Personal Health CareLesson 1 and 2

Being Well Groomed

• Grooming is everything that people do to stay clean and have a healthful appearance.

• Grooming:– Removes dirt and germs– Protects from skin infections– Prevents clogged pores (acne)– Prevents odor– Promotes positive self esteem– Earn classmates respect

Rest and Sleep

• Resting is a break from activity. – It re-energizes the mind

and body.

• Sleep is a restful state where you have no conscious thought.– Need 8-10 hours a night.– Heart rate slows– Blood pressure and

breathing slow.– Body repairs cells and

grows. – Body fights infections

during this time too!

Brainstorm!

• Name at least 5 grooming products you use.– Label them with the part(s) of the body you

use them on.

Caring for Your Skin

• Skin is the largest organ in your body!– Two main layers:

• Epidermis- outside layer• Dermis- thick inner layer

– Contains sweat glands, nerves and blood vessels

Caring for your Skin

• How can you take care of your skin?

Ways to Care for Your Skin

• EACH DAY:– Take a shower or bath

• With soap and water

– Drink plenty of water

• Frequently:– Wash sheets and pillowcases

• Any time you are out in the sun:– Wear sunscreen with an SPF (sun protective

factor) of at least 15.– Wear a hat and protective clothing.– Avoid tanning booths.

Skin Conditions to Look Out For

• Acne- a skin disorder that results in whiteheads, pimples and blackheads.– Wash your face twice a day with mild acne

soap to prevent this. – Wash after physical activity!

• Have regular check ups with a dermatologist (a physician who screens and treats skin disorders)

Skin Conditions to Look Out For

• Perspiration- mix of water, salt and waste products. Can cause body odor!– Antiperspirants can help reduce

perspiration.– Deodorants can reduce odor!

Caring for Your Hair and Nails

• What are the functions of your hair and nails?– Hair:

• Preserves heat • Protects head and skin

– Nails:• Protect and support the tips of fingers and toes• Used to scratch and pick up small objects

Caring for Your Hair

• Wash Hair at least twice a week. – Oily hair may need to be washed daily.

• Use a dandruff shampoo to remove flakes of dead skin from the scalp.

• Use a Conditioner to make your hair shine and help with tangles

• BE CAREFUL!! Washing your hair too often can make it dull and dry!

Caring for Your Hair

• Lice are small insects that can live in the human scalp.– They lay eggs and can spread quickly on

any item that touches infected hair!– – To treat lice;

• Use a special comb to remove eggs• Wash hair with an anti-lice shampoo.• Wash clothing and bedding in hot, soapy

water.• Vacuum furniture and carpets to remove lice.

Caring for Your Nails

• Remove dirt from under nails and trim them. – To Trim Nails Correctly:

• Use nail clippers • Cut straight across• Not too short!• Never bite or pick at them• Use a nail file to smooth out edges• Gently push back cuticles after washing your

hands or showering.

Physical Examinations

• Look on page C11. What do doctors use each of these instruments for?– Thermometer- measures body

temperature– Blood pressure gauge- measures blood

pressure– Reflex tester- measures reflexes– Stethoscope- listens to your heart and

lungs.

Physical Examinations

• You should have a physical once a year.

• See a doctor when you experience any unusual symptoms.– Symptoms are a change in the way a

person behaves or the body functions.

Physical Examination

• During your check up a doctor will ask you questions about you past health and habits.

• They will also ask about your present symptoms.

• This will become a part of your health record.

Question #1:

• With a partner, brainstorm some of the sounds you hear in a day.

• Then list ways your lives would change if they could no longer hear these sounds.

Parts of your ear

• Outer ear- Collects sound waves and directs them into the ear.

• Middle ear contains:– Hammer– Anvil – Stirrup

• These three tiny bones transmit sound waves to the inner ear.

• Inner ear contains:– Cochlea– Auditory nerve– Semicircular canals– These three send sound

messages to the brain!

Common Ear Problems

• Nearly 1 of every 10 people has a hearing problem. – Some are as major as not being able to hear at all

(deaf) or as minor as some hearing loss.

– It can happen at any time!

– One of the causes of hearing loss is noise pollution.

• Loud or constant noise that causes hearing loss.

Ways to Care for your Ears

• Have your ears checked regularly

• Wash your outer ears with water than shake the water out.

• Never place your finger or anything else inside of your ear!

• Keep the volume on your headsets low!

• Wear ear plugs when exposed to loud noise.

Question #2:

• What symptoms might indicate a vision problem?

Caring for your Eyes

• If you are experiencing eye problems you may need to see an optometrist or an ophthalmologist.

– Optometrists are trained and licensed to examine people’s eyes and prescribe eyeglasses or contact lenses.

– Ophthalmologists treat disease and injuries to the eye.

Question #3

• What part of eye controls the amount of light that enters the eye?

Parts of the Eye

• Sclera- white material that covers the entire eye.

• Retina- receives messages and sends them to the brain

• Optic nerve-carries

Image to the brain• Lens- focuses light• Iris- round, colored part

of the eye.

• Cornea- clear outer layer that covers the front of the eye.

• Pupil- black opening the eye

Eye Problems

• Common Eye Problems:– Farsightedness- close objects appear blurred

while distant objects are seen clearly

– Nearsightedness- distant objects are blurred while near objects are seen clearly

– Astigmatism- a vision problem in which the cornea or the lens of the eye is curved unevenly, causing blurred vision.

Eye Problems

• Conjunctivitis- also called “pink eye” is a contagious infection in which the tissue around the eye and the inside the eye lid swell.

• Scratch Cornea- eye gets red, irritated and sensitive to light.

Question #4:

• What are some hazards that can irritate the eye?

Ways to care for your eyes

• Don’t look directly at the sun!!• Wear sunglasses with UV ray

protection.• Wear protective eyewear when playing

sports and working with chemicals and tools.

• Use artificial tears to soothe dry eyes. • Wash your hands often to avoid getting

germs in them.• Follow directions for contact lenses.