Plant Life Cycles

Meiosis Review• Cell starts diploid

– Ex: Human = 46 chromosomes

• Cell divides twice to create 4 cells

• End result: Haploid cells– Ex: Human = 23

chromosomes

• Cells created: Sperm, egg, pollen

Alternation of generations (In general)• Diploid zygote created• Diploid zygote grows

into a diploid sporophyte

• Haploid spores created by meiosis

• Haploid spores grow into haploid gametophytes– Male gametophyte

creates haploid sperm– Female gametophyte

creates haploid egg

• Sperm and egg fuse to make a diploid zygote

• Cycle restarts

Moss Life Cycle

gametophyte

1)Moss gametophytes grow near the ground (haploid stage)

2) Through water, sperm from the male gametophyte will swim to the female gametophyte to create a diploid zygote

3) Diploid sporophyte will grow from zygote

4) Sporophyte will create and release haploid spores

.....sporophyte

eggegg

egg egg

malemale male malefemalefemalefemalefemale

zygotezyg

ote

zygote

zygote

5) Haploid spores land and grow into new gametophytes

.

groundgametophyte

6) The process repeats

gametophyte

.....sporophyte

eggegg

egg egg

malemale male malefemalefemalefemalefemale

zygotezyg

ote

zygote

zygote

5) Haploid spores land and grow into new gametophytes

.

groundgametophyte

6) The process repeats

Fern Life Cycle

AdultSporophyte (diploid)

.

..

.

1) Sporophyte creates and releases haploid spores

ground

.

.

.

.

ground

2) Haploid spores land in the soil

ground

3) From the haploid spores, gametophyte grows in the soil

Let’s zoom in

4) Sperm swim through water from the male parts (antheridium) to the female parts (archegonia)Let’s zoom back out

eggegg

egg

zygote

zygote

zygote

ground

5) Diploid sporophyte grows from the zygote

sporophyte

6) Fronds uncurls into leaves.

ground

7) Cycle repeats -- Haploid spores created and released

.

.

..

AdultSporophyte (diploid)

.

..

.

1) Sporophyte creates and releases haploid spores

ground

.

.

.

.

ground

2) Haploid spores land in the soil

ground

3) From the haploid spores, gametophyte grows in the soil

Let’s zoom in

4) Sperm swim through water from the male parts (antheridium) to the female parts (archegonia)Let’s zoom back out

eggegg

egg

zygote

zygote

zygote

ground

5) Diploid sporophyte grows from the zygote

sporophyte

6) Fronds uncurls into leaves.

ground

7) Cycle repeats -- Haploid spores created and released

.

.

..

Conifer Life Cycle

1) Male and female seed cones grow in adult sporophytes

2) Pollen grains released from the male seed cones-- Pollen is the male gametophyte

eggzygote

egg egg

egg

zygote

zygote

zygote

Male cones make pollen Female cones make eggs

3) Seeds begin to harden inside the female cones

seed

seed

seed

seed

4) Seeds released

5) Seed will land

ground

6) Seedling grows into (sporophyte)…the cycle repeats

ground

1) Male and female seed cones grow in adult sporophytes

eggzygote

egg egg

egg

zygote

zygote

zygote

Male cones make pollen Female cones make eggs

3) Seeds begin to harden inside the female cones

seed

seed

seed

seed

4) Seeds released

5) Seed will land

ground

6) Seedling grows into (sporophyte)…the cycle repeats

ground

Angiosperm Life Cycle

Pollen stick to animal or released into wind

Animal finds a new flower to feed on

Pollen transferred to the stigma….seeds develop

eggzygote

Fruit ripens to help disperse seeds

zygote

Fruit falls to ground

Animals eat fruit….seeds come out the other end…cycle repeats

seed

Pollen stick to animal or released into wind

Animal finds a new flower to feed on

Pollen transferred to the stigma….seeds develop

eggzygote

Fruit ripens to help disperse seeds

zygote

Fruit falls to ground

Animals eat fruit….seeds come out the other end…cycle repeats

seed

End of the Semester!