Physical Science Packet Chapter 4 & 6: Energy and Heat€¦ · Physical Science Packet Chapter 4 & 6: ... Mechanical Energy = Kinetic Energy + Potential Energy ... PS Energy Packet.V5.doc

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Physical Science Packet Chapter 4 & 6: Energy and Heat

Name: _________________ Due: Date of Chapter 4/6 Test

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Energy and Heat Study Guide

Major topics on the test will include:

A. Kinetic vs. Potential Energy a. Know the equations used to calculate each of these. b. Know examples of when a rollercoaster has each of these. c. Know the term “Joule”

B. Types of Energy Sources

a. Elastic b. Chemical

i. How does food provide energy for our body? c. Gravitational

C. Law of Conservation of Energy

a. State the law b. Transforming electrical and chemical energy c. How does friction and heat play a role in the conservation of energy? d. How does our body change energy intro different forms?

D. Mechanical Energy

a. Know how falling objects, swings, and projectile motion show the change in energy from kinetic to potential

b. Mechanical Energy = Kinetic Energy + Potential Energy

E. Energy Transfer a. Conduction – Know how this works and examples b. Convection – Know how this works and examples

i. How does this affect our climate?

F. Energy and the Sun a. Radiant Energy

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Insert

Concept

Map

Here

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Essential Questions List Date Started: _____________ Question #1: __________________________________________________________ Notes: (to be filled out on review day)

Date Started: _____________ Question #2: __________________________________________________________ Notes: (to be filled out on review day)



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Date Started: _____________ Question #7: __________________________________________________________ Notes: (to be filled out on review day) Date Started: _____________ Question #8: __________________________________________________________ Notes: (to be filled out on review day) Date Started: _____________ Question #9: __________________________________________________________ Notes: (to be filled out on review day)

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Day #1: Kinetic and Potential Energy Notes

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Day #2: Different Types of Energy Notes

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Day #3: Law of Conservation of Energy Notes

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Day #4: Mechanical Energy Notes

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Day #5: Conduction and Convection Notes

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Day #6: Radiant Energy Notes

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Kinetic vs. Potential Energy Lab

1. Rollercoaster: a. Draw the simple track that you will construct by gently

bending the tubing.

b. Label the point where the ball has the most potential energy c. Label the point where the ball is going the fastest.

2. Swinging Pendulum

a. Draw a picture of your swinging pendulum.

b. Label the point where the ball has the most potential energy. c. Label the point where the ball has the most kinetic energy. d. What would happen to the pendulum’s potential energy if you used a

heavier pendulum?

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e. What would happen to the potential energy if you pushed it instead of letting it drop?

3. Rubber Band a. What kind of potential energy does the rubber band have when you stretch

it?

4. Saltine Crackers a. What kind of potential Energy does the food have?

b. How is it released?

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Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 5 Lab: Bouncing Balls (Page 1)

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Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 6 Lab: Bouncing Balls (Page 2)

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Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 4 Mini-LAB: Transforming Energy Using a Paper

Clip

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Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 9 Laboratory Activity – Lab 1

The Energy of a Pendulum (Page 1)

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Conservation of Energy - Rollercoaster Simulation I – Objectives: a) Analyze the physics of motion and energy involved in a rollercoaster design. b) Apply basic formulas of Conservation of Energy and Projectile Motion to find the distance that an object will travel when coming off a vertical drop slide. II - Procedure:

a) Go the web site: http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/index.php?cat=Top_Simulation

Choose Energy Skate Simulation and press Run Now button.

b) Modify the track configuration and place the skater at the top of the track as shown on the picture below.

c) Put a check mark on the Potential Energy Reference box and position the GPE = 0 Reference Line at the bottom of the slide. At that height level, we assume gravitational positional energy to be zero.

d) Put a check mark on the Measuring Tape box and measure the height of the ramp from the highest point to the GPE = 0 Reference Line. This is the h1 height measurement.

e) Position the measuring tape as shown on the picture and measure the height of the bottom of the slide in relation to the ground. This is the h2 height measurement.

f) Calculate the speed v2 of the skater when he comes off of the bottom of the slide.

g) Calculate the distance d that the skater will travel when he hits the ground.

h) Position the measuring tape on the ground aligned with the bottom of the slide and open it to a length equal to the expected distance d.

i) Run the simulation and verify the accuracy of your measurements and calculations.

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III – Formulas

a) Speed at the bottom of the ramp:

Energy Conservation Law: GPE1 + KE1 = GPE2 + KE2 (1)

Since V1 = 0 KE1 = 0 and, since GPE2 = 0 at the bottom of the slide, then equation (1) becomes

GPE1 + 0 = 0 + KE2 GPE1 = KE2 m⋅g⋅h1 = ½ m⋅(v2)2

b) Time of skater’s free fall motion: h2 = ½ g⋅t2

c) Skater’s Travel Distance:

IV – Data Table:

Height h1 (m) V2 (m/s) Height h2 (m) Free Fall Time t (s) Distance d (m)

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Name:

1 2 3 4 Design Missing 3 or

more parts. Missing 2 parts. Missing one

part. • 2 hills • 1 loop • total height at least

1.5 meters • must end on ground

level Test Run

Unsuccessful Test Run

Makes it through 1 part.

Makes it through 2 parts.

Successful Test Run- marble makes it from top to bottom staying on the track.

Speed Measures the average speed of the marble.

Measures and the average speed during 2 trials. Some errors.

Successfully measures the average speed during 3 trials.

• Successfully measures the speed of the marble during 5 trials

• Calculates the average speed.

Potential Energy and Kinetic Energy

No attempt made.

Poor attempt made.

Attempt with errors.

Successfully measures and compares the potential and kinetic energy of the marble at the beginning and the end.

Labels Missing 3 or more parts.

Missing 2 parts. Missing one part.

Uses the following labels: • greatest kinetic

energy • greatest potential

energy • acceleration due to

change in direction • acceleration due to

change in speed Final Test

Does not complete final test.

Hypothesize the average speed; Take loops and hills out of track and complete 1 trial run.

Successfully measures the average speed during 3 trials.

• Successfully measures the average speed during 5 trials.

• Calculate the average speed.

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Mass of Marble: __________ kg Length of Track: __________ m

Diagram of Your Final Rollercoaster Set-Up

Draw a Diagram of Your Rollercoaster and label the following locations: • greatest kinetic energy • greatest potential energy

• acceleration due to change in direction • acceleration due to change in speed

Rollercoaster Trials Trial Distance (m) Time (s) Velocity

1 2 3 4 5

Average: Starting Potential Energy Calculation: Ending Kinetic Energy Calculation:

Hypothesis of Slalom Average Speed I believe it will go (slower / the same speed / faster ) down the slalom because . . .

Slalom Trials (Starts at the rollercoaster’s height and ends at ground level) Trial Distance (m) Time (s) Velocity

1 2 3 4 5

Average:

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Match Lab

Name:

Poor-2 Average-3 Good-4 Excellent-5 GR. Neatness Difficult to

read due to being messy and/or unorganized.

Messy but readable.

Neat and organized.

*1= ___

Participation Often seen not participating.

Participating some of the time.

Often seen participating.

*1 ___

Observations Contains no observations.

Contains 1 observations.

Contains 2 observations.

Contains 3 observations and at least one is original.

*4= ___

Conclusion Questions

Contains poor and/or missing answers.

Some poor and/or missing answers

Answers most questions completely.

Answers all questions completely.

*4= ___

Total Score: _______

EQ-What type of heat is most effective in lighting a match using a flame? Directions:

1. Write a hypothesis based on the essential question. 2. Light a match using conduction, convection, and radiation. 3. Write down at least 3 observations, one should be original. 4. Answer the following questions.

Questions: 1. What type of heat is most effective in lighting a match using a flame? 2. Draw a picture showing the best location to light the match without actually

touching the flame. What type of heat is that? 3. Why are black specks moving in the pool of wax?(hint- is it convection,

conduction, or radiation?) 4. Which of the following chemical equations best shows what happens as the

candle burns? a. C25H52(s) + O2(g) CO2(g) + H2O(g) b. C25H52(l) + O2(g) CO2(g) + H2O(g) c. C25H52(g) + O2(g) CO2(g) + H2O(g)

5. How does the answer to #4 explain why flames move? 6. What type of chemical reaction is that?

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Insert Thermal Energy Supplemental Pg. 5 LAB: Convection in Gases and Liquids

(Page 1)

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Insert Thermal Energy Supplemental Pg. 6 LAB: Convection in Gases and Liquids

(Page 2)

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Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 17 Section 1 Reinforcement: The Nature of Energy

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Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 28 Section 2 Reinforcement: Conservation of Energy

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Insert Thermal Energy Supplemental Pg. 28 Section 2 Reinforcement: Transferring Thermal

Energy

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Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 35 Chapter Review: Energy

(Page 1)

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Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 36 Chapter Review: Energy

(Page 2)

Documents

Physical Science Packet Chapter 4 & 6: Energy and Heat€¦ · Physical Science Packet Chapter 4 & 6: ... Mechanical Energy = Kinetic Energy + Potential Energy ... PS Energy Packet.V5.doc