0 1 2 3 4 The period of environmental changes induced by human exploitation of the planet defines a new geological era: the Anthropocene epoch GRAIN PRODUCTION REQUIREMENTS OCEAN ACIDIFICATION WATER USE ON OUR CURRENT TRAJECTORY WE WILL PUT EVEN MORE PRESSURE ON THE PLANET TO SAFEGUARD HUMAN HEALTH WE NEED TO MAINTAIN THE HEALTH OF THE PLANET ON WHICH WE DEPEND BUT TO ACHIEVE THIS WE’VE EXPLOITED THE PLANET AT AN UNPRECEDENTED RATE WATER DEMAND 2 2000 2050 THE HUMAN POPULATION IS HEALTHIER THAN EVER BEFORE THE HEALTH OF HUMAN CIVILISATION AND THE NATURAL SYSTEMS ON WHICH IT DEPENDS PLANETARY HEALTH Global ocean acidification (mean hydrogen ion concentration, nmol/kg) Water use (thousand km 3 ) 0 50 100 ENERGY USE FERTILISER USE 10 20 30 40 0 World primary energy use (EJ) Global tropical forest loss compared with 1700 baseline (%) POPULATION 2050 World population (billions) Total global cereal production (billions of tonnes) These environmental threats could also exacerbate each other DAMAGING THE PLANET DAMAGES HUMAN HEALTH WATER USE of the world’s population could be living in areas under severe water stress If unchecked climate change related impacts could cause an extra Overfishing together with increasing acidity and other environmental changes threaten fish supplies BIODIVERSITY LOSS Millions of people are at risk of under nutrition due to the combined effects of SOIL DEGRADATION CLIMATE CHANGE c. 4.2 bn 1 bn 1 billion 3,500 km 3 5,500 km 3 2014 1800 7 billion 9.6 billion Read the full series at http://www.thelancet.com/commissions/planetary-health 1960 2014 2050 LEARN ABOUT PLANETARY HEALTH Planetary health is the highest standard of health, wellbeing and equity worldwide. Human systems are responsible for shaping the future of human civilisation and the Earth’s natural systems 30-50% of all food produced is never consumed. Reducing food waste means less land is needed for agriculture; saving energy, water, helping to protect biodiversity and improving food security Diets low in red meat with plenty of fruit and vegetables reduce the risk of heart disease. Dietary changes could reduce greenhouse gas emissions and land use requirements by up to 50% REDUCE FOOD WASTE HEALTHY DIETS WITH A LOW ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT Coordinated global, national and local policies that reduce environmental damage and improve health need to be implemented BETTER GOVERNANCE Although drip or trickle irrigation methods are more expensive to install, they can be 33% more efficient in water use USE WATER MORE EFFICIENTLY Since 2000 we have cut down over 2.3 million km 2 of primary forest. The REDD+ mechanism aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve local livelihoods END DEFORESTATION Around 225 million women who want to avoid pregnancy are not using effective contraception. Access to family planning could cut maternal deaths by almost 30% and improve food security FAMILY PLANNING Planning healthy and sustainable cities can increase resilience to environmental change, reduce environmental impacts and improve people’s health CITY PLANNING NUTRITION UNDER climate change and other environmental changes By 2050 over 40% This leads to a loss of 1-2 million hectares of agricultural land per annum 250 300 350 400 Global fertiliser use (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium; thousand tonnes) 1. http://data.unicef.org/child-survival/under-five 2. OECD, http://www.oecd.org/env/indicators-modelling-outlooks/49844953.pdf 3. Original source reference in: Watts N, Adger WN, Agnolucci P, et al. Health and climate change: policy responses to protect public health. Lancet 2015; published online June 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60854-6 All other data is in: Whitmee S, Haines A, Beyrer C, et al. Safeguarding human health in the Anthropocene epoch: report of The Rockefeller Foundation–Lancet Commission on planetary health. Lancet 2015; published online July 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60901-1 SOURCES 0 200 400 600 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 1950 2000 1950 2000 1950 2000 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 0 100 200 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 TROPICAL FOREST LOSS CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS Atmospheric concentration of CO2 (ppm) LIFE EXPECTANCY Mean global life expectancy at birth (years) POVERTY Population of world in poverty (%) CHILD MORTALITY Recorded deaths of under-fives 1 20M 10M 0 60 80 40 6 7 8 9 250,000 deaths per year between 2030 and 2050 3
01234The period of environmental changes induced by human
exploitation of the planet defines a new geological era: the
Anthropocene epochGRAIN PRODUCTION REQUIREMENTS OCEAN
ACIDIFICATIONWATER USEON OUR CURRENT TRAJECTORY WE WILL PUT EVEN
MORE PRESSURE ON THE PLANETTO SAFEGUARD HUMAN HEALTH WE NEED TO
MAINTAIN THE HEALTH OF THE PLANET ON WHICH WE DEPENDBUT TO ACHIEVE
THIS WEVE EXPLOITED THE PLANET AT AN UNPRECEDENTED RATEWATER
DEMAND22000 2050THE HUMAN POPULATION IS HEALTHIER THAN EVER
BEFORETHE HEALTH OF HUMAN CIVILISATION AND THE NATURAL SYSTEMS ON
WHICH IT DEPENDSPLANETARY HEALTHGlobal ocean acidication
(meanhydrogen ion concentration, nmol/kg)Water use(thousand
km3)050100ENERGY USEFERTILISER USE102030400World primaryenergy use
(EJ)Global tropical forest loss comparedwith 1700 baseline
(%)POPULATION2050World population (billions) Total global cereal
production(billions of tonnes)These environmental threats could
also exacerbate each otherDAMAGING THE PLANET DAMAGES HUMAN
HEALTHWATER USEof the worlds population could be living in areas
under severe water stressIf unchecked climate change related
impacts could cause an extra Overshing together with increasing
acidity and other environmental changes threaten sh
suppliesBIODIVERSITY LOSSMillions of people are at risk of under
nutrition due to the combined efects ofSOIL DEGRADATION CLIMATE
CHANGEc. 4.2 bn1 bn1 billion3,500 km35,500 km3201418007 billion9.6
billionRead the full series at
http://www.thelancet.com/commissions/planetary-health1960 2014
2050LEARN ABOUT PLANETARY HEALTHPlanetary health is the highest
standard of health, wellbeing and equity worldwide. Human systems
are responsible for shaping the future of human civilisation and
the Earths natural systems30-50% of all food produced is never
consumed. Reducing food waste means less land is needed for
agriculture; saving energy, water, helping to protect biodiversity
and improving food securityDiets low in red meat with plenty of
fruit and vegetables reduce the risk of heart disease. Dietary
changes could reduce greenhouse gas emissions and land use
requirements by up to 50%REDUCE FOOD WASTEHEALTHY DIETS WITH A LOW
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTCoordinated global, national and local policies
that reduce environmental damage and improve health need to be
implementedBETTER GOVERNANCEAlthough drip or trickle irrigation
methods are more expensive to install, they can be 33% more efcient
in water useUSE WATER MORE EFFICIENTLYSince 2000 we have cut down
over 2.3 million km2 of primary forest. The REDD+ mechanism aims to
reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve local livelihoodsEND
DEFORESTATIONAround 225 million women who want to avoid pregnancy
are not using efective contraception. Access to family planning
could cut maternal deaths by almost 30% and improve food
securityFAMILY PLANNINGPlanning healthy and sustainable cities can
increase resilience to environmental change, reduce environmental
impacts and improve peoples healthCITY PLANNINGNUTRITIONUNDER
climate change and other environmental changesBy 2050 over 40%This
leads to a loss of 1-2million hectares of agricultural land per
annum250300350400Global fertiliser use (nitrogen, phosphorus, and
potassium; thousand
tonnes)1.http://data.unicef.org/child-survival/under-ve2.OECD,
http://www.oecd.org/env/indicators-modelling-outlooks/49844953.pdf3.
Original source reference in: Watts N, Adger WN, Agnolucci P, et
al. Health and climate change: policy responses to protect public
health. Lancet 2015; published online June 23.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60854-6All other data is
in: Whitmee S, Haines A, Beyrer C, et al. Safeguarding human health
in the Anthropocene epoch: report of The Rockefeller
FoundationLancet Commission on planetary health. Lancet 2015;
published online July 16.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60901-1SOURCES02004006001800
1850 1900 1950 20001950 2000 1950 2000 1950 20001800 1850 1900 1950
2000 1800 1850 1900 1950 20001800 1850 1900 1950 2000 1800 1850
1900 1950 200001002001800 1850 1900 1950 2000TROPICAL FOREST
LOSSCARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONSAtmospheric concentrationof CO2
(ppm)LIFE EXPECTANCYMean global life expectancy at birth
(years)POVERTYPopulation of world in poverty (%)CHILD
MORTALITYRecorded deaths of under-ves120M10M06080406789250,000
deaths per yearbetween 2030 and 20503
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