Petroleum Facilites of Germany 1945 109

8/14/2019 Petroleum Facilites of Germany 1945 109

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164 - SYNTHETIC OILBlechhammer N. and S.

LOCATION MAP OFHYDROGENATION PLANTS

OBERSCHLESISCHE HYDRIERWERKE A. G.

BLECHHAMM ER - NORTHAND

BLECHHAMMER - SOUTHSILESIA

SCALEMILES0 1

KILOMETERS1 2

COSELHeydebreck

CANAL UNDER CO NSTRUCTIONwv

BLECHHAMMER - SOUTH

V? . BUILT UP PUNT AREAAREA R-5


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SYNTHETIC OIL - 165Blechhammef~T?orth

4.6.2 NorthCompany: Oberschlesische Hydrierwerke (I.G. Farbenindustrie controlled).Location: In Silesia, six miles E. of Cosel, latitude 50 21' N., longitude 1818 E., on S. bank of Adolf Hitler Canal (Klodnitz Canal). There is also a

canal to Blechhammer South, four miles to the SW.References: Layout plan, page 166. Location sketch, page 164. photograph, page 16 7.Plant Area: 10,000 feet x 5,000 feet (1,150 acres).Description: (a) Process: Hydrogenation of bituminous coal and tars by Bergiusprocess. This plant is of recent construction and did not come into productiountil 1943.

(b) Power Plant: There are two powerhouses, complete with generator halls,etc., located in two different parts of the plant. The one to the north,about 440 x 1,000 feet, has six cooling towers, two of 170 feet and four of130 feet. The south powerhouse consists of two buildings 160 x 210 feet and280 x 240 feet.(c) L.T.C. Plant: One carbonization house, 430 x 90 feet, o 10 stacks withroom for three more houses. Coke is delivered to Watergas plant and southpower plant.(d) Gas Manufacture: 7/atergas plant, 350 x 100 feet, with 18 generators, withH2S removal (building 290 x 52 feet with 20 columns, 15 feet in diameter), etc*\ group of large buildings may be a Linde plant. Main compressor house, 460 110 feet.(e) Hydro Re nation: Eight stalls (4 pairs) with room for many more. Size ofstall: 40 x 26 feet.(f) Refinery: One section with eight distillation columns for L.T.C. productsand one section with three columns for hydrogenated products.(g) Tankage: Four large tanks are located in the woods near the southwestcorner of the plant and two isolated groups south of the plant. Estimatedcapacities are as follows:

Details o Tankage

Diameter Capacity Total CapacityNumber Fe et Tons Metric TonsSouthwest group 4 90 6,000 24,000

2 90 6,000 12,0006 70 3,500 21,000South group 44 6040 3,0001,000 12,0004,0002 35 800 1,600TOTAL 74,600

Estimated capacity: 200,000 metric tons per year estimated normal production capacity


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166 - SYNTHETIC OILBlechhammer North


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SYNTHETIC OIL - 167Blechhammer North

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Blechhammer South


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SYNTHETIC OIL - 169Blechhammer South

4.6.3 Blechhammer South

Company: Oberschlesische Hydrierwerke (I.G. Farbenindustrie controlled).Location: Latitude 50 181 N., longitude 18 15' E. In Silesia, four miles south

west of Blechhammer North with which it is connected by a canalReferences: Layout plan, page 168. Location sketch, page 164.Plant Area: 17,700 feet x 4,000 feet (1,160 acres).Description: (a) Process: Direct hydrogenation of coal by Bergius process. Thisplant was under construction in 1943 and came into production in the latterhalf of that year.

(b) Power Plant: Unusual construction - boiler house 400 x 270 feet, generatorhall 300 x 110 feet, probably extended to 600 feet. Another power plant, 160x 135 feet, is southeast of the refinery.(c) Gas Manufacture: Watergas plant, 660 x 55 feet (120 feet high), with atleast 18 generators but probably totaling about 25. H2S removal, 510 x 80 feetwith 34 columns, 16 feet in diameter. There are several unidentified buildingswhich seem to be connected with gas production and/or gas synthesis. Gasholders, one at 67 feet, one at 80 feet, one at 110 feet and one at 135 feet.COg removal plant with 20 columns. Two compressor houses, one of 670 x 107feet with twelve compressors, and one of 500 x 107 feet with eight compressors.(d) Hydrogenatlon Plant: Stalls number 13 airs and two triples (one onlyfundaments), namely 22 stalls at 27 x 20 feet, four stalls at 20 x 12 feet.Stalls in triple stalls 27 x 20 feet but isolated location and probable lowerheight (26 feet) make it possible they are for either buna or hydrofining.(e) Refinery: Two rows of distilling columns: 1st row, 6 columns 60 feet highand ~columns 40 feet high; 2nd row, 8 columns 60 feet high. There is someunidentified construction in the refinery section which appears to have asmall throughput of some valuable product.(f) Tankage: Four groups of tanks with total capacity of 41,000 metric tons.

Estimated Capacity: 300,000 metric tons per year estimated normal production capaoit*


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SYNTHETIC OIL13ohlen-Rotha

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SYNTHETIC OIL - 1 71Bo 'h len -Ro tha4.6.4 Bohlen-Rothe

Company: Braunkohle-Benzin A.G. (Brabag)Location: South of the village of Bohlen, ten miles south of Leipzig, adjacent toh l 3 C 5 e1 r ^ 3 W e r e brown coal mine and power station. Latitude 51 11' N.,Reference: Layout plan, page 170. Location map, page 162.Plant Area: Main plant 4,500 x 3,900 feet, or about 400 acres. New extension2,500 x 2,000 feet or about 115 acres.Description: (a) Process: Hydrogenation, Bergius process, of lignite from theadjacent mine.

(b) Power Plant: A large powerhouse with generator hall 725 feet x 77 feetand a boilerhouse 450 feet x 210 feet, capacity 230,000 k.w. One of thelargest in central Germany and supplies power over a wide area.(c) Low Temperature Carbonization: There is a large L.T.C. plant with 24stacks and having a daily capacity of 750 metric tons of L.T.C. tar and 3,000tons of coke. Of this coke it is reported that 2,200 tons are used dailyunder the power station boilers, 400 tons in the Winkler generators and theremaining 400 tons sold to other users.(d) Gas Manufacture: There are three Winkler generators and four watergasgenerators. There are two buildings identified as compressor houses 270 x 90feet and 340 x 77 feet. There are seven gas washing towers.(e) Hydrop,enation: There are seven stalls, six arranged in pairs, each stall30 feet x 25 feet.(f) Refinery: There are four furnace houses, each measures 47 x 41 feet,associated with distillation columns and pump houses; also pressure equipmentfor handling liquefiable gases. New plant contains additional refining equipment.(g) New Plant: The new plant was under construction in 1943 and product storagetanks, refining distillation units and a high pressure synthesis plant, eitherFischer-Tropsch or hydrogenation-polymerization, appeared to be its salientfeatures.(h) Tankage: Details of Tankage - Approximate

No. ofTanks DiameterFeet CapacityTons Total CapacityMetric Tons12 42 1,200 14,4002233

120604842

12,0003,0002,0001,200

24,COO6,0006,0003,600

T o t a 54,000Estimated Capacity: 300,000 metric tons per year estimated normal production capacityRemarks: The lignite is supplied partly from the open mine north of the plant andpa"rtly from the mine at Sspenhein, also belonging to A.G. Sachsische Werke. Rawcoal intake of the plants around the mine is approximately as follows:

To boilerhouse 2 , 5 0 0 metric tons per dayManufacture of briquettes for sale 4 , 0 0 0 tt tt tt tt MManufacture of briquettes for L.T.C. plant 11 ,500 "Gasworks (Leipzig city gas supply, capacity 1,000 "400,000 M 3 per day by Luigi system)T o t a l 19 ,000 "


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72 - SYNTHETIC OILBottrop-Welheim


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SYNTHETIC OIL - 173k ot t r op - w e l h e i m4 . 6 . 5 B o t t r o p - W e l h e la

Company: Ruhrfll A.G.L o c a t i n :g L a t i t u d e 510 32 ' N . , l on g i t u d e 6 59 ' E . Z e ch e V e r e i n i g t e W e l he im , s ou t hor road f rom Bo t trop to Hors t and nor thw es t o f ra i lw ay Bot t ro p to G el se nk i r c h e n i n h i g h l y b u i l t up s e c t i o n o f Ru hr .R efe re nc e: Layout p la n , page 172 . Lo cat i on map , page 163 .P l a n t A r e a : T r i a n g l e , 3 , 1 5 0 x 3 , 1 5 0 x 2 , 1 0 0 f e e t , o r a p p r o x i m a t e l y 1 50 a c r e s .D e s c r i p t i o n : ( a ) P r o c e s s : D e s i g n e d a s p i l o t p l a n t f o r h y d r o g e n a t io n ( 70 0 a t m s ) . o fP o t t B roc he e x t r a c t , b u t p r ob ab l y c on v e r t e d t o B e r g i u s h yd r oge n at i on p r o c e s s .Coal su pp l i ed f rom M at th i as S t in ne s s h af t s I I I and IV, about 1 m i le to then o r t h .

(b) Power P la n t: Large power pl an t w ith two chimn eys .( c ) Gas ma nufactur e: L inde sep ar at io n of H2 from coke oven g a s . P la nt d imens io ns : 280 f ee t x 110 f e e t .(d) Pott-B roc he Pr oc ess : Two towers and a f i l t e r house (180 x 90 f e e t forP .B . proces s )( e ) Hydrogenation: F ive s t a l l s , v iz . ,2 of 45 x 28 feet1 of 55 x 28 feet1 of 62 x 25 feet1 of 40 x 25 f e e t(f) Refin ery: Three furnaces (1 la rg e, 2 small)(g) Tankage: Several large groups of tanks, extensively camouflaged.

Estimated Capacity: 100,000 metric tons per year estimated normal productive capacity4.6.6 Castrop-Rauxel

Company: Gew erkschaft V ik to r (owned by W in te rs h al l A.G. and Klocknerwerke A.G .)Location: Latitude 51 35 f N ., lon gitu de 7 20* E ., approximately two m iles northof villages of Castrop-Rauxel and some eight miles northwest of Dortmund inthe Ruhr. Alongside the Gewerkschaft Viktor coal mine.R efe re nc e: Layou-t p la n, page 174. Lo catio n map, page 163.Pl an t Area: 3,300 fe e t x 1,800 fe e t , or approximately 110 ac re s .D es cr ip tio n: (a) Pr oce ss: Fischer-Tropsch syn th es is , probably both low pressure andmedium p re ss ur e. Operates on hard coal or cok e.

(b) Coke oven P la n t: B att er y 450 f e e t Jong, about 150 ov en s. By-products pla ntin clu de s NH3 and benzol recovery and p u ri f i ca ti on .(c) Power S ta tio n: Boilerhou se 200 x 125 f e e t . Generator h al l 115 x 90 f e e t .(d) Gas m anu factu re: CO from coke o ve n s, supplem ented by CO f H2 from watergasplant7~"clinLe&t;ions 180 x 120 f e e t , w ith four gen er at or s. H2S removal 200 x 90f e e t w ith four towers of 40 fe e t d iameter. Organic sulphur removal, 6 towers,19 f ee t d iameter .(e) S yn th es is : Old co nt ac t oven house 310 x 90 f e e t , probably 30 low pressureand 60 medium pr essu re ov en s. New oven house about same s i z e .( f ) R e f i n e r y : D i s t i l l a t i o n u n i t s .(g) Tankage: Total capacity about 22,700 metric tons,(h) Su nd ries: There is al so an NH3 Sy nth esis plant on the s i t e .

Estimated Capacity: 60,000 metric tons per year estimated normal production capacity,


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174 - SYNTHETIC OILC a s t r o p - R a u x e l

Fischer - Tropsch PlantGEWERKSCHAFT VIKTORCASTROP-RAUXEL

1, 2. Pit prop yards 32,3. Coal handling plant 34.4. Colliery offices 35.5. 6. Pithead gear 36.7. ? Briquetting plant 37.8. Boiler house9. Generator hall 38 .10.-13. Cooling towers 3 9 14. Colliery.sidings 40.15. Conveyors 4 1 .16. Coke ovens 42.17. Foundation for coke 43 .oven extension 44.18.-22. By-products treatment 45.23. Gaswashing columns 46.24. Blower house and tar 47 .precipitation 48,25 . Liquor tanks 50.26 . By-products plant silo27 . Cooling*towers 51 .28 . Gas holder 52.29 . Dry gasholder30. Pump house 53.31. Cooling towers 5 4

100 100

500

LEGEND33. GasholdersWater gas plantH2S removal? Gas coolers etc.Works transformerstationNot identifiedCoke dumpCooling towersContact oven houseOil washing columnsActive carbon plantCooling towerOrganic sulphur removalGasholderCooling towers49. Not identifiedAmmonia plant compressorsGas washing towersAmmonia synthesisplantPumphouseCooling towers

SCALE200 300 400 500 METERS

1500 2000 FEET

55 . Nitric acid plant56 . Not identified57 . Fertilizer silo58 , 59 . Cooling towers60 , 61. Residual gasholders62. New building63. Distillation building u/c64 . Oil storage65 . Cooling tower u/c66 . Ammonia tank67 . ? New contact oven house68 . Pumphouse69 . Gasholder u/c70 . Not identified7 1 . Gasholder72 . Cooling tower73 . Pumphouse74 f 75 . Cooling towersyg ' Compressor house andgas storage cylinders77 . Oil storage tanks7 8 " Distillation plant79 New building R31


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SYNTHETIC OIL - 175beschowitz4 . 6 . 7 Desohowitz

Company: Sc ha ffg ots ch Benzin G.m.b.H.-J l0??itude 180 08* E. Desohowitz, sometimes known asf C S e l 1 i n S i l e s i a > approximately eight miles?rom

References: Layout plan, page 176. Location map, page 176,.Plant Area: 5,150 x 2^.50 feet or approximately 250 acres.Description: (a) Process: Fischer-Tropsch synthesis at medium pressures. Operateson hard coal or coke. v

() Po3; Plant; 1 boilerhouse, 286 feet x 195 feet. Generator halls, one of85 x 45 feet and one of 85 x 70 feet. Four large cooling towers and an openair transformer station 325 x 195 feet.(c) Coke Oven Plant: About 190 ovens. By-product plant includes N H 3 separationbenzol plant. One tar pitch treatment and fractionation tank, 40 feet in diameter, capacity approximately 2,000 tons for final benzol storage.(d) Gas_ Manufacture: Watergas plant 205 x 95 feet with new extension of 420feet in length (and possibly more). Wet gasholders 85 feet in diameter. HsSremoval 98 x 90 feet with four towers 34 feet in diameter. Organic sulphurremoval 210 x 65 feet having six towers 13 feet in diameter. Compressor house210 x 117 feet.(e) Synthesis: Old contact oven house of open type 143 x 70 feet, extended to285 feet. Older section had 48 ovens 9 feet in diameter; 10 more added withtotal room for about 90.(f) Refinery: Fractionating and stabilization columns. May also include lubeoil manufacture. Probably no cracking unit.(g) Tankage: Two groups of tanks with the following approximate capacities.Additional tankage is located in Cosel whence oil is conveyed by pipe line.

Details of TankageNo. on N o . o f D i a m e t e r Capac i ty To ta l Capac i tyP l a n T a n k s F e e t Tons M etric Tons

3 35 800 2,4002 33 700 1,40070 1 30 500 500and 3 25 400 1,20081 2 20 200 4001 45 1,500 1,5005 2 4 22 225 1,000

TOTAL 8,400Estimated Capacity: 60,000 metric tons per year est imated normal production capacity


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176 - SYNTHETIC OILDeschowi tz

FISCHER-TROPSCH PLANTSCHAFFGOTSCH BENZIN G.m.b.DESCHOWITZ

OFFICES AND WEIGHHOUSE 22 BYPRODUCTS TREATMENT 43. COOLING TOWER CRANESPOWER STATION 44. WET GASHOLDER WET GASHOLDERCOAL CONVEYOR 24. BENZOLE STORAGE 45. WATER GAS PLANT STRIPPING PLANTCOOLING TOWERS 25 COAL CONVEYOR 46 BLOWER HOUSEWORKSHOPS ETC 26 . COOLING TOWERS 47. CRANES 68 CRACKING PLANT?OFFICES 27 TREA TMENT VESSELS 48. WATER GAS PLANT EXTENSION 69 PUMP HOUSECONTROL HOUSE 28 . COOLING TOWER 49 WET GASHOLDER 70 STORAGE TANKSION 29 WASHING TOWERS 50 WORKSHOPS ETC 71 72 WET GASHOLDERSWET (GASHOLDER 51 . SETTLING TANKS 73 DISTILLATION PLANTCOKE DUMP 31 ACTIVE CARBON PLANT 52 OIL STORAGE 74 WASHING COLUMNSCRANE 32. POND 53 . NOT lOENTIFIEr 75 STRIPPING PLANTCOKE CRUSHING PLANT 33 COAL CRUSHIN G PLANT 54. PUMP HOUSE 76 STABILIZATION COLUMNCOKE OVENS 34 SETTLING TANKS 55 . H 2 S REMOVAL 77 COOLING TOWER15 COOLING TOWERS 35 COOLING TOWER 56. MINERAL DUMPS 78 79 . LUBRICATING OILTREATMENTWET GASHOLDER 37 . STORAGE TANKS 57. ORGANIC SULPHUR REMOVAL 80 DISTILLATION COLUMNCONTROL BUILDING 38 PUMP HOUSE 58. CRANE 81 OIL STORAGE TANKSAMMONIUM SULPHATE UMN? 82 DAMAGED GASHOLDERFRACTIONATING COLUMNS 40. EMPTY STORE DUMP 60. PUMP HOUSE, C02 REMOVAL &c. 83 STORAGE CYLINDERSTAR TREATMENT? 41 PONDS 61. 62. PIPE BRIDGESWASHING COLUMN 42. TURNTABLE 63 CONTACT OVENHOUSE

LOCATION MAP


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SYNTHH.TIC OIL - 1 7 7Dortmund

4,6.8 DortmundCompany: Hoesch Benzin G.m.b.H.Lo ca tion : At Hoesch in the suburb Wambelerholz, 2 - l / 2 m iles NE of ce nter of D ortmund. La titud e 51 32 N ., lon gitu de 7 30* E. The Kbelin-Neuessen s t e e l works are to the we st of the p la n t.R efe re nc es: Layout plan , page 178. Loca tion map, page 16 3. Photograph, page 17 9.Pla nt Area: 2,10 0 x 870 fe e t or approximately 40 ac re s .D esc rip t ion : (a) Pro cess : Fischer-Tropsch sy n th es is . Uses gas from adjacent ookingp l a n t s .

(b) Power St at io n: 175 x 70 fe e t , extended with a new se cti on of 70 fe e t .Inclu des generator ha l l and transformer s t at io n .(c) Gas Man ufacture: Watergas g en er at or s, probably supplemented by gas fromadjacent coking pla nt . Orig inal b ui ldin g 200 x 95 fe et w ith 6 generators ,exten ded to 305 x 95 fe e t with thr ee more gen er at or s. HgS removal, 280 x 100f e e t , four towers at 35 f e e t . Organic sulphur removal, 6 (3 pa irs) towers18 fe e t in diam eter , w ith room fo r 2 (1 pair ) more.(d) Synthesis: Contact oven house 300 x 90 feet, apparently only of mediumpr es su re . Type (re ac tio n in open ), 72 ovens, 9 fe et in diam eter.(e) Re finery : Tube s t i l l house with chimney, probably also c racking, wax r e m oval and lu be o i l f a c i l i t i e s .(f ) Tankage: At the north we stern end of the pla nt are two groups of stor ag etanks , camouflaged. Dimensions and est imated ca pa ci t ie s are as follo w s:

Details of TankageN o. on N o . o f Diameter Capacity Total Cap acityPlan Tanks Feet Tons Metric Tons

3 8 6 50 2,000 12,0003 35 800 2,4003 9 1 60 3,000 3,0003 50 2,000 6,000

Tota l 1 3 23,400stimated Capacity: 60,000 metric tons per year estimated normal production capacity


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178 - SYNTHETIC OILD o r tm u n d

0 250 500 FEET

2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11 .12.

Fischer - Tropsch PlantHOESCH BENZIN G.m.b.H.

DORTMUNDLEGEND

Pumphouse. 13. Gas Pipe Line. 25 . Workshop. 38 . Oil Storage TanksCooling Tower. 14. Cooling Tower. 26, 27. Offices etc. 6 Tanks 2000 M3, 12,600 BBLS.Foundations for cooling tower.Power Station. 15.16. Wet Gasholder.Gas Pipeline. 28 .29 . Oil condensat ion.Compressor House 39 . 3 Tanks 800 M3, 5,040 BBLS.Oil Storage TanksCoal eleva'tor. 17. H2S Removal Plant. 30 . CO Converters. 3 Tanks 2,000 M3, 12,600 BBLS.Power Station extension.Workshop? 18.19 . Crane.Dumps of Reagent. 31 .32 . C02 Removal.Dry Gasholder. 40 . 1 Tank 3,000 M3, 18,900 BBLS.Overhead pipe line.Steam pipe.Water Gas Plant. 20 .21 . Organic Sulphur Removal.Heat Exchangers. 33 .34 . Wax removal plantNew construct ion. 41 , 42, 43. Cooling Towers.44 . Degassing tower.Bunkers. 22 . Pipe Bridge. 35 . Butane cylinders. 45 . Cooling tower.Water Gas Plant Extension. 23 . Contact Oven House. 36 . Cracking Plant? 46 . Residual Gasholder.Blower House. 24 . Crane. 37 . Butane cyl inders. 47 . Rail sidings.

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SYNTHETIC OIL - 179Dor tmund

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Petroleum Facilites of Germany 1945 109