Course Name : CIS 141 (Lecture 7.1)Topic Name : - Ports And Protocals Teaching Assistant :- Sartaj Ahmad

Last Lecture

•TCP/IP Basics–Host, Media , Switches ,Routers ,DNS, DHCP,NAT ,OSI Modal , TCP/IP

•IP Addressing

–Ip address , Classes ,Subnetting , Binary Conversion, Private & Public Address.

•Client IP configuration

–Demo about static ip addressing

–Demo about network commands such ipconfig, tracert,ping,nslookup

3-2

Time :03 Hrs

Today’s Agenda

3-3

Time :03 Hrs

1. TCP/IP Protocols

2. Logical Ports

3. Demo session Networking Tools

1. TCP/IP View

2. Wire Shark

3. Cisco Packet Tracer

TCP/IP Protocals

3-4

Time :03 Hrs

• TCP/IP is a Software Stack used for communication.

• On each layer there are set of Protocals that help in making communication complete .

• To be able to send information between two devices, both must speak the same language.

This language is called the protocol.

• Application Layer Protocals :- FTP or file transfer protocol is used for the transmission of files

between two devices. It uses TCP• to create a virtual connection for the control of information, then

creates another connection.• to be used for the delivery of data.

3-5

Time : Protocals

3-6

Time : Protocals Application Layer Protocals

• HTTP or hypertext transfer protocol is used to translate information into web pages. This information is distributed in a manner similar to that used for electronic mail. The most commonly used port is 80.

• SMTP or simple mail transfer protocol is a mail service that is based on the FTP model. It transfers electronic mail between two systems and provides notifications of incoming mail. The most commonly used port is 25.

• DNS or domain name service provides a means to associate a domain name with an ip address. The most commonly used port is 53.

• TFTP or trivial file transfer protocol has the same functions as FTP but uses UDP instead of TCP.This gives it more speed, but less security and trustworthiness. The most commonly used port is 69.

3-7

Time : Protocals Transport Layer Protocals

• TCP or transmission control protocol establishes a logical connection between the final points of the network.

• It regulates the traffic with what is known as the "Three Way Handshake“

• UDP or user datagram protocol is a transport protocol which is not based on a connection .The originating device sends packets without warning the recipient device. It is then up to the recipient device to determine whether or not those packets will be accepted.

• Internet Layer Protocol :-IP or internet protocol serves as a universal protocol to allow any two computers to communicate through any network at any time

3-8

Time : Protocals Network Access Layer

• The Network Access Layer is the lowest layer of the TCP/IP protocol hierarchy.

• Ethernet Protocal :-Ethernet is a protocol used for local network of computers , workstations and other devices.

• 802.11 IEEE :- It’s a protocol used to wireless communication. The Protocal is maintained by the Institute of Electrical and

Electronics Engineers.

3-9

Time : Encapsulation /De Capsulation

PORTS

Hardware Ports :- Hardware ports allow computers to access external resources

Logical Ports :- Logical ports /Network ports are locations where information is send and received.

-Each Protocal in TCP/IP uses a specific port number for communication.

Example |:- Port 80 is used by HTTP Protocal for client/ server communication .

Ports And Protocals

Some More Ports

Demonstration Of Networking Tools

TCP /IP View

Wire Shark

Packet Tracer

Summary

– TCP/IP Protocals

– Ports

– Networking Tools

3-15

Time :