PhonicsAnn Morrison, Ph.D.

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Phonics The intersection of

Phonological Awareness and Print Awareness

Alphabetics Sight Words Onset-Rime Morphology Orthography

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Adams, 1990

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Morrison, 2011

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Phonics Model Lesson video http://dww.ed.gov/media/DDI/RIR/SI/See/

flashlite/1506/index.htm

Sight word instruction video: Frannie Fallon

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Alphabetics Letter sounds Sounds of letter combinations

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Phonics Teaching Sequence Letter identification Letter sounds 2 letter blending and segmenting (cv or

vc) cvc blending and segmenting ccvc, cvcc, cvcv blending and

segmenting

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Try this… Using the magnetic letter boards, teach

the phonics sequence to your neighbor Before you begin, select just a few

letters to focus on Make sure to include an e and one other

vowel, so you can make cvce words

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Sight and High Frequency Words Read as whole words, not decoded Fluency in reading sight and high

frequency words contributes to reading fluency which, in turn, contributes to reading comprehension

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Sight Words v. High Frequency WordsSight Words Difficult to decode

using rules of English, don’t “play by the rules”

Can also be high frequency

High Frequency Words Decodable Are used most

frequently in a given literature set (can have high frequency words of 5th grade Electricity unit)

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Onset-Rime Word families Onset is the consonant before the first

vowel Rime is everything after the first vowel Example:

Str-ay, fr-ay, pl-ay

Morphology Morpheme: the smallest unit of a word that

has meaning Morphology: the study of how languages

combine morphemes Syllables are also chunks of words, but

They are speech sounds, not written Comprised by a vowel and one or more

consonants May, but do not necessarily, have meaning

when standing alone

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Six Syllable TypesWilson Reading Program Poster

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Orthography Describes the graphemes, diacritics,

and punctuation used in a language and rules for writing these symbols

More commonly defined as “common spelling patterns”, but actually includes more

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Phonics Elements Consonants…letter-sound correspondences that include single

consonants, such as l- /l/ and p - /p/ that occur at the beginning and end of words like lap and pal

Consonant digraphs…sounds represented by letter combinations at the beginning of words like ship, chip, thin and whip, and at the end of click and sing

Consonant blends…the initial sound combinations at the beginning of words like stop, tree, black, flag, and at the end of send and left

Silent letters…letters that have no corresponding sound in words such as the k in knead the b in lamb

Short vowels…vowel sounds that occur in words like cat /a/ hen /e/ pig /i/ dog /o/ and bug /u/

Long vowels…vowel sounds that occur in words like ate /ā/ eat /ē / ice /ī/ oat /ō/ and use /ū/

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Phonics Elements, cont. Other vowels…medial vowels such as the /ä/ in father; r-

controlled vowels in which the sound of the vowel is influenced by the letter r that follows it, as in car and bird, in which the sound is neither long or short; schwa /ǝ/, which is the vowel sound that occurs in unaccented syllables such as the initial vowel in about and the final vowel in teacher

Vowel digraphs…two vowel letters that make a single vowel sound such as the /ŏ/ in boat or the /ŏŏ/ in good

Vowel diphthongs…two vowel letters that make a blended or glided sound such as the oi in boil and the ou in shout

Syllables…combinations of phonemes that make up larger sound units in words in which consonants cluster around vowels