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Popular Support and EU Climate Policy
Mats Braun – Metropolitan University Prague, [email protected]
Share of respondents stating climate change as their main environmental worry (Eurobarometer)
2003: 39 percent
2007: 57 percent
2011: 34 percent
The single most serious problem facing the world:
2011: 20 percent
2013: 16 percent
The Climate and Energy Package 2008/09
Internal climate change policies for period after 2012
Targets: 20/20 by 2020- Revision of the Emission Trading Directive- Effort sharing decision, national targets for
non ETS sectors- Binding national targets for renewable energy
sources- Directive on carbon capture
Why the Climate and Energy Package in 2008?
The role of the European Commission- Increased concern in the Commission
about its popular support – end of the permissive consensus
- The failure of the Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe (2005)
- United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
Was the role of supranational institutions strengthened?
- In the ETS – an EU wide emission cap (21%) replaced National Allocation Plans, enhancing the role of the EC
- Preferences with the commission for market based solutions, i.e. the ETS
- Renewable energy – turn form non-binding to binding national targets
Possible outcomes of Europeanization according to Claudio Radaelli (2003)Inertia
Absorption
Transformation
Retrenchment
How come agreement possible in 2008?
Rhetorical Entrapment
Unwillingness to go against the interests of France and Germany
Several Compromises made - Binding commitments on renewable challenged and watered down
The Central and East European member states at the time still ‘new’
2030 EU Climate and Energy Policy Framework (October 2014)40% emission reduction target by 2030
ETS 43% reduction and non-ETS sectors 30% by 2030, relative to 2005
Renewable energy target, at least 27%, but binding only on EU level
Non binding energy efficiency target of 27%
15% electricity interconnections target
Differentiated integration and its limitations
- Renewable energy targets – ‘New Governance System’
- State aid guidelines of the EC- The role of the European Council,
reinstalling the veto right?
