Post Reading Discussion: Sustaining Aquatic Biodiversity
Chapter 11 (Miller and Spoolman, 2009)
Slide 2
2a. Describe three general patterns of marine biodiversity. (p.
250)
Slide 3
2b. Why is biodiversity higher (a) near coasts than in the open
sea and (b) on the oceans bottoms than at its surface? (p.
250)
Slide 4
3c. Describe the effects of trawler fishing, purse seine
fishing, longlining, and driftnet fishing. (p. 256) Fig. 11-7, p.
256
Slide 5
8b. What are three major ecological services provided by
wetlands? (pp. 265-66)
Slide 6
4b. Describe international efforts to protect whales from
overfishing and premature extinction. (p. 258) Fig. 11-9, p. 259
Fig. 11-8, p. 258
Slide 7
9a. Describe the major threats to the worlds rivers and other
freshwater systems. (pp. 269 and 270) Fig. 11-15, p. 269
Slide 8
9b. What major ecological services do rivers provide? (p. 270)
Fig. 11-16, p. 270
Slide 9
6a. Describe and discuss the limitations of three ways to
estimate the sizes of fish populations. (p. 263)
Slide 10
6d. How can government subsidies encourage overfishing? (p.
264)
Slide 11
8a. What percent of the U.S. coastal and inland wetlands has
been destroyed since 1900? 8c. How does the U.S. attempt to reduce
wetland losses? (pp. 265-66) Fig. 11-13, p. 267
Slide 12
4c. Describe the threats to sea turtles and efforts to protect
them. (pp. 259-60) Fig. 11-10, p. 260
Slide 13
5a. Describe the use of marine protected areas and marine
reserves to help sustain aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem
services. (pp. 260-61)
Slide 14
5c. Describe the roles of fishing communities and individual
consumers in regulating fishing and coastal development. (p.
262)
Slide 15
3a. What is fishprint? (p. 254) How has the modern fish
industry affected large predatory fish? (p. 255)
Slide 16
7. Describe how consumers can help to sustain fisheries,
aquatic biodiversity, and economic systems by making careful
choices in purchasing seafood? (p. 265)
Slide 17
5d. What is integrated coastal management? (pp. 262-63)
Slide 18
10a. What are six priorities for protecting terrestrial and
aquatic biodiversity? (pp. 272-73)
Slide 19
2f. How does climate change threaten aquatic biodiversity? (p.
254)
Slide 20
1b. Describe how human activities have upset ecological
processes in East Africas Lake Victoria? (pp. 249 and 253)
Slide 21
Interpret this photograph. Fig. 11-A, p. 253
Slide 22
Interpret this photograph.
Slide 23
Interpret the photographs. Fig. 11-3, p. 251
Slide 24
Figure 11.6 Natural capital degradation: this graph illustrates
the collapse of the cod fishery in the northwest Atlantic off the
Canadian coast. Beginning in the late 1950s, fishers used bottom
trawlers to capture more of the stock, reflected in the sharp rise
in this graph. This resulted in extreme overexploitation of the
fishery, which began a steady fall throughout the 1970s, followed
by a slight recovery in the 1980s and total collapse by 1992 when
the site was closed to fishing. Canadian attempts to regulate
fishing through a quota system had failed to stop the sharp
decline. The fishery was reopened on a limited basis in 1998 but
then closed indefinitely in 2003. (Data from Millennium Ecosystem
Assessment)
Slide 25
What are some ways to manage fisheries more sustainably and
protect marine biodiversity and ecosystem services? Which four of
these solutions do you think are the most important? Why? Fig.
11-12, p. 265