.

Driediger also pointed to the trend of “reduced carb” diets, people choosing other veggies to replace their potato consumption, and the ready availability of other fresh produce year-round cutting into demand.

“While our potato acreage may be down, our acreage in other areas has increased — our overall volume has increased over the last 10 years,” he said, pointing to changes farmers have made to reflect the demand.

Some farmers in B.C. have also turned to smaller “baby potatoes,” which weigh less, but sell for more. “They’re harvested earlier, they sell for more, but they impact average yield — when we grow early potatoes in the months of June and July we got yields of 12-18,000 pounds per acre,” Driediger said. “But when you’re harvesting (bigger) potatoes in the fall, you may have crops in excess of 40,000 pounds to the acre.”

Source: vancouver.24hrs.ca

United Kingdom: Potato levies should be spent more on market promotion

More of the levies paid by United Kingdom potato growers should be spent on market promotion to reverse ‘tumbling consumption’, farmers asserted this week.

Responding to a consultation on the Potato Council’s draft business plan - which includes a proposal to raise the statutory levy on growers and packers - the National Farmers Union Scotland urged the statutory levy body to shift funding away from research and development and direct it at promotional work highlighting the health benefits of fresh potatoes.

Further, the union suggested that this could be achieved by upscaling the Potato Council’s existing ‘One Voice’ campaign, which has already been targeting shoppers, politicians and the media with a clear message about the nutritional value of potatoes.

Commenting on the NFUS submission, Fife potato producer Russell Brown, who is chairman the union’s Potatoes Working Group said: “The number one issue faced by the sector right now is the continuing fall in consumption of fresh potatoes, and the impact that has on farm-gate prices.

“Diminishing demand for potatoes has, unfortunately, seen retailers pay less and less attention to the marketing of the product. Sales, as a result, are currently caught in a downwards spiral that we must turnaround. We recognise that solutions are not simple but many Scottish growers have identified the need, at this time, for a shift of emphasis in the levy budget priorities from R&D to promotion,” said Mr Brown.

www.heraldscotland.com.

Australia: Potato farmers seek formula for higher yields

Potato growers across Australia could soon be provided a formula that tells them the perfect level of phosphorous needed for best yields and healthier soil.

That’s the aim of a $400,000 study run by Potatoes South Australia, which is hoping a new and more accurate phosphorous test could refine farmers’ nutrient regimes.

The Diffuse Gradient in Thin-films (DGT) test, developed by the University of Adelaide, has already been successfully applied in wheat, canola, barley and pea industries.

Phosphorous is just one of many nutrients potato growers add to their soil but too much is not only a waste of money, it can be damaging to the environment.

Trial sites are spread throughout the south east of South Australia, Mallee, Kangaroo Island, Murraylands, Riverland and Lower Lakes, with support from 24 growers.

Processing, fresh-wash, seed and crisping potatoes are all represented in the study, which Dr Fraser says is vital for a sustainable industry.

Until now Dr Fraser says tests have given a false indication of how much phosphorous is being absorbed by plants.

Potatoes South Australia aims to present research findings at a forum in September 2015.

Source: abc.net.au


Pulsed UV to clean seed potatoes, fresh produce

Harnessing the power of Pulsed UV-light cleansing could help seed potato growers eliminate harmful pathogens and produce cleaner seed. New technology, being developed by Techneat Engineering, utilises well proven techniques implemented in sterile industrial and healthcare industries, in a practical application for agriculture and horticulture.

Initial trials using the pioneering Pulsed UV technology, involving growers and industry specialists, have already proved to be extremely successful in cleansing seed potatoes and an entirely new approach to non-chemical treatment of fresh produce to extend shelf life.

The patented innovation squeezes all the UV energy into a concentrated flash, lasting fractions of a millisecond. The selected light wavelength terminally disrupts the DNA and physical cell structure of pathogens.

Experts at the Potato Council’s Sutton Bridge research centre have highlighted the Pulsed UV technique offers potential to tackle both bacterial and fungal diseases, including Blackleg, Silver Scurf, Black Dot and other skin diseases.

Laboratory trials have demonstrated a single flash of Pulsed UV light gave an 85% reduction in live Blackleg bacteria on the tuber surface, with a flash sequence on the treatment equipment giving a 97% reduction in the pathogen. The technique will target any pathogens on the surface of the tuber, with no physical effect on the treated seed. Trials have shown no adverse effect on seed storage or emergence when planted.

Other applications are also under evaluation for the technology in agriculture and horticulture, including removing pathogens to extend the shelf life of fresh produce salad and vegetable crops.

[email protected]

Case supports agricultural growth in Africa and the Middle East

The world is demanding more from farms. According to FAO’s latest projections, by 2050 the world needs to produce 60% more food to feed a population that is expected to rise above 9 billion.

“This evolution represents tremendous challenges and opportunities for the Middle East and Africa, which is the world’s most developing market for the agricultural business,” says Marco Raimondo, Case IH’s new Business Director for Africa and the Middle East.

“The pursuit of higher productivity and the slow but steady transition from subsistence farming to diversified agriculture are driving the growth of the agricultural equipment sector in our region, as confirmed by the positive results we achieved in 2014,” adds Raimondo.

“Case IH has very strong positions in South Africa and in other countries such as Algeria, Kenya, Mozambique and Zimbabwe,“ he points out. “We are also achieving important results in the Middle East where we have already leading positions in the United Arab Emirates and where we are committed to further expand our presence in the near future.”

Nuus • News


Equipment solutions for farms of all sizes

Speaking about the company’s future plans within the region, Raimondo observes: “We intend to further strengthen our company’s position as a full liner of agricultural equipment with new product launches in 2015.”

Case IH is constantly investing in farming technologies and is able to provide a complete line of agricultural equipment to meet the demands of the highly diversified customer base in Africa and the Middle East.

“On the tractors side, units below 100 horsepower still represent the most important segment in terms of volumes but there are growing trends for big tractors too,” says Raimondo.

Case IH commercializes a wide offering of tractors from 55 to 608 hp, starting from the entry level JXT, JX Straddle and Farmall JX Series. The company has also a long-established reputation for powerful, high-performance tractors, which include the flagship Steiger and the Magnum Series, recently awarded “Tractor of the Year 2015”.

Scaling up agri-business in Africa and the Middle East

Africa’s economic performance over the last decade has been remarkable and agriculture has accounted for significant proportion of the continent’s GDP. The outlook is even more encouraging, considering that the continent posses the world’s largest reservoir of unused arable land, about 60%.“Although we are used to speak about Africa as a whole,

this is not correct,” adds Raimondo. “African countries may vary a lot from each other. There are countries where large farmers and corporate operations are relying on the most powerful equipment and advanced technologies. On the other hand, there are areas at their early-stage of mechanization.”

As a geographically diversified manufacturer of agricultural equipment with a broad network of dealers, Case IH is able to provide customers in each market with equipment, technical support and services that meet their specific requirements.

Strengthening the network

Aware that its success goes hand in hand with the selection of the right local partner for each country, Case IH is intensifying its distribution activities, as reflected by the recent appointment of its new dealer in Mozambique and by the partnership with the Japanese company Toyota Tsusho East Africa Limited, that distributes Case IH agricultural machinery in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania.

Today, Case IH operates in Africa and Middle East with a network of 21 distributors and 57 outlets, which covers 25 countries and provides qualified sales support and training as well as effective parts and technical support. In addition, the company is present in the region with two manufacturing plants and an R&D centre in Turkey, as well as representative offices and a Training Centre in South Africa.

www.caseih.com C


Gedurende die afgelope ses maande het die aartappelsakvervaardigers die belangrikheid besef van die implementering van die bedryf se riglynspesifikasies op aartappelsakkies. Gevolglik sal die meeste papier wat voortaan gebruik word vir die vervaardiging van aartappelsakkies aan die aanbevole spesifikasies voldoen.

‘n Sogenaamde gedragskode tussen Aartappels SA en die papierinvoerders, invoerders van aartappelsakkies en plaaslike aartappelsakvervaardigers is in die proses om deur al die rolspelers onderteken te word.

Plaaslike nuus Local news

Aartappelverpakking- en papierspesifikasies

Potato packaging and paper specification

During the past six months the potato bag manufacturers came to realise the importance of implementing the industry guideline specifications on potato bags. As a result most of the paper currently being used in the industry for the manufacturing of potato bags, will henceforth comply with the recommended specifications.

A so-called code of conduct between Potatoes SA and the importers of paper, the importers of potato bags and the local manufacturers of potato bags is currently in the process of being signed by all role-players.

Nuus • News


The Code of Conduct referred to stipulates that only specific paper that meets the minimum guideline paper specifications will be used for the manufacturing of potato bags. The potato bag manufacturers and potato bag importers using this paper will be allowed to print the above logo on the bags as prove to the potato producer that the bags comply with the said specifications.

In terms of its assignment Prokon, will on behalf of Potatoes SA, engage in ongoing testing of potato bags during 2015 to ensure the improvement of packaging for the benefit of the producer and the consumer. In addition Prokon will also conduct specific packaging trials during the first six months of 2015 which will include greening tests on different paper grams, specifications and colour/shades.

In order to minimise the risk of breakages and to be able to identify compliance, producers are requested to insist that the above logo is printed on their potato bags as proof that it conforms with the following guideline specifications:

• A minimum grams of 70 gsm per ply for brown paper and 75 gsm for bleached (white) paper;• TEA minimum calculated value of the two combined plies paper of 280 J/m² for CD and 260 J/m² for MD;• A minimum TEA per ply of 130 J/m² for both CD and MD;• A minimum MD Wet tensile strength of 1 kN/m per ply; and• All paper must be FDA approved and certificate be supplied.

For any further information, please contact Etienne Booyens, Chief Executive Officer of Prokon at (012) 325 4578/9

Die gedragskode waarna verwys word stipuleer dat slegs spesifieke papier wat aan die minimum riglyn-papierspesifikasies voldoen gebruik sal word vir die vervaardiging van aartappelsakkies. Die aartappelsakvervaardigers en aartappelsakinvoerders wat hierdie papier gebruik sal toegelaat word om die bostaande logo op sakkies te druk as bewys vir die aartappelprodusente dat die sakkies aan die genoemde spesifikasies voldoen.

Ingevolge sy opdrag sal Prokon namens Aartappels SA voortgaan met deurlopende toetsing van aartappelsakkies in 2015 om te verseker dat die verbeterde verpakking wel voordele vir die produsent en verbruiker inhou. Bykomend sal Prokon ook bepaalde verpakkingstoetse gedurende die eerste ses maande van 2015 uitvoer wat vergroeningstoetse op verskillende gramme van papier, die spesifikasies en kleure/skakerings, insluit.

Ten einde die risiko van brekasies te minimaliseer en voldoening aan die spesifikasies te bepaal, word produsente versoek om daarop aan te dring dat bogenoemde logo op hul aartappelsakkies gedruk word as bewys dat dit aan die volgende riglynspesifikasies voldoen:

• ‘n Minimum gram van 70 gsm per laag vir bruin papier en 75 gsm vir gebleikte (wit) papier;• TEA minimum berekende waarde van die twee gekombineerde lae papier van 280 J/m² vir CD en 260 J/m² vir MD;• ’n Minimum TEA per laag van of 130 J/m² vir beide CD en MD;• ’n Minimum MD nat-sterkte van 1 kN/m per laag; en• Alle papier moet FDA goedgekeur wees en die sertifikaat verskaf word.

Vir enige verdere inligting kontak asseblief vir Etienne Booyens, Hoofuitvoerende Beampte van Prokon by (012) 325 4578/9

C

C


Potato Nation makes waves on Social Media Platforms #officialpotatonation

Article by Immaculate Zindie

“The most potentially transformative impact of social media is its ability to encourage brands to marry profit and purpose. The reason brands participate is that such outreach earns those companies social currency enabling them to start or participate in conversations that connect them to consumers in meaningful ways.” - Simon Mainwaring

The power of social media can never be over emphasised. Any strategic business operating in the 21st century knows that those that ignore social media do so at their own peril. For the 2014/5 financial year, the objectives of Potatoes South Africa’s social media platforms are:

• Connect with current and potential fans of all ages from 18 and above. • Ensure constant and consistent interaction with fans/ followers through conversation, competitions and research.• Use social media platforms to promote potatoes.

• Use social media to reposition potatoes as a true food of the nation (Number 1 starch and vegetable).• Increase fan base across all platforms.

Anticipated outcomes and outputs

• Build audiences across chosen platforms.• Provide google analytics insights pertaining to: audiences reached, level and degree of interaction and engagement with our post(s), page likes, etc.• Creative development of content in the form of imagery/photography, conversation(s), competitions and research.

Facebook

The Facebook page in October 2014 had 15 479 likes and as of today the

page has 18 327 likes, representing an increase in over 16%

Bemarking • Marketing


Followers are seen to come through to the page directly via their timelines on Facebook

• More than half of the followers on Facebook are females – 63% being female and 37% male.• The age group mostly ranges between 18-54 years old. • The majority of followers are from South Africa (8 831 are South African with a mix between Johannesburg, Cape Town, Durban and Nigeria.• Followers who engage with posts are 94% female between the ages of 25 – 44.

Engagement

Reach of posts have increased over the past few months

and engagement between fans has seen growth with more fans commenting, liking and sharing photos. Organic growth and engagement has been on the rise which is a positive growth as this means fans are sharing because they want to and not only from advertising.

Posts:

• Potato recipes and pics – People love sharing unique recipes with bold visuals – these posts get the best response potato pops – interesting info about potatoes get shares and comments.• Jokes –These posts do very well.


December did see a decline in engagement due to the feastive season. Design of posts for Christmas and New Year were compiled:

Potato Photo competition#fortheloveofpotatoes

A competition to encourage fans to share photos was activated in November 2014 and closed on 4 December 2014.The competition reached over 10 000 Facebook profiles and received great photos and interaction from fans.



Entries

PPC ads and boosts have been compiled and completed in order to reach more and new fans for the page.

A total of R 2 116.83 has been used for PPC ads which has resulted in reaching 81 036 people on Facebook. We shall embark on more PPC ad campaigns as well as page boosts in the upcoming month.

Overall Outcome• Connected • Interacted • Promoted potatoes • Increased fan base


Instagram

The Instagram account has seen a rise in engagement on posts.• Interaction by commenting and liking photos has and will continue. • Our aim going forward is to increase new followers to the account and get more mentions on Instagram.• Media have started to be followed on Instagram and other foodie related accounts.



Carol Alberts of Freshliving is now following the profile on Instagram

The below are consumer posts using #potato #potatoes

Overall Outcome• Connected• Interacted• Promoted potatoes


Twitter

• The Twitter bio has been edited to be more user and “socially” friendly. Previous profiles being followed has also been edited to ensure a good balance between “following and followers”• Many influencial media have started following the page including Johane Nielson Home/Tuis, Leila Saffarin Pass the salt blog, Herman Lensing Sarie, Joburg food blog, SA Garden and Home, Landbou.• Followers on Twitter have increased by over 50 followers and interaction between fans has seen a noticeable change.

Overall Outcome• Connected• Interacted• Promoted potatoes• Increased fan base

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New tool fornematicide management in Potato Crops

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PMA FRESH SUMMIT AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

OPPORTUNITIESArticle by Roedolf Badenhorst

PMA FRESH SUMMIT ANAHEIM CALIFORNIA AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL WORKING GROUPS 8 – 19 OCTOBER 2014

Trade and Industry relations is one of Market Development and Product Promotions’ key strategic focus areas, aiming to unlock value for the industry through the development, maintenance and support of industry and trade relations. International relations need to be established between Potatoes SA, other potato and fresh produce industries and producer bodies to ensure that Potatoes SA stays abreast of international health and lifestyle generic marketing trends, thereby ensuring that Potatoes SA’s generic market development and product promotion resources are leveraged to the maximum benefit of the industry.

The purpose of the trip was as follows:

To further develop relationships with the British Potato Council, Idaho Potato Commission and US Potato Board and establish cooperation opportunities in terms of Potatoes SA’s strategic marketing plan with regards to:- Consumer education campaigns- Public relations, advertorial, web and social media campaign integration- Consumer cultivar classification campaign- Post-harvest consumer driven quality management campaign- Consumer buyer behaviour and lifestyle research

Furthermore Potatoes SA attend the 2014 PMA Fresh Summit in Anaheim, California.



The PMA Fresh Summit is the leading global fresh produce marketing event that allows Potatoes SA access to the newest and latest developments in produce marketing thereby assisting the industry to increase its value offering to the complete value chain by providing the following benefits:- Access to global produce networks- Access to global resources- Increased quality awareness through exposure to the latest in post harvest handling and packaging technology innovation- Cultivar classification and development to better need demands of consumer

UNITED KINGDOM – POTATO COUNCIL

Potatoes SA met with Mr Nick White, Mr Jim Davies and Ms Kate Cox from the Potato Council who provided Potatoes SA with broad and in-depth insights into their marketing and corporate affairs strategy.

The Potato Council’s marketing and corporate affairs focuses on sustaining long term demand for potatoes and leveraging the importance of the potato. Their work focuses on communicating on behalf of the industry that potatoes are a healthy and sustainable product to consumers, schools, the media, government and key influencers.

The marketing channels utilised by the Potato Council includes public relations, social media, recipe leaflets, websites, advertising and events.

The marketing channels above are supported by their Strategic pillars that include collaboration, consumer and market research, promotion, education and information.

COLLABORATION

All marketing activities undertaken by the Potato Council are dependent on industry support to maximise their impact. The Potato Council thus provides marketing opportunities and tools that can be integrated into industry partners programmes to the benefit of the partner and the industry. The collaboration tools include a promotional vehicle, with a functioning kitchen, which is available for industry partners to use at events.

For the food service and retail partners support is provided with inspirational recipes and the Potato Council Produces recipe leaflets that contain quick, tasty and healthy recipes.

EDUCATE

Grow Your Own Potatoes, is project that teaches primary school aged children about potatoes. With almost one million primary school children benefitting from this classroom experience that is linked to the UK curricular, children learn how potatoes grow and how they fit into a healthy balanced diet.

Schools register online and are then provided with a free potato growing kits, supporting lesson plans and worksheets. The Schools and the learners can then become eligible for prizes once they have harvested their potatoes.




The success of the Grow Your Own Potato campaign flowed over into the Cook Your Own Potato Campaign.A website provides a toolkit of the subject Food Technology Resources for pupils. The website was created in cooperation with practicing teachers and it provides a bank of resources with everything needed to deliver engaging lessons.

UNDERSTAND AND INFORM

The Potato Council regularly undertakes consumer and market research that enables them to help their industry to make profitable business decisions and highlight potential marketing opportunities through building up knowledge of their consumers.

The information obtained is applied to influence key stakeholders and anyone with an interest in food and the potato industry. The Council emphasises that the potato industry has a good news story to tell about the healthiness of potatoes and how they are grown in Great Britain. They highlight that potatoes are a local, naturally low-fat product that are nutritious, especially when compared to other carbohydrates like rice and pasta.

The research provides the industry with sufficient evidence to promote accordingly. They have worked with independent nutrition experts to draft compelling evidence about the nutritional benefits of the potato. Two independent, peer-reviewed articles have been produced by the British Nutrition Foundation. The publications are used by nutrition experts, as well as academics, hospitals, general practitioners, teachers, policy makers, government departments and the media.

The benefits derived for the industry by this work highlights the importance of the role of potatoes in ensuring food security.

The Potato Council regularly presents the story and the relevance of the industry to stakeholders such as policy developers, non-governmental organisations, the media (and consumers), and opinion formers. This work helps them to build positive relationships and networks with stakeholders that help spread the reach of their key messages to a broader audience and help build and maintain a good reputation.

They further highlight how potato production in the United Kingdom sustains local jobs and how the industry has developed integrated supply chains that are quick in responding to consumer needs.

PROMOTE

In the United Kingdom young adults and families with


young children eat the fewest meals with potatoes. The Potato Councils marketing activities focus on these groups to help increase their consumption. Their aim is to inspire them to eat more potatoes and make them an everyday meal choice. They have been working with France and Belgium, who face similar challenges with young consumers, on a joint campaigns to promote fresh potatoes, co-financed by the European Union. The campaign highlights the versatility of potatoes by engaging with a wide variety of consumers.

They also drive a lot of the promotional campaigns through their social media and web platforms. They have a strong focus to ensure that they have an integrated campaign, whereby the activities in the print and social media mirror each other to ensure maximum leverage of their resources.

This is mostly driven through their consumer website www.lovepotatoes.co.uk



The Potato Council has developed a descriptive cultivar classification system that is used to educate the retail and the consumer about the qualities and properties of the available cultivars.

Descriptors such as Fluffy, Salad and Smooth are used to associate consumers with the characteristics of their varieties. Over and above the descriptive words, the

colouring of the campaign also plays an important role in educating the customer. The council is working throughout the United Kingdom to ensure that retailers adopt a programme whereby all fluffy, salad or smooth potatoes will be packaged in similar colour packaging irrespective of the retailer that the consumer will be visiting, thereby reducing the cognitive dissonance from the consumers purchase decision.

US POTATO BOARD – DENVER COLORADO

Potatoes SA met with Mr Blair Richardson from the United States Potato Board where he provided Potatoes SA with insights into their marketing strategy.

The United States Potato Board (USPB) is the United States of America’s potato marketing and research organisation.

They are based in Denver, Colorado, the USPB represents more than 2 500 potato growers and handlers across the country. They were established in 1971 by a group of potato growers to promote the benefits of eating potatoes.

The USPB has a strong foundation of market and consumer research and analysis, which filters through to their domestic and international potato marketing campaigns. Their campaigns include advertising, nutrition science, public relations, retail and food service marketing and issues management.


NUTRITION PROGRAMMES

US consumer attitudes about the nutritional value of potatoes declined substantially since 2003, primarily due to the intense media coverage and popularity of low-carbohydrate diets. An aggressive multi-year campaign was developed by the USPB to reverse attitudes. In 2007, the USPB initiated a message development process to identify the most effective response the industry could make to the low-carbohydrate diet fad. The message that was identified as having the most impact with consumers

communicated was the positive nutritional facts about the potato, i.e. potatoes are high in vitamin C and potassium, low in calories and contain no fat.

MARKET RESEARCH

The USPB conducts consumer/ demographics research to better understand their consumer and the environment in which they purchase. In addition to the consumer research retail, food service and innovation research are also conducted.

ALLIANCE FOR POTATO RESEARCH AND EDUCATION - APRE

APRE is a non-profit organisation that is actively building the science foundation concerning the nutritional benefits of the white potato, creating partnerships with critical health professional organisations in the United States and

Canada and educating dieticians and health professionals by providing them with the latest scientific research and information on potato nutrition, consumption and affordability.

APRE’s Scientific Advisory Council (SAC) and Economics Advisory Council (EAC) identifies research topics, support



research for publication in peer – reviewed journals and drive educational programmes.

Their advisory councils include academics from the Perdue and Harvard Universities’ medical faculties.

Research is conducted through the following institutions:

ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICSThe Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics is the world’s largest organization of food and nutrition professionals and is committed to improving the nation’s health and to advancing the profession of dietetics through research, education, and advocacy.

AMERICA ON THE MOVEAmerica on the Move works to improve health and quality of life by promoting healthful eating and active living among individuals, families, communities, and society.

AMERICAN ACADEMY OF FAMILY PHYSICIANSThe American Academy of Family Physicians is dedicated to health promotion, disease prevention, and chronic disease management by involving family physicians in targeted public health activities, specifically tobacco, obesity, exercise, and immunizations.

AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PAEDIATRICSThe American Academy of Paediatrics is a professional membership organization of 60 000 primary care paediatricians, paediatric medical sub-specialists, and paediatric surgical specialists dedicated to the health, safety, and well-being of infants, children, adolescents, and young adults.

CALORIE CONTROL COUNCILThe Calorie Control Council is an international non-profit association representing the low-calorie food and beverage industry that promotes the importance of diet, physical activity and weight control in achieving and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

CANADA’S FOOD GUIDECanada’s Food Guide ensures that daily requirements for vitamins, minerals, and other important nutrients are met in order to achieve overall good health and vitality.

CANADIAN PAEDIATRIC SOCIETYThe Canadian Paediatric Society is the national association of paediatricians committed to advancing the health of children and youth by nurturing excellence in health care, advocacy, education, research.

DIETARY GUIDELINES FOR AMERICANS 2010

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 provides information and advice for choosing a healthy eating pattern that focuses on nutrient-dense foods and beverages and contributes to achieving and maintaining a healthy weight.

DIETICIANS OF CANADADieticians of Canada is the national professional association for dieticians and is dedicated to advancing the health of Canadians through food and nutrition.

KIDS EAT RIGHTKids Eat Right focuses on preventing childhood obesity by educating families, communities, and policy makers about the importance of quality nutrition.

INSTITUTE OF MEDICINEThe Institute of Medicine is an independent, non-profit organization that works outside of government to provide unbiased and authoritative advice to decision makers and the public.

INTERNATIONAL FOOD INFORMATION COUNCILThe International Food Information Council is dedicated to effectively communicating science-based information on health, food safety and nutrition for the public good.

SOCIETY FOR NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOURThe Society for Nutrition Education and Behaviour represents nutrition educators in the United States and worldwide and is committed to promoting effective nutrition education and communication to support and improve healthful behaviours.

APRE has a US $ 2.8 million budget for nutritional and health research and is willing to go into partnerships with other potato industry organisations to further develop their research capacity. This might be a good opportunity for South Africa to participate in world class nutritional research initiative.


PMA FRESH SUMMIT – LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA

PMA Fresh Summit 2014 was attended by more than 22 400 attendees, including 1 159 retailers and 1 090 exhibiting companies.

The themes and presentations at the summit included:

INSIGHTS INTO PROFITING FROM THE GLOBAL TRADE FLOW

Moving beyond a trend, globalisation is now the dominant business environment and we are seeing new patterns of trade clearly emerge, traditional markets have become saturated. Asia is expected to dominate world trade over the next ten years and will account for a quarter of the global consumption by 2020.

Africa offers the highest return on direct foreign investment in the world, far exceeding other regions. This beckons the question – are we ready and correctly positioned as an industry for this expected demand?

Africa will add an additional 800 million consumers before 2050. Africa’s growth is expected to be driven largely around urbanisation. Mega cities are expected to drive growth, not countries.

India currently has 175 million middle class consumers. This is expected to rise with 152 million to 327 million by 2020.

China currently has 252 million middle class consumers and it is expected to rise with a staggering 256 million by 2020.

There is an increased demand for fresh produce, compared to processed food as consumer move into higher income brackets.

Industries must be progressive in their market development to ensure that they leverage the opportunities created by this potential consumer spending power.

The USA are currently exporting about a quarter of the potato crop to Asia. This might potentially hold great opportunity for South Africa, since we can compete very competitively within those markets.

Establishing partnerships within those markets are the key to success.

COMPETITIVE MARKETING IN THE DIGITAL AGE

Today’s consumer is better informed than ever before and therefore has better control over their purchasing decisions. This means that we as industry organisations need to employ more savvy marketing techniques to increase our brand awareness, our interaction with our consumers’ increasing need for information, whilst growing sales. A strong focus should be given to integrating traditional marketing efforts with available digital efforts.

Consumption of fresh produce has stayed relatively flat over the last 20 years and have even lost some ground to other foodstuffs. This is mainly due to poor branding experience within the fresh produce industry when compared to what is available within other food stuffs such as junk food, cereals, etc.

FOOD SAFETY AND TRACEABILITY

Food safety and traceability are becoming increasingly important issues within the food industry with fresh produce consumer becoming more aware and more responsible with regards to what they put into their bodies.

The current global trend is toward more legislation that regulates the industries responsibility with regards to this issue and the availability of markets for development will become limited if transparency with regards to food safety and traceability is not part of an industries development model.

PREDICTIVE MODELLING AND THE IMPORTANCE THEREOF TO THE MARKETING OF PRODUCE

There is a global trend whereby industry predictive models move away from micro data toward more meta data, thereby taking cognisance of the drill down information but rather than using it for specific decision making it is rather used for recommendation modelling. The information available to the industry shows that the fresh produce industry will have to start working smarter. Due to the expected increase in population over the next few decades, the fresh produce industry will have to produce 70% more produce by 2050. This can be done by increasing primary production, but also reducing wastage which currently



stands at 30% of total production.

What is interesting is that 80% of wastage in developing economies occur at primary production level, whilst 47% of wastage in developed countries happen at retail level.

Retail food data has also indicated that more and more consumers are moving towards whole dish options rather than different dishes on the plates. This places even more emphasis on the fact that more and more consumers are looking for convenience purchases. Industry needs to adapt accordingly to ensure that they stay relevant for their consumer.

Packaging must be used more effectively to collect and distribute information. Packaging needs to be more creative, informative and make better use of the imaging space available. Consumers know that there are potatoes in a potato bag. We should be placing a delicious potato dish on the packaging, rather than a photo of the potatoes inside.

PMA STATE OF THE INDUSTRY SUMMARY

The PMA state of the industry focused on four pillars, i.e. multiculturalism, transparency, convenience and health.

Multiculturalism is becoming a bigger and bigger driver of growth within the global produce industry. As we progress towards a global village, we get exposed to and intertwined with more and more culture based eating habits and customs. This does not only increase our exposure to diversity as an industry, but it also provides us with new opportunities for growth into these markets.

Transparency within the industry protects the integrity of our produce. Food safety and traceability is moving more and more to the forefront and even within our own South African industry we are seeing a greater call for transparency. The guarantee of quality will become paramount in growing demand amongst our ever increasingly informed consumers. They are conscious of safety, quality and the social impact of the produce that they consume.

Convenience will be the biggest driver of short term consumption. The consumer is faced with more and more purchase decision options and competitors are ensuring that they play effectively within the convenience purchase space. The consumer has less and less time available for food shopping and food option purchasing decisions. Our industry will need to ensure that we stay abreast of development within the industry pertaining to packaging developments and whole meal options that will move us

away from the current perception that potatoes are not necessarily a convenience purchase.

As far health is concerned the developed world is alarmingly becoming more and more obese. This is the biggest threat to the developed world’s overall health. We are living in the first generation where life expectance is expected to shorten and this is largely due to bad eating habits and the chronic illnesses associated with obesity.

Potatoes are a wonderfully healthy food option as part of a balanced meal and we need to ensure that we promote it as such.

Interesting packaging concepts:


An update on consumers’ 2014 financial position and food affordability in

South Africa Mrs Hester Vermeulen, Consumer economist, Bureau for Food and Agricultural Policy (BFAP) (www.bfap.co.za)

What is happening to food affordability in South Africa?

How affordable are potatoes compared to other staple foods and major vegetable types in South Africa?

This article will present an update on these important questions, presented within the context of the larger economic consumer environment, considering selected recent economic indicators such as the Consumer Confidence Index, household consumption expenditure, unemployment figures, National Credit Regulator statistics and general CPI (Consumer Price Index) inflation.



How confident are South African consumers about the personal financial position and country economy in the near future?

Despite an improvement from -8 in the third quarter of 2013 to -1 in the third quarter of 2014, the FNB/BER Consumer Confidence Index remains lower than the long-term average value of +5.

FNB/BER Consumer Confidence Index (net balance)

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The FNB/BER CCI (First National Bank/Bureau for Economic Research Consumer Confidence Index) up to the third quarter of 2014 revealed the following dynamics over the recent past:

• The FNB/BER CCI fell to a decade low of -8 in the third quarter of 2013, but recovered significantly to a level of 4 in the second quarter of 2014. However, in the third quarter of 2014 it deteriorated again to a relative low level of -1. The long-term average value of the index is +5.• Consumers’ rating of the outlook for the national economy remains pessimistic despite improving from -14 in the third quarter of 2013 to -6 in the third quarter of 2014.• Compared to their outlook for the national economy, consumers’ rating of the outlook for the financial position of their household was more optimistic at a level of +9 in the third quarter of 2014 (versus +6 in the third quarter of 2013). However, consumer confidence among lower-middle income consumers

(earning R3 000 to R7 000 per month) and lower income households (earning less than R3 000 per month) were at levels of +7 and -7 respectively in the third quarter of 2014, which is significantly lower than the latest values for the higher income consumers (+21).• The latest relatively low levels of consumer confidence is not supportive of strong growth in consumer spending and are influenced by negative perceptions regarding the outlook for the national economy as well as financial pressure on lower income and middle income households.


What is happening with household consumption expenditure?

Household consumption expenditure is under pressure, with year-on-year growth below the average observed over the past decade.

Real consumption expenditure by households

Real final consumption expenditure by households up to the second quarter of 2014 (South African Reserve Bank data series KBP6007C, www.resbank.co.za) revealed the following dynamics over the recent past:

• Compared to the second quarter of 2013, real final consumption expenditure by households increased by

2.3% towards the second quarter of 2014, which is below the 10-year average year-on-year increase for the second quarter over the last ten years (3.9%).• Despite a continuous increasing trend, real final consumption expenditure has generally been increasing at a decreasing rate since 2011.

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And what about consumers’ debt?

In the second quarter of 2014 the total value of credit granted and the number of credit applications received was higher than in the first quarter of 2014, but lower than a year ago.There was a small decrease in the number of credit accounts towards the second quarter of 2014

The latest ‘Consumer Credit Market Report’ and ‘Credit Bureau Monitor’ (June 2014 for the second quarter of 2014) revealed the following:• The total value of new credit granted increased by 1.5%

from the first to the second quarter of 2014 to a level of R107.2 billion. However, this value represented a decrease of 2.2% compared to one year ago. • The number of applications for credit increased by



7.2% from the first to the second quarter of 2014, to a level of10.4 million. However, this value represented a very small increase of only 0.2% compared to one year ago.• The rejection rate of applications was 58.28% (1.1% lower than the first quarter of 2014, but 3.8% higher

than one year ago).• The number of accounts decreased by 1.15% from the first to the second quarter of 2014 to a level of 40.5 million, representing a decrease of 0.9% from one year ago.

Is unemployment improving?

The official unemployment was 25.5% in the second quarter of 2014, deteriorating from a level of 24.1% in the fourth quarter of 2013.

Official unemployment rate (%) in SA (StatsSA)

The official unemployment rate in South Africa according to Statistics South Africa (StatsSA) revealed the following dynamics over the recent past:

• In the second quarter of 2013 the highest level of unemployment was observed since the second quarter of 2011 (25.3% and 25.6% respectively).

• From the first to the second quarters of 2013 the official unemployment rate increased by 1.2% to 25.5%.• Comparing the second quarter of 2014 with the second quarter of 2013 the official unemployment rate increased by 0.8%.

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What is happening to the general CPI-based inflation rate and overall food inflation?

Despite an increasing long-term trend in CPI headline year-on-year inflation rates, the rate decreased somewhat to 5.9% in September 2014 (from a recent higher level of 6.8% in May 2014).

The inflation rate on food and non-alcoholic beverages also decreased somewhat to 8.7% (from a recent higher level of 9.6% in June 2014).

From February 2014 to September 2014 year-on-year inflation on food and non-alcoholic beverages has been higher than general CPI inflation.

• The CPI headline year-on-year inflation rates up to September 2014 according to StatsSA (www.statssa.gov.za) revealed that the annual inflation rate in September 2014 was 5.9% on all items for the whole country, while the inflation rate on food and non-alcoholic beverages was higher at 8.7%.

• Inflation rates decreased slightly from August 2014 to September 2014.• From February 2014 the inflation rate on food and non-alcoholic beverages was higher than the general CPI inflation rate.

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CPI year-on-year change: All items CPI year-on-year change: Food & non-alc beverages

Thus, considering trends in the FNB/BER Consumer Confidence Index, household consumption expenditure, debt, unemployment figures and CPI-based inflation, it is clear that South African consumers are still facing economic challenges. Now, let’s take a closer look at inflation on potatoes within the context of other staple food products and major vegetables over the recent past.



Recent movements in potato retail prices compared with other staple food products:

Special maize meal, bread and rice retail prices increased significantly from July 2013 to July 2014, while potato prices changed very little.

A comparison of food retail prices (monitored by StatsSA) for July 2014 versus July 2013 reveals the following:

• Significant retail price inflation on special maize meal (+19%);• Inflation around 5% on white bread (+5.3%), rice (+5.2%) and brown bread (+4.3%)• Some price inflation on macaroni (+2.2%).

• Very little retail price inflation on super maize meal (+0.8%) and potatoes (+0.6%).

The limited retail price inflation observed for potatoes when comparing July 2013 with July 2014 in contrast with the significant inflation on special maize meal during this period, could advantage potatoes in consumers’ minds.

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Maize super 5kg Rice 2kg Maize special 5kg Potatoes - fresh per kg Loaf of white bread 700g Macaroni plain 500g Loaf of brown bread 700g

Retail prices for starchy staple food product in South Africa for the period July 2011 to July 2014


Recent movements in potato retail prices compared with other prominent vegetables:

Tomato retail prices increased significantly from July 2013 to July 2014, while potato and onion prices increased only slightly.

A comparison of food retail prices (monitored by StatsSA) for July 2014 versus July 2013 reveals the following:• Significant retail price inflation on tomatoes (+19.6%);

• Some inflation on onions (+1.5%) and potatoes (+0.6%);• Price deflation on carrots and cabbages.

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Tomatoes - fresh per kg Carrots - fresh per kg Potatoes - fresh per kg Cabbage - fresh per kg Onions -fresh per kg

Retail prices for major vegetables in South Africa for the period July 2011 to July 2014




Carmen van Niekerk, Prof Hettie Schönfeldt, Nicolette Hall and Dr Beulah Pretorius (University of Pretoria)


South Africans are keen consumers of the traditional slap chip. These chips are similar to French fries but are thicker and fried for a longer period at a lower temperature.

The origin of fried potatoes is highly debated but popular believe is that it originated in the Netherlands in the late 1700’s. During summer time poor farmers would catch tiny fish from fresh water streams flowing through the villages and fry them as a snack or even a meal. During winter the streams would freeze, halting all fishing practices. It was during this time that the inhabitants of the villages started frying potato batons as a substitute. From here chips have spread all over the world taking on a variety of forms with each country making them their own.

Slap chips in South Africa

South Africa produces more than two million metric tons of the wholesome tubers each year ranking as the 30th biggest potato producer globally. These tubers are utilized by four main categories; the informal market (30%), formal market (38%), the processing industry (17%), exports (7%) and seed (8%).

Significant amounts of fresh tubers are processed by the informal market such as street vendors, corner cafes and take-away outlets (non-branded). Consumers of these markets comprise 46% of the South African population and are the biggest consumers of slap chips.

Potatoes are a bio-diverse crop that often delivers a non-uniform product due to cultivar differences (dry matter), agronomical conditions (irrigation or dry land), storage and season variation and textural differences. In order to assist the consumer in making a suitable choice of cultivar that will perform according to their expectations in the final product, a simple description system is required. This necessitates a classification system to categorise potatoes according to their eating quality. The existing South African potato classification system includes categories for boil, roast, chipping (oven bake), microwave, mash and retain shape when boiled, but no category for slap chips. Therefore a need was identified to include slap chips, as a culturally popular cooking method for potatoes, within this

classification system.

Slap chips are different to French fries as they are thicker, have a softer exterior, creamy interior and are slap or bendable once cooked. They are fried at a lower temperature for a longer time, which can lead to an oilier appearance and mouth feel. Slap chips measurements range from a thickness of 1cm x 1cm or slightly thicker and an average length of 7cm. French fries on the other hand are thinner with an average thickness of 0.6 × 0.6 cm and 4–5 cm long chips.

Deep fat frying is one of the most traditional cooking methods and is considered quick and efficient method to prepare large amounts of food. The process involves submerging food in hot oil where mass and heat transfer takes place. Deep fat frying also gives food an appealing colour, texture and flavour which is pleasing to consumers. Different preparation practises are used all over the world deeming it necessary to develop a standardised method to evaluate slap chips in the South African context.

Panellists were trained on potato sensory properties prior to evaluation

Tegniese Nuus • Technical News


Objective of the study

This study was conducted to ascertain if a classification system for slap chips is feasible.

Materials and methods

The most commonly consumed cultivars in the South African market were identified for this study as it was a representative sample of all the different textural classes found in potatoes.

Almost no information was found on slap chips in scientific literature. Therefore, a guideline on how to prepare slap chips was developed by studying general marketing practices. Furthermore a trained descriptive sensory panel evaluated the product. A two-step process was followed. Firstly the market had to be investigated to better understand how slap chips are prepared by vendors, corner cafes and (not branded) takeaway outlets. Secondly a preparation method had to be developed to ensure that the slap chips are prepared in a manner true to these informal market conditions.

Chips were fried in sunflower oil using a double fry (Table 1) method. After the first fry chips were allowed to reach room temperature after which they were fried for a second time. The double fried chips were placed on paper towels to absorb any further oil and served to a descriptive sensory panel who evaluated the chips for internal and external properties.

Results

Deep fat frying has a significant impact on the textural and flavour properties of food by enhancing or decreasing specific textural and flavour properties.

Currently specific gravity is used to predict the cooking and chipping quality of tuber as specific gravity is a determining factor of textural properties and cooking quality. The specific gravity determines the total solids and dry matter of a potato tuber. However, dry matter is seen as more reliable as it is a scientifically repeatable method. Dry matter is measured by drying a known wet weight of grated fine tuber, placing it in a drying oven to extract all

the moisture from the flesh and then weighing it again to determine the total dry matter content. Yet, specific gravity measurements are simpler to obtain and it is more often the chosen method of evaluation. For this study both of these objective measures were used as it was believed that they will be an indicating factor of texture of deep fat fried chips. However, both specific gravity and dry matter had a low correlation with floury (r=0.5327; r=0.1836) and waxy texture (r=-0.4331; r=-0.0271) indicating that, in the case of slap chips, neither of them can be used as a determining factor for the floury or waxy texture observed through sensory test. A consumer preference study found that fried potatoes with a low specific gravity content, and thus a waxy texture, was preferred over fried potatoes with a floury texture based on their textural appeal. However, in contrast floury potatoes were preferred due to their flavour.

Oily texture correlated positively with a waxy texture (r=0.7882), while it correlated negatively with a floury texture (r=-0.8201). This indicates that slap chips with a waxy texture appear oilier than potatoes with a floury texture. It has repeatedly been found that potatoes with a higher moisture and lower solid content (waxy), absorb more oil during frying as higher amounts of moisture is cooked out which leads to an oilier appearance and taste of the chips. For this reason floury potatoes are generally preferred when preparing chips in the processing industry. As shown in Figure 1 all the cultivars had a typical fried chip aroma except for Fianna and Sifra which had a low typical fried chip aroma and after taste.

When evaluated on appearance Mondial, Fabula, Vanderplank (VDP), Sifra and Avalanche had an oily surface with BP1, Darius and Up-to-Date (UTD) differing significantly with a surface low oily surface appearance. Buffelspoort (BP13) and Darius could easily be bended and did not break whilst Valor broke into two pieces when bended. Mondial, Fabula, VDP, Sifra and Avalanche had an oily interior textures and BP1 less of an oily interior. This corresponds with the oily surface appearance of these chips. Buffelspoort (BP13), BP1, Valor, UTD and Darius had floury textures and Mondial, Fabula, VDP, Sifra and Avalanche waxy textures. All the cultivars except for BP1

First fry Second fry Time 5 minutes 3 minutes Temperature 120˚C 120˚C

Table 1: Time and temperature for slap chip preparation


and Valor had a grainy mouth feel. Mondial, Fabula, BP1, VDP, Valor and Avalanche had a typical fried chip flavours. Darius had the least typical fried chip flavour. Mondial, Fabula and Avalanche had an oily and bitter flavour and BP1 and Darius a less of an oily flavour. Fabula, UTD, BP1, Fianna and Sifra had more of a bitter aftertaste.

Mondial, BP1, Valor and Avalanche had a typical fried chip after taste and Fianna and Sifra less of a fried chip after taste. Mondial, Fabula, Sifra, Avalanche and VDP had an oily aftertaste. Darius did not have an oily aftertaste or an oily aroma. It was found that if a chips had an oily appearance an oily aroma, oily texture, oily flavour and oily after taste was also noted.

Mondial and Fabula had high values for most of the attributes while Avalanche scored well for aroma and flavour attributes. Darius did not perform well on any flavour attributes.

There was no significant difference in the earthiness of aroma, flavour and after taste of the chips prepared from the different cultivars (p-value > 0.05).

The textural appeal of a potato has a critical influence on the acceptability of the potato which is a dominant indicator of quality among consumers. As there is no significant difference in the texture, aroma, flavour, after taste or mouth feel of the different slap chips it can be assumed that all the cultivars will be texturally acceptable to consumers.

It can be concluded that deep fat frying has such a significant impact on the chip that cultivar has a lesser impact on the final texture of the product. No significant difference were found in the sensory attributes of different chips. However, there can be differences in consumer preference. It is proposed that further studies be performed to determine which characteristics are most desired. C

Carmen en Marina “Preparing the slap chips”

Constant temp “Frying oil temperature was constantly measured during the cooking process”

2nd fry “Chips after second fry”



Figure 1: Intrinsic and extrinsic properties of slap chips from eleven different cultivars. *Aroma (A), Non-oral Texture (T), After Taste (AT), Oral Texture (OT), Flavour (F)

Opsomming.

Die huidige aartappelklassifikasiestelsel in Suid-Afrika sluit nie slaptjips in nie, wat ’n trots Suid-Afrikaanse produk is. Die doelwit van hierdie studie was om te bepaal watter eienskappe van aartappelkultivars ’n rol speel wanneer slaptjips met ’n dubbelbraaimetode gemaak word.

’n Opgeleide sensoriese paneel met twaalf lede het slaptjips geëvalueer wat van elf van die mees gewilde kultivars voorberei is. Die kultivars is in die Oos-Vrystaat aartappelproduksiegebied geplant en het die volgende ingesluit: Mondial, Fabula, Buffelspoort (BP13), BP1, Vanderplank, Fianna, Valor, Up-to-Date, Sifra, Darius en Avalanche. Die aartappels is op dieselfde dag geoes, volgens

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6 Typical fresh fried chip (A)

Earthy (A)

Oily (A)

Oiliness on the surface (T)

Ease of breaking (T)

Oiliness inside the chip (OT)

Mealiness/Floury (OT)

Waxy (OT)

Grainy (OT) Typical fried chip (F)

Oily (F)

Bitter (F)

Earthy / Soil (F)

Typical fried chip (AT)

Oily (AT)

Bitter (AT)

Earthy / Soil (AT)

Mondial BP13 Fabula BP1 VDP Fianna Valor Sifra Darius UTD Avalanche

kleinskaalpraktyke geprosesseer, dubbelgebraai en op ’n ewekansige blinde basis aan ’n opgeleide sensoriese paneel voorgesit. Die paneellede het tydens drie opleidingsessies beskrywende terme vir die evaluasie van slaptjips ontwikkel.

Die paneel het die slaptjips geëvalueer vir eienskappe van aroma, tekstuur, geur en na-smaak. Die data is statisties geanaliseer.

Beduidende verskille is gevind in die olierigheid van slaptjips wat van blus- en wasagtige aartappels berei is. Daar was nie ‘n betekenisvolle verskil in die sensories eienskappe van die verskillende kultivars nie.


Dr Diedrich Visser, Agricultural Research Council-Vegetable and Ornamental Plant Institute (ARC-VOPI)

Farmers’ perceptions of the status of potato pests: North West and Western Free State

potato production regions

‘n Nasionale opname word jaarliks per streek gedoen om die voorkoms en status van

aartappelpeste in Suid-Afrika te bepaal. Sewe streke is afgehandel, waarvan die Wes-Vrystaat

en Noordwes streke gedurende 2014 gedoen was. Peste wat as hoë prioriteit beskou was in

beide streke, is die aartappelmot en nematodes. Blaarmyners en plantluise was ook hoogste

prioriteit in die Wes-Vrystaat. Die opname vir al die streke sal oor die volgende twee jaar

afgehandel word. Die inligting wat die pes-statusse vir al die aartappelproduserende streke

sal saamvat, sal van belang wees vir die bedryf om risiko’s en geïntegreerde plaagbeheer

strategieë te bestuur.

The occurrence of arthropod pests (insects, mites and nematodes) is a serious constraint to potato production world-wide. The South African potato farmer has to deal with its unique combination of indigenous and foreign pests that may cause severe yield losses under certain conditions. However, except for the key pests, it is unknown which other pests are also troublesome in the different regions and which pests are perceived by potato farmers to be consistently yield limiting, and which ones are of lesser importance.

Potatoes SA is co-funding (with the ARC-VOPI) a project that attempts to establish the regional as well as national status of all potential arthropod pests in all the potato production regions of South Africa. Seven regions have been surveyed, with the North West and Western Free State regions completed during 2014. The perceptions of potato farmers in these two regions are highlighted in this article, with discussions on some of the important or interesting remarks made by the farmers.

The most important pests in both the Western Free State and North West Provinces that rated as high in importance are the potato tuber moth and nematodes (Figures 1 and

2). The Western Free State also reported leafminers and aphids as high priority. Both the regions reported red spider mites as medium priority, while the North West Province also reported leafminers and aphids as medium priority.

Other pests of note in both regions (low priority) are caterpillars, black maize beetle, white grubs, thrips (only Western Free State), snout beetle (only Western Free State), cutworms (only North West Province) and millipedes (only North West Province).

The potato snout beetle was reported in the Western Free State and not in the North West Province, presumably because its distribution is limited to the Free State, KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape. Thrips were reported in the Western Free State due to its potential to transmit the tomato spotted wilt virus to potato, and due to its history when large areas were affected, presumably by virus inoculum from paprika, in the 1990s. Paprika, however, is now planted only on a limited scale in this area.

All potato farmers apply insecticides to ensure a harvest. No farmer indicated that organic potato production would



be feasible, while all farmers indicated that they would adopt genetically modified potatoes if it will benefit them. The Western Free State is mainly a seed potato producing area, while the North West Province is mainly a table potato producing area. This is indicative of the higher status of virus transmitting aphids in the Western Free State. Pest control input costs (excluding disease control) are approximately the same for the two regions, i.e. R 15 000/ha, of which R 8 000/ha is for nematode control only. The high input costs for nematode control is indicative of its high status as an important pest in both regions. All farmers make use of a pest control representative to inspect their crops and to recommend and provide pesticides.

Fifteen pests or pest groups have now been reported by potato farmers in South Africa to damage potato. This amounts to approximately 25% of the total number of

Figure 1: Red spider mites. Figure 3: Potato leafminer damage to potato leaves.

Figure 2: Millipede and its damage to a potato tuber. Figure 4: Potato tubers damaged by tuber moth larvae.

C

pests/pest groups known to damage potato in South Africa. However, only four pests, i.e. the potato tuber moth, leafminers, nematodes and aphids, are consistently reported as key pests in the seven regions surveyed thus far.Seven potato production regions have now been surveyed. A clear portrayal of the actual pest problems as reported by potato farmers in specific regions are now being revealed for the first time. With more regions being added each year (all regions will be completed within the next two years), a holistic and comprehensive picture will emerge regarding potato pests and their statuses in South Africa, on a regional as well as on a national scale. This information is of vital importance to the industry, to understand and incorporate pest risks into production systems as part of an integrated strategy to address pest pressure, to protect yields and ultimately to lower input costs.



Figure 2. The 10 most reported potato pests in the North West Province production region. Ranking is as follows; 1: do occur, but seldom a problem, 2: sometimes occurs and sometimes a problem, 3: always occurs and always a potential serious problem.

Figure 1. The 10 most reported potato pests in the Western Free State production region. Ranking is as follows; 1: do occur, but seldom a problem, 2: sometimes occurs and sometimes a problem, 3: always occurs and always a potential serious problem.

VelumPrime_Potato_Chips_210x297\p.indd 1 2014/08/15 1:54 PM


Dr James and Anette Allemann (University of the Free State)

Series on Volunteer PotatoesIV: POSSIBILITIES FOR THE CHEMICAL CONTROL OF VOLUNTEER POTATOES

Volunteer plants are a major problem as they are extremely aggressive weeds that compete with crop plants for water, nutrients and light. This can lead to a reduction in yield that is directly proportional to the numbers of volunteer plants found on the land – the greater the numbers, the greater the yield reduction. Even in maize, a plant considered to be the best in dealing with competition from volunteer potatoes, yield losses can amount to between 23 and 62%.

The longer volunteer plants are on the land, the worse the competition effect, and the larger the yield reduction. Control of these plants is critical within the first 2 to 6 weeks after planting, as this is the period when most crops are extremely sensitive to weed competition. Also, if not controlled in time, these volunteer plants will initiate tubers that will continue the problem for a number of years following the potato crop, and this can lead to the total failure of the crop rotation system to control potato pests and diseases prior to planting the next potato crop.

The previous article in this series discussed the use of non-chemical methods to control volunteer potato plants, whilst this article will address the possibilities of chemical control. There are a number of possibilities in this regard, such as the use of sprout inhibitors, soil fumigants and herbicides, both pre- and post-emergence.

Sprout inhibitors

These products are usually applied to prevent tubers from sprouting during storage, but can also be applied to plants at the end of the growing season to prevent the formation of the small undesirable tubers that are often the source of volunteer plants. Sprout inhibitors should only be used by table producers and never applied close enough to seed potato plantings so that spray drift could contaminate the seed potato fields.

A number of products are available to suppress tuber sprouting such as chlorpropham and maleic hydrazide. Chlorpropham is registered in South Africa (Act 36 of 1947) for use as a sprout inhibitor during storage, even


though it also has herbicidal activity against potatoes in the field. Malic hydrazide is possibly the best known sprout inhibitor and is used successfully in commercial potato plantings throughout the world. In South Africa, however, it is only registered for the prevention of sprouting in stored onions.

In order to prevent sprouting of volunteer tubers the product needs to be applied as a full cover spray as it is absorbed by the foliage and translocated to the tubers where it remains and prevents the buds from sprouting, so preventing development during the following season. If applied early after tuber initiation it not only prevents sprouting, but also tuber growth. The product has been shown to reduce the numbers of volunteer plants by 70 to 80% if used correctly, but the results depend on the cultivar used as well as the size of the tubers. Although sprouting and shoot emergence from all size tubers are suppressed, the effect is unfortunately the lowest in the smaller tubers, i.e. those that cause the greatest problem.

Soil fumigation

This involves the use of a volatile chemical, mainly to suppress nematodes and other soil pathogens. However, certain of these products have been shown to markedly reduce tuber viability and suppress the growth of volunteer potato plants. It is difficult to obtain uniform applications of these fumigants, and together with uneven distribution through the soil, caused by soil type and conditions coupled with the use of sub-lethal applications rates, can result in poor performance and variable results.

Some well-known soil fumigants are ethyl dibromide (EDB), metam sodium (MS) and metam potassium (MP), all of which are registered for use on seedbeds in South Africa. EDB is more effective when applied during cooler winter months, but requires specialised application techniques, while MS and MP can be applied through an irrigation system. At high enough dosages more than 90% suppression of volunteer plants can be obtained using MS and MP (Figure 1). An added advantage of using soil



Figure 1 Effect of the soil fumigant metham potassium at a rate of 1 035 kg ai ha-1 on the emergence of potato plants

Figure 2 An example of the variation in control of potatoes, from total death of plants, through severe growth inhibition to growth suppression by a pre-emergence herbicide

fumigants is that they also reduce the numbers of annual weeds by more than 90%, and are effective on both dormant as well as non-dormant tubers.

Although very effective, fumigants are fairly costly, thereby making them viable only on small areas, or preceding high value crops. However, factors such as soil moisture and temperature during application, as well as proper placement and dispersal of the product have an effect on the dosage of the fumigant required, and this is an aspect requiring further research.

Herbicides

Herbicides are manufactured and used to deal with specific types of weeds in specific cropping situations. Products can be either selective, controlling certain plants without damaging others, or non-selective, killing all plants. Application times for the products also vary, being classified as pre-plant, pre-emergence or post-emergence depending on the timing of application during the cropping cycle. Herbicides can also be classified as systemic or contact products, with the former being absorbed by


Moontlikhede van chemiese beheer van opslagaartappels

Hierdie artikel bespreek verskillende chemiese metodes (spruitinhibeerders, grondberoking en onkruiddoders) wat aangewend kan word om opslagplante te beheer. • Alhoewel spruitinhibeerders soos malïenhidrasied die voorkoms van opslagplante tot 80% kan verlaag wanneer dit reg aangewend word, kan dit nie in die omgewing van saadaartappellande gebruik word nie. Ongelukkig is die effek van hierdie middels op klein knolle, die grootste bron van opslagplante, beperk.• Grondberokingsmiddels soos metam natrium kan knol-kiemkragtigheid merkwaardig verlaag en ook die groei van opslagplante onderdruk. Dit kan die getalle van beide opslagaartappelplante en eenjarige onkruid met tot 90% verlaag indien dit reg aangewend word en teen hoog genoeg toedieningshoeveelhede. Hierdie behandelings is egter duur, en die resultate kan deur verskeie faktore soos grondvog, temperatuur en kultivar beïnvloed


word. • Die biologie van die aartappelknol veroorsaak beheerprobleme deur onkruiddoders, want hierdie plante kan skade oorleef wat die meeste ander onkruide sal dood. Die variasie ten tye van verskyning van opslagplante maak tydsberekening van na-opkoms onkruiddodertoediening moeilik, en enige oorblywende plante kan knolle produseer wat tot toekomstige probleme kan lei.• Enkel-onkruiddoders is tot nou sonder sukses aangewend in die beheer van opslagaartappelplante, en kombinasies van onkruiddoders het wisselvallige resultate gelewer. • Dit is dus duidelik dat chemiese beheer van opslagplante moeilik is as gevolg van die talryke faktore wat ’n rol speel. • Die gebruik van verskeie chemikalieë in afsondering verlaag die kanse op suksesvolle beheer.• Die beste resultate in opslagbeheer word verkry wanneer alle beheermetodes gekombineer word in ’n geïntegreerde bestuursprogram vir opslagplante.

plants and killing them over time, while the latter usually kill foliage on contact.

Ongoing research shows that volunteer potato plants are very difficult to eradicate using herbicides, with most products tested proving to be either ineffective or only partially effective (Figure 2). The greatest problem is caused by the biology of the potato tuber, as large food reserves available in the parent tuber, coupled with a number of adventitious buds that can sprout after the death of the apical sprout, enable recovery from damage that would be lethal to most other weeds.

The problem is further compounded by the variation in the time of emergence of volunteer potato plants, which makes application timing of many post-emergence (foliage applied or contact) products very difficult in order to obtain good control. Most contact herbicides do nothing more than kill the shoots that have emerged from the soil at the time of application, and the tuber is able to produce new sprouts which then emerge long after the primary plants have been killed. If these shoots are not treated, it will result in the production of tubers that will create further problems the following season. The only way to prevent

tuber production is through complete shoot removal prior to the shoots initiating tubers.

Thus far the use of single conventional herbicides has proven to be unsuccessful in the control of volunteer potatoes. Due to the devastating effect these plants have on succeeding crops, various regimes of herbicide combinations have been researched with variable results.

Conclusion

The chemical control of volunteer potato plants is very difficult due to the numerous factors which play a role, including climatic and soil factors, the biology of the tuber and time of tuber initiation. The use of various chemicals in isolation from other methods of control reduces the chances of successful control of these troublesome weeds. The best results in volunteer potato control are normally obtained when all methods of control are combined in an integrated management program.

The next article in the series will discuss the use of pre-emergence herbicides for the control of volunteer potato plants. C

LEES DIE ETIKET VIR VOLLEDIGE BESONDERHEDERevus® bevat Mandipropamied 250 g/l (Reg. nr. L8617, Wet nr. 36 van 1947). VERSIGTIG.Revus® is die geregistreerde handelsmerk van ‘n Syngenta Groep Maatskappy. Syngenta Suid-Afrika (Edms) Beperk, Privaatsak X60, Halfway House, 1685. Tel. (011) 541 4000.www.syngenta.co.za© Syngenta Ag, 2000. Kopiereg van die dokument is voorbehou. Alle ongemagtigde vermeerdering word verbied.

REVOLUSIONêRE REVUS -

STOP LAATROES

IN SY SPORE!

01/15

REvus Chips tydskrif a4 ad.indd 1 2015/01/16 2:35 PM

LEES DIE ETIKET VIR VOLLEDIGE BESONDERHEDERevus® bevat Mandipropamied 250 g/l (Reg. nr. L8617, Wet nr. 36 van 1947). VERSIGTIG.Revus® is die geregistreerde handelsmerk van ‘n Syngenta Groep Maatskappy. Syngenta Suid-Afrika (Edms) Beperk, Privaatsak X60, Halfway House, 1685. Tel. (011) 541 4000.www.syngenta.co.za© Syngenta Ag, 2000. Kopiereg van die dokument is voorbehou. Alle ongemagtigde vermeerdering word verbied.

REVOLUSIONêRE REVUS -

STOP LAATROES

IN SY SPORE!

01/15

REvus Chips tydskrif a4 ad.indd 1 2015/01/16 2:35 PM


Flip Steyn - Agricultural Research Council - Vegetable and Ornamental Plant Institute (ARC VOPI)

Playing the variety game

The potato industry is complex but with this complexity a number of securities were built into the governing structures to protect the owners of potato varieties. To extract value from this it is important to understand the dynamics of the industry.

In 1997 the impression started to emerge that if one owns the rights to a potato variety, success is a sure thing. Individual farmers took up the rights to varieties and started playing the variety game. The costs and the nature of this “new game” were not understood at the time and the general impression was that the commercialisation of a new variety will fund itself. By 2007, ten years later, it was clear that playing the variety game is not only difficult, but also very expensive. In 2013 there were 94 potato varieties registered with Plant Breeders Rights (PBR), but only four of these varieties took up 68.4% of the total market share. The lion’s share of 40.4% went to Mondial. This is an indication of how tough this game is and all indications are that this will only become tougher in the future as more role players are entering the market.

Until the early nineties the potential locked-up in intellectual property, and in this case plant breeders rights (PBR), was poorly understood and utilised. In 1995, 91.4% of the total hectares planted in South Africa were planted with four open varieties: BP1, Up-to-Date (UTD), Vanderplank (VDP) and Buffelspoort (BP13). The area planted with these varieties dropped to 61.1% in 2002, and in 2014 this was estimated at about 13%.

Contributing to the successful utilisation of PBR was the formation of private mini-tuber production facilities. The potato industry basically got their “independence” with the granting of licences to individual farmers/companies to produce their own mini-tubers. The first privately owned mini-tuber production facility started operations in 1993.The landscape regarding the protection of varieties changed with the introduction of Mondial to the industry. The growth of Mondial is shown in Figure 1. Wes-Vrystaat Aartappel Moerkwekers (WVAMK) played a crucial role in showing the potato industry this locked-up value in PBR. It is important to acknowledge and respect the contribution made by WVAMK with regards to the understanding of the value locked-up in PBR.

In less than 15 years WVAMK developed the Mondial market share from almost zero in 1993 to a staggering


45% market share in 2009/10. It is clear from Figure 2 that the growth achieved was at the expense of the open varieties BP1 and Up-to-Date (UTD). The drop in market share of BP1 is almost a mirror image of the growth of Mondial. To achieve variety growth of this nature will be very difficult to beat in the future due to the competiveness of the industry today. The only open variety now with a large market share that can be taken on is Mondial. However, whether this would be possible, is debatable.

Looking at the flipside of this game is the role of open varieties. South Africa came from an era dominated by varieties developed by the late Dr Van der Plank. The varieties BP1, Vanderplank and Buffelspoort (BP13) is still being planted today. The drop in market share of the open varieties including UTD (Figure 2) is as remarkable as the progress made by Mondial. The question now is if Mondial, as open variety, will follow the trend displayed by BP1 (Figure 2) in market share drop since its PBR lapsed in 2014. It will be interesting to follow the progress of this variety as open variety for the next 10-15 years. This will be influenced by decisions made by WVAMK regarding Mondial.

It is clear from the trends shown in Figures 1 and 2 that the only way forward is to use potato varieties protected by PBR. Due to a stable potato market achieving variety growth in market share would have to be at the expense of another variety. Variety growth in the past was at the expense of the older open varieties. This will no longer be possible as the market share of these traditional open varieties is currently only 13% (excluding Mondial). This will depend a lot on how successful WVAMK will be able to protect their source material of Mondial and restrict the entry of new source material into the industry by other role players. WVAMK might also look at replacing Mondial with another variety that they control, like Sifra, to retain their market share. Another important variety that will lose its PBR in October 2016 is Fianna. With a market share of 7.4% in 2013 it will not play as interesting a role in the short term variety market share movement as with Mondial. The role of Fianna is also closely correlated to the processing markets and this will also ensure that the movement is less dramatic.

The extension of the PBR to 30 years will restrict the importance of open varieties. As soon as the market trend regarding Mondial settles it is predicted that huge variety swings in future will become less important. Large swings



C

will only be visible in processing varieties and this will not have that large effect on the table market. With the processing market at about 17%, McCain and Frito Lay are the largest role players. The swings will be internal to their decisions and it is not predicted that this will have a dramatic effect on the table market.

To conclude:• Protected varieties will always be the way to go if your intension is to own a large portion of the potato variety market share.• Playing the protected variety game is both expensive and very involved and as a single potato farmer hoping to gain an advantage in the potato industry this will come at a cost.• The use of PBR to service small niche markets on the other hand will ensure the protection needed for individuals or smaller companies. This might even include supplying specific processing and/or retail markets.• The open variety market will always be an option but this will be restricted to about 10% of the total potato market. This will however remain the cheapest option for individual farmers who prefer to be in control of their own destiny.

0

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2,000,000

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1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

Bags

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Mondial

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1,500,000

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1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

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Bags Certified - BP1

BP1 BP1 Fit

0

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1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

Bags

Cer

tifie

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Bags Certified - Up-to-date

UTD UTD Fit

Figure 1. The development of Mondial market share between 1996 and 2014. Market share is indicated on the right axis

Figure 2. The decline of BP1 and UTD’s market share between 1996 and 2014. Market share is indicated on the right axis.

Opsomming

Die kompleksiteit van die aartappelmark het daartoe gelei dat strukture ingebou is om eienaars van kultivars met Planttelersregte (PTR) te beskerm. Om die waarde van die beskerming te verstaan, is dit belangrik om die werking van die bedryf rondom kultivars te verstaan.

Die gebruik van PTR was in 1995 nog vreemd aan die aartappelbedryf, want 91% van die oppervlakte wat met aartappels beplant is, was die oop kultivars, nl. BP1, Up-to-Date, Vanderplank (VDP) en Buffelspoort (BP13). Die aanplantings van oop kultivars het gedaal na 61.1% in 2002 en in 2014 was dit ongeveer 13%.

Wes-Vrystaat Aartappel Moerkwekers


(WVAMK) was eerste om die waarde van die PTR te ontgin met Mondial. In 1993 is bykans geen Mondial geplant nie. In die 15 jaar tot en met 2009/10 het hulle Mondial se markaandeel laat groei tot ‘n merkwaardige 45%. Die merkwaardige groei was ten koste van die oop kultivars, maar veral BP1 en UTD het deurgeloop. BP1 se afname in markaandeel tussen 1993 en 2013 was bykans ‘n spieëlbeeld van Mondial se groei.

Die vraag is of Mondial sy markaandeel sal kan behou, aangesien hy ook in 2013 sy PTR verloor het en nou ‘n oop kultivar is. Tyd sal leer. Wat wel duidelik geword het in die laaste klompie jare, is dat die bedryf baie kompeterend is en dat dit in die toekoms net meer kompeterend gaan raak. Wat ook duidelik is ten opsigte van die

kultivarspel, is die volgende:• Beskermde kultivars sal altyd die enigste opsie wees indien jy ‘n aansienlike deel van die mark wil beheer.• Om die kultivarspel te speel is beide duur en baie ingewikkeld en as ‘n enkele boer of klein maatskappy dit wil betree sal dit teen ‘n koste wees.• Die gebruik van PTR om kleiner nismarkte te bereik is ideaal waar beskerming vir die individu of ‘n klein maatskappy nodig is.• Die gebruik van oop variëteite sal altyd ‘n opsie bly, maar is beperk tot 10% en minder van die mark. Hierdie sal egter die goedkoopste alternatief bly vir die individuele boer wat graag in beheer van sy eie toekoms wil bly.

Handleiding vir

aartappelproduksie

in Suid-Afrika

Handleiding vir

aartappelproduksie

in Suid-Afrika

Die Afrikaanse Handleiding virAartappelproduksie in Suid-Afrika wat in 2011 verskyn het is steeds beskikbaar.

Hierdie opgedateerde handleiding ispropvol van die jongsteaartappelverbouings- en ander relevante inligting en is 'n moet vir elke aartappelprodusent wat aartappels volhoubaar wil produseer.

Die handleiding is verkrygbaar vanaf Aartappels Suid-Afrika teen R300 per handleiding (BTW en posgeld ingesluit).

Om u bestelling te plaas of om meerinligting te bekom kontak Monique van der Merwe by m @potatoes.co.za of 012 349 1906

The guide is also available in English under the title Guide to Potato Production in South Africa

onique


Met Kynoch se innoverende en pasmaak-produkte kan jy bemesting toedien volgens jou aartappelplant se behoeftes en groeistadiums. So verseker Kynoch dat jou aartappels kry wat hul nodig het, wanneer hul dit die nodigste het. Boonop het jy gemoedsrus, omdat jy weet, met Kynoch op jou plaas van meet af aan, haal jy net die beste uit jou aartappels en is jy verseker van verbeterde doeltreffendheid in kwaliteit en opbrengspotensiaal.

Kynoch – verbeterde doeltreffendheid deur innovasie.

Farmisco (Edms) Bpk. h/a Kynoch Fertilizer Reg. Nr. 2009/0092541/07

011 317 2000 | [email protected] www.kynoch.co.za

KynoPop™ Reg. No: K9101, KynoPlus™ is geregistreer as kunsmis groep 1 – Reg. No: K8024, SuperSpud™ Reg. No: In proses,

Ruby Reg. No: K8047, Topaz™ Reg. No: K8032, Veggie OEMFF® Starter Reg. No: K9088, GreenGold™ Reg. No: K8034, Achillis™ Reg. No: K8967,

Foli-Grande™ Reg. No: K8045, Foli-Plus™ Reg. No: In proses, Seniphos Reg. No: K7682, Nitrabor Reg. No: K6395, Veggie OEMFF® Grow

Reg. No: K9090, Bortrac 150 Reg. No: B3626, Stopit Reg. No: B3625, Caltrac BZ Reg. No: B3715, Veggie OEMFF® Fruit Reg. No: K9091.

(Alle produkte is geregistreer onder Wet 36 van 1947)

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VROEG VEGETATIEF, MET PLANT

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KynoPlus™, GreenGold™, Achillis™, Seniphos, Nitrabor, Foli-Grande™ en Foli-Plus™:Gebruik in kombinasie as top-bemesting om knolinisiasie en opbrengs te bevorder.Veggie Oemff® Starter: ’n Blaarvoeding vir wortel- ontwikkeling en vestiging van die jong plant.Veggie Oemff® Grow, Bortrac 150, Stopit en Caltrac BZ:Gebruik in kombinasie na knolinisiasie vir opbrengs en aanleg tot beter kwaliteit.

KynoPlus™, GreenGold™, Achillis™, Foli-Grande™, Foli-Plus™. Bortrac 150, Stopit, Caltrac BZ: Gebruik in kombinasie as topbemesting om opbrengs en kwaliteit te bevorder.

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Wat het in 2014 met aartappels op die varsproduktemarkte gebeur?

Pieter van Zyl, Aartappels Suid-Afrika

In Figuur 1 word 2014 se daaglikse beskikbare voorraadvlakke (alle markte en alle klasse) vergelyk met die daaglikse gemiddelde prys (alle klasse). Die prystendens vir 2014 het die langtermyntendens gevolg. Pryse begin gewoonlik in Januarie op hoë vlakke, daal tot Maart en beweeg dan op effens hoër vlakke sywaarts oor die winter. Gewoonlik rondom Oktober piek pryse en begin dan weer daal tot begin Desember. Die skerp styging in pryse einde Augustus was die gevolg van April 2014 se erge ryp- en koue skade in Limpopo.

Gedurende die eerste ses maande van die jaar is feitlik dieselfde hoeveelheid aartappels as in die ooreenstemmende tydperk die vorige jaar verkoop, maar die gemiddelde prysvlak was sowat R2 per sakkie beter. Ook gedurende die laaste ses maande van 2014 is feitlik dieselfde hoeveelheid aartappels as die ooreenstemmende tydperk die vorige jaar verkoop, maar die gemiddelde prysvlak was sowat 70 sent per sakkies swakker.

Figuur 2 dui die negatiewe verband aan tussen verkope op die nasionale varsproduktemarkte en die gemiddelde reële markprys (nadat vir inflasie voorsiening gemaak is). Let op die groot styging in die gemiddelde prys vir 2013, maar die daling in 2014 se prys met bykans dieselfde verkoopsvolumes.

Verskillende produksiestreke se voorsiening aan varsproduktemarkte

In Tabel 1 word die verskillende produksiestreke se verkope op die markte uiteengesit vir die 2014-kalenderjaar, alhoewel sommige streke oor kalenderjare bemark. Dit is duidelik dat Limpopo die streek is wat die markte die meeste ondersteun. Hulle voorsien 27% van alle aartappels op die markte. Limpopo is dan ook die grootste produksiestreek in terme van volumes en plant jaarliks meer as 9 500 hektaar aartappels, alles onder besproeiing. Sowat 60% van hulle totale oes word na die varsproduktemarkte gekanaliseer, terwyl die res plaaslik in die streek verkoop word. Aartappels word ook na verwerkingsmaatskappye gekanaliseer. Hulle stuur feitlik net Klas 1 aartappels na die markte, aldus die tabel. In 2014 was 88% van hul aanbieding op die markte Klas 1, feitlik dieselfde syfer as die vorige vyf jaar. Laasgenoemde is dan ook een van die redes hoekom hulle deurgaans elke jaar ’n goeie gemiddelde prys realiseer.

In 2005, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2013 en 2014 het Limpopo die hoogste gemiddelde prys per sakkie gerealiseer. Vir 2006 en 2010 was hulle gemiddelde prys onder die nasionale gemiddeld omrede hulle toe uitermatig groot oeste gerealiseer het (saam met ander streke) en

Ekonomiese Nuus • Economic News


Figuur 1: RSA daagliks: prys (alle klasse) versus voorraad vir 2014

Figuur 2: Verkoopsvolume versus reële pryse vir aartappels op markte (kalenderjare)

pryse dus onder druk was. Limpopo se gemiddelde prys vir 2014 was bo die nasionale gemiddelde prys van R34.33 per sakkie. Tydens hierdie streek se hoofseisoen lewer hulle maklik 70% van alle aartappels landswyd

en is hulle dus eintlik “prysbepalers”. Limpopo se produksiekoste is dan van die hoogste in die land, onder andere omdat hulle ver van die markte geleë is.

25

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85.0

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R 39.78

R 29.63

R 27.97 R 27.00

R 32.48 R 31.32

R 24

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R 28

R 30

R 32

R 34

R 36

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R 40

R 42

80

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2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

R pe

r sak

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sakk

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Verkope op markte reele markprys


Die nasionale gemiddelde prys van R34.33 per 10 kg sakkie vir 2014 was bykans R1.55 per sakkie beter as die vorige jaar, terwyl feitlik dieselfde volumes in beide jare bemark is.

Die Oos-Vrystaat was in 2014 die tweede grootste voorsiener van aartappels aan die markte. Gedurende die drie jare, 2010 tot 2012, het hulle elke jaar sowat 14 miljoen 10 kg sakkies markte toe gestuur. Gedurende 2013 het hulle egter sowat 17 miljoen sakkies markte toe gestuur – dus ’n duidelike groeitendens.

Let op die lae gemiddelde prys van KwaZulu-Natal, die vyfde grootste voorsiener aan die markte. Dit gebeur gereeld dat KwaZulu-Natal se gemiddelde prys vir die kalenderjaar laer as die land se gemiddeld prys is.

Verskillende varsproduktemarkte se verkope

In Tabel 2 word 19 varsproduktemarkte se ontvangste en gevolglik verkope van aartappels vir die 2014 kalenderjaar aangetoon. Johannesburg verkoop die meeste, naamlik 36% van die totaal van sowat 103 miljoen sakkies vir die 2014-kalenderjaar.

In geheel gesien beland na raming effens minder as 60% van alle tafelaartappels op die varsproduktemarkte. Hierdie syfer daal oor die langtermyn en is ‘n rede tot kommer, aangesien die varsproduktemarkte as “prysbepalers” dien. Die vier grootste markte verkoop meer as 70% van alle aartappels wat na die markte gekanaliseer word.

Johannesburg het nie net die meeste aartappels verkoop nie, maar sy gemiddelde prys van R34.55 per sakkie is ook beter as die nasionale gemiddeld van R34.33 (sien Tabel 2). Sedert 2007 styg Johannesburg se markaandeel elke jaar en kon die gemiddelde nasionale prys ook elke jaar geklop word. Pretoria, die tweede grootste mark, kon ook in die vorige twee jaar daarin slaag om die nasionale gemiddelde prys te klop. In 2010 kon Pretoria die nasionale prys met een sent per sakkie klop, maar die vorige jaar was sy gemiddelde prys laer as die nasionale gemiddeld. Die laaste elf jaar kon Durban-mark net in een jaar die nasionale prys klop, naamlik in 2010.

Pietermaritzburg met sy sowat 3.5 miljoen sakkies het die laagste gemiddelde prys gerealiseer, maar verkoop ’n relatief lae persentasie Klas 1 en Klas 1 medium,

Produksie-streek

Totale sakkies

% vantotaal

Gemprys

Persentasie van lewerings by VPMe

Klas 1 Klas 2 Klas 3&4 Klas 1 M

(10 kg) (R/10 kg)

Limpopo 27,578,398 27% 37.82 88% 10% 3% 55%

Oos-Vrystaat 18,563,723 18% 30.84 67% 24% 9% 38%

Wes-Vrystaat 18,010,381 17% 34.11 71% 21% 8% 51%

Sandveld 8,963,860 9% 34.15 76% 21% 2% 45%

Kwazulu-Natal 6,303,223 6% 30.71 72% 21% 7% 46%

Suidwes-Vrystaat 4,610,965 4% 36.84 80% 14% 6% 54%

Oos-Kaap 4,026,939 4% 33.78 74% 14% 12% 43%

Noord-Wes 3,648,326 4% 35.81 82% 11% 7% 55%

Noord-Kaap 3,646,912 4% 34.45 60% 21% 19% 39%

Mpumalanga 2,266,601 2% 33.25 80% 15% 5% 53%

Noordoos-Kaap 2,233,917 2% 31.02 64% 26% 10% 46%

Gauteng 2,225,522 2% 31.72 77% 16% 7% 48%

Ceres 890,027 1% 32.74 75% 18% 7% 41%

Suidwes-Kaap 154,406 0.1% 36.11 73% 27% 0% 49%

Marble Hall 53,553 0.1% 22.22 58% 10% 32% 26%

Suid-Kaap 36,264 0.0% 21.53 41% 4% 55% 24%

Totaal 103,213,016 100% 34.33 76% 17% 7% 48%

Tabel 1: 2014 kalenderjaar - Voorsiening aan varsproduktemarkte (VPMe)

Ekonomiese Nuus • Economic News


nie, maar varieer ook tussen markte. Onthou dat slegs gemiddelde pryse op die tabelle aangedui word en ook net vir die kalenderjaar. Dit is belangrik dat die produsente na afloop van elke seisoen hul bemarkingstrategie sal evalueer. Het hy/sy na die regte markte gestuur en hoe vergelyk die pryse wat gerealiseer is het met sy/haar streek se gemiddeld? Hoe vergelyk sy/haar klasverspreiding met die streek se gemiddeld? Sodanige data is by Aartappels SA beskikbaar. C

Varsproduktemark

Totale sakkies

% vantotaal

Gemprys

Persentasie van verkope/lewering

Klas 1 Klas 2 Klas 3&4 Klas 1 M

(10 kg) (R/10 kg)

Johannesburg 37,204,288 36% 34.55 82% 14% 5% 51%

Pretoria 18,666,450 18% 34.76 74% 19% 7% 48%

Durban 9,896,224 10% 33.50 75% 18% 7% 55%

Kaapstad 9,862,290 10% 33.68 74% 22% 3% 44%

Springs 3,682,811 4% 33.67 73% 16% 11% 44%

Port Elizabeth 3,569,952 3% 32.29 69% 20% 12% 45%

Pietermaritzburg 3,487,517 3% 29.45 59% 27% 14% 36%

Oos London 3,023,702 3% 35.87 69% 17% 13% 46%

Klerksdorp 3,021,237 3% 34.34 74% 18% 8% 47%

Bloemfontein 2,378,118 2% 36.79 73% 20% 8% 49%

Mpumalanga 2,297,363 2% 38.94 75% 22% 4% 46%

Welkom 1,690,241 2% 36.45 74% 15% 11% 48%

Vereeniging 1,230,666 1% 35.26 74% 20% 6% 45%

Witbank 791,960 1% 36.99 74% 21% 5% 40%

Uitenhage 615,648 1% 32.18 63% 23% 14% 33%

Kimberley 510,334 0.5% 36.24 74% 15% 11% 51%

George 471,118 0.5% 33.61 66% 24% 10% 28%

Mthatha 458,836 0.4% 30.82 59% 29% 13% 35%

Nelspruit 354,262 0.3% 33.87 73% 23% 4% 58%

Totaal 103,213,016 100% 34.33 76% 17% 7% 48%

Tabel 2: 2014 kalenderjaar - Verkope op varsproduktemarkte

aldus Tabel 2. ’n Relatief hoë persentasie Klas 2’s word gevolglik ook hier verkoop. Elke jaar is Pietermaritzburg se gemiddelde prys of die laagste of die tweede laagste van alle markte.

Slotgedagtes

Dit is belangrik om te besef dat produsente gedurig hul huiswerk sal doen oor waarheen om hulle aartappels te stuur. Pryse varieer nie net op ’n dag op dieselfde mark


GAMTOOS KULTIVARPROEF ONDER BESPROEIING OP

HANKEY - 2014

Die proef is onder besproeiing geplant op die plaas Wagondrift van mnr. Pieter Ferreira op Hankey in die Gamtoos-produksiegebied. Die plant- en oesdatum was onderskeidelik 12 Junie 2014 en 11 Desember 2014. Die kultivars met hul groeiperiodes, plantgereedheid, halmtellings en stand word weergegee in Tabel 1. Dit is belangrik om daarop te let dat groeiperiodes die oesopbrengs van kultivars beïnvloed. Die bemestingsprogram het bestaan uit 121 kg/ha stikstof, 71 kg/ha fosfaat en 122 kg/ha kalium. Die grondontleding

Tabel 1. Groeiperiode, plantgereedheid van moere, halmtellings en stand.

word aangetoon in Tabel 2. Die proef is in ’n ewekansige blokontwerp geplant met drie herhalings. Die ryspasiëring was 0.9 m dubbelrye en perseelgrootte per was 1.8 m by 10 m. Die oppervlakte per herhaling was dus 18 m2.

Die weerdata vir die proef is nie beskikbaar nie aangesien die weerstasie tussen Patensie en Hankey se daaglikse data nie ingekom het nie, weens die poskantoor staking. In Figuur 3 word die opbrengsdata saam met die bemarkingsindeks aangetoon. Die kultivar-effek was

Kultivar Groei-periode1 Plant-gereedheid2

Halmtellingper plant

Stand (%)

1 Dae vanaf opkoms tot 100% loofafsterwe2 Plantgereedheid van moere: 1 – Vars; 2 – Effens vars; 3 – Plantgereed; 4 – Effens oud; 5 – Oud

René Carlson en Dániel Möller (Aartappels Suid-Afrika)

Bedryfsdienste • Industry Services


60.2

81.1

85.7

97.3

100.3

100.9

104.4

130.8

139.3

78.2 d

90.6 cd

93.2 c

99.3 c

100.8 bc

101.1 bc

102.8 bc

115.1 ab

118.8 a

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Lanorma

Eos

Avalanche

Sifra

Savanna

Labadia

Panamera

Valor

Mondial

Opbrengs en bemarkingsindeks as persentasie van die proefgemiddeld (%)

Kulti

var

Opbrengs Bemarkingsindeks

p = 0.004 KV% = 8.7

Tabel 2. Grondontleding

pH(KCl)

P Bray Img/kg

K mg/kg

Ca mg/kg

Mg mg/kg

K %

Ca %

Mg %

Na %

statisties beduidend (p=0.004) en die koëffisiënt van variasie was laag (8.7%). Die proef is dus goed uitgevoer en resultate is betroubaar. Vir die berekening van opbrengsdata word die gemiddeld van al die kultivars as 100% geneem. Die opbrengs van die individuele kultivars word dan deur die proefgemiddeld gedeel en elke kultivar se opbrengsprestasie word as ’n persentasie van die proefgemiddeld uitgedruk. Die kultivar Mondial het die hoogste opbrengste behaal en was beduidend hoër as al die ander kultivars behalwe vir Valor (Figuur 1). Lanorma en Eos het in die laagste opbrengste-groep geval. Die kultivars Mondial, Valor, Panamera, Labadie en Savanna het hoër opbrengste as die proefgemiddeld (62.5 ton/ha) behaal. In Figuur 2 word die grootteverspreiding van die opbrengs van die onderskeie kultivars aangetoon.

Figuur 1. Totale opbrengs as persentasie van die proefgemiddeld. Waardes gevolg deur dieselfde letter is nie beduidend verskillend van mekaar nie.

Ten einde die prestasie van die kultivars in terme van opbrengs en kwaliteit te bepaal, word die opbrengs en grootteverspreiding gebruik om teen die gemiddelde markpryse vir die betrokke dag ’n bemarkingsindeks te bereken. Die opbrengs vermenigvuldig met prys gee die bemarkingsindeks. Die data is weereens as persentasie van die proefgemiddeld uitgedruk. Die kultivar Mondial het die hoogste bemarkingsindeks behaal.

Die kooktoetsresultate word aangedui in tabel 3. Die kooktipe was effens melerig, die struktuur na papkook was medium en daar was geen verkleuring na kook vir al die kultivars. C


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Mondial Valor Panamera Labadia Savanna Sifra Avalanche Eos Lanorma

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Figuur 2. Grootteverspreiding

Tabel 3. Soortlike gewig, skyfiekleur en kleur van gekookte aartappels.

Kultivar Soortlike gewig1 Skyfiekleur2 Kleur

1Soortlike gewig van >1.075 is aanvaarbaar vir die prosesseringsbedryf.2Skyfiekleur met waarde >50 en sonder defekte is aanvaarbaar vir die droëskyfiebedryf.



OOS-VRYSTAAT KULTIVARPROEF ONDER DROËLANDTOESTANDE OP

MARQUARD - 2013/14

Die proef is geplant onder droëlandtoestande op die plaas van mnre. Yzel op Marquard in die Oos- Vrystaat produksiegebied. Die plant- en oesdatum was onderskeidelik 12 November 2013 en 13 Junie 2014. Die kultivars met hul groeiperiodes, plantgereedheid, stand en halmtellings word weergegee in Tabel 1. Dit is belangrik om daarop te let dat groeiperiodes die oesopbrengs van

Tabel 1. Groeiperiode, plantgereedheid van moere, standtellings en halmtellings.

kultivars beïnvloed. Die bemestingsprogram het bestaan uit 61 kg/ha stikstof, 33 kg/ha fosfaat en 47 kg/ha kalium met plant en 40 kg/ha stikstof na opkoms toegedien in twee top bemestings. Die grondontleding word aangetoon in Tabel 2. Die tussenry-spasiëring was 1.8 m en die perseeloppervlakte was 18 m2. Die plantpopulasie was dus 18 518 plante per hektaar. Die proef is in ’n

Kultivar Groei-periode1 Plant-gereedheid2

Stand(%)

Halmsper plant

Halms per hektaar

1 Dae vanaf opkoms tot 100% loofafsterwe2 Plantgereedheid van moere: 1 – Vars; 2 – Effens vars; 3 – Plantgereed; 4 – Effens oud; 5 – Oud

René Carlson en Attie van den Berg, Aartappels Suid-Afrika



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PLANT OES

Tabel 2. Grondontleding

pH Pmg/kg

K mg/kg

ewekansige blokontwerp geplant.

Die weerstasie op Wildebeeslaagte naby Marquard is ’n nuwe stasie gevolglik is daar geen langtermyndata beskikbaar nie.

In Figuur 3 word die opbrengsdata saam met die bemarkingsindeks aangetoon. Die kultivar-effek was statisties hoogs beduidend (p<0.001) en die koëffisiënt van variasie was laag (8.4%). Die proef is dus goed uitgevoer en die resultate is betroubaar. Vir die berekening van opbrengsdata word die gemiddeld van al die kultivars as 100% geneem. Die opbrengs van die individuele kultivars word dan deur die proefgemiddeld gedeel en elke kultivar se opbrengsprestasie word as ’n persentasie van die proefgemiddeld uitgedruk. Die kultivar Savanna het die hoogste opbrengste behaal en was beduidend hoër as al die ander kultivars, behalwe vir Mondial, Kikko en Electra.

Figuur 1. Daaglikse kumulatiewe reënval en totale reënval per maand.

Golf het in die laagste opbrengste-groep geval, maar het nie beduidend van Marimba, Markies, Labadia, Fianna en Konsul verskil nie. Die kultivars Savanna, Mondial, Kikko, Electra, Sifra, Nectar, Panamera, Lanorma en Elmundo het hoër opbrengste as die proefgemiddeld (69.7 ton/ha) behaal. In Figuur 4 word die grootteverspreiding en in Figuur 5 die gradering van die opbrengs van die onderskeie kultivars aangetoon.

Ten einde die prestasie van die kultivars in terme van opbrengs en kwaliteit te bepaal, word die opbrengs, grootteverspreiding (Figuur 4) en gradering (Figuur 5) gebruik om teen die gemiddelde markpryse vir die betrokke dag ‘n bemarkingsindeks te bereken. Die opbrengs vermenigvuldig met prys gee die bemarkingsindeks. Die data is weereens as persentasie van die proefgemiddeld uitgedruk. Die kultivar Savanna het die hoogste bemarkingsindeks behaal as gevolg van hoë persentasies groot en klas 1 aartappels wat deur die kultivar gelewer is. Die knolvorm-indeks, kook- en prosesseringseienskappe word in Tabel 3 aangetoon. Die inwendige voorkoms was egalig vir alle kultivars en geen vaatbundelverbruining, bruinvlek of holhart het voorgekom nie. C


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Figuur 2. Minimum en maksimum daaglikse temperatuur (° C).

74.8 h 77.1 h

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Markies Labadia Fianna Konsul

Synergy Grandeur Melanto Elmundo Lanorma

Panamera Nectar

Sifra Electra

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Opbrengs en bemarkingsindeks as persentasie van die proefgemiddeld (%)

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vars

Opbrengs Bemarskingsindeks

p < 0.001 KBV = 14.0 KV% = 8.4

Figuur 3. Totale opbrengs as persentasie van die proefgemiddeld. Waardes gevolg deur dieselfde letter is nie beduidend verskillend van mekaar nie.



Figuur 4. Grootteverspreiding

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Tabel 3. Kook- en prosesseringseienskappe (Uitgevoer deur LNR-Roodeplaat).

Kultivar Kooktipe1 Struktuur Verkleur Skyfie- kleur2 SG3

1BM – Baie melerige tot losse tekstuur; M – Melerig, krummelrige tot los aartappel; EM – Effens melerige, vry-ferm aartappel met fyn tot taamlike fyn tekstuur NM – Nie melerige, ferm aartappel met ‘n fyn tekstuur2Skyfiekleur met waarde >50 en sonder defekte is aanvaarbaar vir die droëskyfiebedryf. 3Soortlike gewig van >1.075 is aanvaarbaar vir die prosesseringsbedryf.



Kommunikasie • Communication

Aartappels SA vereer PIDT trustees

Tydens die onlangse vergadering van die Aartappelbedryfsforum het Aartappels SA dr. Freek du Plooy en me. Lillibeth Moolman, twee trustees wat sedert die stigting van die Potato Industry Development Trust (PIDT) in 2004 daarop dien, met die Solanum Tuberosum Sertifikaat vereer. Dr. André Jooste, hoofuitvoerende beampte van Aartappels SA, het in sy boodskap genoem dat die toekenning aan persone en/of instansies oorhandig word as blyk van erkenning en waardering vir onder andere die wyse waarop die ontvanger sy/haar werksaamhede met toewyding en ywer verrig het en daardeur die belange van die aartappelbedryf bevorder en uitgebou het.

Wat dr. Du Plooy betref het dr. Jooste genoem dat

eersgenoemde ‘n reuse bydrae gemaak het tot die bevordering van die navorsing en ontwikkeling-kernbesigheid van Aartappels SA. Hy het ook verwys na dr. Du Plooy se rol as mentor vir menige aartappelnavorsers wat sal uitstaan in sy nalatenskap aan die aartappelbedryf.

Dr. Jooste het na me. Moolman se sleutelrol verwys wat sy vervul het op die besture van verskeie landbou-instansies en veral haar onwrikbare beskerming van die belange van die verbruiker. Wat die Trust betref het hy haar geloof vir haar standvastigheid en detail-betragting om te verseker dat trustfondse korrek aangewend word en dat die aanwending alle belangegroepe in die aartappelbedryf tot voordeel strek.

Artikel en foto: Gawie Geyer

Foto: vlnr. Dr. Freek du Plooy, me. Lillibeth Moolman, dr. André Jooste en mnr. Ernst Yzel.

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Promosie • Promosion


Soos met die meeste bedrywe het die ontwikkeling in die tegnologie van die afgelope aantal jare totale nuwe wêrel-de in die groentebedryf geopen. In die teling van ‘n nuwe botterskorsiereeks het Sakata se telers groot deurbrake gemaak in die verbetering van opbrengs, siekteweerstand, kwaliteit (wat voorkoms en eenvormigheid insluit), smaak en verhoogde gesondheidseienskappe. Hierdie verbete-rings pas nie net die huisvrou wat ‘n hoë kwaliteit produk vir haar rand verwag nie, maar voldoen ook aan die boer se vereistes vir hoër opbrengs, siektebestandheid, aanpas-baarheid en houvermoë.

Hierdie baster botterskorsie reeks het die afgelope aantal jare getoon dat hul groeikragtigheid en hoë weerstand teen Poeieragtige meeldou die plante minder vatbaar maak vir blaarsiektes onder toestande wat normaalweg lei tot siekte ontwikkeling. Die groeikragtigheid stel ook die plante in staat om ‘n groot aantal vrugte tot volwassenheid te dra en kan oor ‘n lang tydperk produseer.

Sakata se variëteite is doelgerig ontwikkel om die behoef-tes van verskillende markte en boerderymetodes aan te spreek. Atlas is vir jare reeds die nommer een keuse van verwerkers weens die vruggrootte, interne kwaliteit en kleur. Die bekende Pluto, en die nuwe susterlyn Quantum, wat bietjie kleiner is as Pluto, is tans die eerste keuse vir uitvoer en die varsmark. Veenas is geskik vir die uitvoerder en voorafverpakking vir veral die kettingwinkelgroepe wat ‘n kleiner vrug verkies. Dan is daar die unieke Cosmos, die enigste bostipe botterskorsie in die mark, ideaal vir kantrye in spuitpaaie, wat meganiese onkruidbeheer moontlik maak in die verbouing van botterskorsies.

Sakata se unieke botterskorsie reeks is ‘n absolute markwenner

PLUTO is vir die afgelope paar jaar alreeds die voorloper in die Suid-Afrikaanse mark. Die sterk groeiende baster-plante is wyd aanpasbaar met uitstekende weerstandbie-dendheid teen Poeieragtige meeldou. Die opbrengspoten-siaal van Pluto is besonders hoog en opbrengste van meer as 60 t/ha is al in kommersiële aanplantings verkry. Ideale plantestand is 12 000 plante per ha. Pluto is besonders gewild vir uitvoer en verwerking weens die eenvormige vrugte met ’n besonderse interne kwaliteit. Pluto is ‘n mark-wenner wat ‘n nuwe hoofstuk skryf in die produksie van botterskorsies.

Vir meer inligting oor Sakata se botterskorsie reeks, skakel gerus Sakata se Hulplyn by 0861 100 548 of besoek se Sakata se webwerf, www.sakata.co.za.

AFWYSENDE KLOUSULE: Hierdie inligting is op ons waarnemings en/of inligting vanaf ander bronne gebaseer. Aangesien gewasprestasie van die inter-aksie tussen die genetiese potensiaal van die saad, die fisiologiese eienskappe daarvan en die omgew-ing, bestuurspraktyke ingesluit, afhang, gee ons geen waarborg uitdruklik of deur implikasie, vir die prestasie van gewasse relatief tot die inligting gegee, nog aan-vaar ons enige aanspreeklikheid vir enige verlies, direk of as gevolg daarvan, wat tewyte aan enige oorsaak ookal mag ontstaan. Lees eers asseblief Sakata Seed Southern Africa (Pty) Ltd se verkoopsvoorwaardes voordat saad bestel word.

Pluto (regs) en opposisie botterskorsies (links) – hoewel blaarsiektes die opposisie variëteit totaal tot niet gemaak het, lewer die Pluto plante steeds ‘n opbrengs

Pluto se uit-staande vrug-kwaliteit en eenvormigheid maak van hierdie botterskorsie ‘n markwenner

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Potato Soccer Tournament word 7 jaar oud

Die finale wedstryde om die wenspan van die 7th Potato Soccer Tournament te bepaal is op 8 November 2014 in die Koue Bokkeveld gespeel. Hierdie vier spanne was deel van die 83 spanne wat vir die kompetisie ingeskryf het. Die dag het uitstekende sokker opgelewer wat ‘n duidelike

Artikel: Suretha Deetlefs / Foto’s: Magdel du Toit

bewys is dat groot vordering deur al vier spanne gemaak is. Die algemene gevoel was dat om een van hierdie vier spanne te kon wees, daarop dui dat dié spanne weklik goed is.

Wedstryd Deelnemende spanne Uitslag

Die ander spanne wat tot die uitspeelrondtes deurgedring het was Matjiesrivier, Laastedrif 1, Rietfontein 1 en 2, Tandfontein 1 en 2, Nooitgedacht 2, Parys 1 en 3, Rocklands 2, Leeuwrivier, Donkerbos 1, Bergstroom 1 en Esperanto. Hierdie spanne het elk ’n Adidas sokkerbal en R300 prysgeld ontvang. Dankie aan Adidas en Kota Wessels van Basson Sport wat die balle gereël het en Aartappels SA wat die prysgeld geskenk het.

Die prysgeld wat die vier top spanne losgespeel het is soos volg:• Wenners – Northridge loop weg met die R13 000 prysgeld geskenk deur Shoprite/Freshmark en die Potato Soccer Tournament trofee vir 2014. Die spanlede ontvang ook elk ’n volledige stel sokkerklere van Shoprite met die winkelgroep en die boerdery- eenheid se embleem daarop.• Naaswenner – Langrivier ontvang R8 000 prysgeld wat deur Aartappels SA geskenk is, asook oefenhemde wat deur Shoprite geskenk is.• 3de plek – Môrester ontvang R4 000 prysgeld wat deur Aartappels SA geskenk is.

• 4de plek – Paardekloof ontvang R2,500 prysgeld wat deur Aartappels SA geskenk is.

Anele Holani van Northridge is as Speler van die Dag aangewys wat beteken dat hy ’n weeklange oefenkamp saam met Santos se opkomende spelers sal bywoon.

Die Potato Power stalletjie waar heerlike gaar aartappels deurentyd gratis uitgedeel is, was weereens baie gewild onder die toeskouers. Die plaaslike Shoprite het ook verskeie eet- en drinkgoed aangebied. Wat ook populêr was, was die klein sokkerballe en T-hemde wat uitgedeel is.

Die dag is uitstekend ondersteun wat gelei het dat ‘n uitstekende gees regdeur die dag geheers het. Onder andere is Aartappels SA deur Bernhardt du Toit, direksielid van Aartappels SA, verteenwoordig terwyl Shoprite/Freshmark deur Johan Streicher, Ezelle Stadler en Jaco Matthee verteenwoordig is. James Vos, LP van Witzenberg-streek het ook die dag bygewoon. Die spanne se grootste ondersteuning het egter ongetwyfeld gekom van die plase se besture en werkers wat hulle spanne

Wat uitspeelwedstryde betref het sake soos volg verloop loop soos volg af:

Kontreinuus • Regional News


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luidkeels aangemoedig het en wat boekdele spreek oor waar hul lojaliteite lê! Die gees van die dag was om op te som - uiters positief en goed!

Ons besef maar net weereens dat ons baie bevoorreg om in een van die mooiste dele van ons land te woon. Ons is ook baie dankbaar vir goeie menseverhoudinge

en die welwillendheid van bedrywe en besighede wat ons produsente en werkers se hande gevat het om so ’n ongelooflike dag te kon aanbied – dit bly ’n groot voorreg om deel te wees van so ‘n spesiale dag!

Baie dankie aan ieder en elk wat bygedra het om die 7th Potato Soccer Tournament se sukses te verseker.


The Potato Industry ForumThe Potato Industry Forum was established in 2004 to provide a platform for potato industry stakeholders to obtain feedback from Potatoes South Africa on projects funded with the statutory levy on potatoes as well as to allow for inputs by them on projects to be undertaken that would benefit the industry as a whole. The Potato Industry Forum last met on 4 December 2014 in Pretoria under the chairmanship of Prof Johan Kirsten.

The agenda made provision for a variety of matters which included food wastage, partnering for transformation in the potato industry, the development of new descriptive terms for potato classification and results of the consumer usage and attitude study on potatoes.

Feed-back was also provided on the current status of Project Market Rebirth, potato packaging and paper specifications (see article in this CHIPS on p. 14), VAT zero rating for agriculture, the importation of French fries and Potatoes South Africa’s application for statutory measures.

Food Wastage

Dr Suzan Oelofse of the CSIR in her presentation stressed the negatives of food wastage, especially if it is taken into account the estimation that almost one in seven people globally are undernourished. Hand in hand with the aforementioned goes the negative impact of food wastage on food security, wastage of resources used in the production and distribution of foodstuffs and finally the environmental impacts throughout the supply chain.According to Dr Oelofse studies have shown that in some instances as much as 50% of food is wasted even before it reaches the consumer.

As far as food wastage in South Africa is concerned on average 31.4% (9.04 million tonnes) of the local food production goes to waste. If imports are incorporated the figures rises to 10.2 million tonnes per annum. Equated into monetary terms the total cost is in excess of R64.5 billion – the equivalent of 21% of South Africa’s GDP.

In terms of addressing the wastage problem, she focussed on cost and water. As far as cost is concerned she suggested that interventions should focus on wastage occurring during the processing, packaging and distribution of fruit, vegetables and meat. In respect of water interventions should focus on fruit and vegetables, cereals and meat. Dr Oelofse also stressed the importance

Article: Gawie Geyer and Elsabé Els / Photos: Gawie Geyer

of introducing alternative waste treatment technologies to address the problem.

She said in conclusion that the challenges facing waste management can primarily be ascribed to the lack of sufficient funding for on-going research and the lack of local data which means that high level global estimates are used in published research studies which cannot easily be verified.

In respect of the fresh produce markets Mr Deon van Zyl of IMASA explained that the necessary mechanisms are in place to ensure that produce that is no longer fit for human consumption is removed from the market floor and destroyed. As far as potatoes are concerned he added that because of the daily inspection on potatoes undertaken by Prokon officials, potatoes are not regarded as a major contributor to food wastage on markets.

From a processors point of view the general consensus was that as a result of consumer protection laws processors cannot market unsaleable foodstuffs except to possibly channel it to the animal feed market.

Partnering for transformation in the potato industry

Ms Nonvula Xaba, Transformation Manager of Potatoes South Africa, provided an overview of the redesigned transformation strategy for the potato industry with the emphasis on the establishment of a business development unit to drive the four pillars of transformation, i.e. enterprise development, small grower development, farm based training and tertiary skills development.

As far as the road ahead is concerned Ms Xaba said that the successful transformation of the potato industry is dependent on establishing partnership with the other stakeholders in the industry with the emphasis on human and capital resources.

The members of the Forum agreed that it is imperative that more should be done to create awareness of what is being achieved in the potato industry as far as transformation is concerned. It is also necessary that a proper database of all black farmers be compiled as a matter of urgency in view of its importance to determine policy, coordinate activities and allocate funding.

Algemeen • General


The next step would be the acceptance of the descriptive terms followed by the introduction thereof with the assistance of the trade, taking into account the importance of uniform colour-coding.

Consumer usage and attitude study on potatoes

Mr Rudolf Badenhorst provided and overview of the consumer usage and attitude study on potatoes and explained that the study was conducted to better understand the South African consumer which would put Potatoes South Africa in a position to develop a potato value proposal that will positively influence the consumer’s buying decision. (For a full report on the study see CHIPS – July/August 2014, pp. 20 – 29)

Rebranding: Development of descriptive terms for potato classification

Ms Carmen van Niekerk from the University of Pretoria presented the findings of the study conducted by the university on changing the descriptive terms of potato classification to make it possible for the consumer to understand the terms and be able to associate with it, especially since the LSM 4 to 7 is regarded as the primary target market.

The new descriptive terms of soft, crisp, firm but soft and buttery/creamy are based on the following groupings that came out of the study:• Potjie and stew.• Bake, roast, chips and slap chips.• Boil and salad.• Mash

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ASD • PCS

The correlation of field sample results with post-control results on the same

registered seed potato unitArticle: Albert Theron / Photos: Frank Osler, Potato Certification Service

When seed potatoes are certified, the seed potatoes on the registered units go through the whole certification process from registration, first and second field inspections, sampling, tuber inspection and post-control sampling. These certification processes were previously discussed in CHIPS. In this article the focus will be on what can influence the correlation between the virus field sample results and the virus post-control results on seed potatoes from the same unit. We are not discussing how the virus can be distributed throughout the plants and tubers.

The sampling of units

When taking a virus field sample, tubers are taken randomly from potato plants, evenly distributed over the unit. Only one tuber from a potato plant is taken for the sample. The aim of the field sample is to obtain a representative sample to determine the virus status of the seed potatoes produced on a registered seed unit. The certification grade of the seed potatoes from the unit is influenced by this virus result. From the seed potatoes harvested on a specific unit, virus post-control samples are taken after the seed potatoes have been harvested, sorted, packed and presented for certification at the tuber

inspection. For this discussion, we do not consider the type of virus, only whether there is virus in a specific unit.

The South African Seed Potato Certification Scheme (Scheme) prescribes that a 400 tuber sample per 2.5 ha for Generation 1 and 2, a 400 tuber field sample per 5 ha for Generation 3 and a 200 tuber sample for Generation 4 to 8 per 5 ha or part thereof must be taken. The seed potato grower can decide to take a bigger sample of 400 tubers instead of a 200 tuber sample. Virus post-control samples are taken from seed potato bags which have the grower label affixed to it at the time of the tuber inspection. One unit can have more than one post control sample; one for each tuber inspection conducted on the seed potatoes certified from that same unit and when more than 5000 x 25 kg seed potato bags are presented for certification. The size of the virus post-control sample in the case of G1 to G8 seed potatoes is 200 tubers per 5 000 x 25 kg bags presented or portion thereof, for example when 1 350 x 25 kg seed potato bags are presented one virus post-control sample will be taken, but when 7 500 x 25 kg bags are presented, two virus post-control samples will be taken.

ASD • PCS


Diagram 1. The sampling pattern of a unit of seed potatoes

When looking at the sample pattern, it is clear that there is a possibility that a sample can be drawn on a unit with low infection and not draw a virus infected tuber. In diagram 1, we see a representation of how we would typically go about drawing a sample in a unit of seed potatoes. The red dots represent where a seed potato would be taken and the black lines represent the planting rows. The aim of sampling is to get a representative sample that is evenly distributed over the whole unit. The virus result of the sample would then be representative of the seed potatoes lifted from the unit and this is the result that is used for certification of the seed potatoes harvested from this unit.

Diagram 2. The yellow colour in the diagram represents areas of virus infection on the unit.

In diagram 2 it shows how there can be an area in the unit that is infected with virus and how there is a chance that there could be a sample drawn from the infected area. It also shows on the left hand side how it can be possible to draw samples that miss the infected area when the infected area is small and because of the location of the area. When post-control samples are drawn in the shed after the potatoes have been packed into bags, the certification official determines how many bags are presented and randomly takes at least 25 x 25 kg bags per 5 000 x 25 kg bags from the presented seed lot. For up to 5000 x 25 kg bags presented, a virus post-control sample of


250 tubers is taken out of those 25 selected bags. Ten tubers are taken from each bag.

When virus post-controls are taken from the seed potatoes in the shed, one post-control is often drawn from only the portion of the land that is already lifted and sorted at that specific time. (As shown in diagram 3 where the light grey area represents the area in the unit where the first post control sample are taken.) In this case, the specific virus post-control sample taken from that portion of the unit will test clean for virus, although there is a virus infection in the field. On the other hand, the whole block can have only one virus post-control taken representatively over the whole presentation of seed potatoes if it is up to 5 000 x 25 kg bags, and the post-control sample will then show virus infection.

The bags of seed potatoes presented for certification in a shed can have the same effect on sampling as when a sample is taken from a field unit. The aim of all sampling is that it must be taken randomly and be representative of either the unit or a seed lot.

High and low infections

When there is a high virus infection on a unit, the easier the test detects this high virus infection. The lower the infection the more difficult it becomes to detect the virus infection. There is a low correlation between two samples on a unit with low virus infection, but when there is a high infection rate, the correlation increases between samples.

Diagram 3. The grey area shows where the seed potatoes are already harvested from the unit

Time of infection of the virus

Early virus infections and the planting of seed potatoes already infected with virus (secondary infection) are more accurately detected by the field samples. When late in-season infection (late primary infection) occurs the virus can be missed by the field sample and is only detected by the virus post-control sample. These infections are then detected during the field inspection the following season. Regrowth and the subsequent infection thereof can also result in a post-control result higher than the field sample result. Therefore, when regrowth is detected after the field sample has been taken, the sample is rejected and certification will only take place on a store sample virus result.

To summarize: • Potato Certification Service takes virus samples that are representative of the registered unit.• The certification official is present when the sample is taken. • The laboratories testing the samples are approved by the Independent Certification Council for Seed Potatoes. • The ELISA-virus test used at the laboratories, is a test that is used with confidence throughout the whole world in seed potato certification.• When virus post-control results are higher than field sample results, it is when in season infection or regrowth occured on a unit. C

ASD • PCS


Even though the virus post-control result can differ from the certification result, most seed potatoes certified complies with the certification standards at post-control as well. (See the attached graph).


PROKON NUUS

PROKON

Gedurende November en Desember 2014 het 16 aartappelproduk-siestreke asook nie-produserende verskaffers aartappels aan die

varsproduktemarkte landwyd gelewerSTREEK % VAN

LEWER-INGS

SAKKIES GELEWER

DRIE HOOF KULTIVARS

PERSENTASIE AFMERKINGS

HOOFREDES VIR AFMERKINGS

Nie-pro-duserende verskaffers

3.0% 489,234 Mondial (48.13%)Sifra (28.50%)Valor (10.49%)

10.12% Verbruining (24.0%)Meganiese beskadiging (15.75%)Nerfaf/los (11.93%)

Sandveld 12.02% 1,974,979 Mondial (45.88%) Sifra (26.39%) Valor (15.01%)

7.30% Verbruining (69.99%)Meganiese beskadiging (9.85%) Vergroening (7.97%)

Ceres 1.31% 215,088 Mondial (24.74%)Sifra (25.09%)Valor (50.17%)

0.58% Uitgeloop (74.86%) Insekbeskadiging (8.75%)Meganiese beskadiging (8.75%)

Suidwes-Kaap

0.08% 12,950 Valor (41.70%)BP1 (18.96%)Avalanche (12.13%)

56.39% Verbruining (53.87%)Bruinskurf (17.25%)Te klein (14.24%)

Noord-Kaap 0.43% 70,456 Sifra (54.01%) Mondial (41.30%) Platina (4.68%)

2.81% Meganiese beskadiging (44.44%)Vergroening (38.89%)Stingelent-verrotting(11.11%)

PROKON


STREEK % VAN LEWER-INGS

SAKKIES GELEWER

DRIE HOOF KULTIVARS

PERSENTASIE AFMERKINGS

HOOFREDES VIR AFMERKINGS

Oos-Kaap 10.06% 1,653,043 Mondial (86.07%) Sifra (7.72%) Valor (2.83%)

5.73% Vergroening (46.04%)Meganiese beskadiging (15.67%)Bederf (9.05%)

Suid-Kaap 0.14% 23,010 Mondial (40.03%) Sifra (42.59%) Valor (17.38%)

0.43% Meganiese beskadiging (100%)

Noordoos-Kaap

0.06% 9,363 Mondial (67.12%)Imola (32.88%)

3.20% Vergroening (100%)

Wes-Vrystaat 0.25% 40,655 Mondial (58.86%)Savana (33.09%)Sifra (8.14%)

0.34% Aartappelmot (78.57%)Verbruining (21.42%)

Oos-Vrystaat 0.80% 132,083 Mondial (79.62%)Valor (11.43%)Savana (5.33%)

4.07% Aartappelmot (52.27%)Grootte-afwyking (16.40%)Meganiese beskadiging (13.63%)

Suidwes-Vrystaat

5.36% 880,948 Sifra (75.16%)Mondial (15.29%)Almera (8.47%)

1.57% Vergroening (27.12%)Nerfaf/los (14.22%)Aartappelmot (13.59%)

KwaZulu-Natal

7.64% 1,256,617 Mondial (51.08%)Sifra (19.44%)Valour (16.05%)

10.62% Grootte-afwyking (21.44%)Vergroening (13.32%)Aartappelmot (13.18%)

Mpumalanga 4.33% 712,795 Valor (51.83%)Mondial (43.91%)Sifra (2.90%)

1.95% Grootte-afwyking (31.10%)Bederf (28.42%)Meganiese beskadiging (10.85%)

Limpopo 47.66% 7,831,976 Mondial (73.88%)Valor (10.82%)Sifra (6.71%)

4.16% Vergroening (17.03%)Aalwurm (16.68%)Sandsplete (10.33%)

Noordwes 2.90% 476,107 Sifra (69.97%)Almera (17.15%)Mondial (6.60%)

1.49% Vergroening (15.81%)Bederf (15.81%)Gebreekte knolle (13.12%)

Gauteng 3.80% 623,985 Sifra (67.65%)Mondial (31.98%)Ander (0.19%)

6.49% Nerfaf/los (3.09%)Vergroening (19.75%)Bruinskurf (17.70%)

Loskopvallei 0.20% 28,468 Mondial (86.17%)Valor (13.83%)

0% Geen


PROKON NUUS

Totaal % afmerkings per streek op alle varsproduktemarkte: 1 September - 31 Oktober 2014

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

7.78

%

0.00

%

9.81

%

19.6

2%

3.48

%

0.00

%

7.72

%

27.3

0%

0.00

% 10

.52%

0.60

%

2.73

% 14

.29%

100.

00%

50.0

5%

15.3

1%

% Sakkies gelewer per streek op alle varsproduktemarkte: 1 September - 31 Oktober 2014

0.00%

20.00%

40.00%

60.00%

12.0

6%

1.84

%

5.49

%

13.7

7%

2.46

%

4.39

%

54.4

7%

0.73

%

1.37

%

ANDER SAKKIES MET MIN LEWERINGS CERES (0.10%), SUIDWES-KAAP (0.03%), NOORDOOS-KAAP (0.007) SUIDWES-VRYSTAAT (0.23%), KWAZULU-NATAL (1.76%), GAUTENG (0.008%), LOSKOPVALLEI (0.05%).

Hoofkultivars gelewer op alle varsproduktemarkte: 1 September - 31 Oktober 2014

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

68.5

3%

9.20

%

7.56

%

5.35

%

2.92

%

2.67

%

1.23

%

0.57

%

0.32

%

0.24

%

0.31

%

ANDER KULTIVARS MET MIN LEWERINGS ALMERA, SAVANA, MOZART, INOVA, EVORA, FINANNA, DARIUS, HERTHA, LADY ROSETTA, NICOLA, RODEO, SERENADE, CLING STONE, ARGOS, LABADIA, PENTLAND DELL, LADY JO, KIKKO, VANDERPLANK

Hoofredes vir afmerking op alle varsproduktemarkte: 1 September - 31 Oktober 2014

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00% 24.5

0%

13.3

3%

10.5

4%

8.82

%

7.42

%

6.44

%

5.83

%

3.50

%

3.01

%

2.96

% 13

.59%

ANDER AFMERKREDES: KOUE SKADE, MISVORMD, GROOTTE, BEDERF, TE KLEIN, LENTISELLE, GEBREEKTE KNOLLE, VERLEP, NERF AF/LOS, SILWER SKURF, STINGELENT-BEDERF, POEIER SKURF, BRUINVLEK, DROE VROT, VOORKOMS, BESMEER EN BESMET, WATERIGHEID, UITGELOOP, TE GROOT, RHIZOCTONIA.

Relevante statistiek ten opsigte van lewerings gedurende November en Desember 2014 is soos volg:• 16 431 757 sakkies vanuit 16 streke asook die nie-produserende verskaffers is aan die varsproduktemarkte landwyd gelewer.• 294 985 sakkies het nie aan die voorgeskrewe merkvereistes voldoen nie. Dit was 151 470 sakkies meer as gedurende September / Oktober 2014 waartydens 143 515 sakkies nie voldoen het nie. • 36 800 sakkies het nie die nodige kultivar aangedui nie, wat egter steeds ’n daling toon van 15 878 sakkies teenoor die 52 678 sakkies vir September / Oktober 2014.• Die verslag toon ‘n verlaging in die gemiddelde persentasie afmerkings van 5.11% teenoor die 5.37% vir September / Oktober 2014.

Totale aantal sakkies gelewer in November/ Desember 2014 = 16,431,757

Gemiddelde persentasie afgemerk5.11%


www.utilev.co.zaSKAKEL ONS NOU

0860 497837

* Watter een ook al eerste verstryk.

} Diesel 1,8–7 ton en elektries 2 ton} Eenvoudig om mee te werk} Maklik om te onderhou} Waarborg van 1 jaar/1 000 uur*} Verhuringskontrakte beskikbaar} 24/7 tegniese ondersteuning landswyd

’N VURKHYSER VIR JOU

Skyfie kom nou die dag af op ’n publikasie wat die destydse Aartappelraad in die vroeë 1980’s uitgegee het. Daar is toe al gesê dat “as doeltreffende produsent van

voedselenergie per oppervlakte-eenheid, behoort aartappels in die jare wat kom ‘n al hoe belangriker rol te speel in die bekamping van wêreld-voedseltekorte. Kwalitatief is aartappelproteïen, wat voedingswaarde betref, gelykstaande aan vleis, eiers of melk”.

In die laat 1600’s het die Iere sover gegaan om aartappels feitlik geheel en al as stapelvoedsel te aanvaar. Die vernietiging van 1845 en 1846 se aartappeloeste deur

Skyfie sê / Skyfie says

C

laatroes wat tot ’n nasionale ramp in Ierland gelei het, is die bewys dat tot en met daardie fiasko dit die aartappel was wat verseker het dat daar genoeg kos in Ierland is en hongersnood van die deur af weggehou het.

Vandag word daar steeds gepraat van die aartappel se vermoë om ‘n wesentlike bydrae tot voedselsekerheid te maak asook die produk se voedingswaarde om hongersnood te help keer.

Ongeag is daar steeds diegene wat aartappels in die rug steek omdat dit aan die eenkant kwansuis vetmaak en dan aan die anderkant geraasmaak om aartappels uit die dieet te sny want ‘n hoëvet- en laekoolhidraatdieet is mos die inding.

Plaas van straatname na politici vernoem moet elke dorp en stad se hoofstraat eerder Aartappelstraat en ‘n KwaZulu-Natal Potato Street, heet.

Carpe Diem – Seize the day

The potato industry is dynamic. Rapid adaptation to the changes which the time in which we live, force upon us, has become our culture.

The year which lies ahead can rightly be regarded as a Carpe Diem year during which opportunities have to be seized and during which greater opportunities have to be created.

The development of new markets, especially those beyond our borders, is already enjoying high priority and should create many opportunities. The growth in the processing industry is very positive and could contribute to higher consumption.

The entrepreneurship in the informal sector and the striv-ing to trade with a product which is in demand, suits our industry like a glove. This informal trade takes the product to every street corner of all the communities.

The farsightedness of the potato industry to timeously struc-ture in terms of future expectations has already contributed to the establishment of the industry as an essential link in the food chain.

It is now 20 years later – what’s new?

Uit die argiewe / From the archives

C

CHIPS – January / February 1995 (Extract from the Conversation)


Dagboek / Diary - 2015

Aartappelbedryfsforum / Potato Industry Forum: 29 April

Kursus in grondvoorbereiding, plant en oes (LNR-Roodeplaat) / Course in soil preparation, planting and harvesting (ARC Roodeplaat): 6 Mei / May

Navorsingsimposium / Research Symposium: 21 – 22 Julie / July

ASA Kongres / PSA Congress: 30 September – 1 Oktober / 30 September – 1 October

AARTAPPELS SA / POTATOES SA

AARTAPPELSERTIFISERINGSDIENS / POTATA CERTIFICATION SERVICE

MOERHANDELAARS / SEED POTATO TRADERS

Moerkwekersforum / Seed Potato Growers’ Forum: 29 September

Moerhandelaarsforum / Seed Potato Traders’ Forum: 28 September


World Potato Congress

Congress – 2015 Beijing, China: 28 – 30 July

Produce Marketing Association (PMA)

Agri-Food Career Fairs • University of Stellenbosch: 25 March • University of Pretoria: 21 – 22 May • University of KwaZulu-Natal: 26 August

APAC beskerm boere se belange

Nie alle boere is bewus wie APAC is, of die werk wat hulle doen om produsente se belange te beskerm nie.

Wie is APAC? Die Raad van Landbou-produkte Agente (RLPA), beter bekend as APAC (Agricultural Produce Agents Council), is verantwoordelik vir die regulering van varsprodukte, lewendehawe en uitvoer agente, binne die raamwerk van Wet 12 van 1992. Reguleering word gedoen deur verskillende proaktiewe aktiwiteite, wat direk die belange van die produsent beskerm.

Hoe beskerm APAC produsente belange?

Voorraad tellingsAPAC doen op ‘n verassings basis voorraad tellings by alle mark agente. Die tellings behels om die volume voorraad op die vloer te tel en vergelyk met wat die mark verslag aandui. Die proses sluit ook in ondersoeke na aspekte soos om te bepaal of enige voorraad verwyder is sonder die nodige dokumentasie, of voorraad “gerol” word, of onregmatige krediet verkope plaasvind asook die nagaan van die details van die kopers.

Daar word gemiddeld 275 000 eenhede per maand getel en enige tekorte moet onmiddelik reggestel word. In ernstige gevalle word daar disiplinêre aksie geloods teen die agent.

Oudit van die trust rekeningAgente moet volgens wet, alle geld ontvang vir die verkope van varsprodukte, in ‘n trust rekening betaal. APAC doen op ‘n jaarlikse basis steekproef oudits van sekere produsente transaksies waarby aspekte nagegaan word soos:o Is produsente binne vyf werksdae betaal;o Is aftrekkings van produsente betalings redelike aftrekkings volgens Wet 12;

Deur Lizel Pretorius

o Is die trust rekening alleenlik gebruik vir produsente betalings en geen besigheids of persoonlike betalings word opgemerk nie;o Die kommissie verhaal word ook nagegaan om te bepaal of dit die korrekte bedrag is waarop ‘n agent geregtig is;

Ondersoek produsente klagtesKlagtes aanhandig gemaak deur produsente word ook deur APAC ondersoek, met die doel om te bepaal of agente buite die bepalings van die wet opgetree het, al dan nie. Alhoewel die uitkoms van die meeste ondersoeke nie enige ongeruimdhede aandui nie, is dit nogsteeds ‘n belangrike aanklop punt vir produsente.

Betaal produsente eiseAPAC administreer ‘n getrouheids fonds namens varsprodukte agente. Die doel van die fonds is om produsente te vergoed wat verliese gely het as gevolg van ‘n agent wat skuldig bevind is aan diefstal.

Wat benodig APAC van produsent?APAC kan nie in isolasie werk nie en benodig produsente se samewerking om die integriteit van ‘n bedryf met ‘n waarde bo R13 biljoen per jaar te beskerm. Weet wat die basiese aspekte is waaraan ‘n agent moet voldoen en raporteer aan APAC betyds enige bekommernisse.

APAC

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE

AGENTS COUNCIL

APAC


REGISTERED FRESH PRODUCE AGENTS

APAC

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE AGENTS COUNCIL

BLOEMFONTEIN FRESH PRODUCE MARKET (Mangaung)Bloemfontein Market AgentsRSA Market AgentsModise Market AgentsSubtropico Market AgentsVrystaat Market Agents

BUTTERWORTHButterworth Market Agents

JOBURG FRESH PRODUCE MARKETBotha Roodt Johannesburg Market AgentsC L de Villiers Market AgentsCitifresh Market AgentsCiti Deep Waatlemoen Market AgentsDapper Market AgentsDW Fresh Produce Market AgentsExec-U-Fruit Market AgentsEgoly Market AgentsMarco Johannesburg Market AgentsMetro Market AgentsPula Nala Market AgentsRSA Market AgentsSubtropico Market AgentsTarget Market Agents t/a Trans Africa Market AgentsWenpro Market Agents

DURBAN FRESH PRODUCE MARKET (eThekwini Municipality)Delta Market AgentsHanly Market AgentsJohn Bell & Co Market AgentsPort Natal Market AgentsRSA Market AgentsWenpro Market Agents

CAPE TOWN FRESH PRODUCE MARKET (Epping)Boland Market AgentsBoere Market AgentsCape Market Agents RSA Market Agents Fine Bros Market AgentsFox & Brink Market AgentsFox & Brink Distribution CentreRhoda’s Market AgentsSubtropico/Spes Bona Market AgentsW P Market Agents

GEORGE MUNICIPALITYMaverick Market AgentsGarden Route Fresh Express Market Agents

KIMBERLEY FRESH PRODUCE MARKET(Sol Plaatjes Muncipality)Kimberley Market AgentsSubtropico Market AgentsSquires & Sons Market AgentsSamuels & Sons Market Agents

KING WILLIAM’S TOWNKing William’s Town Market Agents

KLERKSDORP FRESH PRODUCE MARKET (City of Matlosana)J Frances & Son Market AgentsGarfield Market AgentsMatlosana Market AgentsSubtropico Market AgentsW.L. Ochse & Kie Market Agents

MOOKETSI (Mopani District Municipality)RSA Mooketsi Market Agents

NELSPRUIT (Mpumalanga)Laeveld Market Agents Nelspruit Market Agents (JoxiFox)

EAST LONDON FRESH PRODUCE MARKET (Buffalo Municipality)AA Market AgentsBorder Farmers Market AgentsMartin & Scheepers Market AgentsSubtropico Market Agents

PORT ELIZABETH FRESH PRODUCE MARKET (Nelson Mandela Metro)African Market AgentsAlgoabaai Market Agents Lansdell Market AgentsGouws & Co Market AgentsNoordeinde Market AgentsW Finlayson & Co Market Agents

PIETERMARITZBURG FRESH PRODUCE MARKET (Mzundusi Municipality)One Boom Business t/a Peter Market AgentsG.W. Poole Market AgentsNkosi Market AgentsNatalia Market AgentsSubtropico Market Agents

TSHWANE FRESH PRODUCE MARKET (Pretoria)Botha Roodt Pretoria Market AgentsDW Fresh Produce Market AgentsDu Plessis & Wolmarans Market AgentsFarmers Trust Market AgentsRSA Market AgentsNoordvaal Market AgentsPrinsloo & Venter Market AgentsSubtropico/Protea Market Agents

SOMERSET WEST MUNICIPALITYLaeveld Market Agents

SPRINGS FRESH PRODUCE MARKET (Ekurhuleni Municipality)AM Meyer Market AgentsBotha Roodt Springs Market AgentsNew Africa Market AgentsSprings Market Agents (Fruit)Springs Market Agents (Vegetables)Subtropico Market Agents

UITENHAGE (Nelson Mandela Metro)G&G Fresh Produce Market AgentsNAK Market AgentsWaspe Market Agents

KEI FRESH PRODUCE MARKET (Mthatha – OR Tambo Municipality)Farmers Direct Market Agents

VEREENIGING FRESH PRODUCE MARKET (Sedibeng Municipality)Botha Roodt Vereeniging Market AgentsImpala Market AgentsSubtropico Market Agents

WELKOM FRESH PRODUCE MARKET (Matjhabeng Municipality)Botha Roodt Market AgentsJS Matsau Trading Market AgentsSubtropico Market AgentsOpkoms Market Agents

WITBANK FRESH PRODUCE MARKET (Emalahleni Municipality)Subtropico Market AgentsWitbank Market Agents

VISIT APAC’S WEBSITE REGULARLYDo you know if your fresh produce agent practise sound financial management? Did your agent received an audit qualification on his last audit report? Does your agent submit their monthly trust reconciliation timeously and has no trust account shortages? Ensure that you visit our website monthly as it is updated regularly with information on the financial status of agencies.

SUITE NUMBER 69, PRIVATE BAG X 9, EAST RAND, 1462TEL: (011) 894-3680 FAX: (011) 894-3761www.apacweb.org.za

REGISTRATEUR • REGISTRAR : L PRETORIUS


Editor: Gawie Geyer • Advertising: Gawie Geyer

Contact Details:Mobile: 082 388 0524, E-fax: 086 218 3462, E-mail: [email protected]

CHIPS RATES 2015

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ADVERTISING SPECIFICATIONS

ADVERTISE IN CHIPS TO REACH THE POTATO FARMER

Edition Bookings Material

July/August 10/07 17/07

September/October 11/09 18/09

November/December 06/11 13/11

The following are formats by which the magazine can accept digital advertisements:• Document to be set up to advertising specifications

(i.e. Ad specs)• E-mailed advertising material should not be bigger than

5MB (PDF, Jpeg or Tiff)• All advertising material to be in CMYK colour mode and

the resolution 300 dpi• If pictures are sent, save as high resolution (300DPI) • Logos must be 300 dpi with a CMYK colour breakdown• Press optimised PDF's on CD with a colour proof is also

acceptable.• PDFs supplied should include all fonts and in CMYK

mode.

The same rates as for advertisements apply to articles and inserts. These rates exclude VAT and advertising agency commission.

If six advertisements are placed in six consecutive issues an advertorial of the same size may be placed free of charge.

DIGITAL ADVERTISING MATERIAL FORMATS

INSERTS & ADVERTORIALS

PROMOTIONAL POLICY


January/February 09/01 16/01

March/April 06/03 13/03

May/June 08/05 15/05

Die Moerhandelaars-

forum is gestig om

ordelike bemarking

van moere te

verseker.

Lede voldoen aan ‘n

gedragskode en bied

‘n bemarkingskanaal

wat ‘n professionele

bemarkingsdiens aan

die moerbedryf en

kommersiële

aartappelprodusent

lewer.

LEDE VAN DIE MOERHANDELAARSFORUM

Aartappelnetwerk Suid-Afrika BK

Ceres Aartappels

FPD Seed and Development

GWK Beperk

Kaap Agri Beperk

Maluti Mini Tubers

McCain Foods SA

Potato Seed Production (Pty) Ltd

TuberTek

Wes-Vrystaat Landboudienste

Vir meer inligting oor die Moerhandelaarsforum se

doelwitte, gedragskode, ens. kontak

dr. Fienie Niederwieser by tel (012) 349 1906

Moerhandelaarsforum

Editor: Gawie Geyer • Advertising: Gawie Geyer

Contact Details:Mobile: 082 388 0524, E-fax: 086 218 3462, E-mail: [email protected]

CHIPS RATES 2015

Rates exclude VAT and advertising agency commission and are subject to changeannually with effect from 1 January

Full page R10 550.00

Half page (Landscape / Portrait) R5 620.00

Third page (Landscape) R3 700.00

Quarter page (Portrait) R3 040.00

Back cover R13 220.00

Inside front cover R12 470.00

Inserts & promotional articles As for advertisements

Full page210 mm x 297 mmBleed: 4 mmType area: 20 mmFormat: High Res (PDF) 300 dpi (CMYK)

Half page (Portrait)90 mm (w) x 267 mm (h)Bleed: noType area: noFormat: High Res (PDF) 300 dpi (CMYK)

Half page (Landscape)190 mm (w) x 130 mm (h)Bleed: noType area: noFormat: High Res (PDF) 300 dpi (CMYK)

Quarter page (Portrait)90 mm (w) x 128.5 mm (h)Bleed: noType area: noFormat: High Res (PDF) 300 dpi (CMYK)

Third page (Landscape)190 mm (w) x 92 mm (h)Bleed: noType area: noFormat: High Res (PDF) 300 dpi (CMYK)

ADVERTISING SPECIFICATIONS

ADVERTISE IN CHIPS TO REACH THE POTATO FARMER


July/August 10/07 17/07

September/October 11/09 18/09

November/December 06/11 13/11

The following are formats by which the magazine can accept digital advertisements:• Document to be set up to advertising specifications

(i.e. Ad specs)• E-mailed advertising material should not be bigger than

5MB (PDF, Jpeg or Tiff)• All advertising material to be in CMYK colour mode and

the resolution 300 dpi• If pictures are sent, save as high resolution (300DPI) • Logos must be 300 dpi with a CMYK colour breakdown• Press optimised PDF's on CD with a colour proof is also

acceptable.• PDFs supplied should include all fonts and in CMYK

mode.

The same rates as for advertisements apply to articles and inserts. These rates exclude VAT and advertising agency commission.

If six advertisements are placed in six consecutive issues an advertorial of the same size may be placed free of charge.

DIGITAL ADVERTISING MATERIAL FORMATS

INSERTS & ADVERTORIALS

PROMOTIONAL POLICY


January/February 09/01 16/01

March/April 06/03 13/03

May/June 08/05 15/05

Lanorma . . .the potato everyone is asking for

Visit www.gwk.co.za to find out why everyone is talking about the Lanorma seed potato.Exclusively available from GWK.

www.gwk.co.zainnoveer landbou

Sallie Herbst 082 805 5515

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