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Political Party Defined
Group of People
General Agreement on Issues
Main Goal is Electing Officials
http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=7552575396526381856&q=political+parties+animation&total=59&start=10&num=10&so=0&type=search&plindex=5
3 General Roles of Parties
• Party in the Electorate
• Party as an Organization
• Party in the Government
Big Picture Reminder• Formal Institutions
– Executive Branch– Legislative Branch– Judicial Branch
• Linkage Institutions– Media– Political Parties– Elections– Interest Groups
Party ChecklistRecruit Candidates
– Impact of PrimariesRun Campaigns
– Impact of TelevisionCue Voters
– Still #1 identifier in voting
Articulate Policy– Platforms
Coordinate Policy-Making– Partisan support
Party in the Electorate• Label
– 35%, 40%, 25%
• Rise of Independents
• Ticket Splitting
– On the rise
• Divided Government
– More often than not
– Impact
Party OrganizationFragmented and Decentralized
• National Committee
–National Convention and Platform
–National Committee and National Chairperson
RUN
Party OrganizationFragmented and Decentralized
• State Organization
–Some states strong, some weak
–Power in running elections
• Closed Primary
• Open Primary
• Blanket Primary
–Types of Ballots
Party OrganizationFragmented and Decentralized
• Local Organization–Party Machines
• Tweed• Daley
No longer powerful
Party in the Government• Nominate Candidates…Or Do They?
• Therefore- less dedication to the Party once elected
• Parties are still judged by performance
Do Promises and Platforms Become Policy?
Who Said This?• “I will not send American boys
to do an Asian boy’s job”• Promise to Balance the Budget
by 1984• “Read my lips—no new taxes.”
• 1796-1824• Federalists
– New England Merchants– Advocates of a Strong Central Government– Loose Constructionists
• Jeffersonian Republicans– Farmers– States’ Rights– Strict Constructionists
Political Notables, Congressional Caucus.
First Party System
Second Party System• 1828-1846• Critical Election 1828• Democrats
– Common Man– Laissez Faire
• Whigs– Anti-Jackson– Government support for Commerce
Van Buren View of Parties
Third Party System• 1860-1928• Critical Election 1860• Democrats
– The South• Republicans
– The North
Election of 1896- New CoalitionsRepublicans- Business interest and NorthEastDemocrats- Farming Interest West and South
Fourth Party System• 1932-1964• Critical Election 1932• Democrats (New Deal
Coalition)– Urbanites, Labor Unions,
Catholics, Jews, poor, Southerners, African Americans, Intellectuals
• Republicans– Business Interests, Upper
Class
Current Party System• 1968-Present• McGovern-Frasier Commission• Divided vs. Unified Government• Party Dealignment, Party Neutrality• Floating Voters• Reagan Democrats• Current Republicans, More
Winner-Take-All vs. Proportional Systems
The state of Cougarville has 10 seats in the country’s national legislature. It also has 10 voting districts. There are five political parties vying to fill the 10seats. The following table represents how voters in each district voted for the candidates of each party. Who will actually get to represent the state?
District 1 District 2 District 3 District 4 District 5 District 6 District 7 District 8 District 9District
10Total forthe State
Conservatives 35% 40% 35% 55% 50% 30% 55% 30% 25% 45% 40%
Liberals 40% 35% 20% 25% 30% 40% 20% 35% 35% 30% 31%
Reformers 20% 15% 25% 15% 10% 25% 15% 15% 20% 20% 18%
Socialists 5% 10% 15% 5% 5% 5% 10% 20% 15% 5% 9.5%
Nuts 0% 0% 5% 0% 5% 0% 0% 0% 5% 0% 1.5%
If the state uses winner-take-all system in each district to decide who will represent that district, how many representatives from each party will therebe? Fill in the pie-chart in the space to the right to reflect the percentage of the Cougarville delegates from each party.
Conservatives:Liberals:Reformers:Socialists:Nuts:
If the state uses the total state votes to allocate the 10 seats proportionally, how many representatives from each party will there be? Fill in the pie-chartin the space to the right to reflect the percentage of the Cougarville delegates from each party.
Conservatives:Liberals:Reformers:Socialists:Nuts:
3) Laws Preventing Third Party SuccessUnder Montana law, independent and minor-party candidates can appear on the general election ballot only if they submit the signatures of 5% of the total votes cast for the successful candidate for the same office in the last general election. A 2007 state law also added a filing fee and moved the petition deadline from June to March - more than 200 days before the election. Major-party candidates, by contrast, do not have to submit any signatures in order to appear on the primary ballot, and they appear on the general election ballot automatically when they win a primary election.
Minor Parties-Types
• Single Issue– Prohibition
• Ideological– Libertarian
• Splinter– Bull Moose, States’ Righters, American
Independents, – Anderson, Perot, Nader
Minor Parties-Role• Bring New Groups into the Electorate
• Serve as a Safety Valve
• Create New Ideas that are adopted by other one of the Big Two parties
Responsible Party Model?1. Parties Must be Distinguishable
• Are they?
2. Party Candidates must be Committed to the Program
• Incentive to be committed?
3. Majority Party Implements, Minority Party Critiques and Offers Alternatives
• Okay
4. Majority Party Accepts Accountability• Hmmm…
Don’t Dis the Parties
• Parties still active in the elections.• Still play an important role in organization—
especially of Congress.
Are Weakened, But Will Not Go AwayThe Party Is Not Over
Political Parties will Survive