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1
Periodic table can
be divided into 3
categories.
Periodic table can
be divided into 3
categories.
Created by Campesi, SMS
2
Good conductors
of heat, malleable,
ductile, shiny, few
electrons in outer
energy level
Good conductors
of heat, malleable,
ductile, shiny, few
electrons in outer
energy level
Metals:Metals:
3
poor conductors of heat, not
malleable or ductile, not
shiny, almost complete set
of electrons in outer energy
level
poor conductors of heat, not
malleable or ductile, not
shiny, almost complete set
of electrons in outer energy
level
NONMETALSNONMETALS
4
also called semiconductors have properties of both
also called semiconductors have properties of both
MetalloidsMetalloids
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Most elements are metals which are found to the left of the stairstep.
Most elements are metals which are found to the left of the stairstep.
(Mark the stairstep on your periodic table.)
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• Horizontal rows are called periods.
• Vertical rows are called groups.
• Horizontal rows are called periods.
• Vertical rows are called groups.
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Group #1: Alkali MetalsGroup contains: metalsElectrons in outer level: 1Reactivity: very reactive!Other properties: Soft,
silver-colored, shiny, low density
Group #1: Alkali MetalsGroup contains: metalsElectrons in outer level: 1Reactivity: very reactive!Other properties: Soft,
silver-colored, shiny, low density
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• Group #2: Alkaline-earth metals
• Group contains: metals• Electrons in the outer level: 2• Reactivity: very reactive but
less than Alkali• Other properties: silver-
colored, more dense than alkali metals
• Group #2: Alkaline-earth metals
• Group contains: metals• Electrons in the outer level: 2• Reactivity: very reactive but
less than Alkali• Other properties: silver-
colored, more dense than alkali metals
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Groups #3-12: Transition metalsGroup contains: MetalsElectrons in the outer level: 1 or 2Reactivity: Less reactive than
alkaline-earth metalsOther properties: Shiny, good
conductors, higher densities and melting points
Groups #3-12: Transition metalsGroup contains: MetalsElectrons in the outer level: 1 or 2Reactivity: Less reactive than
alkaline-earth metalsOther properties: Shiny, good
conductors, higher densities and melting points
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• Lanthanides: follow lanthanum similar properties
• Actinides: follow actinium, all atoms are radioactive, which means they are unstable.
• Lanthanides: follow lanthanum similar properties
• Actinides: follow actinium, all atoms are radioactive, which means they are unstable.
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• Metalloids, also called semiconductors.
• Have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
• Have ½ a complete set of electrons.
• Metalloids, also called semiconductors.
• Have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
• Have ½ a complete set of electrons.
17
• Group #13: Boron group• Group contains: 1 metalloid
and 4 metals• Electrons in the outer level:
3• Reactivity: reactive• Other shared properties:
Solid at room temp
• Group #13: Boron group• Group contains: 1 metalloid
and 4 metals• Electrons in the outer level:
3• Reactivity: reactive• Other shared properties:
Solid at room temp
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• Group #14: Carbon group• Group contains: 1 non, 2
metalloids, 2 metals• Electrons in the outer
level: 4• Reactivity: varies• Other shared properties:
solid at rm temp.
• Group #14: Carbon group• Group contains: 1 non, 2
metalloids, 2 metals• Electrons in the outer
level: 4• Reactivity: varies• Other shared properties:
solid at rm temp.
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• Group # 15: Nitrogen group• Group contains: 2 non, 2
metalloids, 1 metal• Electrons in the outer level: 5• Reactivity: varies• Other shared properties: all
but nitrogen are solid at room temp.
• Group # 15: Nitrogen group• Group contains: 2 non, 2
metalloids, 1 metal• Electrons in the outer level: 5• Reactivity: varies• Other shared properties: all
but nitrogen are solid at room temp.
23
• Group #16: Oxygen group• Group contains: 3 non, 1
metalloid, 1 metal• Electrons in the outer level: 6• Reactivity: varies• Other shared properties: all
but oxygen are solids at room temp.
• Group #16: Oxygen group• Group contains: 3 non, 1
metalloid, 1 metal• Electrons in the outer level: 6• Reactivity: varies• Other shared properties: all
but oxygen are solids at room temp.
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• Group #17: Halogen group• Group contains: nonmetals• Electrons in the outer level: 7• Reactivity: VERY reactive• Other shared properties: poor
conductors, react violently with alkali metals, never found alone in nature
• Group #17: Halogen group• Group contains: nonmetals• Electrons in the outer level: 7• Reactivity: VERY reactive• Other shared properties: poor
conductors, react violently with alkali metals, never found alone in nature
27
• Group # 18: Inert or Noble gases
• Group contains: nonmetals• Electrons in outer level: 8• Reactivity: unreactive• Other shared properties:
colorless, odorless gases at room temp.
• Group # 18: Inert or Noble gases
• Group contains: nonmetals• Electrons in outer level: 8• Reactivity: unreactive• Other shared properties:
colorless, odorless gases at room temp.
29
• Hydrogen stands alone!• Electrons in outer level: 1• Other properties:
colorless, odorless gas at room temp., low density, reacts explosively with oxygen
• Hydrogen stands alone!• Electrons in outer level: 1• Other properties:
colorless, odorless gas at room temp., low density, reacts explosively with oxygen