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Do women disclose their HIV- status more than men? Results from a communitybased research among PLHIV in Morocco MOROCCO o Low prevalence Muslim country (< 0,1%) o Concentrated epidemic among MARPS (Agadir : 5,6% of prevalence among MSM 5,1% among FSW) o HIV infecLon is a sociocultural taboo o High rates of sLgma against PLHIV > Difficulty to disclose one’s HIVstatus Disclosure: o Seems parLcularly difficult for women o No scienLfic data on this issue available to date A. Abadie 1 , M.K. Hilali 2 , M. Loukid 2 , E. Henry 3 , J. Otis 4 , M. Karkouri 5 , N. Rafif 1 ,O. Mellouk 1, H. Himmich 5 , L. Ouarsas 6 , M. Préau 7 1 Association de Lutte Contre le SIDA, Marrakech, Morocco, 2 University Cadi Ayyad, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Humaine, Marrakech, Morocco, 3 Coalition Plus SIDA, Paris, France, 4 Université de Québec à Montréal, CREcES, Montréal, Canada, 5 Association de Lutte Contre le SIDA, Casablanca, Morocco, 6 Association de Lutte Contre le SIDA, Agadir, Morocco, 7 Université de Nantes, LABECD, Nantes, France AN INTERNATIONAL STUDY 'PARTAGES’ InternaLonal research consorLum engaging academics and NGOs from Mali, DemocraLc Republic of Congo, Ecuador, Romania, Morocco, France, Canada in a communitybased research > Development of a research program to study serostatus disclosure in order to inform policies and propose suitable intervenLons A standardized quesLonnaire was developed Eligibility criteria for parLcipaLon: PLHIV aged 18 or older and knowing its for at least six months Data collecLon between May and October 2011 IN MOROCCO Mixed team: ALCS (AssociaLon de Lu^e Contre le Sida)/ Cadi Ayyad University (Human Ecology Laboratory) of Marrakesh 300 PLHIV in contact with ALCS interviewed in 5 ciLes: Agadir, Casablanca, Marrakesh, Rabat, Fes Preliminary descripLve analysis using SPSS 10 Women are less likely to disclose their HIVstatus and feel more vulnerable aber disclosure. The sociocultural and religious context may explain this situaLon. Disclosure of HIVstatus is crucial regarding prevenLon and treatment adherence and may influence PLHIV behaviors and aftudes. The results of this study need to be used to develop a comprehensive and genderoriented approach of disclosure programs. DISCLOSURE î 75,8% have disclosed their status, essenLally with their regular sexual partner îMen have disclosed with the partner sexual more than women but not significantly î Women were more likely to disclose with female family members: mother (51,2%), sister (44,6%) versus father (15,38%), brother (15,8%). ASSISTANCE TO DISCLOSURE îFew PLHIV have already asked for assistance to disclose (10,4%) îMore women have asked for assistance to disclose than men (W: 12,4%; M: 7,6%; p < 0.18) DISCLOSURE PERCEPTION AND CONCEALMENT îBoth men and women (89%) considered disclosure risky îMore women would have asked their relaLves to keep their HIVstatus secrete (W: 82,5%; M: 60,2%; p < 0.001) îMore women felt the "need to hide” it (W: 90,6%; M: 84%; p < 0.09) î46,5% of women who disclosed considered it was a mistake (M: 28% ; p < 0.004) Abstract number: WEPE427 Background Methods Results Conclusion 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Women Men Figure 1: Percentage of disclosure with regular sexual partner by gender no si 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 father mother sister brother Figure 2 : Pecentage of disclosure with family members by gender Women Men SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS î56,7% female, 39,7% male and 3,7% transgender. Transgender people are not integrated in this analysis. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 is risky ask their relaLves to keep it secrete feel the "need to hide" is a mistake* Figure 3: Disclosure percepUon by gender (in percent) women men Variables Men (%) Women (%) Marital status: Married Concubinage Divorced/ separated 45.4 3.4 8.4 32.9 7.6 30.6 Educa-on No educaLon Primary/ Secondary level Post secondary level 16.1 73.7 10.2 45.9 50.6 1.2 Main financial ressources for living Selfincome Family network 55.5 26.9 19.4 54.7

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Do women disclose their HIV-status more than men?  Results  from  a  community-­‐based  research  among  PLHIV  in  Morocco

MOROCCO  o   Low  prevalence  Muslim  country  (<  0,1%)  o   Concentrated  epidemic  among  MARPS  (Agadir  :  5,6%  of  prevalence  among  MSM  -­‐  5,1%  among  FSW)  o   HIV  infecLon  is  a  socio-­‐cultural  taboo  o   High  rates  of  sLgma  against  PLHIV  -­‐>  Difficulty  to  disclose  one’s  HIV-­‐status    Disclosure:  o   Seems  parLcularly  difficult  for  women  o   No  scienLfic  data  on  this  issue  available  to  date  

 A. Abadie1, M.K. Hilali2, M. Loukid2, E. Henry3, J. Otis4, M. Karkouri5, N. Rafif1,O. Mellouk1, H. Himmich5, L. Ouarsas6, M. Préau7  

1Association de Lutte Contre le SIDA, Marrakech, Morocco, 2University Cadi Ayyad, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Humaine, Marrakech, Morocco, 3Coalition Plus SIDA, Paris, France, 4Université de Québec à Montréal, CREcES, Montréal, Canada, 5Association de Lutte Contre le SIDA, Casablanca, Morocco, 6Association

de Lutte Contre le SIDA, Agadir, Morocco, 7Université de Nantes, LABECD, Nantes, France    

AN  INTERNATIONAL  STUDY  'PARTAGES’  

•   InternaLonal  research  consorLum  engaging  academics  and  NGOs  from  Mali,  DemocraLc  Republic  of  Congo,  Ecuador,  Romania,  Morocco,  France,  Canada  in  a  community-­‐based  research  

-­‐>  Development  of  a  research  program  to  study  serostatus  disclosure  in  order  to  inform  policies  and  propose  suitable  intervenLons  

•   A  standardized  quesLonnaire  was  developed  •   Eligibility  criteria  for  parLcipaLon:    PLHIV  aged  18  or  older  and  knowing  its  for  at  least  six  months  

•   Data  collecLon  between  May  and  October  2011  

 IN  MOROCCO  

•   Mixed  team:  ALCS  (AssociaLon  de  Lu^e  Contre  le  Sida)/  Cadi  Ayyad  University  (Human  Ecology  Laboratory)  of  Marrakesh  

•   300  PLHIV  in  contact  with  ALCS  interviewed  in  5  ciLes:  Agadir,  Casablanca,  Marrakesh,  Rabat,  Fes  

•   Preliminary  descripLve  analysis  using    SPSS  10  

q  Women  are  less  likely  to  disclose  their  HIV-­‐status  and  feel  more  vulnerable  aber  disclosure.  The  socio-­‐cultural  and  religious  context  may  explain  this  situaLon.    q   Disclosure  of  HIV-­‐status  is  crucial  regarding  prevenLon  and  treatment  adherence  and  may  influence  PLHIV  behaviors  and  aftudes.  q   The  results  of  this  study  need  to  be  used  to  develop  a  comprehensive  and  gender-­‐oriented  approach  of  disclosure  programs.    

DISCLOSURE  E   75,8%  have  disclosed  their  status,  essenLally  with  their  regular  sexual  partner  

E Men  have  disclosed  with  the  partner  sexual  more  than  women  but  not  significantly  E   Women  were  more  likely  to  disclose  with  female  family  members:  mother  (51,2%),  sister  (44,6%)  versus  father  (15,38%),  brother  (15,8%).                  ASSISTANCE  TO  DISCLOSURE  E Few  PLHIV  have  already  asked  for  assistance  to  disclose  (10,4%)  E More  women  have  asked  for  assistance  to  disclose  than  men  (W:  12,4%;  M:  7,6%;  p  <  0.18)    DISCLOSURE  PERCEPTION  AND  CONCEALMENT  E Both  men  and  women  (89%)  considered  disclosure  risky  E More  women  would  have  asked  their  relaLves  to  keep  their  HIV-­‐status  secrete  (W:  82,5%;  M:  60,2%;  p  <  0.001)    E More  women  felt  the  "need  to  hide”  it  (W:  90,6%;  M:  84%;  p  <  0.09)  E 46,5%  of  women  who  disclosed  considered  it  was  a  mistake  (M:  28%  ;  p  <  0.004)  

       

*  among  those  who  disclosed  their  status  

       

Abstract  number:  WEPE427  

Background    

Methods    

Results  

Conclusion    

0  

10  

20  

30  

40  

50  

60  

70  

80  

90  

100  

Women   Men  

Figure  1:  Percentage  of  disclosure  with  regular  sexual  partner  by  gender  

no   si  

0  

10  

20  

30  

40  

50  

60  

father   mother   sister   brother  

Figure  2  :  Pecentage  of  disclosure  with  family  members    by  gender  

Women  

Men  

SOCIO-­‐DEMOGRAPHIC  CHARACTERISTICS    E 56,7%  female,  39,7%  male  and  3,7%  transgender.  Transgender  people  are  not  integrated  in  this  analysis.              

0  

10  

20  

30  

40  

50  

60  

70  

80  

90  

100  

is  risky   ask  their  relaLves  to  keep  it  secrete  

feel  the  "need  to  hide"   is  a  mistake*  

Figure  3:  Disclosure  percepUon  by  gender  (in  percent)  

women  

men  

Variables   Men  (%)   Women  (%)  Marital  status:  Ø Married  Ø Concubinage  Ø Divorced/  separated  

 45.4  3.4  8.4  

 32.9  7.6  30.6  

Educa-on  Ø No  educaLon  Ø Primary/  Secondary  level  Ø Post  secondary  level  

 16.1  73.7  10.2  

 45.9  50.6  1.2  

Main  financial  ressources  for  living  Ø Self-­‐income  Ø Family  network  

 55.5  26.9  

 19.4  54.7