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PESQUISA DE ALCOOL NA FAMILIA
CELSO DE CASTRO
Methods Mol Biol. 2003;233:555-70. Related Articles,
Alcohol addiction.
Olive MF, Ron D.
There is increasing evidence for a role of individual protein
kinase C (PKC) isozymes in the pathology of
various diseases of the brain (1). For example, it was recently
demonstrated that a mutation in PKCgamma
results in Parkinson's disease-like symptoms in rats (2). There
is also evidence that alterations in theexpression of PKC isoforms
may influence alcohol consumption and the behavioral responses to
alcohol
and other drugs of abuse (3-7). However, the paucity of
pharmacological ligands that selectively modulate
the activity of individual PKC isozymes has compelled scientists
to turn to genetic methods, such as viralgene delivery, antisense
oligonucleotide, and targeted gene-deletion techniques to ascertain
the function of
individual PKC isoforms in vivo. Alcohol (ethyl alcohol, or
ethanol) has been shown to alter the function
and activity of numerous types of voltage- and ligand-gated ion
channels in the central nervous system.
However, it is increasingly apparent that ethanol also affects
multiple intracellular signaling pathways. Ofthese, signaling by
the PKC family of enzymes has received considerable attention. In
vitro studies have
shown that acute alcohol exposure can directly inhibit or
enhance PKC activity and alter the subcellular
distribution of individual PKC isozymes, whereas chronic
exposure to ethanol generally leads to an up-regulation of PKC
expression and/or function (8,9). In this chapter, we discuss
several methodologies for
determining ethanol consumption patterns and the behavioral
effects of ethanol that are suitable for use in
PKC isoform "knockout" mice. First, we discuss two separate
methods of determining voluntary ethanol
intake. We then discuss several behavioral assays for the
determination of the acute effects of ethanol onmotor behavior.
PMID: 12840534 [PubMed - in process]
Related Articles, Links
Sources of distress among women in treatment with their
alcoholic
partners.
Kahler CW, McCrady BS, Epstein EE.
Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Box
G-BH, 02912,
Providence, RI, USA
We examined sources of psychological and relationship distress
among 90
nonalcoholic women with alcoholic male partners seeking
outpatient, conjoint
alcohol treatment. Results indicated that greater psychological
distress among thesewomen was most strongly associated with lower
satisfaction with the marital
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=12840534http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=12840534http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=12810147http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/utils/fref.fcgi?http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0740547203000333http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=12840534http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=12810147
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relationship, presence of domestic violence, lower frequency of
male partner's
drinking, lower perceived social support from family, and more
frequent attempts to
cope with the partner's drinking. Controlling for psychological
distress, greatermarital satisfaction was associated most strongly
with greater attempts to reinforce
positively the partner's abstinence and with less effort to
detach from the partner's
drinking. Severity of partner's alcohol problems was
unexpectedly associated withgreater marital satisfaction in
multiple regression analyses, though not in bivariate
analyses. Results highlight the close connection between
psychological and
relationship distress and potential relations between
alcohol-related copingbehaviors and both psychological and
relationship distress.
PMID: 12810147 [PubMed - in process]Marital Fam Ther. 2003
Jan;29(1):121-46. Related Articles, Links
Alcohol abuse.
O'Farrell TJ, Fals-Stewart W.
Harvard Families and Addiction Program, Harvard Medical School
Department of
Psychiatry at the VA Boston Healthcare System, VAMC-116B1, 940
Belmont St.,
Brockton, Massachusetts 02301, USA.
[email protected]
We reviewed 38 controlled studies of marital and family therapy
(MFT) in
alcoholism treatment. We conclude that, when the alcoholic is
unwilling to seekhelp, MFT is effective in helping the family cope
better and motivating alcoholics to
enter treatment. Specifically, (a) Al-Anon facilitation and
referral help family
members cope better; (b) Community Reinforcement and Family
Training promotes
treatment entry; and (c) the popular Johnson intervention
apparently does noteffectively promote treatment entry. Once the
alcoholic enters treatment. MFT,
particularly behavioral couples therapy (BCT), is clearly more
effective than
individual treatment at increasing abstinence and improving
relationshipfunctioning. BCT also reduces social costs, domestic
violence, and emotional
problems of the couple's children. Future studies need to
specifically evaluate: MFT
with women and with minority patients, mechanisms and processes
of change, andtransportability of evidence-based MFT approaches to
clinical practice settings.
Publication Types:
Review
Review, Academic
PMID: 12616803 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=12616803http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=12616803
