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Personal Selling
Personal presentation by the Personal presentation by the firm’s sales force for the purpose firm’s sales force for the purpose
of making sales and building of making sales and building customer relationships.customer relationships.
The Role of the Sales Force
• The critical link between a company and its customers.Salespeople:– represent the company to the customers.– represent the customers to the company.– strive to achieve customer satisfaction and
company profit simultaneously.
Sale Force Organization
• Territorial– Sales force organized by geographic area
• Product – Salespeople assigned to sell only certain product lines
• Customer– Sales force organized by customer or industry
• Complex– Combination of several types of structures
Team Selling
• Used to service large, complex corporate accounts• Main advantages:– Can find problems, solutions, and sales opportunities that
no single salesperson could– Cross-functional expertise– Goes beyond simple selling of product– More about finding customer solutions to complex issues
• Used primarily by “deep-pocket” companies• Also called “Consultative Selling”
The Personal Selling Process• Prospecting– Identifying qualified potential customers (prospecting)
• Pre-approach – Learning as much as possible about a prospect before
making the sales call
• Approach– Meeting the customer for the first time
• Presentation – Telling the “product story” to the buyer
The Personal Selling Process• Handling Objections
– Eliciting, clarifying and overcoming customer objections to buying
• Closing – Asking the customer for an order
• Follow-up– Following up after the sale to ensure customer satisfaction &
repeat business
• Transaction orientation vs. relationship orientation
Direct Marketing
• Definition– One-on-one communication in which offers are
tailored to the needs of narrowly defined segments.
– Seeks a direct, immediate, and measurable consumer response.
– Can take many different forms.
• Powerful tool for building customer long-term customer relationships
• Enables “true micromarketing” efforts
• Can reach prospects at just the right moment
• Provides access to buyers unreachable through other channels
• Minimizes “wasted reach”
• Effectiveness is easily measured
Advantages of Direct Marketing
Customer Databases
An organized collection of comprehensive data about
individual customers or prospects, including geographic,
demographic, psychographic, and behavioral data.
Telemarketing
• Used in both consumer and B2B markets
• Outbound or Inbound• Inbound consumer
telemarketing and outbound business-to-business telemarketing remain strong despite DNC legislations
Telemarketing – the end of an industry?
• Do-Not-Call legislation forbids most telemarketers to contact phone numbers registered on its Web site
• $11,000+ fine per DNC violation• DNC legislation effectively prohibits cell
phones telemarketing (cannot call cellphones using auto-dialers)
Direct-Mail Marketing• Involves sending a marketing offer to a pre-qualified prospect’s address
• Addresses obtained from customer lists
• List sources– Companies develop their own databases (i.e. Williams Sonoma)– Buy a list from a list broker– Internet accounts and warranty or product registrations
• Higher cost per prospect reached, but yields higher quality prospects than mass media
• Easy to measure results
• The “junk-mail” problem
Catalog Marketing• Originally a way to reach rural and “off-the-beaten-
path” prospects.• Nowadays most paper catalogs have gone digital
(i.e. online)• Expected catalog sales in
2008: $200 billion.• Advantages and disadvantages– Paper vs. Online
Copyright 2007, Prentice-Hall Inc. 13-18
• Direct-Response Advertising:– TV spots that are 60 or 120 seconds long.
• Infomercials:– A 30-minute or longer advertising program for a
single product.
• Home Shopping Channels:– Entire cable channels dedicated to selling multiple
brands, items, and services.
Direct Response TV Marketing
Copyright 2007, Prentice-Hall Inc. 13-19
Direct Response TV
HSN – The Home Shopping Network – is a direct response marketer’s dream. Products shown on the channel can be ordered via a 1-800 number or over the Internet from the HSN Web site.
www.hsn.com