Pl/113/’04 NABin: Deform. of Asphalt Mixtures 26th Oct 04, Oslo 1 by Manfred N. Partl Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, EMPA

Pl/113/’041

NABin: Deform. of Asphalt Mixtures 26th Oct 04, Oslo

by

Manfred N. Partl

Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, EMPA Center Road

Engineering/Sealing ComponentsDübendorf, www.empa.ch/Abt113

Deformation of Asphalt MixturesDeformation of Asphalt MixturesField Studies Field Studies

NABin Seminar on Deformations of Asphalt Mixtures 26th October 2004, Oslo, Norway

Pl/113/’042


ContentContent

IntroductionSwiss LTTP StudyField Monitoring

A1Footprint

APT- MMLSRILEM

TC 182 PEB-TG4TC-APT

Pl/113/’044


Deformation Distress TypesDeformation Distress Types

Life Phase

Loading Loading Speed Example Loading Mode

Mat-Response

Mat Prop Deformation-Distress

Instal-lation

Com-paction

Fast (Vibro, High Frequ.)

Plate Vibrator

C/TShear

Creep/ Relaxation

Visco-Plastic

• Deform. Evenness

• Surface Cracks• Delamination (Interlayer Bond)

Slow (Static, Low Frequ.)

Static Roller

Service Traffic Fast (Vibro, High Frequ.)

Fast Trucks

C/TShear

Bending

Fatigue Elasto-Plastic

• Fatigue Cracks

Slow (Static, Low Frequ.)

Bus stops

Creep/ Relaxation

Visco-Elasto-Plastic

• Ruts/Perm. Deform.

• Creep-Cracks

Climate Slow(Thermal Movement)

Sunshine, Frost

C/TShear

Creep/ Relaxation

Viscos (warm)

• Thermal cracks• Delamination (Interlayer Bond)

Elastic (cold)

Pl/113/’046


LTPP LTPP Cross Section of Pavement with extensive Rutting

Pl/113/’047


LTPP: LTPP: Sections A...H Sections A...H

0

50

100

150

200

250mm

3.9m

A B C D E F G H

WCWCBDCBDC

LBCLBC

UBCUBC

H. Fritz, M. Seeberger, M.N. Partl

Basel

Bern

Luzern

InvestigatedInvestigatedSectionsSections

ZürichA/B

4

4

3

16

5

12 6 8

7

14

2

1

2

2 1

1

1

C/D

F

E

G/H

Pl/113/’048


LTPP: Normalized Properties WCLTPP: Normalized Properties WCA B C D E F G H

<Pen><Pen>

<R&B><R&B>

<lnG*><lnG*>

<BP><BP>

<m><m>

<S><S>

WC:1

Co

ld

Wa

rm T

em

p.

No

rmal

ized

Pro

pe

rtie

s

=1

: "S

tiff

",

=

0:

"So

ft"

M.N. Partl, H.W. Fritz, ISAP, Seattle, (1997)

<Pen> Pen(min.) /Pen<R&B> R&B /R&B(max.)< >70°C (min.) /<lnG*>70°C lnG* /lnG*(max.)<BP> BP(max.)/BP<S>-20°C S/S(max.)<m>-20°C m(min.) /m

<X>=1 (stiff); <x>=0 (soft)<X>=1 (stiff); <x>=0 (soft)

Pl/113/’049


LTPP: STS-LTS Penetration LTPP: STS-LTS Penetration

LTSLTS:Long Term Storage Slabs (17yrs @ Room Temp)

STSSTS: Short Term Storage (After Sampling of Slabs)


BBHH

CCHH

BB

HHEEFF

WCWC80

60

40

20

0

BDCBDC

CCEE

LBCLBCUBCUBC80

60

40

20

00 20 40 60 80 0 20 40 60 80

Pen. @ 25°C, LTSLTS (.1mm)

Pen

. @

25°

C, S

TS

ST

S (

.1m

m)

DDAA

EE

BBGG

HH

DD

AA

FF

GG

AABB

FF

GGCC

DDAAGG

EE

Pl/113/’0410


LTPP: STS-LTS R&B SofteningLTPP: STS-LTS R&B Softening

LTSLTS::Long Term Storage Slabs (17yrs @ Room Temp)

STS:STS: Short Term Storage (After Sampling of Slabs)


AAGG BBBBHH

BBAA

UBCUBC LBCLBC

WCWCCC

DDAAEE

FF

GGHH

CCDD

EEFFHH

DDEE

BBGGHH

CCAAEE FF

GG

0 20 40 60 80 100

20

0

80

60

40

R&

B S

oft

enin

g P

t., S

TS

ST

S (

°C)

100

R&B Softening Pt., LTSLTS (°C)

0 20 40 60 80 100

20

0

80

60

40

100

BDCBDC

Pl/113/’0412


IR: Traffic (Heat Effect)IR: Traffic (Heat Effect)

Rubber pads heated up to 65°CPavement reached 50°C (ca 40°C before passing)

TankTank

Unter motor +4°C, under wheels +2°C than surface

SRT PendulumResin Surface Stones

Pl/113/’0413


A1 Monitoring A1 Monitoring StationStation

HMT 22HMT 32HMF 22

SMA 114cm8cm

10cm

10cm

58cm

WIM DDM#1DDM#2

DDM#3Temp Temp

TA,TB

TA,B2TA,B5TA,B8

TA,B17

TA,B27

T17

T27

T21A2B

1D 2D

1E 2E

3A

3C

3E

Base

MRDSMRDS

WIM: Weigh in MotionDDM: Differential Deflection Meas.MRDS: Magnetostrictive Deform SensorTemp: Temperature

Pl/113/’0414


Magnet 1

Magnet 2

Magnet 3

Magnet 4

[mm]0

40

-120

-220

-320

1

P. Anderegg, R. Brönnimann

EMPA Magnetostrictive Deform. Sensor EMPA Magnetostrictive Deform. Sensor (MRDS)(MRDS) : :

Pl/113/’0415


Comparison DDM - MRDS Comparison DDM - MRDS (5-axle Truck)(5-axle Truck)

-0.02

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

63572.5 63573 63573.5

Time [s]

Def

orm

atio

n [

mm

]

M2-M4

2B-2D

Pl/113/’0416


Motorway A1: LenzhardMotorway A1: Lenzhard 1

Taking Slabs

Trench

Pl/113/’0417


A1 A1 Temp DistributionTemp DistributionSummer 1999

07.12.99-11.12.99

12.07.99-18.07.991 Tag 2 Tag 3 Tag 4 Tag 5 Tag

2

5

8

17

27

32

Tiefe, cm

24.3

LUFT14 . 8712 . 913 . 613 . 914 . 4514 . 915 . 7513 . 7312 . 6513 . 2513 . 9514 . 714 . 516 . 614 . 0712 . 6513 . 213 . 714 . 1515 . 0515 . 1514 . 7312 . 813 . 113 . 714 . 414 . 7516 . 3514 . 6312 . 7513 . 3513 . 614 . 314 . 915 . 714 . 612 . 5513 . 213 . 4514 14 . 9514 . 2514 . 3712 . 612 . 913 . 514 . 7514 . 5515 . 914 . 4712 . 3513 13 . 414 . 0514 . 9514 . 4514 . 412 . 312 . 913 . 414 14 . 714 . 914 . 1312 12 . 6513 . 214 . 0514 . 814 . 114 . 0311 . 6512 . 7513 . 114 . 0514 . 8517 . 7513 . 911 . 5512 . 5512 . 913 . 8514 . 914 . 2514 . 2311 . 412 . 113 13 . 9514 . 5515 . 513 . 7711 . 412 . 312 . 7513 . 9514 . 4514 . 7513 . 5311 . 5512 . 2512 . 5513 . 315 . 1515 . 112 . 9312 . 1512 . 512 . 813 . 2515 15 . 8512 . 7312 . 6512 . 8513 13 . 6514 . 314 . 0513 . 0312 . 812 . 9513 . 213 . 614 . 616 . 413 . 112 . 513 13 . 3513 . 614 . 4514 . 6513 . 4513 . 0513 . 1513 . 5513 . 814 . 2515 . 7513 . 6713 . 1513 . 5513 . 613 . 814 . 313 . 3514 . 3713 . 3513 . 7513 . 7514 . 1514 . 1513 . 514 . 414 13 . 7514 13 . 9514 . 215 . 614 . 214 . 414 . 114 . 113 . 6514 . 714 . 5514 . 3315 . 2514 . 814 . 313 . 7514 . 714 . 215 . 0317 . 6516 . 2515 . 113 . 7514 . 5512 . 814 . 418 . 3517 . 216 14 . 1514 . 815 . 8514 . 5319 . 917 . 716 . 7514 . 9514 . 114 . 6514 . 7318 . 918 . 0517 . 6515 . 514 . 214 . 614 . 8319 . 4518 17 . 415 . 714 . 516 15 . 2318 . 918 17 . 5515 . 415 . 1514 . 415 . 619 . 718 . 317 . 715 . 6515 15 . 114 . 7719 . 3518 . 517 . 9515 . 7515 . 6513 . 914 . 3318 . 618 . 2517 . 916 . 4515 . 1514 . 614 . 5316 . 817 . 0517 . 416 . 515 . 2516 . 2514 . 616 . 2516 . 616 . 8516 . 5515 . 415 . 213 . 7715 . 3516 16 . 4516 . 116 15 . 613 . 3715 . 115 . 916 . 116 . 1515 . 7514 . 1512 . 9714 . 0515 . 1515 . 8516 . 1515 . 715 . 912 . 713 . 914 . 8515 . 516 . 0515 . 515 . 112 . 7313 . 7514 . 315 . 1516 . 0515 . 416 . 2512 . 6713 . 6514 . 4514 . 7515 . 215 . 815 . 3512 . 513 . 7514 . 314 . 715 . 1515 . 7515 . 612 . 2513 . 814 . 1514 . 715 . 4515 . 3516 . 312 . 0714 . 114 14 . 7515 . 4515 . 115 . 8512 . 2713 . 814 . 114 . 615 . 3515 . 0516 . 512 . 1314 14 14 . 615 . 5514 . 915 . 7

21.4728.430.1531.532.130.628.620.9327.6529.5530.831.630.628.720.427.0528.930.530.930.5528.2519.6326.328.329.530.830.230.6519.0326.0527.929.1530.330.128.518.725.9527.1528.6530.129.7530.4518.3324.9526.628.0529.6529.529.7518.1324.42627.6529.229.327.6517.6323.7525.7527.128.5529.22917.5323.5525.326.6528.6529.226.417.8722.824.926.327.928.9527.8517.5722.823.9525.6528.427.9527.618.2722.623.8525.3527.72828.6519.6722.623.8525.127.0528.1528.2520.5323.324.0524.9526.728.127.9521.0723.724.725.1526.128.12721.6325.752525.326.6527.327.7522.726.52625.926.4527.3527.3523.7728.8527.3526.826.527.227.324.530.1528.1527.626.9526.8527.525.3331.0529.1528.2526.9527.0527.2526.2333.931.1529.527.0527.0526.626.734.6532.430.6527.627.0526.825.9733.93331.427.4527.625.8525.9337.9534.3532.128.0527.525.926.339.5535.333.229.427.0527.126.941.153734.4529.727.527.227.342.053835.630.427.627.927.242.939.3536.6530.6528.0527.127.0345.5539.8537.5531.3528.3527.3526.143.8540.5538.231.828.7526.5526.744.0540.638.433.0528.528.8526.9340.8540.238.832.5529.327.425.5741.439.6538.3533.1529.726.925.639.3538.93833.729.6528.524.7339.138.537.733.729.927.2523.6736.0537.0537.233.6530.228.32334.335.935.933.3530.427.552332.2533.6534.733.130.627.452331.5532.833.8533.230.329.852330.2532.0533.1532.8530.727.652329.83132.2532.830.0529.852328.3530.431.6531.8530.4528.52327.629.330.7531.530.228.352326.128.929.930.830.527.72324.9527.3528.9530.330.229.152324.726.928.1529.7530.25272324.9526.4527.7529.5529.8528.42324.6526.327.3529.0529.528.852324.525.827.128.829.1528.92324.425.826.8528.1529.328.252323.7525.526.428.1528.827.52323.725.2526.227.928.729.652323.4524.825.927.7528.328.252322.924.4525.6527.328.1529.12322.7524.3525.3527.0527.8528.652322.624.125.126.7527.927.12222.2523.7524.7526.727.5527.552222.123.724.6526.2527.928.42222.3523.224.3526.5527.128.22221.423.152425.527.6525.752221.7523.0523.8525.627.226.552221.3522.723.7525.5526.827.052119.921.7523.525.926.329.252119.9522.622.9523.9527.5524.32120.921.622.7525.126.2527.82121.122.0522.7524.726.226.72121.3522.2522.924.5525.8526.2518.3521.922.22324.725.727.218.7722.122.523.224.425.926.418.8322.722.5523.1524.7525.4527.3516.6324.6523.7523.7524.3525.625.4516.5327.552524.8525.1524.829.717.5323.72625.32426.224.6517.5720.222.72424.8524.8527.1

6 Tag 7 Tag

21.4728.430.1531.532.130.628.620.9327.6529.5530.831.630.628.720.427.0528.930.530.930.5528.2519.6326.328.329.530.830.230.6519.0326.0527.929.1530.330.128.518.725.9527.1528.6530.129.7530.4518.3324.9526.628.0529.6529.529.7518.1324.42627.6529.229.327.6517.6323.7525.7527.128.5529.22917.5323.5525.326.6528.6529.226.417.8722.824.926.327.928.9527.8517.5722.823.9525.6528.427.9527.618.2722.623.8525.3527.72828.6519.6722.623.8525.127.0528.1528.2520.5323.324.0524.9526.728.127.9521.0723.724.725.1526.128.12721.6325.752525.326.6527.327.7522.726.52625.926.4527.3527.3523.7728.8527.3526.826.527.227.324.530.1528.1527.626.9526.8527.525.3331.0529.1528.2526.9527.0527.2526.2333.931.1529.527.0527.0526.626.734.6532.430.6527.627.0526.825.9733.93331.427.4527.625.8525.9337.9534.3532.128.0527.525.926.339.5535.333.229.427.0527.126.941.153734.4529.727.527.227.342.053835.630.427.627.927.242.939.3536.6530.6528.0527.127.0345.5539.8537.5531.3528.3527.3526.143.8540.5538.231.828.7526.5526.744.0540.638.433.0528.528.8526.9340.8540.238.832.5529.327.425.5741.439.6538.3533.1529.726.925.639.3538.93833.729.6528.524.7339.138.537.733.729.927.2523.6736.0537.0537.233.6530.228.32334.335.935.933.3530.427.552332.2533.6534.733.130.627.452331.5532.833.8533.230.329.852330.2532.0533.1532.8530.727.652329.83132.2532.830.0529.852328.3530.431.6531.8530.4528.52327.629.330.7531.530.228.352326.128.929.930.830.527.72324.9527.3528.9530.330.229.152324.726.928.1529.7530.25272324.9526.4527.7529.5529.8528.42324.6526.327.3529.0529.528.852324.525.827.128.829.1528.92324.425.826.8528.1529.328.252323.7525.526.428.1528.827.52323.725.2526.227.928.729.652323.4524.825.927.7528.328.252322.924.4525.6527.328.1529.12322.7524.3525.3527.0527.8528.652322.624.125.126.7527.927.12222.2523.7524.7526.727.5527.552222.123.724.6526.2527.928.42222.3523.224.3526.5527.128.22221.423.152425.527.6525.752221.7523.0523.8525.627.226.552221.3522.723.7525.5526.827.052119.921.7523.525.926.329.252119.9522.622.9523.9527.5524.32120.921.622.7525.126.2527.82121.122.0522.7524.726.226.72121.3522.2522.924.5525.8526.2518.3521.922.22324.725.727.218.7722.122.523.224.425.926.418.8322.722.5523.1524.7525.4527.3516.6324.6523.7523.7524.3525.625.4516.5327.552524.8525.1524.829.717.5323.72625.32426.224.6517.5720.222.72424.8524.8527.1

1 Tag 2 Tag 3 Tag 4 Tag 5 Tag

2

5

8

17

27

32

Tiefe, cm

LUFT

21.4728.430.1531.532.130.628.620.9327.6529.5530.831.630.628.720.427.0528.930.530.930.5528.2519.6326.328.329.530.830.230.6519.0326.0527.929.1530.330.128.518.725.9527.1528.6530.129.7530.4518.3324.9526.628.0529.6529.529.7518.1324.42627.6529.229.327.6517.6323.7525.7527.128.5529.22917.5323.5525.326.6528.6529.226.417.8722.824.926.327.928.9527.8517.5722.823.9525.6528.427.9527.618.2722.623.8525.3527.72828.6519.6722.623.8525.127.0528.1528.2520.5323.324.0524.9526.728.127.9521.0723.724.725.1526.128.12721.6325.752525.326.6527.327.7522.726.52625.926.4527.3527.3523.7728.8527.3526.826.527.227.324.530.1528.1527.626.9526.8527.525.3331.0529.1528.2526.9527.0527.2526.2333.931.1529.527.0527.0526.626.734.6532.430.6527.627.0526.825.9733.93331.427.4527.625.8525.9337.9534.3532.128.0527.525.926.339.5535.333.229.427.0527.126.941.153734.4529.727.527.227.342.053835.630.427.627.927.242.939.3536.6530.6528.0527.127.0345.5539.8537.5531.3528.3527.3526.143.8540.5538.231.828.7526.5526.744.0540.638.433.0528.528.8526.9340.8540.238.832.5529.327.425.5741.439.6538.3533.1529.726.925.639.3538.93833.729.6528.524.7339.138.537.733.729.927.2523.6736.0537.0537.233.6530.228.32334.335.935.933.3530.427.552332.2533.6534.733.130.627.452331.5532.833.8533.230.329.852330.2532.0533.1532.8530.727.652329.83132.2532.830.0529.852328.3530.431.6531.8530.4528.52327.629.330.7531.530.228.352326.128.929.930.830.527.72324.9527.3528.9530.330.229.152324.726.928.1529.7530.25272324.9526.4527.7529.5529.8528.42324.6526.327.3529.0529.528.852324.525.827.128.829.1528.92324.425.826.8528.1529.328.252323.7525.526.428.1528.827.52323.725.2526.227.928.729.652323.4524.825.927.7528.328.252322.924.4525.6527.328.1529.12322.7524.3525.3527.0527.8528.652322.624.125.126.7527.927.12222.2523.7524.7526.727.5527.552222.123.724.6526.2527.928.42222.3523.224.3526.5527.128.22221.423.152425.527.6525.752221.7523.0523.8525.627.226.552221.3522.723.7525.5526.827.052119.921.7523.525.926.329.252119.9522.622.9523.9527.5524.32120.921.622.7525.126.2527.82121.122.0522.7524.726.226.72121.3522.2522.924.5525.8526.2518.3521.922.22324.725.727.218.7722.122.523.224.425.926.418.8322.722.5523.1524.7525.4527.3516.6324.6523.7523.7524.3525.625.4516.5327.552524.8525.1524.829.717.5323.72625.32426.224.6517.5720.222.72424.8524.8527.1

6 Tag 7 Tag

21.4728.430.1531.532.130.628.620.9327.6529.5530.831.630.628.720.427.0528.930.530.930.5528.2519.6326.328.329.530.830.230.6519.0326.0527.929.1530.330.128.518.725.9527.1528.6530.129.7530.4518.3324.9526.628.0529.6529.529.7518.1324.42627.6529.229.327.6517.6323.7525.7527.128.5529.22917.5323.5525.326.6528.6529.226.417.8722.824.926.327.928.9527.8517.5722.823.9525.6528.427.9527.618.2722.623.8525.3527.72828.6519.6722.623.8525.127.0528.1528.2520.5323.324.0524.9526.728.127.9521.0723.724.725.1526.128.12721.6325.752525.326.6527.327.7522.726.52625.926.4527.3527.3523.7728.8527.3526.826.527.227.324.530.1528.1527.626.9526.8527.525.3331.0529.1528.2526.9527.0527.2526.2333.931.1529.527.0527.0526.626.734.6532.430.6527.627.0526.825.9733.93331.427.4527.625.8525.9337.9534.3532.128.0527.525.926.339.5535.333.229.427.0527.126.941.153734.4529.727.527.227.342.053835.630.427.627.927.242.939.3536.6530.6528.0527.127.0345.5539.8537.5531.3528.3527.3526.143.8540.5538.231.828.7526.5526.744.0540.638.433.0528.528.8526.9340.8540.238.832.5529.327.425.5741.439.6538.3533.1529.726.925.639.3538.93833.729.6528.524.7339.138.537.733.729.927.2523.6736.0537.0537.233.6530.228.32334.335.935.933.3530.427.552332.2533.6534.733.130.627.452331.5532.833.8533.230.329.852330.2532.0533.1532.8530.727.652329.83132.2532.830.0529.852328.3530.431.6531.8530.4528.52327.629.330.7531.530.228.352326.128.929.930.830.527.72324.9527.3528.9530.330.229.152324.726.928.1529.7530.25272324.9526.4527.7529.5529.8528.42324.6526.327.3529.0529.528.852324.525.827.128.829.1528.92324.425.826.8528.1529.328.252323.7525.526.428.1528.827.52323.725.2526.227.928.729.652323.4524.825.927.7528.328.252322.924.4525.6527.328.1529.12322.7524.3525.3527.0527.8528.652322.624.125.126.7527.927.12222.2523.7524.7526.727.5527.552222.123.724.6526.2527.928.42222.3523.224.3526.5527.128.22221.423.152425.527.6525.752221.7523.0523.8525.627.226.552221.3522.723.7525.5526.827.052119.921.7523.525.926.329.252119.9522.622.9523.9527.5524.32120.921.622.7525.126.2527.82121.122.0522.7524.726.226.72121.3522.2522.924.5525.8526.2518.3521.922.22324.725.727.218.7722.122.523.224.425.926.418.8322.722.5523.1524.7525.4527.3516.6324.6523.7523.7524.3525.625.4516.5327.552524.8525.1524.829.717.5323.72625.32426.224.6517.5720.222.72424.8524.8527.1

05.07.99-11.07.99

258

17

2732

Dep

th,

cm

1 Tag 2 Tag 3 Tag 4 Tag 5 Tag

2

5

8

17

27

32

Tiefe, cm

LUFT

6 Tag 7 Tag

258

17

2732

Dep

th,

cm

18July max 41.7C @2cm18July max 41.7C @2cmJuly max was 4July (47.2C)July max was 4July (47.2C)

6Dez. min -2C @2cm6Dez. min -2C @2cmDez. min was 17Dez (-4.7C)Dez. min was 17Dez (-4.7C)

Pl/113/’0418


Measurements PA/SMAMeasurements PA/SMA

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0

Temperature [°C]

Dep

th [c

m]

.

SMA

PA

WC-Limit

Pl/113/’0419


Lenzhard: Deformation SignalLenzhard: Deformation Signal 1

Pl/113/’0421


22.Jan.1999,Temp., 2cm

DDM MeasurementsDDM Measurements

9.Jul.1999,2B, 12cmDeform.

9.Jul.1999,WIM

Day Time

22.Jan.1999,2B,12cmDeform.

A.M. Partl

Pl/113/’0422


Eureka Logchain Footprint E!2486Eureka Logchain Footprint E!2486Relate the environmental footprint of a vehicle to the cost of maintaining the infrastructureDevelop and use the same methodology for road and rail in order to facilitate intermodality

Vehicle load, Noise, Vibration, Gaseous emissions

Pl/113/’0423


Footprint Monitoring Site, Road Footprint Monitoring Site, Road Aargau , Switzerland

Direction Bern

Slow Lane

Empa DAQ

Induction loop

Induction loop

Lineas WIM

Modulas, SIM

Deformation

Vibration

Microphone

Humidity

Temperature

Pl/113/’0424


The Kistler Modulas SystemThe Kistler Modulas System (E. Doupal, R. Calderara Kistler Instruments)(E. Doupal, R. Calderara Kistler Instruments)

10

1010

2010

3010

Kanal

11Kanal

13Kan

al 15Kan

al 17Kan

al 19

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

[N]

Mes

swer

te

28_05_2004@13_07_pass_0001

9km/h, 6bar, max 497N9km/h, 6bar, max 497N

Pl/113/’0426


Maintenance U2000 Maintenance U2000

SectionsSections#12, #13#12, #13

Circular TrackCircular Track#2, #3#2, #3

Rutting on Test Sections & Circular Track

R.Gubler et al. 2004

Pl/113/’0427


Circular Circular Track Track

ETHZ@ETHZ@EMPAEMPA

Max 80km/hLoad 80kN (=Half Axle) Lat. Wandering ±675mm

Pl/113/’0428


HMT22, B70/100Zeofil

Materials, Design U2000Materials, Design U2000

70mm70mm

Gravel-Sand 100% crushed

GasperiniHMT22, B50/70

AC11S, B50/70

#2 #3

Gasperini & Special Filler

AC11S, B50/70


70mm70mm

40mm40mmHMT22, B70/100

Circular Test TrackCircular Test Track

80mm80mm


GasperiniHMT22, B50/70MR8, B50/70

#12 #13

Gasp. & Sp. Filler

MR8, B50/70


uncertainuncertain

30mm30mmHMT22, B70/100

Existing old HMT Existing old HMT

A2 MotorwayA2 Motorway

Motorway Circular test track

Base Material

Compacted Gravel-Sand

Compacted Gravel-Sand

Lower bearing course

Remaining old bearing course

70 mm HMT 22S

Upper bearing course

80 mm HMT 22S 70 mm HMT 22S

Wearing course

30 mm MR 8 40 mm AB 11S

Pl/113/’0429


Mixture TestsMixture Tests

DataDatado=150mm di=50mm T=5…40°Cf=0.01..10Hzh<100mm

Inner Cylinder

Support

Outer Cylinder

CyclicCyclicLoadLoad

50mm

65m

m

LVDTLVDT

GlueGlue

CASTCAST

LCPC-WTLCPC-WT

DataDataT=60°CD=400mm (no Thread)p=600kPaP=5kN

LxWxH=500x180x100mmv=2 Passes/s = 2HzN=7200 Passes/hNmax=30’000 Passes

Pl/113/’0430


MMLS3- PrincipleMMLS3- Principle

2400mm

1200mm

940mm

300mm

Tire Pressure Tire Pressure DistributionDistribution

DataDatal=2400mm D=300mmp=600kPa P=2.1kN

v=3m/s = 9km/hN=7200 Passes/hNmax=72’000 PassesLateral wandering: No

Pl/113/’0431


MMLS on A2 (Basel) & Circular Track @ EMPAMMLS on A2 (Basel) & Circular Track @ EMPA

A2A2 Circ. TrackCirc. Track

Pl/113/’0432


MMLS3 Pavement Temp. MMLS3 Pavement Temp.

A2 A2 Motor-Motor-wayway

Circular Circular Test Test TrackTrack

#13#12

#3#2

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

35.00

40.00

45.00

50.00

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00

Tem

pera

ture

[C

]

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

35.00

40.00

45.00

50.00

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00

Tem

pera

ture

[C

]

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

35.00

40.00

45.00

50.00

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00

Time [h]

Tem

pera

ture

[C

]

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

35.00

40.00

45.00

50.00

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00

Time [h]

Tem

pera

ture

[C

]10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

35.00

40.00

45.00

50.00

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00

30 mm

50 mm

80 mm

Air

Temp. Range in

3cm Depth:

#12#12 (20…42°C),

#13#13( 18..43°C),

#2#2 (13.6…45°C), #3#3 (15.2…39°C)

Pl/113/’0433


Results MMLSResults MMLS#12, #13 Motorway A3#2, #3 Circular Test Track

#12 #13

Passes

#2 #3

Pl/113/’0434


MMLS Rutting Circular Track /SectionMMLS Rutting Circular Track /Section

Sections generally more deformation than circular track #12,#2 less rutting than #13,#3 mixture in both cases

#12, #13 Section; #2, #3 Circular Track

72'000 Passes

y = 0.8754x

R2 = 0.9609

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

-3 -1 1 3

#13, Depth [mm]

#12,

Dep

th [

mm

]

72'000 Passes

y = 0.8128x

R2 = 0.9118

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

-3 -1 1 3

#3, Depth [mm]

#2, D

ep

th [

mm

]

Pl/113/’0435


LCPC Rut Test of Compacted MixLCPC Rut Test of Compacted Mix

0.1

1.0

10.0

10 100 1000 10000 100000

Number of Passes

Ru

t D

ep

th [

%]

#2

#3

Pl/113/’0436


Comparison Field & Lab TestingComparison Field & Lab TestingSection Cross Section

Rut of MMLSca.15..43C

Rut Depth LCPC Rut Test 60°C, 30’000 Passes

DSR 40°C,2 Hz

CAST 40 °C,2 Hz

[mm2] [mm] [MPa] [MPa]

#12 (road) 154 - 0.0967 239#13 (road) 171 - 0.0703 188#2 circular track 75 2.56 0.0967 -#3 circular track 84 3.55 0.0703 -

MMLS rut area [mm2] ca 15..43°C, Ratio (#13/#12) 1.11

MMLS rut area [mm2] ca 15..43°C, Ratio (#3/#2) 1.12

LCPC rut depth 60°C [mm], Ratio (#3/#2) 1.39

DSR 40°C, 2Hz G* [MPa], Ratio (#3/#2) -1-1 1.38

CAST 40°C, 2Hz G* [MPa], Ratio ( #3/#2) -1-1 1.27

Ratios of „Soft“ : „Stiff“ MixRatios of „Soft“ : „Stiff“ Mix

Pl/113/’0438


Members & Experts of TC 182-PEBMembers & Experts of TC 182-PEB Performance Testing and Evaluation of Bituminous MaterialsPerformance Testing and Evaluation of Bituminous Materials

Chairman: M.N. Partl, EMPA, Switzerland; Secretary: C. De La Roche, LCPC, FranceD. A. ANDERSON, (USA); G. AIREY, (United Kingdom); H. U. BAHIA, (USA); L. BAKLØKK , (Norway); W. BANKOWSKI, (Poland); J. M. BARREIRA DE SOUSA, (Portugal); P. BERNALDO DE QUIRÓS MIRABENT, (Spain); R. J. H. BREUKER, (The Netherlands); J. BETHUNE, (Australia); Y. BROSSEAUD, (France); M. BUTCHER, (Australia); W. G. BUTTLAR, (USA); A. CALAHORA, (Israel); F. CANESTRARI, (Italy); C. CELAURO, (Italy); A. CHABOT, (France); J. CHEN, (Taiwan); E. CHAILLEUX, (France); A. COLLOP, (United Kingdom); C. DE LA ROCHE, (France); H. Di BENEDETTO, (France); B. ECKMANN, (Belgium); A. FIDATO, (Italy); L. FRANCKEN, (Belgium); R. GUBLER, (Switzerland); R. HOFMAN, (The Netherlands); P. HOPMAN, (The Netherlands); H. E. HÖPPEL, (Germany); M. HUGENER, (Switzerland); U. ISACSSON, (Sweden); H. KHALID, (United Kingdom); I. ISHAI, (Israel); E. KUPPENS, (The Netherlands); B. KOENDERS, (France); D. LÉONARD, (Belgium); X. LU, (Sweden); M. LUMINARI, (Italy); A. PAEZ,(Spain);J. PAIS, (Portugal); M. N. PARTL, (Switzerland); A. PFEILER, (Austria); H. PIBER, (Austria); J.-P. PLANCHE, (France); J. E. POIRIER, (France); L. POROT, (France); A. C. PRONK, (The Netherlands); C. RAAB, (Switzerland); G. ROWE, (USA); E. SAUGER, (France); S. SAID, (Sweden); M. SMILJANIC, (Serbia); H. SOENEN, (Sweden); L. SUN, (China); G. SVECHINSKY, (Israel); D. SYBILSKI, (Poland); S. TOTH, (Hungary); M. VAN DE VEN, (The Netherlands); B. VERHAEGE, (South Africa); A. VANELSTRAETE, (Belgium); M. W. WITCZAK,(USA); L. ZANZOTTO, (Canada)

62 members & experts from 22 countries (since 1999)

International Union of Laboratories and Experts in Construction Materials, Systems and Structures

Pl/113/’0439


TC 182-PEB ActivitesTC 182-PEB ActivitesTask GroupsTask Groups

TG 1TG 1 Bituminous Binders (D. Sybilski) TG 2TG 2 Mix Design (not active)

TG 3TG 3 Testing of Mixtures (H. Di Benedetto)

TG 4TG 4 PPPE PPPE Pavement Performance Prediction Eval.Pavement Performance Prediction Eval. (H. Piber)


Pl/113/’0440


PPPE Pave. Perform. Predict. Eval.:PPPE Pave. Perform. Predict. Eval.: H. Piber (AT)H. Piber (AT)

TG4 TG4 TG4 TG4

Inter-lab PPPE study to compare performance testing & predictions by different labs with LTPP field observations for 10yrs10yrs.

CCRIPPPECCRIPPPE (Cold Climate RILEM Inter-laboratory PPPE) section in Austria (Villach)Austria (Villach)

WWRIPPPEWWRIPPPE (Warm Weather RILEM Inter-laboratory PPPE) sect. in Portugal (Mindelo)Portugal (Mindelo)

ReferenceReference:: Paper at ISAP 2002, and RILEM sympos. PTEBM03 and AAPA 2004 on: Interlaboratory Tests

on Performance Prediction of Pavements. Report available on CD soon

13 Labs: Bautechnik Klagenfurt (AT), BRRC (BE), EMPA (CH), Tech. Univ Bruno (CZ), Asphalt Labor Wahlstedt, (DE), BAM (DE), Danish Road Inst. (DK), CEDEX (ES), Univ. Parma (IT), Consulpav (PT), VTI (SE), Univ. California Berkeley (US), CSIR (ZA)

Pl/113/’0441


1) Compare different prediction methodsprediction methods2) Compare test methodstest methods for predictions3) Compare predictionspredictions4) Check w. LTPP in cold & warm regionLTPP in cold & warm region after 1,2,4,9 yrs

GoalGoal

Prediction model & predicted behavior

Sample

LaboratoryType of Test

Test - conditionsTest - results

Input dataTRAFFIC

Input dataCLIMATE

Trafficload analysis

Climateanalysis

INPUT: Loading conditionsINPUT: Material

Prediction model & predicted behavior

Sample



Input dataTRAFFIC

Input dataCLIMATE


Climateanalysis


SampleSampleSample



Input dataTRAFFICInput dataTRAFFIC

Input dataCLIMATE


Climateanalysis


TG4 TG4 TG4 TG4

Pl/113/’0442


Distress Classification TableDistress Classification Table

No Type of Damage DimensionClass of Distress

A B C D

1 Rutting 1) mm <5 5...<10 10...<20 20

2 Single Cracks (Thermal Cracking) m/100m <4 4

3 Net Cracks(Fatigue Cracking) % of 100m2 <5 5...<10 10...<20 20

4 Surface Defects 2) % of 100m2 <2 2

1) Rutting in surface course and deformation of each asphalt course, (max. depth and change of thickness)

2) Loss of material and/or ravelling

TG4 TG4 TG4 TG4

Pl/113/’0443


SC: 35mm SMA 11 (1997)B4+B3: 160mm BT I 22 HS (1997)B2+B1: 130mm BTS I 22 (1988)

200mm unbound material (1988)


embankment (1987)

CCRIPPPECCRIPPPE Villach VillachSC: 40mm PA (1997)B2: 110mm AC „Caltrans“ (1996) B1: 110mm AC „Arizona“ (1996)



cutting (1996)

WWRIPPPEWWRIPPPE Mindelo MindeloSections: Construction DataSections: Construction Data

WWRIPPPE Mindelo CCRIPPPE Villach

Avg. Annual Daily Heavy Traffic: 971 2,350Days with Max. Temp. > +25 °C: 32 46 Days with Min. Temp. < 0 °C: 2 128 7d Hottest Air Temp. SHRP [°C]: 30.04 2.46 30.7 1.8Annual Min. Air Temp. SHRP [°C]: 0.44 2.01 -19.3 3.7

TG4 TG4 TG4 TG4

Pl/113/’0444


7 Rutting Test Methods7 Rutting Test MethodsTest-Type Compression

CO Simple Shear SH Ind. Tensile IT

Wheel TrackingWT

Loading Static S Cyclic C Cyclic C Cyclic C Cyclic C

Set-Up, Geometry

Input Deform. Load Load Load LoadTemp. °C 50 -15...50 43...52 25...44 20...60

Cyclinder CY

S-CO-CY1

C-CO-CY2,3,4

C-SH-CY6,7

C-IT-CY(horiz. Cores) 14

C-WT-CY13

Prisma PR C-CO-PR5

C-WT-PR8,9,10,11,12

F,fd,h

F

h

f, l

L,B

F,f

d,h,s

F,f

d,h,dp

F,v

d,h

TG4 TG4 TG4 TG4

Pl/113/’0445


Rutting: Layers & Number of TestsRutting: Layers & Number of Tests

Test- No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

CCRIPPPE Villach

SC

BC4

BC3

BC2

BC1

WWRIPPE Mindelo

SC

BC2

BC1

Pl/113/’0446


44thth Method Calculated Rutting Method Calculated RuttingCCRIPPPE Villach

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

0 2 4 6 8 10Time [Year]

Ru

t D

epth

[m

m]

1 S-CO-CY2 C-WT-PL5 C-CO-PR8 C-WT-PL9 C-WT-PL14 C-IT-CY

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

0 2 4 6 8 10Time [Year]

Ru

t D

epth

[m

m]

1 S-CO-CY2 C-WT-PL5 C-CO-PR8 C-WT-PL9 C-WT-PL

WWRIPPPE Mindelo

Pl/113/’0447


Summary Distress ClassificationSummary Distress ClassificationNo Type of Damage Class of Distress

A B C D1 Rutting [mm] <5 5...<10 10...<20 20

CCRIPPPE Villach 5 3 4 -WWRIPPPE Mindelo 4 4 3 -

2 Single Cracks [m/100m] <4 4CCRIPPPE Villach 4 -

WWRIPPPE Mindelo 4 -3 Net Cracks [% of 100m2] <5 5...<10 10...<20 20

CCRIPPPE Villach 9 - - -WWRIPPPE Mindelo 6 1 - 1

4 Surface Defects [% of 100m2] <2 2CCRIPPPE Villach 2 -

WWRIPPPE Mindelo - 1

Austria Austria (Villach)(Villach)

Portugal Portugal (Mindelo)(Mindelo)

13 Labs: Bautechnik Klagenfurt (AT), BRRC (BE), EMPA (CH), Tech. Univ Bruno (CZ), Asphalt Labor Wahlstedt, (DE), BAM (DE), Danish Road Inst. (DK), CEDEX (ES), Univ. Parma (IT), Consulpav (PT), VTI (SE), Univ. California Berkeley (US), CSIR (ZA)

Reference:Reference:Papers at ISAP 2002, and RILEM sympos. PTEBM03 and AAPA 2004 on: Interlaboratory Tests on Performance Prediction of Pavements.

TG4 TG4 TG4 TG4

-6

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

-4 -3.5 -3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0

Distance (m)

Pro

file

(mm

)

CRIPPPE Transverse Evenness 2003CRIPPPE Transverse Evenness 2003

-6

-5

-4

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CRIPPPE Transverse Evenness 2003CRIPPPE Transverse Evenness 2003

Herald Piber, Report TG 4, Paris, 2004

Pl/113/’0448


New RILEM TC ATB New RILEM TC ATB Advanced Testing and Characterization of Bituminous Advanced Testing and Characterization of Bituminous

MaterialsMaterialsTG 1 BindersTG 1 Binders (D. Sybilski) Evaluate binder properties with respect to durability relevant to distress accumulation performance and application; nanotechnology of binders; aging as a material property

TG 2 CompactionTG 2 Compaction (M. Van de Ven) Evaluation of lab. compaction methods and models with respect to field compaction

TG 3 Mechanical testing of mixturesTG 3 Mechanical testing of mixtures (H. Di Benedetto) Evaluate existing test methods (like simple performance tests) and models for different types of mixtures (like porous asphalt) considering subjects such as permanent deformation, micromechanics and size effects

TG 4 Pavement performance prediction evaluationTG 4 Pavement performance prediction evaluation (H. Piber)Evaluate test methods to assess structural behavior (influence of layer thickness and

interlayer bond), investigation of PPPE sections

TG 5 RecyclingTG 5 Recycling (C. De La Roche) Evaluate test and mix design methods for the use of materials with bituminous materials from the road (STAR), focusing on hot mix recycling (RAP: Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement).


Pl/113/’0449


Topics RILEM ATB-TG3Topics RILEM ATB-TG3

Permanent deformation - rutting of bituminous mixesBibliography : PhDs , List of ref.

Lab and models

binder – mix

RRT on wheel tracking tests: In situ results : NO except if LCPC has an idea

Other more Fundamental Considerations (mixes & binders)Triaxial tests: tension, compression,…)Modelling (link with TC CAP)

Same mix like for RRT WT

Link binders – mixes


Pl/113/’0450


Thank YouThank You

Documents

Pl/113/’04 NABin: Deform. of Asphalt Mixtures 26th Oct 04, Oslo 1 by Manfred N. Partl Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, EMPA