PLM intro - By me

8/12/2019 PLM intro - By me

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Introduction to PDM and PLM

PLMis the activity of managing a companys products all the way across their

lifecycles in the most effective way. [Stark]

PLM systemis [an information system] that facilitates all or some subset of

PLM activities. [Stark]

PDMis the management and classification of design data and specifications

for an engineered product and the management of change to this information.


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Background: what are lifecycle activities?

! Product "eali#ation$ from concept to production

! Production$ supply chain coordination

! %fter!sales$ service maintenance product updates obsolescence management&


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Background: Product Realization Process

'arlier we saw a P"P flowchart

Some crucial elements of P"P$

! many decisions are made whose rationale must be remembered

! large amount of data is generated most is persistent

Some (uestions$

! how can we reduce the effort)time of data creation

! how do we manage the pro*ect schedule

! what is a good way to store the +knowledge learnt,

-.Specs

Pinassignment

Software 'lectronics

testingSpecs

-.

Specs

Pinassignment

Software 'lectronics

testingSpecs

Product

Planning

Schedule

/oolingdrawings 0plasticmetal1$.%2

3ardware-nterfaces

2evicedrivers

.ircuit!boarddesign

'lectronics circuits

P.4layoutdesign$.%2

Software

Schedule

Software developmentplan

/ooling(uotes

Schedule

Selectionof toolingvendor

SoftwaredevelopmentonP.

Simulation

-. design

SampleP.45ne!timeP"5M

SampleParts

'ngineeringprototype

Software testing

protocols

6unctional testing

protocols

Manufacturability

Protocols

2esignimprovements

'ngineering Samples

2esign

%pproved

Pilot "un

45M

PreparePilot"un45M

S5P

PrepareStandard5peration

Proceduresfor7orkers

%ssemblySe(uence

%ssemblyline design

%ssemblyPlanning

0Mechanical P.41

'lectronics

testingS5P

P.4testing*igs design

5rders

Pilot "unProcurement

6actory7orkstationPreparations /ooling-. orders

Softwareto-. fab

7ork

-nstructions

M68prepare9.procedures

Pilot "un

6actory9.

PilotSample /esting

ProductionPlanning

% %% %

':ploded view

%ssemblyviews

;ser manuals

Servicemanuals

Packagingdesign

PackagingManuals

Production

Specsfornew

'lectronics Parts

-22 Specs$


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Background: u!!ly "hain "oordination

% fundamental data!set created during the P"P is the 4ill of materials 045M1

! 7hat is the relationship of 45M with MPS ?

P"P involves sourcing)procurementvendor management.

! 7hat are the potential effects of vendor mis!management on the company?

!! different (uality specs from different sources

!! different prices lead times &


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Background: #fter$sales

Service

!! Service manuals are usually created at the end of P"P 0often poorly@1

Maintenance product updates

!! 3ow many 7indowsA updates have you received this month ?

5bsolescence management

!! ;ntil what year must a company provide spare parts for a product?

== 7ill Ma#da provide a spare side!mirror for the BCDE "F!E?

== 7ill a anon '6!S lens work with the ne:t 2igital SL"?


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Im!lications of these issues

0B1 Large amount of information to manage

% systematic methodfor information management

% method)strategy that reduces data is better=

% method to reduce effort in information management

-ntegration of data management

0G1 /here are a lot of activities many are concurrent

Mechanism to manage and optimi#e activities

[pro*ect management scheduling for optimal makespan]


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%istorical view of Product Lifecycle Management

HBIJ years ago$

2esigner managed product data 0drawings etc.1 5nly the designer could understand this data&

Leonardo 2a Kincis 5rnithaptor 0flying machine1


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%istorical view of PLM&&

BJJ years ago

/he 2rawing 4oard $ 'ngineers could communicate using a commonlanguageEngineering Drawings


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%istorical view of PLM&&&

J years ago

'he com!uter$ G2 becomes precise and modifications are easy& (D "#D


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%istorical view of PLM)&

!! G2 does not represent the reality!! G2 cannot model surfaces > solids

!! G2 is sub*ect to misinterpretation

4ut& Problems with G2 %2


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%istorical view of PLM)&&

BCDI*D "#D$ allows defining comple: parts and assemblies


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%istorical view of PLM)&&&

BCCJ$

*D "#Dallows automatic generation of


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%istorical view of PLM))&

BCCI

*D "#D$ allows analysis


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%istorical view of PLM))&&

0B1 Products are assemblies of many parts..

%utomobiles$ H BJ JJJ parts

Ships$ H B JJJ JJJ parts

But here is the difficulty

0G1 %ssemblies are created by many concurrent designers and enterprises

+eed for colla,oration- concurrent design in se!arate locations


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%istorical view of PLM)))

BCCI

DigitalMocku! .DM/0 replaces physical prototypes

Boeing 777$N6irst *etliner to be BJJ percent digitally designed using 2 %2NH million parts H CJJ suppliers from BE countriesNMa: alignment error on the first EEE was J.JG, 0other planes$ J.I,1


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2igital mock!upis an alternative to constructing physical prototypes

6unctions of 2M;$

B. omplete 2 visuali#ation of a product

G. ollaboration tool O since all engineers can see 0partial1 assemblies as the

components are designed by different members of the team

. %ssembly analysis

! tests if some components are intersecting 0design error1 on assembly

! allows simulation of the functioning of the product 0kinematic1

! allows testing of dynamic stresses 0including 6inite 'lement %nalysis1

%istorical view of PLM)))&


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%istorical view of PLM))))

;pstream

! 2esign %dherence to "e(uirements > "egulations! Kalidation and ertification Process

! 5ptimal "e!;se of orporate %ssets

! -mpact of "e(uirements hanges on Pro*ect Schedule

GJJJProduct Lifecycle Management 0PLM1 e:tends the scope of2M;

2ownstream

! Manufacturing

! Plant design > simulation


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%istorical view of PLM ))))&

GJJJ$ nowledge!4ased %2to support collaboration$

Store the know-how

share design rules


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1nowledge$Based "#D

-n the beginning$ there were G2 blueprints physical prototypes

nowledgeminds of the engineers)managers)technicians

Levels of 4'$

parametric design

variational design

catalog!based design

rules!governed design


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Parametric designs

/raditional design$ geometry is dimensioned with constants0e.g. length1

Parametric design$ dimensions are in form of variable = expressions

e:pression$ constant or an algebraic formula

L

X = max(5, 0!L"# $= #% = X

&' = 05&

7hat are the independent variables and the dependent variables?


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Parametric designs: an e2am!le

sun is bigger


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Parametric design e2am!les

2efinition of a nut

Length of threads

Length of smooth part

total length O threaded length


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Parametric design e2am!les

omponents that mate with each other0mostproducts are assemblies1

! 2imensions on mating parts are parametrically related.

%dvantage$

2esign modifications in one part will automatically propagate the

changein all related parts.


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Parametric design e2am!les&&

':ploded view$

Tamaha T6MGJJ Motorcycle

%utomatic lutch


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"atalog$,ased Designs

%n e:tended of parametric design$

4ase model specifies topology and relations between geometry

/he design details are all e:pressed as parameters

Part design is created by providing a table with parameter values

%l e:trusions

Standard sections

&


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"atalog$,ased Designs: an e2am!le

atalog of fasteners 0screws nuts &1


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"atalog design)

R. -dentify the independent variables with names matching attribute names

I. reate a table 0e.g. a MS ':cel table1 with attributes and values

U. ;se the 8;- of the %2 system to link the table design family description


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"atalog$,ased Designs

;sing catalogs$

atalogs V aDatabasetable

search for a catalog component using a (uery on its design parameter0s1

':ample

6ilter$ 0lWlength H BJ1 and 0lWlength X BI1

%lternate method$

Most %2 systems will allow a

thumbnail preview and select


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Rules$governed design

"ules are a mechanism to add design knowledge

':amples of design knowledge$

B. Standard design knowledge

G. Manufacturability knowledge 0specific to a company1

. 2esign guidelines 0specific to a company1

R. ompliance rules

&


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Rules$governed design Standard design knowledge

':ample$ design of a latch in a plastic component

6rom theoretical

solid mechanics

Stress ' [' is Toungs modulus of the material]

7e must ensure that stress ' ThJ)GLG X fracture stress ma:

2'S-8< ";L'$ 'ThJ)GLG X ma:


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Rules$governed design Manufacturability knowledge

4ackground for this e:ample$ommon features in plastics components

/hese features are constructed using standard operations in %2 systems"ib operator in %/-%

"ib operator in Solid7orks


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Rules$governed design Manufacturability knowledge

':perience from in*ection molding$

t

rib thickness H J.It

-nferred design guidelines$

%/-5


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Product instantiation

6or a well!defined product architecture the Product -nstance isgenerated by the following steps$

B. 4asic assembly model of a template product of the family is retrieved

G. %ll components that will be used are retained others are discarded

. Parameter values for each template part are set

R.


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Digital Mock$/! .DM/0

onstructing a 2M;

B. Part designs of all components are stored in a 24

G. 2efine the product structure as a 45M 045M can access the 241

. /he parts are assembled O note that this assembly definition is richer than classical assembly in %2 0it needs to store kinematics1


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DM/ 32am!les: hi!man4

Mock up of boat design to test ergonomics of spaces for humans


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DM/ 32am!les

2M; allows for accessibility testing in aircraft design 0for repair)maintenance1


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"olla,oration .through DM/0

2M; improves collaborative function because$

B. Parts that are being constructed by different designers get loaded

into the 24 and associated with the product structure.

G. 'ach part that is put into the 2M; must be +put!in!place, O namely its spatial relation with other parts already in the system must be defined.

. -t follows that the entire team can see how the product is getting

constructed in real!time.


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Definitions .re$visit0

PLMis the activity of managing a companys products all the way across their

lifecycles in the most effective way. [Stark]

PLM systemis [an information system] that facilitates all or some subset of

PLM activities. [Stark]

PDMis the management and classification of design data and specifications

for an engineered product and the management of change to this information.


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Product Lifecycle Management

centralized DB

56ile vault7

Item management

Product structure

ecurity

3ngineering "hanges

'ask management

+-tem, could be$N%2 document

N/e:t documentN2esign spreadsheetNSoftware programNProcess PlanNS5PNustomer complaintNService records

"#D

"#3

'ooling design


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centralized DB

56ile vault7

Item management

Product structure

ecurity

3ngineering "hanges

'ask management

! product architecture planning! specification 045M tree hierarchical model1

! -nstantiation 0parametric1 from templates


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centralized DB

56ile vault7

Item management

Product structure

ecurity

3ngineering "hanges

'ask management

! %uthority

! Kiews

! %ccess control 0check!in)check!out1


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centralized DB

56ile vault7

Item management

Product structure

ecurity

3ngineering "hanges

'ask management

!'"

! 2esign modifications

! onfirmation)approval cycle

! '


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centralized DB56ile vault7

Item management

Product structure

ecurity

3ngineering "hanges

'ask management

!team specification 0re(uirement based resource based1

! task assignments

! milestones setting management

! critical path

! deadline reminders notifications


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PLM functionality

PLM supports levels of collaboration


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Potential Benefits of Product Lifecycle Management

"educed /ime!to!Market

-mproved 2esign Productivity

-mproved 2esign and Manufacturing %ccuracy

2ata -ntegrity Safeguarded

4etter Pro*ect Planning

4etter Management of 'ngineering hange

-mproved oncurrent 'ngineering


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Industry ada!tations

3ewlett!Packard o. uses 7indchillA from P/$

!! achieved DJY improvement in design and process reuse.

!! /hey reduced time!to!market product cost and warranty cost.


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Pers!ectives on ada!tation of PLM


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Pers!ectives on ada!tation of PLM&&

M%"'/-


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S'"K-'! companies with long!life products that need continued repair service etc.

e.g. automobiles.

Pers!ectives on ada!tation of PLM)

B. spare parts for older models must be available

G. service manuals

. testing e(uipment e.g. testing onboard computers and microprocessors

must be maintained

R. Management of product recalls

6ord ':plorer 6irestone [GJJJ!GJJB]$ "eplaced B million tires.


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"ommercial PLM systems

Parametric /echnologies 0Pro)'ngineer1$ 7indchill

2assault!-4M 0%/-% Solidworks1$ Smar/eam

;nigraphics \ S2" 0;8 -!2'%S1$ /eamcenter\Metaphase

%utodesk$ %utodesk Kault\%utodesk productstream\&


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PLM$ -nformation systemintegrating

Product 2esign \ nowledge!based %2

ollaboration

2ocument control

7orkflow management

'ngineering change management

ummary

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PLM intro - By me