Period 3

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Overview of Period 3

• Rise and Spread of Islam • Expansion of China• Changes in European institution• Trade and exchanges • Empires in America

Rise and Spread of Islam

• Muhammad• Teaching of Islam

• Split between Sunni and Shia • Expansion of Islam – Umayyad – Abbasid

• Islam in India , Southeast Asia, Africa• Role of Women

Expansion of China

• Tang Dynasty • Song Dynasty• Expansion of chinese influence • Japan • Korea• Vietnam

Changes in European institution

• Western Europe– Manorialism – Feudalism

• Regional government• Growth of parliamentary in England• Growth of Church power– Crusades

Interregional trade and exchange

• The Mongols– In china– Persia– Russia

• Bantu Migrations in Africa• Indian Ocean trade• Renaissance • Early European Explorations

Empires in the Americas

• Toltecs• Rise of the Aztecs• Incas– Structure of empire– Religion

QUESTIONS

Question 1• With regard to the doctrines of Islam in the period 600-

1450,a. The concept of monotheism was unknown to the inhabitants

of the Arabian Peninsula prior to Muhammad’s teachingb. Their teachings of equality made them more popular among

the general population of Africa than among African rulers c. They were embraced by members of their emphasis on

equality d. They found widespread acceptance among Buddhists of

both Central Asia and Southeast Asiae. They were transmitted more frequently through missionary

endeavor than through commercial contacts or conquest

Question 2

• The area in which Islam showed the most profound change during the seventh to the fifteenth centuries was in a. The position of the caliphb. Its treatment toward People of the bookc. The development of the shariah d. The status of slaves e. The role of women

Question 3

• One of the weakness of the early Muslim empires wasa. Intolerance of the legal traditions of non-muslim

peopleb. Disregard for the cultural tradition of conquered

peoples c. Failure to resolve questions of succession d. Insistence on conversion of non-Arabs within the

empire e. Indifference to the Sunni/Shi’ite split

Question 4

• The Abbasid dynastya. Created a social rift between Arabs and new

convertsb. Was more interested in strengthening Arab power

than in gaining convertsc. Healed the rift between Sunnis and Shi’itesd. Discouraged commercial activity in an effort to focus

on missionary endeavore. Proved the high point of Muslim cultural

achievement

Question 5

• Which of the following qualifies as a primary source on the teachings of Muhammad?a. The Quranb. The Hadith c. The Five Pillersd. The Ummae. The Arabian Nights

Question 6

• Muhammada. Made provisions for the future leadership of Islamb. Established clear class distinctions for Islamic

society c. Built on the religious traditions of the Arabian

peninsulad. Went against established gender distinctions in the

practice of faith e. Spoke out against military conquest as a vehicle for

the extension of Islam

Question 7

• The Five Pillars a. Are inattentive to distinction in social classb. Are included in the Quranc. Require religious instruction s an entrance to the

Islamic faith d. Provide unity within Islame. Address both religious and secular matters

Question 8

• As a new faith, Islam gained strength a. Within portions of the former Roman Empireb. When adherence to Arabic ethnicity was

emphasized over adherence to Islam c. First in Mecca, then throughout the Arabian

peninsulad. Because of rules of succession established by the

first caliphe. In East Asia

Question 9

• Confucianism a. Became more popular in Vietnam than in Koreab. Was rejected as an acceptable philosophy by the

Japanesec. Combined with Buddhism to create a cultural

bridge between china and Koread. Brought greater freedom to Vietnamese women e. Blended well with Shintoism to forge Japanese

artistic traditions

Question 10

• Which was NOT an achievement of the Tang dynasty?a. The solution to the problem of nomadic people

along china’s borderb. The adoption of products from Vietnamc. An emphasis on long-distance traded. Irrigation e. Advances in the technology of warfare

Question 11

• The position of Chinese womena. Resulted in greater freedoms under Neo-

Confucianism b. Changed markedly between the seventh and

thirteenth centuriesc. Was defined by Confucianismd. Was more restrictive under the tang than under

the Song e. Declined in regions where Buddhism was popular

Question 12

• Japanese feudalisma. Brought a temporary end to internal conflictsb. Increased the power of the emperorc. Revolved around the power of the samurai as

warlordd. Saw the beginnings of a centralized Japan e. United peasant and elite classes

Question 13

• Compared to the Viets, the Chinese were morea. Agrarianb. Ethnically diversec. interested in traded. Urbanizede. Interested in preserving their own culture

Question 14

• Compared to Korean attitudes toward the Chinese, the Japanesea. More greatly appreciated the centralization of the

Chinese government b. Were more devoted to Confucianismc. Were more favorable to the civil service examination d. Demonstrated a desire to show respect to the

Chinese emperore. Were similar in their desire to become part of the

Chinese trading system

Question 15

• The position of the Chinese scholar-gentry a. was mimicked by the Japaneseb. Was admired by the Vietnamesec. Weakened efforts to curb nomadic invasionsd. Declined during the Song dynastye. Was not supported by Confucian philosophy

Question 16

• Buddhism became more popular among china’s neighbors than in China itself becausea. Buddhism reinforced Confucian gender rolesb. Buddhism weakened the power of the Chinese

emperorc. Buddhism reinforced a stratified societyd. Buddhism did not originate in China e. Buddhism emphasized centralized government

Question 17

• In contrast to Japanese feudalism, Western European feudalism a. Included women in the feudal relationshipb. Created a reciprocal relationship between lord

and vassalc. Was based on a noncontractual relationshipd. Did not lead to centralized regional governmentse. Endured for a longer period

Question 18

• Early Medieval Europe’s strongest state was a. The papal statesb. England c. France d. The holy roman empiree. Spain

Question 19

• The period of greatest population decline in Europe during the Middle Ages wasa. From the tenth to the thirteenth centuriesb. The fourteenth century c. The fifth and sixth centuriesd. The fifteenth century e. The eighth century

Question 20

• During the Middle ages, the concept of limited government was seen most clearly in,a. Franceb. Germanyc. Englandd. Italy e. Spain

Question 21

• Which statement describes Europe between the ninth and fifteenth centuriesa. The consolidation of Germanic kingdoms into a single

Germanic stateb. The end of pressure from migratory peoplesc. Steady decline in educational opportunities d. European retreat from contact with neighboring

societiese. The expansion of the Eastern world into Western

Europe

Question 22

• Trade during the Medieval perioda. Weakened in the Baltic regions as continental routes

broadenedb. Placed the power of the merchant classes in

competition with monarchial powerc. Shifted away from the Mediterranean basin after the

fall of Romed. Placed Europe within the Muslim commercial

networke. Was balanced between Eastern and Western markets

Question 23

• The fifteenth century was characterized by a. The beginnings of nation states in Italy and Germany b. The strengthening of nation-states in England and

Francec. Decentralization of political power in Spain d. The establishment of Western European political

tradition in the Middle Easte. The establishment of parliamentary tradition in

England and France

Question 24

• Medieval Europea. Extended local schools found on the manorb. Developed new banking institutions from

multicultural contactsc. Saw the rise of universities after the conclusion

of the Hundred Year’s Ward. Produced urban areas that rivaled those of

Eastern Empirese. Produced uniquely Christian architectural forms

Question 25

• Mongol rule in Russia and China differed in that a. In China the Mongols maintained Chinese traditions of

isolation from foreignersb. Eurasian trade routes under Mongol protection connected

Russia more than China to Western European trade routes c. The Mongols became more involved in administration in

China than in Russiad. The Mongols were more interested in controlling trade in

china than they were in Russiae. Russia advanced culturally under Mongols while china

became backwards

Question 26

• Historians studying linguistic syncretism would be most interested by a. The voyages of the Malay sailors b. The writing of Renaissance philosophers c. The Polynesian migration d. the Bantu Migration e. Yuan dynasty

Question 27

• The Black Death a. Was most devastating in North Afr4icab. Originated in Europec. Changed the course of political institutionsd. Spread solely along routes of Mongols conquestse. Produced large loss of life in India

Question 28

• The Yuan dynasty was brought down by all of the following EXCEPTa. foreign resistance to the Mongol Peaceb. Bubonic plaguec. Economic distress d. Inefficient administration e. A breakdown in internal security

Question 29

• The Renaissance a. Was a movement of uniquely Western originsb. Began in the eastern Roman Empirec. Was a result of the crusadesd. Represented a complete break from medieval

traditionse. Was a period of classical traditions rather than

independence innovation

Question 30

• European exploration through the mid-fifteenth century a. Produced intense revelries with East Asia

civilizationsb. Placed merchants in conflict with monarchsc. Suffered from lack of technological expertised. Depended upon the knowledge of the Eastern worlde. Created trade connections that increased Europe’s

gold supply

Question 31

• Under the Mongol rule in Chinaa. Japan and Vietnam were brought under Mongol

controlb. Chinese women were placed in a more

subordinate positionc. Chinese educational traditions were maintainedd. Chinese regional rulers allowed to govern e. In contrast to Chinese traditions, scholars were

despised

Question 32

• The influence of nomadic people in Eurasiaa. Created a reciprocal relationship between

nomads and settled peoples b. Ended with the Mongolsc. Delayed the interaction of global commercial

networks d. Brought efficient administration to Eurasiae. Brought increased religious intolerance to

Eurasia

Question 33

• Both the Aztecs and Incas a. Allowed women a significant role in public lifeb. Were originally nomadic peoplec. Had am egalitarian social structure d. Built on traditions of their processorse. Integrated conquered peoples into their empire

Question 34

• Aztec and Incas religion a. Restricted the worship of subject peoplesb. Stressed the personal relationship with their

gods c. Placed women in a subordinate positiond. Widely practiced human sacrifice e. Reflected the agrarian nature of their respective

societies

Question 35

• The native of North Americaa. Built empires on the scale of those of Mesoamericab. Demonstrated no signs of contact with

Mesoamerican or Andean societies or civilization c. Established tribute empiresd. Used architectural designs similar to those of

Mesoamerica e. Were known for their widespread expertise in

irrigation

Question 36

• Which of the American societies altered their environment most extensively?a. The Aztecsb. The Mississippiansc. The Toltecs d. The Incase. The Chimor

Question 37

• The Aztecs and Incan civilization differed most significantly in their a. RELGIOUS INSTITUTIONSb. TECHNOLOGICAL SKILLc. SYSTEM OF RECORDKEEPING d. SOCIAL STRUCTUREe. ECONOMIC STRUCTURE

Question 38

• Trade among the peoples of the Americasa. United the Chimor and Inca peopleb. Was most similar in the Aztec and Toltec

societiesc. Was facilitated in the Andes by geography d. Remained locale. Was discouraged by the inhabitants of

Mesoamerica

Question 39

• Which of the American peoples was closer to the Persians in their administrative style?a. The Mayansb. The Mississippiansc. The Aztecs d. The Toltecs e. The Incas

Question 40

• Both the Aztecs and Incas a. Entered into marriage for political reasonsb. Gained the cooperation of subject peoples c. Showed limited signs of urbanization d. Lacked a merchant classe. Were tribute empire

Answers

1. C2. E3. C4. E5. B6. C7. D8. A

9. C10.A11.C12.D13.D14.E15.C16.D

17.B18.D19.B20.C21.E22.D23.B24.B

25.C26.D27.C28.A29.C30.D31.D32.A

33.D34.E35.D36.A37.C38.B39.E40.E

Question 1

• C• Although the general population in India

tended to cling to Hinduism, the lower castes and the untouchables often embraced Islam because it offered them the equality that the caste system did not

Question 2

• E• The role of women changed significantly from

the early days of Islam; contacts with other peoples introduced the veiling of women and their seclusion from society, both customs absent in the early Islamic culture

Question 3

• C