Towards Multi-Perspective Modeling with BPMN · Towards Multi-Perspective Modeling with BPMN Richard Braun, Werner Esswein EEWC 2015, Prague . WISE ... Medicine «Extension Concept

WISE

Faculty of Business and Economics, Chair of Wirtschaftsinformatik, esp. System Development

Towards Multi-Perspective Modeling with BPMN

Richard Braun, Werner Esswein EEWC 2015, Prague

WISE Agenda

1.   Motivation and Fundamentals

2.   Extension of the BPMN Meta Model

3.   Methodical Support

4.   Demonstration

5.   Further Research

Page 2 2016-06-16 Multi-Perspective Modeling in BPMN

WISE

MOTIVATION AND FUNDAMENTALS


WISE BPMN – State of the Art


•  BPMN Pros: –  OMG / ISO standard –  De facto standard –  Widely used in academia

and industry –  Range of modeling tools –  Workflow derivation –  Detail process modeling –  Extension interface

•  BPMN Cons: –  Over engineering (zur

Mühlen & Recker 2008, Recker 2010) + extensions (Braun & Esswein 2014)

–  No user-specific subsets or perspectives

–  Meta model solely focuses abstract syntax (concepts!), barely integrated with concrete syntax

–  Extension mechanisms partly imprecise (Braun 2015)

WISE

Role and Importance of Perspectives in Enterprise Modeling

•  Perspective: –  “represents a specific professional background that

corresponds to cognitive dispositions, technical languages, specific goals and capabilities of prospective users” (Frank 2013)

–  “should (...) correspond with the abstractions, concepts and (visual) representations known and meaningful to the targeted (group of) stakeholders” (Strecker et al. 2011)

•  Stakeholder-specific selection and representation of contextual parts of an EM


WISE Representation of Perspectives


Context

Perspective

Presentation

WISE Research Context

•  Research problem: –  BPMN is an isolated Purpose-Specific Modeling Language

without an explicit integration into EAFs / EMFs –  No explicit consideration and specification of perspectives

(abstract), diagrams and notational elements (concrete) •  à MOF-inherent issue!

•  Research Objective: –  Enable the explicit definition of perspectives and

diagrams in BPMN –  Constraints:

•  Minimal invasive meta model changes •  Apply standards if appropriate (OMG)


Meta Model Revision

Diagram Definition (DD)

WISE

EXTENSION OF THE BPMN META MODEL


WISE

Excursus: Integrated Meta Modeling Language E3


Model Level

Object Level

Property Level

Type Level

Instance Level

Contraint Langauge (ECMA)

Context Level

View Level

Presentation Level

Model Type (MT)

View Type (VT)

Presen-tation

Type (PT)

Object Type (OT)

Presen-tation Object

Type (POT)

Property Type (PrT)

Presen-tation

Property Type (PPT)

Perspectives Diagrams

Graphics

WISE

«abstract»BPMN Perspectives

PerspectiveperspectiveName: String


Diagram Node Adapter

DiagramDiagram Definition::DI

CanvasDiagram Definition::DG

«abstract»BPMN DG

BPMN GraphicalElement

concreteSyntaxElement1..1

representedDiagram0..*

canBeRepresented: Booleanid: String

Base ElementFoundation


DiagramdiagramName: String


0..*representedExtensionElement

nodeReferences0..*

diagram1..*

represents1..1

interchangedBy0..*

representedIn*

originalElements{canBeRepresented = true}1..*

instance of

BPMN DGBPMN Group

instance of

instance of


0..*representedExtensionElement

perspective1..1

diagramaticrepresentation1..*

name: StringcanBeRepresented: Boolean

Extension DefinitionFoundation

Conversation NodeConversation

BPMN DiagramBPMN DI

nodeReferences0..*

perspective1..*

instance of

Graphical ElementDiagram Definition::DG

«abstract»

BPMN DGBPMN Canvas

GroupDiagram Definition::DG

superperspective

0..1

sub perspectives0..*

ChoreographyChoreography

0..*

extensionDefinitions0..*

representedIn*

addedElements{canBeRepresented = true}0..*

CollaborationCollaboration

Extension of the BPMN 2.0 Meta Model for Perspectives and Diagrams


DI and DG

DI and DG

WISE

METHODICAL SUPPORT


WISE Integrated BPMN Extension Method


Extension Domain Model

Abstract Syntax

Concrete Syntax

Interchange Spec

Tran

sfor

mat

ion

Rul

es

CDME (Extended)

BPMN+X BPMN+X CS

BPMN DG XML / XMI BPMN DI

Phases 1 and 2 from Stroppi et al. (2011)!

Preparation Extension Meta Model

Focus on Perspectives and Diagrams

WISE

Extending Stroppi et al. (2011): Added Stereotypes

•  Assign concepts to diagrams and perspectives! •  Concept must not necessarily represented in diagram

•  Additional CDME stereotypes: –  BPMN Diagram –  Extension Diagram –  BPMN Perspective –  Extension Perspective


WISE

Extending CMDE BPMN+X Transformation (Stroppi et al. 2011)

CDME Stereotype BPMN+X Stereotype Additional BPMN+X Stereotype

BPMN Perspective BPMN Element Not permitted!

BPMN Perspective Extension Elem. / Def. -

Extension Perspective BPMN Element -

Extension Perspective Extension Elem. / Def. -

BPMN Diagram BPMN Element Not permitted!

BPMN Diagram Extension Elem. / Def. BPMN Graphical Elem.

Extension Diagram BPMN Element BPMN Graphical Elem.

Extension Diagram Extension Elem. / Def. BPMN Graphical Elem.


WISE

DEMONSTRATION


WISE

Extending BPMN for Medical Resources (CDME, Abstract Syntax)


«Extension Concept»

Auxiliaries

diagram1..*

perspective1..1

resourceBundle0..*usingActivity

0..*

«Extension Perspective»

ResourcePerspective


Resource BundleParticipant

«BPMN Concept»


Equipment

«BPMN Diagram»

Collaboration Diagram


Resource RelationresourceRelationType:Enumeration

Resource

«BPMN Concept»

humanResource0..*

referredParticipant0..1

0..*

1..*containedResource


ConsumptionResource«Extension

Concept»

ResourceBundle


Room

«Invariant»{XOR}«Extension Concept»

Human Resource

resource0..*

usingActivity0..*

«Extension Diagram»

Resource Diagram

relatedBundles2..2

relation0..*

relatedResource2..2

relation0..*

Activity

«BPMN Concept»

«ExtensionConcept»

Auxiliaries


Medicine


TransportationEquipment

Resource

«BPMN Concept»


ResourceRelation


Medicine


ConsumptionResource

WISE

Prototypical Implementation: Resource Diagram


Electroen-cephalogram(EEG) Graph

Stroke Case Chart

Cerebral MagneticResonance

Imaging (MRT)

ADSR Sheet

VideoDocumentat ionKognit ion Test

TPatient

Informat ion(Scan)

Physician'sLetter

Probational Materialunspecified

CareDiagnosis

unspecified

Action

Assessment/56850-1

Laboratory Result/11502-2

Results/30954-2

Limit Exceedanceunspecified

ObservationLaboratory Values

unspecified

Observation

Laboratory Results

Clinical Statements/55752-0

controls

Contrast Material Injector

Patient CouchMedical Technical Assistant(MTA)

connceted with

Computer Tomography (CT)

CT Controller Unit

CT Roomlocated in

conncetedwith

CT Control RoomMedical Physicist

used in

sits in

Contrast Material

controls

sits in

Spiral ComputerTomograph

WISE

Prototypical Implementation: Collaboration Diagram Extension


WISE

FURTHER RESEARCH


WISE Implications and Further Research

•  General issue: MOF for EM –  Explicit diagrams, perspectives, (views) –  Integrating abstract and concrete syntax

•  “Fixing BPMN” by wrapping particular EM concepts (specific kind of profiling)

•  Dialect definitions in BPMN

•  BPMN’s integration in EM frameworks –  “External Relationship” construct is under-specified –  Meta model composition? –  Meta model weaving?


in research

in research

WISE

CONTACT INFORMATION


WISE Corresponding Author: Richard Braun

•  Contact Data: –  Technische Universität Dresden, Germany

Chair of Wirtschaftsinformatik esp. System Development

–  Email: [email protected] –  https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Richard_Braun

•  Fields of Research: –  Extending enterprise modeling languages –  (Meta) meta modeling –  Domain-specific modeling languages –  Procedural transparency in Design Science Research


WISE

BACKUP


WISE Additional References

•  Zur Muehlen, M., & Recker, J. (2008, January). How much language is enough? Theoretical and practical use of the business process modeling notation. In Advanced information systems engineering (pp. 465-479). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

•  Recker, J. (2010). Opportunities and constraints: the current struggle with BPMN. Business Process Management Journal, 16(1), 181-201.

•  Strecker, S., Heise, D., & Frank, U. (2011). RiskM: A multi-perspective modeling method for IT risk assessment. Information Systems Frontiers, 13(4), 595-611.

•  Braun, R. (2015): Behind the Scenes of the BPMN Extension Mechanism - Principles, Problems and Options for Improvement. International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development.

•  Braun, R. (2015): Meta Model Extensibility of BPMN - Current Limitations and Proposed Improvements. Communications in Computer and Information Science, Springer (in press)


WISE

Need for Language Extensions (cf. Braun & Esswein 2014)


J, 23,3%

P, 60,0%

O, 16,7%

D, 56,7%

A, 30,0%

E, 13,3%

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Medium Purpose Domain

WISE

OMG’s Diagram Definition Architecture


Generic Mapper?

WISE

Transformation-based Extension Method of Stroppi et al. (2011)


Documents

Towards Multi-Perspective Modeling with BPMN · Towards Multi-Perspective Modeling with BPMN Richard Braun, Werner Esswein EEWC 2015, Prague . WISE ... Medicine «Extension Concept