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Tandayag and Bio-os Marine SanctuariesPRIDE CAMPAIGN PROJECT PLAN

Office of the GovernorEnvironment and Natural Resources Division Capitol Area, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental, Philippines

June 2011 Anabele B. Barillo1 and Job D. Tagle2

1 ENRD- Office of the Governor

2 MENRO-Municipality of Amlan

Campaign Project Plan Table of Contents(Once the project plan is complete insert page numbers for each section)

A. Executive Summary 1. Introduction - Framing the problem 2. Campaign Theory of Change: a strategy for change - Table and narrative3. Site summary4. Project team & key strategic partners

B. Social marketing profile 1. Formative Research - TWG & Stakeholder meetings consensus workshop outputs; Directed Conversations; FGD; Photo voice2. Concept Model 3. Results Chain 4. Establishing a baseline: quantitative survey 5. Understanding our audience 6. Marketing mix7. Creative brief

C. MPA Governance and Management plan (BROP)1. Abstract2. Introduction3. Objectives4. MPA profile5. Action plan6. Funding opportunities

D. Monitoring plan (In excel) SMART objectives for:KAPBR,BC,TRCR

E. Work Plan with Budget (In excel)

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F. Endorsement of this plan

G. References and Acknowledgements

H. Appendices1. Fisheries profile2. Executive Order for TWG & Mancom3. Survey Questionnaire 4. Survey results5. EcoGov MPA Effectiveness Rating 6. Letters of Support 7. Threat ranking8. Factor chain

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A. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. Introduction - Framing the problem

Philippines as the centre of the centre of global marine biodiversityScientists refer to the 7,107 islands that make up the Philippines as the “center of the center” of global marine biodiversity. Its waters are home to whales, dolphins, 50 species of sea horses and over 2,000 species fish, including the largest fish in the world, the whale shark. Marine resources are also critical to the food security and livelihoods of Filipinos, as fish provide over 50% of their protein and support the livelihoods of millions of fishers and fish-related industries throughout the country. The Philippines is located in the Coral Triangle, a vast region in Southeast Asia made up of 18,500 islands and 647 million hectares of ocean. It is often referred to as the “nursery of the seas” because of the more than 500 species of coral and hundreds of thousands of hectares of sea grass and coastal mangrove forests that shelter and sustain a level of marine diversity unmatched anywhere on the planet.

Species and Habitat under Complex ThreatsToday, however the global center of marine biodiversity is under extreme pressure. Over 40% of the reef and mangroves in the region have disappeared in the last 40 years. Near-shore overfishing is a serious threat to these natural resources, and reversing the effects will require a significant change in human behavior. Less than five percent of the Philippines’ coral reef ecosystems are still in pristine health, and in some fishing grounds, biomass is less than 10% of what it was 50 years ago. Most near-shore fishing is conducted by subsistence fishers in coastal communities although illegal intrusions by commercial fishers into municipal waters are cause for concern.

A Campaign to Transform the ContextDeveloping local approaches to addressing the threat of overfishing is increasingly recognized as vital to long-term economic and environmental sustainability in the region. The vision behind this plan, and the current cohort of 12 campaign developed under the Rare Pride Program in the Philippines, is to facilitate true community buy and ownership of the local Marine Protected Areas building on the tools developed in 20 years of experience in MPA management in the Philippines and combining it with the Rare Pride Methodology for social marketing. Through this strategy the objective is to get the local fishers population as well as the wider community in the Barangays surrounding the MPA to take ownership in and understand the benefit of no-take-areas and support essential management activities such as enforcement and governance of the MPA.

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Cohort Theory of change: a strategy for changeIn order to eliminate the principle threat of overfishing and destructive fishing the governance and enforcement infrastructures of the no-take-zone (NTZ) at 12 sites in the Philippines will be strengthened via a proven self-assessment and planning tool, the Participatory Coastal Resources Assessment tool (PCRA). Key target audiences (local fishers and gleaners; the local community, the MPA enforcement team and local LGU officials) will be informed of the benefits of the No Take Zone (NTZ), the rules of the sanctuary, and the processes for becoming more engaged in the MPA management committee. Fishers and gleaners will come to believe in MPA as a tool for food security, and will support new reporting structures for arrests and prosecution of intruders. The conservation results will include increased perceived fish catch, increases in fish numbers and species richness, increase in invertebrates, and increase in coral reef health.

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2. Tandayag and Bio-os Pride Campaign Theory of Change

Theory of Change formula:

K + A + IC + BR BC TR CRPrimary Target Audience: Fishers of Tandayag and Bio-os (Fishers= Fishermen and Gleaners) Tandayag and Bio-os fishers become aware of the benefits of the MPA and know the MPA rules about not intruding and who to report intruders to

Tandayag and Bio-os fishers believed that the MPA will benefit them if nobody intrudes to the MPA and believed that they have an important role to play by not intruding into the MPA and by reporting violators.

Tandayag and Bio-os fishers increased discussion among themselves about the benefits they get from the MPA if nobody intrudes and about the important role they have to play in reporting intruders and by not intruding in the MPA

Tandayag and Bio-os fishers get involved in MPA management meetings and activities related to the MPA

Enforcement infrastructure, reporting system, equipment and facilities need to be in place and working

Tandayag and Bio-os fishers follow the Tandayag and Bio-os MPA rules and regulations (Stop intruding) and report intrusions to enforcement the team

The excessive removal of coral reef fishes and invertebrates caused by intrusion in the MPA is decreased if not totally eliminated

Increase in coral cover, fish abundance/ biomass, invertebrates inside the MPA by 2012

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K + A + IC + BR BC TR CRSecondary Target Audience: MPA Law Enforcement Team

Tandayag and Bio-os MPA Enforcement Team know the importance of their role in ensuring an effective 24/7 guard system in order to get these benefits

Tandayag Enforcement Team believed that 24/7 guarding /patrolling system and their role are crucial in order to get the benefits of the MPA

Tandayag and Bio-os Enforcement Team would increase discussion among themselves about the importance of 24/7 guarding/patrolling system and their role in effective MPA management in order to get the benefits of the MPA

Strengthened in the enforcement of Tandayag and Bio-os MPA rules and regulations through the following:- regular meetings to review roles and protocols of enforcement team

-Introduce the logbook system

-Improve enforcement infrastructure (guardhouse and marker buoys) and materials (gasoline)

Tandayag MPA enforcement team follow the agreed 24/7 schedule of patrolling and improves coordination among Team members

Threats to Tandayag and Bio-os MPA caused by intrusion will be reduced through 95% strict enforcement of MPA rules and regulations


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K + A + IC + BR BC TR CRPrimary Target Audience: Communities of Tandayag and Bio-osTandayag and Bio-os coastal community are

- aware on the importance and benefits of their MPA

-aware on the need for MPA governance and enforcement and the significance of their participation in enforcement (reporting violations) and governance

Tandayag and Bio-os coastal community will:

- realize the importance of the MPA and develop the strong sense of ownership over it

-improved their level of trust to the enforcement team and believed they should report intrusions to them

Discussion among Tandayag / Bio-os community members is centered on the importance of their role in reporting intrusions to improve MPA enforcement and benefits

Tandayag and Bio-os community representatives get involved in MPA management meetings and contributed to informed decisions related to MPA management

Reporting system needs to be in place and working

Tandayag and Bio-os coastal communities will get involved in the governance and enforcement by actively participating in the monitoring and evaluation of their MPA, coastal clean-up, public consultations and events and become more vigilant in passing intelligence report to the enforcement team

the main threat to the biodiversity health is reduced through reporting of violations.


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K + A + IC + BR BC TR CRSecondary Target Audience: Amlan LGU EmployeesThe Amlan-LGU employees become aware of the basic concept of the MPA, the benefits of the presence of the Tandayag and Bio-os MPAs and the need to support MPA activities and promote the concept across the municipality

The Amlan-LGU employees will believed in the importance of having MPAs and want to promote the idea to other town residents and support MPA related activities

Increased discussion among Amlan-LGU employees about the importance of having the MPAs, promoting the idea to other town residents and supporting MPA related activities

Develop a program of MPA-related activities that the LGU employees can participate in

Amlan-LGU employees will be actively involved in activities related to Tandayag and Bio-os MPAs

Participate in MPA activities and promote MPA concept. For those jobs who are related to the MPA, support MPA activities through their work

Reduced fishing in Tandayag and Bio-os MPAs and Buffer Zones


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Theory of Change narrative:

To achieve the conservation results of 5% increase in coral cover and fish abundance, and 2% invertebrates inside the MPA in two years, 95% of the fishing community should be aware on the importance and benefits of their MPA and the need to enforce MPA rules and regulations. Through the 90% change in the community’s perception, 80% of the dialogue among themselves is centered at how they could be more proactive in improving MPA enforcement and governance. This dialogue will lead to 70% vigilance and reporting of intrusion in the MPA. This strengthened enforcement will consequently decrease about 65% in the removal of fish from the MPA. The Pride Campaign is fundamental in changing the behavior of the fishing community from being inactive to more proactive in the enforcement.

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3. Site summaryProject Name

Project Name Tandayag and Bio-os Pride Campaign

Project Data Effective Date 2011-06-02 Project Scope and Vision

Scope/Site Name Tandayag and Bio-os Marine Sanctuaries

Scope/Site Description Barangay Tandayag is in the municipality of Amlan, a 5th class municipality situated on the Eastern Coast of Negros Island. Amlan lies 21 kilometers North of Dumaguete City, the Provincial Capital of Negros Oriental, Central Visayas, Philippines. It is bounded to the East by Tañon Strait. It has eight (8) barangays, five of which have coastal areas while the other three are completely landlocked.

The coastal zone of Barangay Tandayag is characterized by sandy to rocky shoreline and fringing coral reefs. Tandayag has a marine sanctuary established in 1996, with a total area of 9.22 hectares, including the buffer zone.

There are 142 fish species, with a mean total reef fish density of 2307/500m2 and a mean total reef fish biomass of 42.3 kg/ 500m2 (Stockwell 2007).

Overfishing, due to the intrusion of commercial fishers in the municipal waters, resulted to declining fish catch affecting the 431 fishermen who are mainly dependent on the coastal resources.

Vision Statement Text A well-informed, responsible and committed Tandayag and Bio-os fishing communities capable of sustaining learned behavior to achieve the increased in live coral cover and fish biomass for a long-term conservation benefits.

Biodiversity Features

Biodiversity Area The Marine Protected Area of Tandayag has a total area of 9.22 hectares including the buffer zone (core zone is 6 hectares). It is within the municipal waters of 24.5 hectares (7km coastline and 3.5 km drawn perpendicular)

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Biodiversity Background 1.1. 142 fish species, mean total reef fish density 2307/500m2 mean total reef fish biomass 42.3 kg/ 500m2 ,mean top

predatory reef fish biomass 6.2 kg/ 500m2 (Stockwell 2007)

Coral cover for the Tandayag marine sanctuary was low along the reef slope and moderate in the shallows along the reef flat. Both habitats had large amounts of sand, which is typical of patch reefs along the coastline of Negros Oriental. The low levels of rubble indicate little if any damage from blasting or storms. However, the relatively high amount of dead coral with algae (DCA) along the flat is a bit alarming. DCA is the result of recently killed coral that has been colonized by algae. This may be the result of a disturbance such as crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS), disease, or the absence of herbivores in the reef. Coral cover it not likely to increase drastically over the years due the lack of appropriate hard substrate for the corals to colonize (Stockwell 2007).

2.1. Stockwell, Brian, Jadloc, Claro Renato, Maypa, Jasper P. and Portia Nillos-Kleiven. 2007. Preliminary Report: Biophysical Survey of Coral Reefs in Amlan, Negros Oriental. Silliman University Angelo King Center for Research and Environmental Management (SUAKCREM), Silliman University, Dumaguete City, 6200

2.2. Results of the PCRA showed that live hard coral cover in the Tandayag marine reserve was at 28%. Sand (23%) and rubble (16%) were the other major substrate types. (Amlan PCRA 2007) Method used: point intercept

2.3. 1996 Fish Count (1995 survey by CEMRINO)Fish composition- 106 species of reef fish of 6,438 individuals (1500m2)Average live coral cover 30-50% (whole Tandayag area, method 14 manta tows)Video tapes- first results indicated good live coral cover to a water depth of 5-7 m. In deeper areas (15-20), live coral cover decreased rapidly with sand being the predominant substrate type. A quantitative assessment of the 5 video transects indicated a live coral cover of 22%.

2.4. The municipality of Amlan has a total of 23 mangrove and associated species which can be found in Barangay Tandayag (which has 8 species) and Bio-os (17 species) (p.53 Citation: Yambao, A.C., A.T. White, W.E. Ablong and M.R. Alcala. 2001. Coastal Environmental Profile of Negros Oriental, Philippines. Coastal Resource Management Project, Cebu City, Philippines, 107p.

3.0. Vegetation Types

In the coastal area:

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Mangroves species:

Rhizophora, Sonneratia, Avicennia species, Nypa fruticans

Protected Area Information

Protected Area Categories Category V: Protected SeascapeCategory VI: Managed Resource Protected Area

Legal Status Apart from being established as the Marine Protected Area under Ordinance No. 03, S. 2007, Tandayag and Bio-os are also within the Tañon Strait, a protected seascape under Presidential Proclamation No. 1234. The legal steps for the Tañon Strait did not reach Congressional Action though.

Legislative Context Hard Enforcement: 1. Tandayag Marine Sanctuary-Legally established through the Municipal Ordinance No. 02, Series of 1996. 2. Bio-os Marine Sanctuary- Municipal Ordinance No. 21, Series of 1999.

Municipal Ordinance No. 03, Series of 2007: A Comprehensive Municipal Ordinance for the Sustainable Development, Management, Conservation and Protection of the Municipal Waters and its Coastal and Fishery Resources, Harmonizing and Integrating All Ordinances Pertinent thereto and for other purposes., otherwise known as “Amlan Comprehensive Coastal Resource Management Ordinance.”

Physical Description Only a very small portion of the total land area of the municipality is flat. Except for plains along the coastline, the terrain of the municipality is generally hilly and mountainous. There is, therefore a tendency of the soil to be carried down by the water during heavy rains. The silting of waterways, channels, roads and harbors evidenced this. Improper farming practices and indiscriminate cutting of trees on the mountainsides can further aggravate the erosion problem. The coastal area of Tandayag is characterized by fringing reef and sandy to rocky shoreline. Coral cover in the Tandayag marine sanctuary was low along the reef slope and moderate in the shallows along the reef flat. Both habitats had large amounts of sand, which is typical of patch reefs along the coastline of Negros Oriental.

Bio-os shoreline is sand

Biological Description Tandayag MPA- fringing reef

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Bio-os MPA – Offshore reef

Socio-Economic Information Among the notable industrial institutions of Amlan are the oil depots of Caltex Philippines, Shell Philippines, and Petron. It has also the Tandayag Port, which is accessible by small boats coming from Cebu. The National Power Corporation has the control power system for the primary lines supplying the Negros Island, Cebu and Panay Island, and also maintains a hydro-electric plant in Amlan.

The total commercial land use in the Urban Area is 34.48 hectares. The town is very poor in commerce and trade, in spite of its Tandayag wharf and industries which support its commercial activities.

Most of the fishermen in Tandayag and Bio-os depend entirely on fishing for their livelihood. Others have part time job like, carpentry, labor work and farming during off season for fishing. Some of the fishermen who are Bantay Dagat members could also earn through their honoraria given to them by the local government unit and the Barangay.

Historical Description The marine protected areas of Tandayag and Bio-os were established in 1996 and 1999, respectively by the Local Government Unit, through the initiative of the Center for the Establishment of Marine Protected Areas in Negros Oriental (CEMRINO), a European Union Funded NGO and the German Development Service and in partnership with the Provincial Government of Negros Oriental and the local government unit of Amlan and the support of the Barangay Council of Tandayag and Bio-os.

Cultural Description The town observes its annual fiesta every 30th of November, the Patron Saint being St. Andrew. On that day, all roads lead to the municipality, as it is a National Holiday, being Andres Bonifacio Day. On the other hand, the town can equal if not excel other municipalities in social as well as in cultural affairs. Modesty aside, Amlan has been chosen as the cleanest and greenest town of the Oriental Negros and certified healthy municipality by the Regional Health Office. The most popular activity in the barangay is the celebration of fiestas. Barangay Tandayag celebrates its annual fiesta every June 29 in honor of Saints Peter and Paul. Sitio Cooton also celebrates fiesta every March 15 and Upper Tandayag celebrates fiesta every April 18. Almost all Tandayaganons celebrate the annual town fiesta every November 30.

Access Information The Tandayag marine sanctuary is in proximity to the provincial highway. Visitors could walk about 300 meters from the highway.

Barangay Tandayag is traversed by the National road which links the two Negros Provinces. Passenger vehicles plying the Dumaguete to Bacolod route, Dumaguete-Mabinay-Kabankalan, Dumaguete-Bais, Dumaguete-Guihulngan routes

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and the north bound route pass by Barangay Tandayag at regular route which is 19 kilometers from Dumaguete City. A number of jeepneys also ply the Amlan-Dumaguete route.Tricyles, jeepneys, motorcycles, bicycles, are the common means of transportation for inftro-municipal travel. The interior portion of the barangay can be passed through the farm to market road.The Tandayag Wharf in the southern portion of this barangay serves as the gateway to Cebu. Ferry boats for inter-island transfer are available from early in the morning till late in the afternoon.

Visitation Information Because of its fine beaches, Amlan boasts a lucrative domestic tourism industry. The more popular beachfronts are Greenhouse, Dalisay, Bomediano, and Baguio Beach in Mag-abo.

As part of the CRM program, Amlan also endeavors to increase local and international tourism by promoting diving and snorkeling in its municipal waters.

Amlan also boasts for its beautiful waterfalls, rivers, hiking areas and mountain biking trails that could be sustainably developed and promoted as eco-tourism destinations.

Current uses of the MPA and adjacent coastline

The total land area of the barangay is 524 hectares, eighteen point eighteen percent (18.18%) is coastal, forty five point six percent ( 45.6 % ) is plain and thirty point thirty six percent ( 30.36 ) is mountainous. Of these terrain characteristics, 19.29 hectares are for residential, .69 has. Is for commercial, .21 has. are for industrial, 1.39 has. For institutional and 502.42 has. Is for agricultural (MPDO Amlan).

Management Resources The management of Tandayag MPA is currently under the supervision of the Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office (MENRO) through its deputized Bantay Dagat or Fish Wardens

IUCN Red-list Species

Red-List Species 1) Marine TurtleChelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758) English Name: Green turtle

Red List Category and Criteria: Endangered A2bd ver 3.1

Green turtles, like other sea turtle species, are particularly susceptible to population declines because of their vulnerability to anthropogenic impacts during all life-stages: from eggs to adults. Perhaps the most detrimental human

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http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/static/categories_criteria_3_1

threats to green turtles are the intentional harvests of eggs and adults from nesting beaches and juveniles and adults from foraging grounds. Unfortunately, harvest remains legal in several countries despite substantial subpopulation declines (e.g., Humphrey and Salm 1996, Fleming 2001, Fretey 2001). In addition, a number of incidental threats impact green turtles around the world. These threats affect both terrestrial and marine environments, and include bycatch in marine fisheries, habitat degradation at nesting beaches and feeding areas, and disease. Mortality associated with entanglement in marine fisheries is the primary incidental threat; the responsible fishing techniques include drift netting, shrimp trawling, dynamite fishing, and long-lining. Degradation of both nesting beach habitat and marine habitats also play a role in the decline of many Green Turtle stocks. Nesting habitat degradation results from the construction of buildings, beach armoring and re-nourishment, and/or sand extraction (Lutcavage et al. 1997). These factors may directly, through loss of beach habitat, or indirectly, through changing thermal profiles and increasing erosion, serve to decrease the quantity and quality of nesting area available to females, and may evoke a change in the natural behaviors of adults and hatchlings (Ackerman 1997). The presence of lights on or adjacent to nesting beaches alters the behavior of nesting adults (Witherington 1992) and is often fatal to emerging hatchlings as they are attracted to light sources and drawn away from the water (Witherington and Bjorndal 1990). Habitat degradation in the marine environment results from increased effluent and contamination from coastal development, construction of marinas, increased boat traffic, and harvest of nearshore marine algae resources. Combined, these impacts diminish the health of coastal marine ecosystems and may, in turn, adversely affect green turtles. For example, degradation of marine habitats has been implicated in the increasing prevalence of the tumor-causing Fibropapilloma disease (George 1997). (August 23, 2010) http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/4615/0

Other Notable Species

Other Notable Species Groupers (Epinephelus miniata, Cephalopholis sp.); Rabbitfishes (Siganus guttatus); Fusiliers (Caesio cuning); Butterflyfishes (Chaetodon sp.); Snappers (Lutjanus monostigma); Parrotfishes (Scarus sp.)

Location and Topography

MPA Latitude 9° 26’ (minutes) 32.55” east

MPA Longitude 123°13’ (minutes) 22.98“ north

Country Philippines

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http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/4615/0

States/Provinces Negros Oriental

Municipalities Amlan

Legislative Districts District II

Location Details Barangay Tandayag is situated 1.6 km. south of Barangay Poblacion and 19.4 kms. away from the Provincial Capitol. It is bounded on the north by Barangay Poblacion, on the south th the Tañon Strait, on the west by Barangay Siapo and on the south by Barangay Tampi of San Jose.

Site Map Reference http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&source=s_d&saddr=Amlan,+Negros+Oriental,+Philippines&daddr=&hl=en&geocode=&mra=ls&sll=9.444363,123.18013&sspn=0.184236,0.338173&ie=UTF8&t=h&z=12&iwloc=

Comments Any additional information about your site’s location that has not been included above, but you think you will need to be included in your site summary.

Human Stakeholders

Human Stakeholder Population Size

22,173

Social Context The municipality of Amlan is comprised of eight (8) barangays, five (5) of which are coastal. The total population of the entire municipality is 22,173.

Rare Pride Campaign

Threats addressed by campaign Threats impacting the MPA NTZ that campaign will address; include IUCN categoriesOther threats at site Include other threats not addressed by campaign that may impact the NTZ; leave blank if not

applicableNumber of communities in campaign area Fishermen and gleanersTarget audiences TA 1.A (Fishers, Tandayag -120) Fishers=Fishermen and Gleaners

TA 1.B (Fishers, Bio-os – 70) TA 2 (Enforcement Team-55)TA 3.A (Tandayag Community- 4,000)

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TA 3.B (Bio-os Community – 3,000) BC- TA 4 (Amlan-236) LGU Employees=206, TWG members=30)

Biodiversity area (ha) Tandayag 6.58; Bio-os 8.87Habitat Coral Reefs Biodiversity hotspot(s) Coral triangleFlagship species common name Red Grouper (locally known as Lapu-lapu)Flagship species scientific name Epinephelus miniataFlagship species details (<200 words) This species was chosen because this is a high-valued species found in the marine sanctuaries

of Tandayag and Bio-os and this needs protection since its population is declining. Campaign ambassador Kuya Kim is a TV personality who became famous in his love of animals. He has a TV Program

named “Batang Lawin” – about animals. Cohort ambassador

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4. Project team and stakeholders

Lead Agency and Pride Conservation Fellow

#Name Position Organization Contact details Role in relation to campaign

1 TEVES, MERCY Division Chief ENRD-Office of the Governor

[email protected]/ +63 (35) 225-5563

Pride Campaign Supervisor/ Project Leader

2 BARILLO, ANABELE CRM Technical Staff

ENRD-Office of the Governor

[email protected] Pride Conservation Fellow

3 DE LA PENA, JOAQUINSection Chief

ENRD-Office of the Governor 0920-429-1314 Campaign Advisor

4 AMARO, LUCENASection Chief

ENRD-Office of the Governor 0949.170.2866 Alternate Campaign Supervisor

5 BARILLO, MANRIC Provincial CRM Coordinator

ENRD-Office of the Governor 0905-975-8118 Pride Campaign TWG Member, Provides assistance

in workshops and planning6 RAMIREZ, MARIA

VICTORIADistrict Operation Supervisor

ENRD-Office of the Governor 0926.534.1946 Pride Campaign TWG Member, Key contact to

Barangay Council

7 AGUILAR, REYField Worker

ENRD-Office of the Governor 0926.602.8259 Pride Campaign TWG Member, Key contact to

Church

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mailto:[email protected]



Strategic partners/key stakeholders

#Name Position Organization Contact details Role in relation to campaign

1 DE LA CRUZ, BENTHAM Municipal Mayor LGU-Amlan +63 (35) 417-0694 Key in the success of Pride Campaign implementation

2 TAGLE, JOB

MENRO-designate

Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office (MENRO)-Amlan

0917-314-3299/+63 (35) 417-0694 loc. 114

Pride Campaign TWG member; Community mobilization, Supervise Coastal Law enforcement

3 ABIERRAMAO

Municipal Agriculture Office (MAO)

Pride Campaign TWG member; MPA planning, Provides technical assistance (Livelihood- Barrier Removal)

4 SILORIO, GEOFFREYDepartment Head

Municipal Planning and Development Office

+63 (35) 417.0694 loc. 102

Pride Campaign TWG member ; Gives advice in MPA planning, Ensures budget allocation for Pride Campaign

During the planning phase of the campaign a Technical Working Group (TWG) and a management Committee (ManCom) were formed/ strengthened to help support the governance and management of the MPA. Please refer to the MPA Governance and Management Plan (Section C of this document) for further details and composition of these two bodies.

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B. SOCIAL MARKETING PROFILEThe planning work conducted was ground-truthed with a range of key stakeholders and experts through stakeholder meetings, focus group discussions and one-on-one interviews. These helped to build a composite portrait of the campaign target audiences, and design the quantitative survey (Section B4 and Appendix H) which was subsequently carried out across the campaign target area. The quantitative survey will both help us understand our primary audiences and allow us to establish a baseline for measuring change after the Pride campaign.

The formative research section below aims to provide a record of all qualitative research conducted, people spoken to and key outputs. The sequences in which the results of the formative research are presented here do not necessarily correspond to the chronology in which the data was collected, and in some cases, multiple iterations of the research, such as directed conversations with target audiences, were required.

1. Formative researchInclude a record of all qualitative research conducted, people spoken to and key outputs. At a minimum this section should include a list of all experts and key stakeholders spoken to and key findings from the conversations. Also include key outputs from the consensus workshop and vote on benefits at your TWG and stakeholder meeting.

Directed Conversations with Experts:

1. Claro Renato L. Jadloc – Master of Science in Biology/ Researcher, Silliman University Angelo King Center for Research and Environmental Management (SUAKCREM) Jan. 11, 2011

a. What do you think is the best tool to address marine biodiversity threats, specifically on coral reefs and fish biomass? - Marine Reserves seems the only viable option in developed nations like ours. Conventional management practices for fisheries are either impractical or difficult to implement. Marine Reserves have been shown to prevent overfishing. As part of strategy, there is a need to do some efforts to look for alternative livelihood for fishers to decrease exploitation pressure in the sea.

In the case of conservation, holistic approach is also important, especially in reducing upland siltation which caused a substantial impact to the marine biodiversity health.

b. Since you have done some research in Tandayag Marine Sanctuary, what can you say about its current size and what are your thoughts about the viability of expanding or increasing the size? - The rule of thumb, as many would say, 20% of the whole reef area should set aside for MPA. Of course the size would matter in terms of recovery; however, we should also consider the fishermen’s fishing ground.

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As to the viability, the southern part can still be increased up to 150 meters. At the northern part, right after the protected area, it’s mostly sandy, but I do not know if there are still patches of reefs after that sandy area.

In a perfect world, it is good to increase the size. However, this does not seem the situation in this world. Compromise comes into play; we have to consider the stakeholders.c. Since, you are familiar with the area in Tandayag after having conducted research in 2002, 2007 and 2008, what marine organisms have seen unique in the area that could be considered a flagship species for the Rare Pride Campaig?- Well, I have seen a baby black tip shark. However, this may not be a good flagship species considering that most fishermen, as you we know them, don’t like a shark as they think of it as their competitor. The area has large predators like groupers, snapper and emperors that could be considered as your flagship species. Bryan and I saw a large school of fish of various species forming like a rock wall in one of our dives before.

d. How do think could the benefits of MPA in both sites (Bio-os and Tandayag) be increased?- Promote tourism. Though tourism in the area is already starting, the LGU has to package well to invite more tourists to the area.

e. How would you compare enforcement at the near shore MPA to the offshore one? - It is more difficult to enforce in the offshore marine reserves, however, it really depends on the support of the LGU in terms of funding and logistics and the level of community acceptance. Enforcement efforts will be lesser if there is community acceptance to the establishment of the marine reserve.

2. Rene A. Abesamis – James Cook University, Townsville, Australia

a. What are your views about MPAs? – Mechanism to bring back what is lost. MPAs will take a long time to reach certain levels to how they were 25-35 years ago. The good thing about MPAs is that they potentially subsidize through larval distribution to the fishes. There is no high amount of evidence that would show where a particular larvae came from.

b. Do you think MPA is the best option for habitat management? – It is the best, but should not be the only option.

c. What are your thoughts on the participation of community in MPA enforcement? – The community should always be there, however, we can’t demand it.

-If all MPAs are well protected (e.g. >20 years) , recruitment to fished areas may increase by >250% (3.5 times).

Directed Conversations with Stakeholders:

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Job D. Tagle, MENRO-Designate, Amlan (Nov. 23, 2010)a. I know that enforcement is going on for both Tandayag and Bio-os MPAs, do you think we still consider enforcement team as one of our target audiences for this Rare Pride campaign? Yes. I would still like to include the enforcement team because we would like to adopt a very good enforcement system. Right now, there are still fishermen who can intrude in both of the MPAs.

Dionaldo Omole, Former PO President of Tandayag MPA; became the Barangay Captain in the Village; and now is absorbed by the LGU as MENRO staff (Jan 05, 2011): a. Do coastal communities understand the purpose of the MPA in Tandayag?- Yes. But there are some people who would just intentionally get inside the MPA.b. Do nearby communities participate in the MPA activities or enforcement? - No. People would just say that enforcement is the work of the Bantay Dagat.

c. What do you think of increasing the MPA size?- It’s good to increase the size at the northern and southern boundaries rather than towards offshore because it is where most fishermen fish.

Directed Conversations with Fishers

TWG Meeting-

- One hundred percent (100%) of the participants agreed that they have received the benefits of the marine protected area (MPA) they have enumerated. For the focus question on how to improve the benefits of the MPA, the participants identified four major strategies which include sufficient allocation of funds, strengthening enforcement, continuous education/ campaign and MPA expansion (increasing the size of the MPA).

-- During the ORID, the participants expressed that they have really expected all the answers, except for one which is the development of supplemental

livelihood. And according to them, all the strategies are doable.-- The awareness and the need to pursue with the Pride campaign lingered around the participants thoughts as they viewed the Rare video and the Pride

campaigns in other countries.

Outcome of the Consensus Workshop:

1. MPA Advocacy-behavioral change as the end result-continuous campaign/ education

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-community mobilization

2. MPA Sufficient Funding-employ CRM sustainable programs/ activities-complete things for implementing-develop supplemental livelihood

3. MPA Law Enforcement-strengthened law enforcement-intensify CRM ordinance-strict implementation of CRM ordinance-vigilant monitoring of MPA-additional Bantay Dagat

4. MPA Expansion-increase MPA area-MPA expansion

5. Functional Marine Sanctuary Management Council

All attendees of TWG and stakeholder meetings

Further you can include here:- Outputs from Focus Group Discussions

- Any other relevant qualitative research

Key stakeholders:

1. Mr. Marion Aragon (DENR / CENRO)2. Dr. Leonardo Aro or his representative (BFAR)3. Mr. Silorio (Church)4. Kimberly de la Cruz (SK Federation / Youth Sector)5. Demetrio Larena III (Resort Owner)

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6. Basilica Cuevas (Business Owner)7. Fish Vendor representative8. Solomon Rendal (MFARMC Representative)9. Ms. Virgelia (Barangay Health Worker)10. Sergio Cuevas (PO President, Fishermen’s Association, Tandayag)11. Jose Anthony (PO President, Fishermen’s Association, Bio-os)12. Josephine A. (School Head, Tandayag Elementary School)13. Bienvenido Zerna (School Head, Bio-os Elementary School)14. Adam Granada (Bantay Dagat, TWG member)15. Jolito (Bantay Dagat)16. Anton (Bantay Dagat)17. Hon. Carlo Angelo Buscato and his 8 Barangay Council members (Tandayag)18. Hon. Emelyn Rosales and his 8 Barangay Council members (Bio-os)19. Chief Barangay Tanod of Tandayag (to be identified)20. Chief Barangay Tanod of Bio-os (to be identified)

2.Concept ModelAfter the series of workshops and validations with several marine resource management experts, a concept model was developed illustrating the conservation target, indirect threats and contributing factors of Tandayag and Bio-os Marine Sanctuaries. The model was created using the Miradi software. Miradi is being developed to assist conservation practitioners in going through the adaptive management process outlined in the Conservation Measure’s Partnership’s Open Standards for the Practice of Conservation (www.miradi.org). It entails a standardized nomenclature and threat taxonomy developed by the IUCN.

The following chart is what the Tandayag and Bio-os Marine Sanctuaries concept models look like once all of the direct and contributing factors to these have been inputted.

The connecting arrows highlight the relationship between the factors and how they impact different targets in Tandayag and Bio-os NTZ.

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3 Threat Analysis, a. Factor ChainThe key conservation components of Tandayag and Bio-os Marine Sanctuaries can be divided into three key “targets” (reef fishes, live corals and coral reef associated invertebrates). Each of these targets is threatened by a complex of one or more direct threats. Four direct threats were identified, three of which can be attributed directly to human activities, while one (increase sea water temperature) can be indirect outcomes of human activities and constitute natural fluctuation of the earth’s lifecycle.

The four threats faced by Tandayag and Bio-os Marine Sanctuaries are:1. Overfishing (which leads to reduction in reproductive stock, significant reduction in fisheries productivitiy)2. Entanglement of plastics and other tidal debris in coral reefs3. Gleaning 4. Coral bleaching (due to increase sea water temperature)

The main driving forces behind these threats are the fact that there are too many fishers in Tandayag and Bio-os as the marine resources are essentially considered an open access for all. A certain regulation, giving preferential rights to marginal fishers in these two localities, is in already place. Fishers from other neighboring towns are still allowed to fish provided that they only use hook and line and should secure permit from the host municipality.

There are a number of factors contributing to a somehow “poor” management of marine resources and enforcement in Tandayag and Bio-os marine sanctuary regulations. These include lack of involvement of community in MPA related activities and enforcement (passing intelligence report of intrusions).

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3b Threat Analysis, Threat Ranking Using the Concept Model created through a series of consultations with the marine resource management experts, local resource users and the MENRO of Amlan, the direct threats were ranked in Miradi Software. These threats were also identified during the consultations.

This ranking serves to:1) Identify the highest rank “target” (coral reef and associated macro-invertebrates)2) Identify the highest rank “threat” that impact this target (overfishing and gleaning)

Scope, Severity and Irreversibility

Each threat is ranked by Scope, Severity and Irreversibility against each target using the following scoring guide:

A. Scope (Area)

Very high: The threat is likely to be pervasive in its scope, affecting the conservation target across all or most (71%-100%) of its occurrence/population. High: The threat is likely to be widespread in its scope, affecting the conservation target across much (31%-70%) of its occurrence/population. Medium: The threat is likely to be restricted in its scope, affecting the conservation target across some (11%-30%) of its occurrence/population. Low: The threat is likely to be very narrow in its scope, affecting the conservation target across a small proportion (1%-10%) of its occurrence/population.

B. Severity

Very high: Within the scope, the threat is likely to destroy or eliminate the conservation target, or reduce its population by 71%-100% within ten years or three generations.

High: Within the scope, the threat is likely to seriously degrade/reduce the conservation target, or reduce its population by 31%-70% within ten years or three generations.

Medium: Within the scope, the threat is likely to moderately degrade/ reduce the conservation target, or reduce its population by 11%-30% within ten years or three generations.

Low: Within the scope, the threat is likely to only slightly degrade/reduce the conservation target, or reduce its population by 1%-10% within ten years or three generations.

C. Irreversibility (Permanence)

Very high: The effects of the threat cannot be reversed and it is very unlikely the conservation target can be restored, and/or it would take more than 100 years to achieve this (e.g., wetlands converted to a shopping center or a species going extinct).

High: The effects of the threat can technically be reversed and the conservation target restored, but it is not practically affordable and/or it would take 21-100

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years to achieve this (e.g., wetland converted to agriculture). Medium: The effects of the threat can be reversed and the conservation target restored with a reasonable commitment of resources and/or within 6-20 years

(e.g., ditching and draining of wetland). Low: The effects of the threat are easily reversible and the conservation target can be easily restored at a relatively low cost and/or within 0-5 years (e.g., off-

road vehicles trespassing in wetland).

Miradi software automatically captures the targets from the Concept Model showing it along the “X” axis with the direct threats aligned on the “Y” axis. The following is the threat ranking for the direct threats and conservation target identified for Tandayag and Bio-os Marine Sanctuaries. As shown in the Threat ranking Table, the summary target rating overfishing ranked very high, followed by coral bleaching, and gleaning. Entanglement of plastic and other tidal debris ranked the lowest. Reef fishes and live corals are equally affected by overfishing.

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Threat Ratings

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4. Results Chain

The campaign’s proposed approach can be represented as four results chain, one for each audience to be targeted. Include a copy of your result chains, one for each TA, and briefly explain the desired behavior change for each. (Reference p 51 Serena, p 43 Lola)

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The basis for building the above results chains was the concept model illustrated in section B2 as well as the threat ranking and factor chains included that were subsequently developed in consultation with partners and stakeholders ( see Appendix H7 and H8). The threat ranking helped identify the priority threat to be addressed by the campaign, based on scope, severity and irreversibility of the threat at the site. The factor chains subsequently served to illustrate the causal sequence of factors that lie behind the primary threat and the target groups that the campaign needs to reach to address the threat. The result chains illustrate the results required to achieve the campaign’s desired goals and aim to constitute a road map for changes the campaign would like to bring about for each target audience. The result chains were also used as a foundation for developing the campaign quantitative survey and obtaining the information1 that would be required to design effective social marketing and behavior change interventions for the campaign.

1

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5. Establishing a Baseline: Quantitative surveyAfter conducting qualitative research the Environment and Natural Resources Division-Office of the Governor in partnership with the Local Government Unit of Amlan conducted a quantitative survey of adults living in Tandayag and Bio-os. This pre-campaign survey was conducted in February and March 2011 to gain a better understanding of the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of the target audiences in relation to the MPA and desired behavior changes as well as to establish a baseline for measuring the impact of the campaign on these audiences through the campaign. The results from the KAP survey are the basis for the creation of SMART objectives relating to the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) components of the campaign’s Theory-of-Change (ToC).

A second post campaign survey will be conducted at the end of one year of the campaign activities being implemented in May 2009 to measure any change in these KAP variables in order to assess the level of attainment of the SMART objectives. A full description of the results can be found in the Project Plan Appendix F4.

The following table summarizes the number of people interviewed and the geographical distribution of the survey.

Geographic scope of survey

Define geographic scope of survey and include a map showing area surveyed

Survey target audiences and sample size

A. Define geographic scope of survey and include a map showing area included in survey map of Tandayag with streets Map of Bio-os Amlan LGU building location

Also include:

flagship sp pictures map of MPA (not showing NTZ)

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map of area adjacent to NTZ questionnaire final word version in Cebuano answer sheet

B. Sample size calculation

N of people Sample size at95%CL and 3%CI

Sample size at95%CL and 5%CI

Final sample size choice

TA 1.A (Fishers, Tandayag -120) BC- Stop intrusion and intelligence collection (Fishermen and Gleaners)

--- --- 120

TA 1.B (Fishers, Bio-os – 70) Stop intrusion and intelligence collection (Fishermen and Gleaners) - - 70TA 2 (Enforcement Team-55)BC- Full time MPA law enforcement: 25 PO(People’s organization) + 2 Bantay Dagat in Bio-os3 Bantay Dagat Tandayag (+20 PO not functioning)2 Menro staff (3rd is part of survey planning)3 Police officersBC: make 24/7 enforcement happen

- - 55

TA 3.A (Tandayag Community- 4,000)BC- provide information on intrusions (&Support MPA activities: coastal clean ups, public consultations and events)

843 351 351

TA 3.B (Bio-os Community – 3,000) BC- provide information on intrusions (&Support MPA activities: coastal clean ups, public consultations and events)

787 341 341

TA 4 (Amlan-236 LGU Employees-206, TWG members-30)BC Town members to develop pride of local MPAs by participating in activities related to the Tandayag and Bio-os MPA and promote the MPA concept throughout the municipality. For those whose job is related to MPA, support MPA activities through their work.

193 146 146

Total 608 1083

C. Sampling methodology

TA1 (Fishermen) TA2 (Enforcement Team) TA3 (Community) TA4 (LGU employees)

Stratified sampling

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Geographic scope of survey

N of people in listed locality

N of TA1a in locality

sample size for TA1b in locality

sample size for TA in locality N of TA3a in locality

N of TA3b in locality

sample size for TA in locality

sample size for TA in locality

Barangay Tandayag 4,000 90 23 4,000 351

Barangay Bio-os 3,000 70 27 3,000 341

Amlan (LGU only) 236 5 146TOTAL 7,000 160 55 7,000 692

Respondent selection method -Interview all (see list of fishermen, annex)

-Interview all (see list of fishermen, annex)

25 PO (People’s organization) + 2 Bantay Dagat in Bio-os3 Bantay Dagat Tandayag (+20 PO not functioning)2 Menro staff (3rd is part of survey planning)3 Police officers

Random:One person every two households, all streets, same number of male and female (if less than 700 houses in Tandayag and Bio-os then add remaining people from houses not yet visited)

Every office, interview whoever is there. Make sure you get at least 3 people from each office. Include everyone from higher to lower staff. (Roughly 10 departments so 14 people per department)

Survey planning

Total survey sample size 1,083Time for enumerator to do one survey 40 minsN of hrs enumerator works a day 8 hrsN of surveys one enumerator can do a day 12N of enumerators available 23N of surveys done a day by total n of enumerators 276N of days needed to do survey 4 daysAdditional days needed for travel if any 0

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Contingency days 2TOTAL No. of Days Needed 6 (+2 for enumerator training)Dates for training of enumerators & final survey testing Feb. 16-17 Beginning and end date of survey Feb. 21-25N of people available to do data entry (train 4 from the enumerators, 1 person on rotation basis)

1 (on rotation 8 hr a day) – 14 days112 hr of data entry (9 surveys per hr)

Beginning date of data entry Feb. 22Date of completion of data entry Mar. 14

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6. Understanding our audience

TA1 - PRIMARY AUDIENCE – FISHERS (data from quantitative and qualitative research conducted for this campaign, see Appendix H4

What do we know about this group?

Fishers of Tandayag and Bio-os are dependent on fishing as their main source of livelihood. Most of them go fishing twice a day 4:00 A.M. and 5:00 P.M. During lean months, some would look for other sources of income through farming and construction work. Fishers used a traditional method of fishing such as single- and multiple- hook and line, though the latter is already modified. In Tandayag, only few fishers live nearby MPA, most of them have to walk about half kilometer to their respective residents. They are using non-motorized boats. The fishers in Bio-os mostly live near the shoreline. Most of them are using motorized boats.

KnowledgeThe knowledge of fishers about the MPA benefits and who to report intrusions to in the NTZ, are relatively high: -About 76 % of Tandayag fishers and 56% of Bio-os fishers could name at least one benefit of having a NTZ nearby. -95% of Tandayag fishers and 96% of Bio-os fishers know who to report to if someone has broken the rules and regulations of Tandayag/Bio-os Marine Sanctuary (Local Police, Bantay Dagat, MENRO or Barangay Captain)

AttitudeAbout 66% of Tandayag fishers and 56% of Bio-os fishers agree that there are MPA benefits. 49% of Tandayag fishers and 63% of Bio-os fishers agree that Tandayag and Bio-os MPA rules and regulations need to be followed by all people.

-70% of Tandayag fishers said that it is easy for them to report intrusions in theTandayag Marine Sanctuary to the Enforcement Team

Practice-55% of Tandayag fishers would like to be involved in any Tandayag MPA-related activities-54% of Bio-os fishers would like to be involved in any Bio-os MPA-related activities

IC

Trusted sourcesAbout 73% of Tandayag fishers and 51% of Bio-os fishers said that the Bantay Dagat is very trustworthy or most trustworthy as source of information. The Barangay Captains in both Tandayag and Bio-os are also very trustworthy or most trustworthy persons according to 82% of Tandayag fishers and 72% of Bio-os fishers. Approximately 65% and 73% of Tandayag and Bio-os fishers said that MENRO is very trustworthy or most trustworthy.

Media sourcesThe preferred media sources of Fishers in both Tandayag and Bio-os are classic oldies, with 61% and 76% of responses, respectively; Local News 61% and 69%; Religious program 52% and 62%. 43% of Tandayag fishers have no particular time in watching TV. 44% of Bio-os fishers don’t watch TV

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Preferred TV Station: ABC-CBN (Tandayag fishers=69%, Bio-os fishers=31%)Any other relevant information

61% of Tandayag fishers like a lot or like the most the “Budyas Festival” being celebrated in Tandayag every June 29.

Comments Any other comments by others about this TA

TA3 - PRIMARY AUDIENCE – Local Community (data from quantitative and qualitative research conducted for this campaign, see Appendix H4


The communities know the existence of the MPA but don’t bother to participate in any MPA-related activities.

KnowledgeApproximately 52% and 30% of Tandayag and Bio-os community respectively, could name at least one benefit of having a NTZ nearby.

-86% of Tandayag community and 88% of Bio-os community know who to report to if someone has broken the rules and regulations of Tandayag and Bio-os Marine Sanctuary.

Attitude47% of Tandayag and 25% of Bio-os community members believed that there are benefits to them for having a no-take zone nearby.

Practice25% of Tandayag community and 8% Bio-os community would like to be involved in activities related to their respective MPAs.

IC

Trusted sources41% and 46% of Tandayag and Bio-os community said that Bantay Dagat is very trustworthy or most trustworthy as the source of information. About 61% and 57% of Tandayag and Bio-os community said that MENRO is very trustworthy or most trustworthy source of information. 54% and 77% of the Tandayag and Bio-os community members said that their Barangay Captains are very trustworthy and most trustworthy.

Media sourcesThe MPA Enforcement Team either like a lot or like the most the classic oldies (80%), local news (64%) and religious program (62%).Preferred TV station: ABS-CBN (Tandayag community=66%, Bio-os community=30%)

Any other relevant information

Summarize the most important findings from your quantitative survey in this table


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TA2 - SECONDARY AUDIENCE – MPA Enforcement Team (data from quantitative and qualitative research conducted for this campaign, see Appendix H4


The MPA Enforcement Team includes the Bantay Dagat members who are fishers themselves, Police Officer and two MENRO staff. The Bantay Dagat does the guarding, while the rest of the team members would only join during apprehensions.

KnowledgeAbout 84% of Enforcement Team could name at least one MPA benefit.

AttitudeThere was about 85% of the MPA Enforcement Team who believed that there are benefits of having a no-take zone to the nearby community.

Practice-41% and 37% of MPA Enforcement Team would like to be involved in any Tandayag and Bio-os MPA-related activities

IC

Trusted sources 85% of MPA Enforcement Team said that Local Government Environment Officials are most or very trustworthy86% for the Barangay Captain and 80% for the MENRO

Media sourcesClassic oldies: 80%Local news: 64%Religious program: 62%Preferred TV station: ABS-CBN (69%)




TA4 - SECONDARY AUDIENCE – LGU (data from quantitative and qualitative research conducted for this campaign, see Appendix H4


Insert a brief summary of what you know of this target audience based on the qualitative research you have done and any other information you have about their life, habits, values and relation to the MPA.

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KnowledgeApproximately 66% of LGU Employees in Amlan could name at least one MPA benefit.

Attitude57% of LGU Employees believed that there are MPA benefits to the nearby community.

Practice23% of LGU Employees would like to be involved in any MPA related activities in Tandayag and 21% for Bio-os MPA

IC

Trusted sourcesThe following are the most or very trustworthy sources of information, according to the Amlan LGU Employees:-Friends or Family Members (55% of responses)-Local Government Environment Officials (53% of responses)-Scientist (52% of responses)-MENRO (46% of responses)

Media sourcesLocal news: 68%Religious program: 60%Concert:52%Preferred TV station: 52%




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7.Marketing mix

The marketing mix below provides an outline of the big picture campaign strategy for promoting the desired behavior change to the campaign target audiences.

The marketing mix is a tool developed in the field of marketing to define and communicate the strategy for selling a product. The marketing mix identifies 5Ps: what is to be marketed and sold (PRODUCT), how much it will be sold for (PRICE), where it will be sold (PLACE), through what channels and media it will be advertized (PROMOTION) and what will be the key promotional messages (POSITIONING).The same tool can be applied in social marketing to achieve behavior change for an outcome that will benefit the community. In this case the PRODUCT to be sold is the desired behavior change, the PRICE is the cost that the people doing the behavior change may incur in doing so - whether financial, in terms of time loss or otherwise, the PLACE is the location where the target audiences will be reached by campaign messages, PROMOTION identifies the channels and media through which the behavior change will be promoted, and POSITIONING are the key messages used to promote the desired behavior change.

Marketing Mix for Fishers of Tandayag and Bio-os

Product Fishermen should stop intruding in Tandayag/Bio-os Marine Sanctuary and report intrusions to the enforcement team

Price Deprived from fishing Loss of income expected from fishing inside the MPA Deprived feeling of ownership over the open-access sea Pride in accepting the blame Loss of personal dignity Strained relationship between good fishers and intruders

Place Promotional materials such as billboards will be posted at the marine sanctuary, at the docking area (place where fishers leave their boats) and at the corners of the road used as passage ways for fishers; posters will be placed at the sari-sari stores where most fishers frequently visit and in places where fishers relax most of the time

Activities will be done both on-site (near or at the MPAs) and off-site (at the Municipal Gym, Schools where more people could attend and participate)

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Bumper Stickers for Tricycles

Promotion The campaign will use various communication channels both impersonal and interpersonal. Radio will be used as one channel as this is the most preferred media by fishers. Fishers like to hear news while preparing to fish and during relaxation after the fishing activity. Campaign jingles and messages will then be played as radio spots/ plugs. Some posters and billboards will be used. Other materials such as T-Shirts and caps for fishers and umbrellas for their wives will be used. Mini media will also be used such as pin buttons and bumper stickers.

Considering the fishers stage of behavior (preparation), high in knowledge and attitude and low IC, the campaign will focus more on activities that would increase IC such as community or cluster meetings and workshops (where their views and opinions will be heard), coastal clean-ups, fiestas and other group gatherings.

The Barangay Captain, MENRO and TWG Chairperson are the most trusted sources of information, thus they will be invited to talk during meetings.

Social network such as Facebook will also be used since computers and free internet access are being offered by the municipality for the community to view photos and updates of the campaign.

Positioning -The campaign will focus on increasing the tourism potential of Tandayag/ Bio-os Marine Sanctuary and preparing/ saving for the next generationThree options:

1) “If I fish only at the designated area, fish and the corals will continue to grow and reproduce thus becoming more attractive to tourists.”

2) “If I fish outside the marine sanctuary, then I will become a good parent by securing more fish for my children ….(thinking to secure the future for my children.”)

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Marketing Mix for Community in Tandayag and Bio-os

Product Report intrusion and participate in MPA-related activitiesPrice Strained relationship due to reporting intruders (persons who

could be their own friends or family members) Time spent doing their personal thing Risk of possible retaliation from violators

Place Campaign billboards and posters will be set up at the marine sanctuary at the sari-sari stores in Tandayag and Bio-os, Municipal Hall and the Market place

Promotion -Print media such as posters, billboards and calendars-Streamers will be hang at major streets during fiestas and will be shown during street parades-Folding fans and pin buttons will be given away

Positioning -The campaign will focus on increasing the tourism potential of Tandayag/ Bio-os marine sanctuary by reporting intrusions and participating in MPA-related activities

1) “I will make my place famous by reporting intrusions thus allowing corals and fish to grow and reproduce inside the sanctuary which attract more tourists.” 2) “I will enjoy aesthetic value of marine sanctuary if I will report intrusions and participate in coastal clean-up thus making the reefs clean and allowing corals and fishes to grow and reproduce”

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6.Creative BriefCreative Brief is a strategic document that serves as the creative team’s guide for writing and producing campaign materials. The Creative Brief describes the most important issues that should be considered in the development of the materials, including a definition and description of the target audience or audiences; the rational and emotional appeals/benefits to be highlighted; and the style, approach, or tone you want for the materials.

All the important findings from qualitative and quantitative research should really come together in the creative brief so that it may:1. Provide direction and guidance to those developing materials (i.e. vendors) 2. Ensure that messages are perceived by target audiences as relevant and “personally” tailored 3. Ensure that materials are in line with the campaign’s strategic objectives 4. Ensure clarity and uniformity of material design (especially when multiple vendors are designing materials) 5. Provide a separate creative brief for each key target audience for campaign.

Creative Brief for FishersProblem Statement

Amlan is a coastal municipality that forms part of Tañon Strait, the home for many species of whales and dolphins. It has two marine protected areas located in Tandayag and Bio-os. Despite the years when these two MPAs were established, low fish catch is still a prevailing problem by many fishers in these two barangays.

Based on the KAP survey results, 24% of fishers said that their catch is still the same, 5.7% said their catch is declining, and 14.9% said increasing. In the Focus Group Discussion, the fishers disclosed that their catch is only 0.5 to 3 kilograms, and sometimes zero for reef fishes. Fishers also shared that there are times though when their catch would reach as high as 7 kilograms for the pelagic species only (during its season), but not for reef fishes. This is because the MPA did not reach its full potential to recover due to stress from various sources, including man-made. Stress from intrusions is one.

There are still fishers who intrude into the Tandayag / Bio-os marine sanctuary. The goal of this Rare Pride campaign is ensuring buy-in in MPA management by fishers. Fishers should take Pride in having their MPA.

Target Fishing is the primary source of livelihood

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Audience Profile

Farming is the alternate source during lean months (November to February) however, this also becomes a problem due to prolonged dry or wet season which is not good for rootcrops they are planting

Tandayag: High literacy 25% high school level, 20% completed elementary, 20% complete high school

Bio-os: High literacy 32% complete elementary, 24% high school level, 21% complete elementary education

Tandayag: Fishers (97%male, 5% female)16.7% are at age 40-44, the same percentage 16.7% are 55or older years old

Bio-os: Fishers (95% male, 5% female) High level of knowledge and attitude on the benefits of the MPA,

but low IC Barangay Captain, MENRO and Church leaders are the most trusted

sources of information Behavior change continuum- Preparation stage

Desired Action Stop intruding in the MPA and report intrusions to the enforcement team

Barriers to Action

Barriers for stopping intrusion:-Lesser catch outside the MPA-Loss of income expected from fishing inside the MPA-Deprived feeling of ownership over the open-access sea-No promising alternative livelihood

Barriers for reporting intrusions:-fear of having a strained relationship (between him, who is a good fisher and his friend- the intruder)-No cellphones-Distance of residence from the MPA location (Some fishers are residing in areas far from where the MPA is located)

Benefit Exchange

Ecological Benefit-healthy corals, bigger and abundant fish

Emotional Benefit Much stronger. Good work.-sense of Pride of becoming a good and responsible parent-sense of belongingness of becoming a member of the intelligence network-free from guilt-feeling (fishing inside while others are not)

Messaging Strategy

“If I fish outside the marine sanctuary, I will become a good and responsible parent securing fish for my children’s future.”

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“If I report intrusions I will have a strong feeling of belongingness in the MPA intelligence network”

Support Specific Sections in the MPA Ordinance stipulating the prohibition in fishing inside the MPA and its equivalent penalties

Scientists say that one sq. kilometer of healthy reefs could give 20-30 tons of fish per year

Data comparing fish inside and outside of MPA ID of enforcement Team as deputized to enforce MPA rules and

regulations The Mayor has a strong position towards improving enforcement Your last brief had “community leaders and peers support the

initiative” which is a very nice support point if it’s true.

Image Fishing outside the MPA, delineated with marker buoys

Responsible act Urgent act Easy to do Simple action that you can do very easily, without spending

money A good fisher (parent) fishing outside the Marine Protected Area Or an image of a fisher illustrating this concept: if you will still

continue to intrude, your peer might start questioning your practices and you will not gain respect (peer pressure)

Openings FISHERS When they are preparing to fish early in the morning When they are carrying the boat to the sea When they are hanging out with peers relaxing When they are buying a drink to a local sari-sari store When they are at the gasoline station buying gasoline needed

to for fishing in deep sea When they are visiting a supplier of fishing paraphernalia When they are attending a community meeting or church When talking to someone they trust: Barangay Captain,

MENRO, Church Leaders, their spouse, or a friend about this issue

Mandatories Include image of a fisherman in a boat (fishing outside the MPA delineated with market buoys)

Include logo of: Provincial Government, Municipality of Amlan,

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Rare, Pride campaign logo Must give credit to the organizations that financed the posters

by including their logos at the bottom of the poster Must include Cohort campaign theme, Rare logo Contact information: MENRO

Campaign Materials/ Activities

Billboards, Posters, T-Shirts, Caps, Umbrellas, Bumper stickers, Mascot, Radio plugs, campaign jingle/ song, cellphone cover (cloth), Sermon Sheets, Christmas Party with Kids, Parents with the Mascot, Mascot visiting schools, Field trip for fisher representatives

Promotional materials such as billboards will be posted at the marine sanctuary, at the docking area (place where fishers leave their boats) and at the corners of the road used as passage ways for fishers; posters will be placed at the sari-sari stores where most fishers frequently visit and in places where fishers relax most of the time

Mini Media will be distributed as prizes to games during campaign activities

Creative Brief for CommunityProblem Statement

Amlan is a coastal municipality that forms part of Tañon Strait, the home for many species of whales and dolphins. It has two marine protected areas located in Tandayag and Bio-os. Despite the years

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when these two MPAs were established, the community doesn’t seem to care about these. The community heard of intrusions, but didn’t take the initiative of reporting them. Guarding the MPA 24/7 is a difficult task for the enforcement team which makes community participation critical.

Target Audience Profile

Community is composed of professionals, store owners, vendors High level on knowledge and attitude on the benefits of the MPA,

but low in Interpersonal Communication (IC) Barangay Captain and MENRO as the most trusted sources Behavior change continuum- Preparation stage Level of Education: 19% (Tandayag) 20% (Bio-os) completed high

school; 18% (Tandayag)16% (Bio-os) high school level; 13% (Tandayag) 24% (Bio-os) completed elementary

Religion: 93% Catholic Income: 24% (Tandayag) and 17% (Bio-os) below P30,000

household income per annum 19% (Tandayag) and 5% (Bio-os) between P30,000-P50,000; 31% (Tandayag) and 68% (Bio-os) not sure

Employment: 30% (Tandayag) and 39% (Bio-os) do housework; 15% (Tandayag) and 13% (Bio-os) are shop keepers; 12% (Tandayag) 10% (Bio-os) not currently employed

Desired Action Report intrusions to the enforcement team Barriers to ActionMuch better!

Barriers for reporting intrusions:-Apathy towards health of corals in the MPA -Apathy to fishers-Fear of possible retaliation from violators-No cellphones-Distance of residence from the MPA (some community members are residing in areas far from where the MPA is located)-Community members are mostly working, so no time to go hang around in the sea

Benefit Exchange

Ecological Benefit-healthy corals and bigger and abundant fish

Emotional Benefit-Feeling free from the burden of guilt of being apathetic to fishers-Feeling sense of importance and belongingness (their report or

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opinion are being heard by the Enforcement Team, ManComm particularly from the Barangay Captain and the Mayor) -sense of Pride thinking that they are part in protecting the MPA -Feeling of courageous, not afraid of retaliation from intruders

Messaging Strategy

“I will report intrusion because I am a good resident of Amlan who is concerned about the health of the MPA, which is the top priority program of the Municipality”

“If I will report intrusion and participate in MPA-related activities, I will develop a strong sense of belongingness in Amlan and my voice will be heard by the Enforcement Team”

“I will report intrusion because I care for the future of our fishers’ children”

Support -MPA is legally established through a Municipal Ordinance, thus it is illegal to fish inside -Scientists say that one sq. kilometer of healthy reefs could give 20-30 tons of fish per year-PCRA results reveal that the average fish a catch of fisher per day is 1.5 kg.

-Data comparing fish inside and outside of MPA

Image Community reporting intrusion An image of the community participating in MPA meetings/

activities Responsible act Urgent act Easy to do Simple action that you can do very easily, without spending

money

Openings Community When they are at the store buying something When they are in a picnic at the sea When they are attending Sunday mass When they are the municipal hall When they are buying fish at the market When they are attending a community meeting

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When talking to someone they trust: Barangay Captain, MENRO, Church Leaders, their spouse, or a friend about this issue

Mandatories Include image of a healthy coral reefs with lots of large fish species (highlight flagship species, e.g. red grouper)

Include logo of: Provincial Government, Municipality of Amlan, Rare and Cohort Sustainable Fishing in the Philippines

Must give credit to the organizations that financed the posters by including their logos at the bottom of the poster

Must include Cohort campaign theme, Rare logo Contact information: MENRO

Campaign Materials

Posters, Billboards, T-Shirts, Caps, Bumper stickers, Sermon during Sundays, Radio Plugs, Mascot visiting the children, parents and teachers in schools, Street Parades, Town Fiesta, Festivals (Budyas Festival for Tandayag residents)

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C. MPA Governance and Management plan (BROP)

1.Abstract

Marine Protected Areas are suggested as the most effective tool in fisheries management. They serve as safe haven for fish, invertebrates, and corals to breed, grow and consequently to improve fish biomass, abundance, diversity, and coral reef habitats. The Marine Protected Area or Marine Sanctuary of Tandayag was established in 1996 through the Municipal Ordinance No. 02, Series of 1996 and Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in 1999 through Municipal Ordinance No. 21, Series of 1999. These ordinances describe the rules and regulations in the no- take zone, the penalties per violation, definition of boundaries, and a management body designated to oversee and perform the daily activities. The management tasks were performed based on this ordinance and the CRM plan, the section of which describes the major strategies and activities.

Apparently, over the years the management performance for Tandayag and Bio-os were both rated Level 2 [Established], based on the MPA Effectiveness Rating. The management body [Technical Working Group (TWG) and Management Committee (ManCom)] acknowledged these ratings during the organizational development workshops. The results of the rating could be attributed to lack of enforcement plan and lack of annual participatory biophysical monitoring. Furthermore, intrusions could still be observed within the no-take zone. During the MPA management effectiveness rating, it was also found out that the performance monitoring was not conducted regularly and there was also no socio-economic monitoring and feedback mechanism that would encourage the community to support the MPA (knowing that there is really increase income by fishers). This consequently resulted to intrusions by some local fishers from within the village and from neighboring municipalities. This issue also came out during the PCRA.The results of the KAP survey revealed that only 52% (Tandayag) and 30% (Bio-os) community members are aware of the benefits of the NTZ. In terms of biophysical status, the Tandayag MPA had 24% live hard coral cover and was predominated by 42% sand, based on the PCRA conducted in 2007. The Bio-os MPA had 45% live hard coral cover and 4% dead coral. Fish communities in Tandayag and Bio-os MPAs were predominated by small-sized Pomacentrids with an average of 26 individuals/500m2 and 283 individuals/500 m2, respectively. Target species such as Surgeonfishes and goatfishes were also observed. This can be explained by extractive fishing practices inside the NTZ such as fish traps and net fishing. The lack of community buy-in and enforcement are the main issues pressing the NTZ at the moment.

In Tandayag and Bio-os NTZ, poor governance and poor implementation of enforcement continuum calls for improvement in the management through the sound strategies within the protected area taking into account community participation in the process. The diagnostic processes [PCRA, MPA rating, OD] were vital in identifying the issues mentioned earlier. Hence, the results from these methods were used as bases in crafting this MPA Governance and Management Plan to improve governance, enforcement and community buy-in. This MPA-GMP will be carried out by the MPA Management Body [TWG and ManCom] within the timeframe of June 2011-June 2012 and will be assessed regularly during MPA management meetings. The implementation of this MPA-GMP will be supported through funds of LGU-Amlan and the provincial government through the Environment and Natural Resources Division (ENRD) – Office of the Governor, Rare and other possible sources such as the DA-BFAR, other Line Agencies, NGOs and Small Grants from local organizations.

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2.Introduction The Philippines ranked first with the most number of MPAs in the world. About 25% of the worlds MPAs are found in the Philippines. However, 15% of these MPAs are doomed to fail in an annual basis due to poor governance and weak enforcement (Aliňo 1998). In fact, during the Rare-initiated workshop in Cebu, on February 2010, these two major concerns surfaced as the most pressing issues compared to pollution, sedimentation, land-use, and climate change. The said workshop was attended by scholars and experts in their fields in the Philippines.

In this plan, Governance refers to the clarity of processes in choosing leaders to manage the MPA and Enforcement [a subset of governance] refers to the capacity and availability of logistics to perform the roles that involves the entire continuum such as deterrence, apprehension, case filing and decision. The poor selection of leaders and weak capacity to enforce MPA boundaries and policies will result to: a) the lack of community buy-in to support the leaders and projects; b) unregulated unsustainable fishing activities inside MPAs, and; c) unpopular MPA boundaries and ownership. Subsequently, MPA benefits are not maximized and the community loss the PRIDE over the local MPA.

Rare Pride Campaign is geared towards a greater community buy-in for an improved MPA governance and enforcement. Community buy-in refers to the active involvement of locale in critical projects after having clearly understood their roles and functions for such projects and their long-term benefits. This may involve the process of behaviour change and maintenance of good practices.

A combination of locally- practiced tools such as PCRA, management meetings, organizational development workshops plus KAP survey have been employed during the period of November 2010 until May 2011 to gain community support right up at front. This period is only the diagnostic phase of the campaign, but right at start community involvement is already being sought for buy-in. Eventually, as we move forward to the planning and implementation phase, the local community will not only have a better appreciation of the entire process, but would also gain ownership and PRIDE of the MPA benefits.

As more and more people from various sectors are getting involved with clear roles and functions for MPA management, coupled with the elements of time to embed such practices, threats to the MPA will be reduced and protection of biodiversity will be enhanced. This will also ensure continued benefits of protected areas, establishment of buffer zones and zoning of the protected area to sustain productivity and building value of the resources. In this way, the concern of the local community will be enhanced towards ownership and taking PRIDE of their MPA.

3.Objectives and scope1. To improve MPA enforcement processes by November 2011 [i.e. upgraded guardhouse, enforcement, protocols/plans, intelligence

network and communication, logbook system]

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2. To improve MPA governance system by November 2011 [i.e. regular meeting, increase membership, documentation, management planning, evaluation, monitoring team]

3. Improve MPA effectiveness rating to level 3 [enforced] by June 2012

4.Tools Tools employed included Participatory Coastal Resource Assessment (PCRA) tools; an MPA effectiveness rating workshop and a Technical Working Group (TWG) and Management Committee (ManCom) Organizational Development ( OD) and planning workshops

5.MPA profile

MPA history, resource use and enforcementInclude a digitized resource map, outputs from FGD on enforcement and MPA history. Discuss any results of other PCRA tools-if necessary and reference the H9 “fisheries profile” where all results from the PCRA are summarized.

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FGD on enforcementOver 15 years now, the Tandayag NTZ has accounted to approximately 65 violations based on sightings and testimonies by fisherfolks and other community members within the village. As presented in Table 1.a, most of the intrusions happened four to seven years after the establishment of NTZ where a big issue on political intervention in enforcement surface out and dampened the enthusiasm of most marginal fishers and Fishermen Association members. Such intrusions include the use of compressor fishing, fish nets and hook and line by fishers coming from neighboring towns and barangays. However, the validity and further details of information on the number and provenance of intruders and the time of day or occasion when such incidents took place could not be verified as there is no logbook at the village level. Police blotter on MPA intrusions is also not sufficient to confirm all the information since not all incidents (e.g. gleaning, bathing in the MPA) reached up to municipal level. In additional, the lack of enforcement logistics, support and intelligence and the lack of capacity to practice the whole enforcement continuum aggravate the entire enforcement and governance process.

Since the establishment in 1999, the Bio-os NTZ has an estimated intrusions of 27 (Table 1.b). From 15 intrusions a year after the establishment, it went down to 4 and then zero for this year. Most of the intrusions were done by fishers from neighboring towns using hook and line and fish nets. Three fishers who used to be intruders into the NTZ are now members of the Fishermen’s Association of Bio-os and are now helping the Bantay Dagat in the enforcement. These fishers, together with the rest of the association members do the surveillance and patrolling as scheduled and also during their fishing hours.

MPA effectiveness rating and analysis

Based on the recently held MPA management rating workshop, both the Tandayag (Table 4.a.) and Bio-os (Table 4.b.) MPAs are rated Level 2, meaning Established. Despite the number of years since Tandayag and Bio-os NTZ have been established.

Table 4.a. highlights the management focus, relevant indicators and the actual score of Tandyag MPA management. This further detail the management items that needs improvement and guide the management team to achieve the desired level for this campaign which is Level 3. As showed in this table, the three top priorities that need attention are: 1) monitoring and evaluation, with only 22.2%; 2) IEC, with the score of 50%, and 3) enforcement, with 52.6% score. Setting up mechanisms for the annual conduct of participatory biophysical monitoring and evaluation of the

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MPA, for the improvement in the implementation of soft and hard enforcement, including the enhancement of intelligence system and coordination is also recognized as critical indicators in achieving Level 3 rating. Deterrence such as marker buoys to delineate boundaries, upgrading of guardhouse is also being considered as critical to achieving the desired rating.

Tandayag MPA

Management Focus Relevant indicators

Total Available points

Actual Score per Management Focus

Actual Score divided by Total Available Points

Management Plan 4, [10], 27, 38, [39] 9 9 100.0%Management Body 5, [11], 20, 29,[32], 40 10 7 70.0%Legal Instrument and support 6, [9], 37, 41 6 6 100.0%Community Participation [1], [3], 8 7 7 100.0%Financing [12], 19, 28, 35, 49 7 5 71.4%IEC 7, 14,[ 23], [44], 45,[46] 12 6 50.0%Enforcement [13], 15, [21], [25], [26], [30], [36] 19 10 52.6%Monitoring and evaluation 2, 18, 24, 33, 34, 42, [43] 9 2 22.2%Maintenance of infrastructure and site development 16, 17, 22, 31, 47, 48 6 4 66.7%

Bio-os MPA





Management Plan 4, [10], 27, 38, [39] 9 9 100.0%Management Body 5, [11], 20, 29,[32], 40 10 7 70.0%Legal Instrument and support 6, [9], 37, 41 6 6 100.0%Community Participation [1], [3], 8 7 7 100.0%

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Financing [12], 19, 28, 35, 49 7 5 71.4%IEC 7, 14,[ 23], [44], 45,[46] 12 9 75.0%Enforcement [13], 15, [21], [25], [26], [30], [36] 19 10 52.6%Monitoring and evaluation 2, 18, 24, 33, 34, 42, [43] 9 2 22.2%Maintenance of infrastructure and site development 16, 17, 22, 31, 47, 48 6 4 66.7%

Threats and management challenges of the MPA Provide a brief summary of threats and management challenges to the MPA

TWG

Discuss your TWG and process of forming reconstituting it for the campaign[Specify departments and or supervisors who have critical roles]

1. TWG

a. TWG Formation

The formation of the technical working for Rare Pride Campaign went through the following process: (a) identification of persons to be invited in the project orientation, (b) series of meetings where roles and responsibilities were clearly discussed/ defined, (c) drafting of Executive Order, (d) review and finalization of membership and roles and responsibilities, (e) signing of the Executive Order by the Municipal Mayor, and (f) presentation of the EO to TWG members. Among the members of the TWG, the MENRO has the major role since the management of the coastal resources is mandated in this office as stipulated in Article IX, Section 54 (Functions, Duties and Powers of the MENRO) of Municipal Ordinance No.03, S.2007.

b. Vision, Mission, Goals

Vision

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An improved quality of life of Amlanganons with an increased level of awareness and commitment through sustainable development and management of coastal and marine resources (Amlan CRM plan 2008-2012).

MissionTo strengthen community involvement for the protection, conservation and development of MPAs with a higher level of awareness, commitment and sense of ownership through RARE PRIDE CAMPAIGN. Table xxx. TWG CompositionName Position and Office Contact Roles/ResponsibilitiesHon. Jonathan Kitane

SB Chair on Agriculture and Fisheries;Chairperson, Rare Pride Campaign-TWG

0.35.417.0694 loc. 105 Legislation, Lobby SB for approval of plans and budget for MPAs

Hon. Melvyn Reynado

SB Chair on Environment; Co-Chair for Rare Pride Campaign-TWG

0.35.417.0694 loc. 105 Legislation, Lobby SB for approval of plans and budget for MPAs

Hon. Analinda Esparcia

SB Chair on Tourism 0.35.417.0694 loc. 1050917.314.1841

Legislation, Lobby SB for approval of plans and budget for MPAs

Hon. Edmund Tubac SB Chair on Peace and Order 0.35.417.0694 loc. 105 Legislation, Lobby SB for approval of plans and budget for MPAs

Job D. Tagle Head- Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office

0.35.417.0694 loc. 1140917.314.3299

Plan implementation, Budget Allocation for MPAs

Geoffrey Silorio Head, Municipal Planning and Development Office

0.35.417.0694 loc. 102 Planning and Budgeting

Hon. Carlo Angelo Buscato

Barangay Captain, Tandayag 0915.826.0832 Budget Allocation for Bantay Dagat Honoraria

Hon. Emelyn Rosales

Barangay Captain, Bios c/o SB Tel. No. 0.35.417.0694 loc.105

Budget Allocation for Bantay Dagat Honoraria

SPO2 Miguel Yaeso Police Environmental Desk Officer (PEDO), PNP

c/o MENRO Tel. No. 0.35.417.0694 loc.114

MPA Enforcement

Adam Granada Bantay Dagat Member c/o MENRO Tel. No. 0.35.417.0694 loc.114

Ensures enforcement of Tandayag MPA

Antonieto Suelto Bantay Dagat Member c/o MENRO Tel. No. 0.35.417.0694 loc.114

Ensures enforcement of Tandayag MPA

2. ManCom

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The management of the two marine sanctuaries (Tandayag and Bio-os) is under the municipal government, in coordination with the concerned Barangay, MFARMC and concerned organizations as specified in Article III, Section 17 of Municipal Ordinance No. 03, “A Comprehensive Municipal Ordinance for the Sustainable Development, Management, Conservation and Protection of the Municipal Waters and its Coastal and Fishery Resources, Harmonizing and Integrating All Ordinances Pertinent thereto and for other purposes.”

Name Office and Position Contact ResponsibilitiesBentham P. De la Cruz

Municipal Mayor 0.35.417.0694 loc. 101

Ensures project implementation, Issuance of Executive Order, Approval of the Municipal Budget for MPA management

Hon. Carlo Angelo Buscato

Barangay Captain, Tandayag 0915.826.0832 Budget Allocation for Bantay Dagat Honoraria

Hon. Emelyn Rosales

Barangay Captain, Bios c/o SB Tel. No. 0.35.417.0694 loc.105

Budget Allocation for Bantay Dagat Honoraria

Job D. Tagle Head- Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office

0.35.417.0694 loc. 1140917.314.3299

Plan implementation, Budget Allocation for MPAs

3. Threats and management challenges of the MPA

Among the challenges in the hard enforcement are commercial fishing operation within the municipal waters and the lack of members in the enforcement team to perform the 24/7 guarding system (Table 5). MPA enforcement is often intertwined with enforcement in the whole stretch of municipal waters which even makes the whole system even more challenging. It is often thought by community members that if commercial fishers within municipal waters are not stopped, then there is no way for the marginal fishers to adhere on the MPA rules and regulations.

Table 5: List of threats and challenges of the MPAHard enforcement Soft enforcement Management Body

1. Commercial fishing operation inside Municipal waters

2. Lack of enforcement team /

1. Lack maintenance plan for marker buoys

2. Lack maintenance plan for

1. Attendance during meetings

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Bantay Dagat guardhouse and pumpboat3. Absence of bulletin board and

marker 4. Lack of communication facilities–

handheld radio / cell phone

Feasibility and Impact

This action plan underwent expert validation and approval process. The planning-workshop was facilitated by an external auditor, Rodolfo Santos, Ph.D. He has a long history of organizational development in the Philippines in the field of facilitation in organizations of various levels and scale in the Philippines, following a diverse business model. The tool used in planning i.e. MPA Effectiveness Rating is a standard tool in the Philippines to assess management performance of MPAs which was published by White et al. 2001. This was enhanced by EcoGov Philippines and UP-MSI [MEAT]. The action plans were the outputs of the 2-day workshop participated in by the TWG, ManComm local fishers, enforcers, and LGU Departments Heads who are considered experts in their localities thereby producing a ground truth strategies and activities. Since action plans will be integrated in the Project Plan where LAP/LCE endorsements are affixed, the same signature will suffice for the approval. These plans will be further validated back to the community after a series of iterations during Module 3, to serve as the road map in achieving Level 3 management status rating by June 2012.

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6.Action Plan

Table xxx. Tandayag MPAStrategic Priorities Objectives Measures Activities Amount

NeededTimeline Lead Person

VMG: IEC on VMG To increase level of awareness of community on the VMG for CRM and Rare Pride Campaign of the municipality

Community involvement in MPA activities

a. Advertisements through tarpaulins, billboards and other campaign materialsb. Conduct IEC in schoolsc. Info. Campaigns through purok/ barangay assemblies

P50,000 June-August 2011

TWG

Operations: Involvement of guardhouse & Facilities

Accessibility

To improve monitoring of MPA

To acquire Road Right of Way and docking areas

-Newly constructed guardhouse and communication equipment

-MPA could be seen from the guardhouse

-Acquired Road Right of Way with legal documents

a. Construction of guardhouse and fixtures

b. Follow-up negotiations and procurement with lot owners

P50,000 July 2011

March 2011

Barangay Official, MENRO, Bantay Dagat

LGU, Barangay Officials

Governance: Capability Building

To enhance the leadership skills of MPA management council

Independent MPA management council, capability of the management council to hold meetings

a. Seminars/ Trainings/ Workshops

P15,000 May 2011 MENRO & TWG

Finance: Fund Sourcing

To have sufficient funds to run the MPA management program

a. Lobby with the SB to increase the budgetb. Pass proposal to funding agencies

April 2011 TWG

Networking: Establish and improve linkages

To gather more support from POs, NGOs, NGAs and other agencies, Amlan Resort Owners Association,

Attendance of meetings

Involvement in the program/

a. To invite participants to the meetings

P2,000 April-May 2011

TWG

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Oil depot activities

Rare Pride campaign incorporated in POs program

b. Conduct meetings

c. Publish in LGU website and other social networking site (www.facebook)

Table xxx. Bio-os MPAStrategic Priorities Objectives Measures Activities Amount

NeededTimeline Lead Persons

Consultative meeting with stakeholders and promotion of Rare Pride Campaign

To increase awareness and promote social acceptability of the MPA

Community participation in MPA activities

a. Conduct survey or inventory of resourcesb. Feedback information to the communityc. IEC at the community level

P50,000 (counterpart scheme)

March-April 2011

Job Tagle,Hon. Kitane

Increase capability of law enforcement on CRM

To strengthen enforcement of Bantay Dagat on CRM (Monitoring and Evaluation)

24/7 enforcement of MPA by Bantay Dagat

a. Construction of guardhouse

b. Purchase of communication equipmentc. Purchase of diving gears

P50,000

P30,000

P100,000

April-May 2011

March-Dec.

Job Tagle,Hon. Kitane

MPA management To capacitate MPA management bodies

MPA management meetings held, minutes recorded, MPA issues and concerns discussed

a. Capability buildingb. Trainings/ Seminars

P20,000 March 2011

Funds To lobby funding support worldwide

a. Fund raising (concert, etc.)

Establish linkages To partner with NGOs, POs, NGAs

Established networking a. Singing of MOA with NGOs, POs, NGAs

P10,000 March-April 2011

Local Chief Executive, Job T., J.Kitane

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Critical Areas Relevant indicator

Smart objectives Specific activity Person responsible

Timeframe

Budget

Management plan (100%)

To establish the structure and processes for the formulation of the next CRM plan

1. Formulation of BROP MENRO, CF May 2011 2. PCRA for validation (public consultation)

PCRA team May 2011

3. Review of previous CRM plan (MPA related components only), SWOT and discussion

TWG, MFARMC July 2012 100000

Management body (70%)

32: performance M & E

To establish regular (yearly) monitoring & evaluation of performance

1. Management effectiveness rating

ENRD, MENRO, Barangay

July 2012 3000

2. 2nd iteration of MPA management rating

July 2013

Legal Instrument (100%)

To ensure legal mandate of social marketing plan

1. Drafting of indorsement for SB for the adoption of Social Marketing plan

TWG Chairpersons June 2011

2. Drafting of the resolution recognition & approval of the SM plan

TWG Chairpersons June 2011

Financing (71.4%) 35 &49

To initiate environment-friendly enterprises supportive of the MPA

1. Brainstorm on possible products

Tourism officer, SB Chair on Tourism, PO, Resort owners

Jul-11 20,000

2. Production of collaterals Tourism officer, SB Chair on Tourism

Aug-Sept 2011

3. Invite the service providers within the province of Neg. Or.

Enforcement 25Ensure 24/7 guarding of the MPA to achieve Level 3 by 2012

1. To formulate enforcement plan

MENRO, Bantay Dagat, ENRD, PNP, MFARMC

October 2011

15,000

Monitoring & Evaluation 24

To establish a system ensuring the annual conduct of participatory biophysical M & E

1. Mainstreaming of participatory biophysical M & E in the MPA plan

ENRD, MENRO, Barangay, TWG, MFARMC, Monitoring Team

May 2011

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2. Note: start the design immediately after the campaign

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D. Monitoring Plan

Below the KAP section of the monitoring plan

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E. WORK PLAN WITH BUDGETThe specific activities and budget for the campaign are outlines in a separate excel spreadsheet. Once it is complete you can insert a brief reference to it here listing some of the key activities and the total budget.

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F.ENDORSEMENT OF THIS PLAN

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References and Acknowledgements

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References

(August 23, 2010) http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/4615/0

Stockwell, Brian, Jadloc, Claro Renato, Maypa, Jasper P. and Portia Nillos-Kleiven. 2007. Preliminary Report: Biophysical Survey of Coral Reefs in Amlan, Negros Oriental. Silliman University Angelo King Center for Research and Environmental Management (SUAKCREM), Silliman University, Dumaguete City, 6200

Uychiaocho, A.J., S.J. Green, M.T. dela Cruz, P.A. Gaite, H.O. Arceo, P.M. Aliño, and A.T. White. 2010. Coral Reef Monitoring for Management. University of the Philippines Marine Science Institute, United Nations Development Programme Global Environment Facility-Small Grants Program, Guiuan Development Foundation, Inc., Voluntary Service Overseas, University of the Philippines Center for Integration and Development Studies, Coastal Resource Management Project, Philippine Environmental Project 2, and Fisheries Resource Management Project. 122 p.

Yambao, A.C., A.T. White, W.E. Ablong and M.R. Alcala. 2001. Coastal Environmental Profile of Negros Oriental, Philippines. Coastal Resource Management Project, Cebu City, Philippines, 107 p.

AcknowledgementsInsert a brief note acknowledging and thanking all those who helped you produce this plan.

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http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/4615/0

APPENDICES1.Fisheries profile

Refer to fisheries profile template for this, insert only those sections that you have done through your PCRA

In Tandayag the types of infringement inside the MPA include fishing, with the use of hook and line and fish traps; gleaning and bathing; and using the area as passageway or short cut to the shore. It is estimated that about 80% of infringement comes from neighboring towns and barangays. Fishing in the MPA usually happens at dawn (fishing time) during special occasions, such as fiesta and Christmas when everyone are busy doing their own thing for the preparation. Most often, with hook and line fishing, there are just one or two persons in a non-motorized boat. This differs with fishing with the use of fish trap where it needed at least three persons and with motorized boat. Gleaning happens anytime of the day and sometimes is combined with bathing. Other form of infringement, as mentioned earlier, is using the area as passageway or short cut to the shore. The three Bantay Dagat members assigned solely for the MPA enforcement face their challenge since marker buoys are always lost due to strong current in the area.MPA enforcement in Bio-os is somehow very challenging considering its offshore location and the strong waves and currents. Types of infringement in Bio-os MPA are quite similar to Tandayag except for gleaning and bathing. Most of the violators are from neighboring towns.

Enforcement System. The on-duty Bantay Dagat member will inform the MENRO (through personal cellphones) of any encroachment into the MPA and the MENRO will coordinate the PNP. At any case, if the type of violation is somewhat heavy, e.g. fishing in the MPA then the MENRO will seek assistance from the PNP/ Police Environmental Desk Officer to lead the apprehension. Otherwise, the on-duty Bantay Dagat member will simply approach the violator and inform the person on the MPA rules and regulations and his/her violation (gleaning, bathing in the MPA). However, if it is no longer a first offense, then apprehension will take place.Cases of infractions. The infractions are usually recorded at the village level in the Bantay Dagat logbook or directly in the PNP logbook if such would reach municipal level. The Bantay Dagat member and the MENRO disclosed that the log book got wet (fell down onto the sea) when they had one incident of apprehension of commercial fishing in the municipal water, sometime in 2009. Since then there is no logbook at the site for the Bantay Dagat to record infractions not until in March 2011 when another logbook was given by LAP (ENRD) using Rare’s format of recording.Incentive/disincentive system for the enforcers and the enforcement team as a whole? Village folks, surveillance and PNP. The enforcement team is composed of the ……..The members of the Bantay Dagat receive a monthly incentive in a form of honoraria from both the municipal and the barangay. The honoraria range from P800-1,200 at the municipal level and P100-300 at the barangay level.

Enforcement processes in the municipality.. Include numbers of apprehensions, cases filed etc. The MPA enforcement process applied is similar to the enforcement of Municipal waters: apprehension, affidavit writing, filing of case and litigation. There is no exact number as to the apprehensions made and cases filed as there is no proper filing of such at the enforcement center.Enforcement system and gaps. The enforcement system is not that effective considering the problem in terms of PNP manpower. Apart from the Police Environmental Desk Officer (PEDO), there is no other PNP in-charge to assume responsibility in MPA enforcement / apprehensions in the absence of the PEDO. According to the MENRO, in some instance where the PEDO is not around other PNP Officers are hesitant to go with the Bantay Dagat during apprehensions because of their insufficient knowledge on the MPA rules and regulations.

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Involvement of other community members in enforcing the MPA NTZ (surveillance, reporting, monitoring, guarding)? The coastal community members do not seem to take care of reporting violations, except for a few, such as the wives and the mothers of the Bantay Dagat members and elected Barangay officials who are residing nearby the MPA.In Tandayag, there are three (3) Bantay Dagat members who are in-charge of guarding the MPA. This however, is not exactly the case for Bio-os MPA wherein members of the Takot Diot Fishermen’s Association (25 persons) participate in guarding the MPA, in addition to the 5 members of the Bantay Dagat.

Table 1.a: MPA History and form of infringement, Tandayag MPAYear Number of

infringement

Types/forms of infringement/gears used

Intruders (from where, who, age group)

Course/s of action taken (apprehension, affidavit writing, litigation, imprisonment)

Forms of incentives/disincentives

Year 1-1997 (After MPA establishment in 1996)

15 Compressor fishing, Hook & Line, Gill Nets, Gleaning

Fishers from San Jose, Amlan

Apprehended by PNP, Informed violators about the MPA rules and regulations

Confiscation of fishing paraphernalia and fish species caught; penalized depending on the degree of offense

Year 2 (1998) 10 Compressor fishing, Hook & Line, Gill nets, Gleaning

San Jose, Amlan local fishers

Apprehended, Informed the violators about the MPA rules and regulations


Year 3 (1999) 5 Hook & Line, Gleaning

Amlan local fishers

Apprehended


Year 4-7 (2000-2003) 30 Spear Fishing (SCUBA gears),

Amlan local

Apprehended

Confiscation of spear guns and fish

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Gleaning fishers, Dumaguete City SCUBA divers

species caught; penalized depending on the degree of offense

Year 8-11 (2004-2007) 2 Gill net, Gleaning Amlan local fishers

Apprehended

Community Service, penalized

Year 12-15 (2007-2010) 3 1- Gill net, 2 Fish traps

San Jose (Neighboring town)

Apprehended

Confiscation of fish species caught

Year 16 (2011) 1 Bathing/ swimming Tandayag Called the attention

None

Table 1.b: MPA History and form of infringement, Bio-os MPA

Year Number of infringement

Types/forms of infringement/gears used

Intruders (from where, who, age group)

Course/s of action taken (apprehension, affidavit writing, litigation, imprisonment)

Forms of incentives/disincentives

Year 1- 2000 (After MPA establishment in 1999)

15 Fish traps, Hook & Line, Spear (both SCUBA & Skin diving), Gill net, Compressor

Tanjay, Amlan

Apprehended, Informed the violators about the MPA rules and regulations

Confiscation of fishing paraphernalia and fish species caught; penalized

Year 2-4 (2001-2003)

8 Fish traps, Hook & Line, Spear

Tanjay Apprehended Confiscation of fishing paraphernalia and fish species caught; penalized

Year 5-10 (2004-2009)

4 Fish traps, Hook & Line, Spear (occasional)

Tanjay Apprehended Confiscation of fishing paraphernalia and fish species caught; penalized

Year 11 (2010) 0

Table xy: Enforcement structures and logistics and conditions, Tandayag MPA

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Structures in place/Logistics present

Number Condition/status Use/number of users

1. Guardhouse 1 Temporary, Needs renovation 3 Bantay Dagat2. Patrol Boat 2 Good running condition 3 Bantay Dagat3. Marker buoys 4 Always need replacement due

to strong current4. Sign Board 2 1 needs replacement5. MPA info. Board/tarpaulin 1 Needs replacement

1. FGD on MPA History and

folklore

In 1995, the Center for the establishment of Negros Oriental (CEMRINO) and the German Development Service initiated the survey of coral reefs in Tandayag and Bio-os, through the partnership with the Provincial Government of Negros Oriental, the Municipality of Amlan and the two Barangays. After the survey, the results were shared to the community and the partners, though video showing and data presentation. The MPA establishment process also included a series of community consultations and seminars and information drives about the importance of MPAs and the need for establishment. The Tandayag MPA was then legally established in 1996 through the Municipal Ordinance No. 02, Series of 1996 and Bio-os MPA in 1999 through Municipal Ordinance No. 21, Series of 1999.

Indigenous knowledge/folklores relating to management (species specific or multi fishery) and relating to the MPA area.

Fish species and number overtime. Old fishers in Tandayag and Bio-os disclosed that in the early ‘60s there were a variety of marine species such as large Groupers, Snappers, lobsters, triton shells and bivalves. They claimed that in the ‘80s most of these species mentioned, except for triton shells, could still be found but in small sizes and in small quantity. This scenario changed in the ’90s when triton shells became extinct in the area and lobsters were endangered. The reef fish species at that time also declined and fishers had to shift from nearshore to deepsea fishing. The entire fishery situation could have continued if it were not due to the coastal resource management program in the late 1990, such as habitat management of which MPA establishment has been part of. The main purpose of such program was to restore degraded habitats and their associated organisms. After a decade of on- and off- protection, it is surprising to know that the fish catch of marginal fishers slightly increase in nearshore and deepsea. There could have been more benefits from the MPA if the protection efforts were seriously undertaken in the past years.

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Table xy: Enforcement structures and logistics and conditions, Bio-os MPAStructures in place/Logistics present

Number Condition/status Use/number of users

1. Guardhouse 1 Temporary, needs renovation2. Patrol Boat 2 Good running condition (Back-

up- 25 pumpboats of fishers)3. Marker Buoys 4 Always need replacement due

to strong current4. Sign Board 1 Good5. MPA info. material 1 Needs replacement

Social, Economic and Ecological Impact of MPA. Since the MPA establishment, the community members revived some of their values such as unity in the midst of diversity, “bayanihan”and the spirit of volunteerism- helping each other without expecting any return of favor. The economic impact of the MPA to the community was only felt by some, particularly fishers who claimed that their catch has slightly increased. Ecologically, many people (beach goers from other barangays, fishers, and those who live nearby) said that corals and associated species have increased compared to the past years when the MPA was not established yet.

2. Fish catch and gear inventory

Most fishers in Tandayag and Bio-os used one gear (Hook and Line) since the other gears like fish nets and fish traps are expensive. Hook and line, a traditional method used by fishers until now, is cheap to maintain and easy to keep. Fish corral, common in 1970s, are no longer popular nowadays because it is expensive and the volume of fish species caught cannot compensate (return of investment) as fish population that can be caught by this type of gear declined. The most commonly caught fish species are tunas and mackerels using hook and line and sometimes fish nets. Only very few fishers used multiple gear types and these are the ones who have rich relatives who helped them in putting up their capital.

There was also a gear shift when R.A. 8550, otherwise known as the Fisheries Code of 1998, prohibiting the use of beach seine, was implemented. Fishers who used this gear type changed to either hook and line or gill nets.

Hook and line are used all year round, with at its peak during the months of summer when the northeast monsoon is over. Fishers who have multiple gear types change their gear with the season of certain pelagic fish species. During the northeast monsoon (November to February), when the season for tunas and mackerel and sardines is at its peak, fishers would use nets in addition to hook and line.

Most commonly used gears and frequency of use. The first 5 common gears used in Tandayag and Bio-os are: (1) Single Hook and Line, (2) Multiple Hook and Line, (3) Gill nets, (3) Fish Traps. Single hook and line, locally known as “Pamugtaw” is made of single hook and a nylone monoline. Multiple hook and line, local name “Birek-birek” (250-300 hooks) and “Lasdak” (12 hooks). Gill nets include “Padumog” (#14 mm) and “Palaran” #8 mm). Fish traps are made of bamboo sticks weaved and constructed to form a certain size (1.5m x 1m). The single hook and line (Pamugtaw) is operated by one or two persons towing for two-four hours to attract species of tunas. Unlike” Pamugtaw”, “Birek-birek” needs two boats, positioned at opposite ends holding the long line. “Padumog” and “Palaran” are drift nets set at the surface part. They are suspended for four hours. Fish traps are set during calm weather condition as these are set at deeper part and are left for a week. This method is laborious, same as fish nets. Of the different fishing methods, single hook and line is the most preferred one because it is simple to operate and maintain and are used whole-year round. Fish nets are only used especially during peak season for sardines (November to March).

Fishing practices in the mangrove, seagrass areas, coral reefs, and deep sea. There are varied forms of fishing in deep sea compared to other ecosystems such as mangroves, seagrass meadows, and coral reefs. Fishing gears used would differ on the fish species. Most fishers in Tandayag and Bio-os fish in deep sea during the season for tunas and mackerels and shift to coral reef during off season of this species. Fishers occasionally fish in the mangrove ecosystem during

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bad weather conditions, when the sea turns rough. During summer months are the season for bangus or milkfish fry. This is when some fishers (children, wives of fishermen) would go in the seagrass area or shallow sandy area to catch bangus fries.

Table 2: Top 10 species caught in the mangrove habitat, Tandayag and Bio-os

Local name

English name Gear use/ Method Target/ Non-target

1. Kitong Rabbitfishes Fish Net Target2. Katambak

Emperors Hook and Line Target

3. Bugaong

Tigerfishes (Terapon sp.)

Fish Net Target

4. Palangan

Glassy fishes (Fam. Ambassidae)

Fish Net Target

5. Balanak

Mullets Fish Net Target

6. Alimango

Portunid crabs Target

7. Tuway Bivalves (Fam. Corbiculidae-Geloina sp.)

Gleaning Target

8. Gisaw Mullets Fish net (Pang-gisaw) Non-target9. Pasayan

Penaeid shrimps (Fam. Peraeidae)

Fish Net (Sikpaw) Target

10. Mangagat

Red snapper, Mangrove jacks

Fish Nets Target

Template 3: Top 10 species caught in the seagrass communities, Tandayag and Bio-osLocal name

English name Gear use Target/ Non-target

1. Kitong Rabbitfishes Hook and Line2. Bulaknitan

Triggerfishes Hook and Line

3. Balawis Rabbitfishes Hook and Line4. Labayan Wrasses Fish nets Non-target5. Bugaong

Tigerfishes (Terapon sp.)

Fish Net

6. Emperors Hook and Line Target

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Katambak7. Timbongan

Goatfishes Gill net (Aghid, Padumog) Target

8. Hinok Goatfishes Gill net (Aghid, Padumog) Target9. Bilong-Bilong

Hook and Line

9. Gisaw Mullets Fish Nets Non-Target10. Sap-sap

Slipmouths Fish Nets Non-Target

Table 4.1: Top 10 species caught in the coral reefs, Tandayag MPALocal name English name Gear use Target/ Non-

target1. Lalagan Snappers Hook & Line, Gill net Target2. Mamsa Jackfishes Fish Trap, Gill net, Hook &

LineTarget

3. Lapu-lapu Groupers Hook & Line Target4. Solid Fusiliers Fish trap, Gill net Target5. Holokihok Fusiliers Fish trap, Gill net Target6. Timbongan Goatfishes Fish trap, Gill net Target7. Hinok Goatfishes Fish trap, Gill net Target8. Kitong Rabbitfishes Hook & Line Target9. Mol-mol Parrotfishes Hook & Line Target10. Indangan Surgeonfishes Hook & Line Target

Table 4.2: Top 10 species caught in the coral reefs, Bio-os MPALocal name English name Gear use Target/ Non-

target1. Mamsa Jackfishes Fish Trap, Gill net, Hook &

LineTarget

2. Lapu-lapu Groupers Hook & Line Target3. Lalagan Snappers Hook & Line Target4. Holokihok Fusiliers Fish trap, Hook & Line Target5. Solid Fusiliers Fish trap, Hook & Line Target6. Hinok Goatfishes Fish trap, Gill net Target7. Timbongan Goatfishes Fish trap, Gill net Target8. Katambak Emperors Hook & Line Target

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9. Mol-mol Parrotfishes Hook & Line Target10. Litki Sweetlips Hook & Line Target

Table 5.1: Top 10 species caught in the deep seas, Tandayag MPALocal name English name Gear use Target/ Non-

target1. Malalangsi Sardines Gill net Target2. Tulingan Tunas Hook and Line Target3. Tangigue Mackerels Hook and Line Target4. Anduhaw Mackerels Gill net, Hook & Line Target5. Bilong-bilong Moonfishes Fish Net Non-target6. Bulgan Big eyes Hook and Line Target7. Tamarong Scads Hook and Line (multiple),

Gill netTarget

8. Bugkanon Tunas Hook & Line (multiple) Target9. Manulsog Hook & Line (multiple) Target10. Tulirog Hook & Line (multiple), Gill

netTarget

Table 5.2: Top 10 species caught in the deep seas, Bio-os MPALocal name English name Gear use Target/ Non-target

1. Pulag-ikog Scads Gill net, Hook & Line Target2. Anduhaw Mackerels

(Rastrelliger kanagurta)Drift Gill net (Panganduhaw), Multiple Hook & Line

Target

3. Tamarong Scads (Selar sp.) Gill net, Hook & Line Target4. Malalangsi Sardines Gill net Target5. Tuloy Gill net Target6. Panit Yellow fin tuna Hook & Line Target7. Rompi Barracudas Hook and Line Target8. Tangigi Mackerels Hook & Line (single) Target9. Ihalason Tunas Gill net, Hook & Line Target10. Nokos Squids Jigger (Pangnukos) Target

Table 6.1: Gear inventory, Tandayag MPA

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List of all gears in the village

Regulated or not? What is the type of regulation?

Total No. in the

barangay

No. of users in

the barangay

Soaking time

No. of users in

one gear

per trip

Frequency of use in a day List of fish caught

Hook and line (single “Pamugtaw”)

Not regulated 1 Twice a day Bugkanon (Tunas)

Hook and line (multiple) (classify according to number of hooks and treat each with a single column)

Not regulated 111 90 4-5 hours

1-2 Twice a day Tulirog, Tamarong, Tulingan (Tunas & Mackerels)

Fish trap (bubo) Not regulated 15 4 2 weeks 5 Twice per month

Indangan, Maya-maya, Holokihok (Fusiliers)

Gill nets Regulated (only Amlan fishermen are allowed)

21 7-Pangmalalangsi6- Palaran7- Patulay1- Pamahala

8-10 hours

2-3 1-2 times a day

Beach seine Regulated 1 1Fish corral Regulated,

allowed at designated areas

5

Spear 3 3 1

Table 6.2: Gear inventory, Bio-os MPA

List of all gears in the village

Regulated or not? What is the type of regulation?

Total number in

the barangay

No. of users in

the barangay

Soaking time

No. of users in

one gear

per trip

Frequency of use in a day List of fish caught

Hook and Line (single) Not regulated 4-5 Tunas

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“Pamugtaw” hoursHook and line (multiple) 200 hooks “Birek-Birek”

Not regulated 61 4-5 hours

1 Twice Mackerel

Fish trap (bubo) Regulated (only Amlan fishermen are allowed)

6 4 Once in two weeks

Jackfish, Surgeonfish

Gill nets Regulated 24 6 once Goatfish, Tuna, Tulakhang, Malalangsi

Cast net (treat each variation with a single column)

Regulated (only Amlan fishermen are allowed)

Fish corral Regulated (only Amlan fishermen are allowed)

2

Spear 1 once

1. Socio economic status/practices (focused on fisheries) In Tandayag, the cost for hook and line fishing ranged from P70-P100. In Bio-os, the cost of same method is higher approximately P370 since fishers are using motorized boat. The average net income of fishers is about P100 (non-motorized) and P330 (motorized). These could go as much as P200-P300 and P500-600 during peak season and as low as P50 and P100 during lean months. From out of the fishing income, fishers could barely buy food for the family which comprises about 80% of the total expenditures (10% school, 10% other basic needs). Hence to compensate the income during lean months fishers would either go farming or work in construction as carpenters. Most fish species favored by fishers are pelagic since most reef fishes populations are declining.

Table xx: Socio-economic, Tandayag

Gear typeExpenses per

trip (hook, nylon, net,

bait)

No. of kilograms caught per

trip

Number of kilograms sold

Price per

kilogram

Income

Types of expense

from sales

Number of kilos to

take home

Hook and line (single) “Pamugtaw”

P70.00- P100 1.5 1.5 P120 P180 Rice, dried fish

none

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Hook and line (multiple) (“Lasdak”- 12 hooks) (“Pamalo” – 20 hooks)

P101.00 5 4 P100 P299.00

Rice, coffee, sugar, salt

1

Fish trap (bubo) P200 10 7 P150.00 P330.00

1

Gill nets (Padumog)Fish corral One-time

expenses (P75,000)

10 8 P100.00 P400.00

1

Spear P32.00 0.5 None – all catch is brought home for consumption

---- ----- ----- 0.5

Table xxx: Socio-economic, Bio-os

Gear typeExpenses per trip (hook, nylon, net,

bait)

Number of kilos caught

per trip

Number of kilos

soldPrice per

kilo Income Types of expense from sales

Number of kilos to take home

Hook and line (single) “Pamugtaw”

P300 –gasolineP20.00P50 (Others: Bread, Coffee, Cigarettes to bring along)

8 kg. of Tuna

7 kg P100.00 P700.00Rice, Allowance for students, cooking oil, laundry soap, spices

1 kg

Fish trap (bubo) P150.00 20 kg. (5 units)

15 kg. P80.00 P1,200 Rice, Allowance for students, cooking oil, laundry soap, spices

5 kg

Fish nets (“Palaran”, “Yab-yab”)

P200- gasolineP50 - others

20 kg. 19 kg P80-P100 P1,520-P1,900

Rice, Allowance for students, cooking oil, laundry soap, spices

1 kg

Calendar Diagram. Discuss how gear use changes with months/season as well as the fish caught. According to the fishers, they use hook and line, fish nets and fish traps whole year round. The use of hook and line though increases during the months of May –October, when it is a peak season for tunas and mackerels. During this season, fishers could save some amount for the enrolment of their children in June. This is also when fishers come together and enjoy.

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Livelihood practices during lean months. In Tandayag, lean months start in August and last until February. During these months, fishermen go farming and work as carpenter s and tailors and other labor jobs to sustain life. In Bio-os, lean months start from November and end in April

Table xxx: Seasonality Diagram, TandayagMonth Fish species caught Gear type Number of users

Gill net Hook & LineJanuary Malalangsi Gill net, Hook & Line 15 10February Malalangsi Gill net, Hook & Line 15 10March Malalangsi Gill net, Hook & Line 15 10April Malalangsi Gill net, Hook & Line 15 90May Tulirog, Bugkanon, Anduhaw Hook & Line, Gill net 15 90June Tulirog, Bugkanon, Anduhaw Hook & Line, Gill net 15 90July Bugkanon Hook & Line, Gill net 15 90August Bugkanon Hook & Line, Gill net 15 30September Nokos Hook & Line, Gill net 15 30October Nokos Hook & Line, Gill net 15 30November Anduhaw Hook & Line, Gill net 15 30December Anduhaw Hook & Line, Gill net 15 30

Table xxx 5: Seasonality Diagram, Bio-osMonth Fish species caught Gear type Number of usersJanuary Holokihok, Mamsa, Malalangsi Hook and Line, Fish Net, Fish

Trap40 H & L; 8 Fish Nets; 10 Fish Traps

February Malalangsi, Tamarong Hook and Line, Fish Net 40 H & L; 8 Fish NetsMarch Anduhaw, Tamarong Hook and Line, Gill net 40 H & L; 8 Fish NetsApril Anduhaw, Tamarong Hook and Line, Gill net 40 H & L; 8 Fish NetsMay Anduhaw, Tulirog Hook and Line 80 H & L; 8 Fish NetsJune Anduhaw, Tulirog Hook and Line 80 H & L; 8 Fish NetsJuly Anduhaw, Tulirog Hook and Line 80 H & L; 8 Fish NetsAugust Ihalason, Hinok Hook and Line 80 H & L; 8 Fish NetsSeptember Ihalason, Hinok Hook and Line 80 H & L; 8 Fish Nets

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October Ihalason, Hinok Hook and Line 80 H & L; 8 Fish NetsNovember Malalangsi, Hinok Hook and Line; Fish Net 40 H & L; 8 Fish NetsDecember Malalangsi, Hinok Hook and Line; Fish Net 40 H & L; 8 Fish Nets

Trend Diagram

Fish catch trend (1960-present). Based on the PCRA results (2011), there is a decreasing trend in the fish catch of marginal fishers starting from the year 1970s to 2000. After a decade, there was a slight increase in catch as observed by many marginal fishers.

The decline in fish catch was due to the increase in the number of both marginal and commercial fishers (brought about by the increase in population in 1970s) and the use of destructive fishing methods in the ‘70s. Destructive and extractive practices of fishing have both damaged the mangrove, seagrass and coral reef ecosystems, which are important habitats for many marine fish species. In the late 1990s when the program on coastal resource management was introduced through MPA establishment and other habitat restoration initiatives (such as mangrove enrichment planting), and the prohibition of certain gear types, there is slight increase in fish catch.

The decreasing trend of fish catch became known to most community members when in the late 90’s fish supply in the market was scarce. Also during this time there was an extensive Information, Education, Communication (IEC) campaign and awareness level heightened. Most people though don’t know that there is now a slight in fish catch by many marginal fishers, as what they claimed.

The decreasing trend during the time alarmed many people in the community because it is one of the major sources of protein. People, especially the old ones can’t help not eating fish in one day. Prices of fish during the time were high due to scarcity.

In the 1970’s fishers disclosed that reef fishes such as Jacks, Groupers and Snappers were abundant and the sizes are big. These large fish species can still be caught but smaller in size and number. What dominated the catch of marginal fishers are labrids, scarids and fusiliers in coral reefs and tunas, mackerels and sardines in deep sea.

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Table xxx: Trend Diagram, TandayagYear Average Catch

(Kilogram per fisher)Major fishery issues/events/history/changes in fishing methods/

Fish species caught

1970 30; 200; 100 Hook & Line; Fish corral; Fine mesh nets Goatfishes, Groupers, Emperors, Jacks

1980 25; 200; 50 Hook & Line; Fish corral; Fine mesh nets Goatfishes, Groupers, Emperors, Jacks

1990 20; 10; 15 Hook & Line; Fish corral; Fine mesh nets Tunas, Mackerels, Fusiliers, Parrotfishes

2000 10; 40 Hook & Line, Gill net “Palaran”, Motorized boats Tunas, Mackerels, Sardines, Parrotfishes, Labrids

Present 5; 10 Hook & Line, Gill net “Palaran”, Motorized boats Tunas, Mackerels, Sardines

Table xxxx: Trend Diagram, Bio-osYear Kilogram of

catch/gear typeMajor fishery issues/events/history/changes in fishing methods/

Fish species caught

1965 25; 300 Hook and Line; Fish Corral Groupers, Jacks, Goatfishes1975 25; 20 Hook and Line; Fish Corral Groupers, Jacks, Goatfishes1985 25; 30; 15 Hook and Line, Fish Net; Fish Corral Groupers, Jacks, Goatfishes1995 15; 15; 8 Hook and Line, Fish Net; Fish Corral Tunas and Mackerels, Sardines2005 10; 10; 5 Hook and Line, Fish Net; Fish Corral Tunas and Mackerels, SardinesPresent 15; 15 Hook and Line, Fish Net Tunas and Mackerels, Sardines

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2.Executive Order for TWG & Mancom

87

88

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3.Survey Questionnaire (insert final version of questionnaire including maps, photographs and answer sheets used for survey)

Philippines/PEP2 Reef Rangers QUESTIONNAIRE

Baseline Survey (2011) and Post-campaign Survey (2012)

Hello, my name is ..................., and I am working with the ............... We are conducting a survey of people in this area about the natural environment. We would very much appreciate your participation in this survey by answering a few questions about the environment. Whatever information you provide will be kept strictly confidential and your name and answers will not be shown to, or shared with, any other person except for those people who are working on the survey. Your answers will help us plan and implement a communication program.You must be at least 15 years old in order to participate in our survey.

Participation in this survey is voluntary and you can choose not to answer any individual question or all of the questions. However, your views are important to us and I hope you will participate. May I begin the interview now?

Respondent agrees to be interviewed (If no, keep tally on separate sheet of paper): [ ] Yes

Section 1: Background information filled in prior to the interview without asking the respondent

Interviewer: __________________________________________

Barangay Tandayag: [ ] Tandayag Sur [ ] Tandayag Central [ ] Tandayag Norte

Barangay Bio-os: [ ] Buswang [ ] Cambisay [ ] Cambajo [ ] Sug-ong [ ] Tabuan

[ ] Talay [ ] Highway

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Other barangay:

Enumeration area (EA):

Date (month/day/year):

Survey period: [ ] Post-campaign (June 2012) [ ] Pre campaign - Baseline (Feb 2011)

Gender of respondent: [ ] Male [ ] Female

Sampling methodology: [ ] random community of Tandayag

[ ] random community of Bio-os

[ ] fishers of Tandayag [ ] fishers of Bio-os

[ ] MPA Enforcement Team

[ ] Amlan-LGU employee

Section 2: Socioeconomic and Demographic Questions

"To begin, I would like to ask you some questions about yourself"

(1) Which of the following statements best describes you [choose only ONE]:

-You are a fisher that fished at least 1 time in the past month near the Tandayag Marine Sanctuary,

- You are a fisher that fished at least 1 time in the past month in the Tandayag Marine Sanctuary,

- You are a gleaner that gleaned at least 1 time in the past month near the Tandayag Marine Sanctuary,

- You are a gleaner that gleaner at least 1 time in the past month in the Tandayag Marine Sanctuary,

[ ] You are a fisher at least 1 time in the past month near Tandayag Marine Sanctuary

[ ] You are a fisher at least 1 time in the past month in Tandayag

[ ] You are a gleaner at least 1 time in the past month near Tandayag

[ ] You are a gleaner at least 1 time in the past month in Tandayag

[ ] None of the above

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Marine Sanctuary Marine Sanctuary Marine Sanctuary

(2) Which of the following statements best describes you [choose only ONE]:

-You are a fisher that fished at least 1 time in the past month near the Bio-os Marine Sanctuary,

- You are a fisher that fished at least 1 time in the past month in the Bio-os Marine Sanctuary, - You are a gleaner that gleaned at least 1 time in the past month near the Bio-os Marine Sanctuary, - You are a gleaner that gleaner at least 1 time in the past month in the Bio-os Marine Sanctuary,

[ ] You are a fisher that fished at least 1 time in the past month near the Bio-os Sanctuary

[ ] You are a fisher that fished at least 1 time in the past month in the Bio-os Sanctuary

[ ] You are a gleaner that gleaned at least 1 time in the past month near the Bio-os Marine Sanctuary

[ ] You are a gleaner that gleaned at least 1 time in past month in the Bio-os Marine Sanctuary


(3) Where do you live in relation to the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary? Do you live inside of Tandayag / Bio-os, In Amlan, outside of Amlan, or somewhere else? [choose only ONE]

[ ] I live in Tandayag [ ] I do not live in Tandayag / Bio-os, but I live in Amlan

[ ] I live in Bio-os [ ] I live outside of Amlan

[ ] Other_____________

(4) How old are you?

[ ] 14 or younger [ ] 15 to 19 [ ] 20 to 24 [ ] 25 to 29 [ ] 30 to 34 [ ] 35 to 39 [ ] 40 to 44 [ ] 45 to 49 [ ] 50 to 54 [ ] 55 or older

(5) What is your highest level of education attained?". [choose only ONE]

[ ] Not completed any education [ ] Elementary level not completed [ ] High school level not completed [ ] Completed elementary [ ] Completed high school [ ] College level not completed [ ] College level completed [ ] Completed two-year course [ ] Completed four-year course [ ] Refused to answer

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(6) What religion do you belong? If you do not belong to a religion, please say "NONE". [choose ONE only]

[ ] Roman catholic [ ] Iglesia Ni Kristo [ ] Jehova's Witness [ ] Muslim [ ] Protestant [ ] Jewish [ ] Local/traditional [ ] Refuses to answer [ ] None[ ] Other ________________

(7) What is your primary occupation or sector in which you work? [choose ONE only]

[ ] Agriculture [ ] Fishing [ ] Gleaning [ ] Logging, mining, other extractive industry [ ] Small business (shop keeper or sales person) [ ] Office work[ ] Factory or manufacturing [ ] Food preparation or restaurant [ ] Professional (Lawyer, Health care provider) [ ] Artisan (crafts)[ ] Transportation (shipping, trucking, rail) [ ] Education [ ] housework [ ] student [ ] Not currently employed [ ] other private

company [ ] non-government organization [ ] self- employed [ ] government (local) [ ] government (state or national) [ ] Other ________________ [ ] N/A

(8) What is your secondary occupation or sector in which you work? [choose one only]

[ ] Agriculture [ ] Fishing [ ] Gleaning [ ] Logging, mining, other extractive industry [ ] Small business (shop keeper or sales person) [ ] Office work[ ] Factory or manufacturing [ ] Food preparation or restaurant [ ] Professional (Lawyer, Health care provider) [ ] Artisan (crafts)[ ] Transportation (shipping, trucking, rail) [ ] Education [ ] housework [ ] student [ ] Not currently employed [ ] other private

company [ ] non-governmental organization [ ] self -employed [ ] government (local) [ ] government (state or national) [ ] Other ________________ [ ] N/A

(9) If fisherman, what type of fishing gear do you use? [You can give more than one answer]

[ ] Gill net [ ] Fish trap [ ] Hook and Line [ ] Spear fishing [ ] Other ________________ [ ] NA

(10) Does any of the following apply to you?

[ ] Former Bantay Dagat Member [ ] Current Bantay Dagat Member [ ] Former Fishermen Association member [ ] Current Fishermen Association member

(11) How many people live in your household?

[ ] 1 (me) [ ] 2 [ ] 3 [ ] 4 [ ] 5 [ ] 6 [ ] 7 [ ] 8 [ ] 9 [ ] 10 [ ] More than 10

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(12) In the past calendar year, from January to December, what is your best estimate of the total income earned by all family members who are living with you. Again, this information will not be shared with anyone.

[ ] Below 30,000 Pesos [ ] Between 30,000 and 50,000 [ ] Between 50,001 and 75,000 [ ] Between 75,001 and 100,000 [ ] Greater than 100,000 Pesos W[ ] Not sure [ ] Refused

(13) What percentage of this annual income comes from fishing?

[ ] 0% [ ] 1 - 20% [ ] 21 - 40% [ ] 41 - 60% [ ] 61 - 80% [ ] 81 - 100%

(14) What percentage of this annual income comes from gleaning?

[ ] 0% [ ] 1 - 20% [ ] 21 - 40% [ ] 41 - 60% [ ] 61 - 80% [ ] 81 - 100%

Section 3: Trusted Sources of Information & Media Access/Exposure

(15) People hear information about the environment from many different sources. Please tell me whether you would find these sources as "Most trustworthy, Very trustworthy, Somewhat trustworthy, or Not trustworthy.

(A) Person on the radio:

[ ] Most trustworthy [ ] Very trustworthy [ ] Somewhat trustworthy [ ] Not Trustworthy [ ] Not sure/Don't know

(B) Kuya Kim


(C) National government environment officials


(D) Local government environment officials


(E) Religious leaders

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(F) Friends or family members


(G) Teachers


(H) Scientist


(I) Information on poster or billboard


(J) Information in printed booklet


(K) Information from puppet show


(L) Information from public meeting


(M) Conservation group volunteer


(N) Non-government organization environmental officials


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(O) Local Community Leaders


(P) Bantay Dagat


(Q) MENRO staff


(R) Barangay Captain


(S) Information received via sms on your phone


(T) Who would you trust the most (from list above or other) if they tell you something about the environment?

[ ] person on radio [ ] person on television [ ] law enforcement official [ ] national government environment official [ ] local government environment official [ ] local community leaders [ ] Religious Leaders [ ] friends or family members [ ] Teachers [ ] information on poster or billboard [ ] information in printed booklet [ ] information from puppet show [ ] information from public meeting or festival [ ] conservation group volunteer [ ] Non-government environmental officials [ ] Barangay Captain [ ] MPA Manager [ ] Bantay Dagat

[ ] Other ________________ [ ] N/A

(16) Out of ABS-CBN Dumaguete, Fil Products and Local Sky Cable TV stations which one do you watch the most? [Choose only ONE]. If you don't watch them at all, select Don't watch. If other local stations, specify which one. [If don't watch go straight to question 17]

[ ] ABS-CBN, Dumaguete [ ] Fil Products [ ] Local Sky Cable [ ] Don't watch [ ] Other ________________ [ ] N/A

(A) In the past month, how often did you watch this channel., never, up to 3 days per week, 4 to 6 days per week, or daily?

[ ] Never [ ] Up to 3 days per week [ ] 4 to 6 days per week [ ] daily

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(B) When you watch this TV channel during the week, Monday to Friday, what are the most likely times for you to watch TV? Please indicate up to 2 times during the day when you are most likely to watch.

[ ] Before 6:00 a.m. [ ] 6:01 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. [ ] 10:01 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. [ ] 2:01 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. [ ] 6:01 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. [ ] After 10:00 p.m. [ ] No particular time [ ] Off and on all day [ ] Don't know [ ] Don't watch/listen

(C) When you watch this channel TV during the weekend, Saturday to Sunday, what are the most likely times for you to watch TV? Please indicate up to 2 times during the day when you are most likely to watch.


(17) Out of the following radio stations which one do you listen the most?[ DYWC, Love Radio, Power 91, DYEM FM, Bombo Radio. Choose only one]. If respondent does not listen to radio, select Don't listen and go straight to question 18. If other local stations specify.

[ ] DYWC [ ] Love Radio [ ] Power 91 [ ] DYEM FM [ ] Bombo Radio[ ] Don't listen to the radio [ ] Other ________________ [ ] N/A

(18) In the past month, how often did listen to the radio station selected above? never, up to 3 days per week, 4 to 6 days per week, or daily.

[ ] Never [ ] Up to 3 days per week [ ] 4 to 6 days per week [ ] daily

(A) What is your favorite type of program that you like to listen to in the radio? Please indicate up to TWO program types you like to listen to.

[ ] Local music [ ] International music [ ] News [ ] Sports [ ] Radio program [ ] Dramas [ ] Religious [ ] No favorite [ ] Don't listen to radio [ ] Other ________________

(B) When you listen to the above- selected radio station during the week, Monday to Friday, what are the most likely times for you to listen to the radio? Please indicate up to TWO times during the day when you are most likely to listen.


(C) When you listen to the above-selected radio station during the weekend, Saturday and Sunday, what are the most likely times for you to listen to the radio? Please indicate up to TWO times during the day when you are likely to listen.

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(19) Which newspaper or magazine do you usually read. Please tell me up to THREE publications that you read most often.

[ ] Daily Enquirer [ ] Negros Chronicle [ ] Manila Bulletin [ ] Don't read [ ] Other ________________ [ ] N/A

(20) How much do you like or not like each of the following entertainment programs? Do you like it the most, like it a lot, like it a little, or not like it?

(A) Tagalog Love Melodies

[ ] Like the most[ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(B) Classic Oldies Music: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(C) Traditional Music: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(D) Local news: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(E) Badminton: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(F) Tennis: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(G) Biking: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(H) Basketball: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(I) Religious programs: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(J) Miss Dreamland: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(K) Concert: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(L) Dramas: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(M) Los Companeros: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(N) Puppet shows: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(O) Internet (YouTube and Websites): [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

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(P) www.amlan.gov.ph: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(Q) Open-air video showing: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(R) Radio program: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(S) Fluvial Parade: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(T) Budyas Festival: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(U) What other types of media programs do you like to watch, listen to, or read about? __________________________

(21) Who are your favorite local singers? [name up to THREE]

[ ] a [ ] b [ ] c [ ] Other ________________ [ ] N/A

Section 4: Assign Respondent to Stage-of-Behavior-Change

(22) Do you glean or fish or both? (choose only ONE)

[ ] yes I glean [ ] yes I fish [ ] yes I glean and fish [ ] no I don't glean and don't fish [ ] N/A

(23) (If respondent said no I don't fish in question 22 then don't ask question and select "behavior is not relevant to this respondent")

I am going to read you a list of 6 statement about whether or not you have gone fishing in the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the past 6 months. I want you to listen to all 6 statements, then tell me which one statement best represents you:

[ ] I have never considered to stop fishing in Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary. [ ] I have considered to stop fishing in Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary but do not want to stop doing so [ ] I intend to stop fishing in Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the next 6 months but have not done so yet

[ ] I have talked to someone about stopping fishing in Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the past 6 months. [ ] I have only gone fishing in the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary a few times in the past 6 months [ ] I have not fished in the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the past 6 months

[ ] Behavior is not relevant for this respondent

(24) (If respondent said no I don't glean in question 22 then don't ask question and select "behavior is not relevant to this respondent")

I am going to read you a list of 6 statement about whether or not you have gleaning in the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the past 6 months. I want you to listen to all 6 statements, then tell me which one statement best represents you:

[ ] I have never considered to stop gleaning in Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary [ ] I have considered to stop gleaning but do not want to stop doing so[ ] I intend to stop fishing in Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the next 6 months but have not done so yet [ ] I have talked to someone about

stopping the gleaning in Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the past 6 months [ ] I have only gone gleaning in the Tandayag/ Bio-os Marine Sanctuary a

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few times in the past 6 months [ ] I have not gleaned in the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the past 6 months [ ] Behavior is not relevant for this respondent

(25) Of the 6 statements about regulations of the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary, which one best represents you?

[ ] I have never considered following the regulations of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary [ ] I have considered following the regulations of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary but don't want to do so [ ] I intend to follow the regulations of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the next 6 months. [ ] I have talked to someone about following the regulations of the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the past 6 months. [ ] I often follow the regulations of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary but not at all times. [ ] I have always followed the regulations of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the past 12 months. [ ] Behavior not relevant to this respondent

(26) Of the following 6 statements about whether or not you have been involved in governance and management of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the past 6 months, which one best represents you:

[ ] I have never considered attending meetings for Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management [ ] I have considered attending meetings for Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management, but don't want to do it [ ] I intend to attend meetings for Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management in the next 6 months but have not done so yet

[ ] I have talked to someone about attending meetings of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management in the last 12 months.[ ] I have attended at least 1 meetings for Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management in the last 12 months.[ ] I have attended at least 6 meetings for Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management in the last 12 months.[ ] Behavior is not relevant for this respondent

Section 5: Establish Baselines for and Measure Change in Knowledge SMART Objectives

Now, I would like to ask you some questions about the local environment and wildlife that live in this area.

(27) Please state below whether you believe each regulation is either true or false for the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Rules/Policies:

(A) Only members of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management Committee can harvest fish inside the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary

[ ] True [ ] False [ ] Unsure

(B) No-one can fish or collect shells inside Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary: [ ] True [ ] False [ ] Unsure

(C) Only Hook and Line fishing is allowed inside Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary: [ ] True [ ] False [ ] Unsure

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(D) Anyone can glean inside Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary, just fishing is not allowed: [ ] True [ ] False [ ] Unsure

(E) It is legal to use cyanide and dynamite to catch fish in the buffer zone around Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary


(F) The elected officials are allowed to take fish from Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary when they visit


(G) When a Bantay Dagat ends his shift, he has to wait for the next Bantay Dagat to arrive before he can leave the Tandayag / Bio-os MPA guardhouse: [ ] True[ ] False [ ] Unsure

(28) Some of the questions I am going to ask you are about the no-take fishing area that is going to be or has been created in your local area. A no-take fishing area is a clearly identified area where no fish are allowed to be caught at any time by anyone.

(A) Are there any benefits to the local community from having a no-take area nearby? (If respondent answers YES then please also ask next question)

[ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(B) (Ask only of those who said yes to previous question)

What local community benefits are there from having the no-take area nearby? You can tell me up to 3 that you know. (Do NOT read out answers but tick as appropriate or add to other)

[ ] more fish [ ] area for fish to reproduce [ ] bigger fish [ ] bigger or better coral / habitat for fish [ ] more fertile fish [ ] bank of the sea / food security [ ] better regulation/management of fishing activities [ ] no more destructive fishing in that area [ ] community ownership

[ ] new skills [ ] better/new access to tourism [ ] better community cohesion [ ] Other ________________ [ ] N/A

(29) I am going to read you a list of people, and I would like you to tell me for each one how much you believe they have been involved during the past 6 months in important management decisions, such as in determining the size and location of your local no-take fishing area. Were these individuals regularly involved, occasionally involved, or never involved?

(A) National Government officials: [ ] Regularly [ ] occasionally [ ] Never [ ] Not sure/ Don't know

(B) Local Government officials: [ ] Regularly [ ] occasionally [ ] Never [ ] Not sure/ Don't know

(C) Local leaders: [ ] Regularly [ ] occasionally [ ] Never [ ] Not sure/ Don't know

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(D) Local fishers: [ ] Regularly [ ] occasionally [ ] Never [ ] Not sure/ Don't know

(30) I am going to read you a list of people, and I would like you to tell me for each one how much you believe that during the past 6 months they have been able to determine the regulations for your local no-take fishing area. Were these individuals the most important decision makers, involved but not the decision makers, or not involved in decision-making?

(A) National Government officials: [ ] Most involved [ ] Involved [ ] Not involved [ ] Not sure / Don't know

(B) Local Government officials: [ ] Most involved [ ] Involved [ ] Not involved [ ] Not sure / Don't know

(C) Scientists and/or fisheries experts: [ ] Most involved [ ] Involved [ ] Not involved [ ] Not sure / Don't know

(D) Local leaders: [ ] Most involved [ ] Involved [ ] Not involved [ ] Not sure / Don't know

(E) Local fishers: [ ] Most involved [ ] Involved [ ] Not involved [ ] Not sure / Don't know

Section 6: Establish Baselines for and Measure Change in Attitude SMART Objectives

(31) Please state below whether you agree or disagree with the following statements on the possible impacts to the local community if the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Rules/Policies are not strictly observed by fishers:

(A) Fish will be scared out of the sanctuary and into the fishing nets

[ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree

(B) Fish catch will continue to decline: [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree

(C) Illegal fishers from outside will be encouraged to come in and fish within Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary


(D) The corals begin to die when the fish are taken away


(E) The local community will be poorer and less united:


(F) Fishers will catch more fish: [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree

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(32) Please state below whether you agree or disagree with the following statements associated with governance of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary:

(A) Only members of the Fishermen's Association are involved in the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary management


(B) No-one knows who is managing the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary


(C) Local Residents know who and what time the guarding takes place and so are able to enter Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary when the guards are not there


(D) The 24/7 guard system is crucial to secure the benefits of the Tandayag/ Bio-os Marine Sanctuaries


(E) There is no patrol boat to chase after the illegal fishers, so the illegal fishers just come and ignore the rules knowing they won't be caught: [ ] Strongly Agree[ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree

(F) Only men are involved in Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary, so the interests and concerns of women or youth are ignored: [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree

(G) The Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary regulations need to be followed by all people who go into the sanctuary.


(33) Which of the following statements best represents you about the presence of the Tandayag MPA?

[ ] I am indifferent to its presence [ ] am very proud of it [ ] I view it negatively [ ] I like it [ ] I am against it [ ] N/A

(34) Which of the following statements best represents you about the presence of the Bio-os MPA? [ ] I am indifferent to its presence [ ] am very proud of it [ ] I view it negatively [ ] I like it [ ] I am against it [ ] N/A(35) Which of the following statements best represents you about involvement in any activities related Tandayag MPA?


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(36) Which of the following statements best represents you about involvement in any activities related Bio-os MPA?


(37) What is your level of support for increasing the enforcement of the regulations of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary?

[ ] Strongly do not support the increase in enforcement [ ] Do not support the increase in enforcement [ ] Support the increase in enforcement [ ] Strongly support the increase in enforcement [ ] Unsure

(38) What do you think of the size of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary?

[ ] Too Big [ ] Too Small [ ] Just the right size [ ] Unsure [ ] N/A

(39) What do you think of the location of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary?

[ ] In the right place [ ] In the wrong place [ ] Unsure [ ] N/A

(40) Who should primarily enforce the rules and regulations of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary? Should it be the Coastguard, Fishers/gleaners, the Bantay dagat, MENRO, the National Police, local village officials, or someone else? (CHOOSE ONE ONLY)

[ ] Coastguard [ ] Fishers/Gleaners [ ] Bantay Dagat (licensed enforcers) [ ] MENRO [ ] National Police [ ] Barangay Council [ ] Members of the Fishermen's Association [ ] Other ________________

(41) Who would you trust most to head and govern the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management Committee? (Choose one only)

[ ] Community members [ ] Fishers/Gleaners [ ] National Police [ ] Non-government officials [ ] Tandayag Barangay Council [ ] Bio-os Barangay Council [ ] Local Government officials [ ] National government officials[ ] Private sector [ ] Academic Sector [ ] MENRO [ ] Other ________________

(42) Has your catch increased, decreased or stayed the same as a result of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary? (If the person does not fish or glean mark as NA): [ ] Decreased [ ] Increased [ ] Stayed the Same [ ] N/A

(43) If the community would decide to increase the size of Tandayag/ Bio-os marine sanctuary, to which part would you prefer it to be extended, Northern, Southern, towards the sea, around the whole sanctuary?

[ ] Northern part [ ] Southern part [ ] towards the sea [ ] around the MPA [ ] Not at all [ ] N/A

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(44) Tell me which of the activities below are easy or difficult for you to do?

(A) Attend at least 6 of the 12 management meetings of the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary

[ ] Easy [ ] Difficult [ ] Not sure [ ] Not applicable

(B) Reporting an intruder of Tandayag/ Bio-os Marine Sanctuary to the enforcement team

[ ] Easy [ ] Difficult [ ] Not sure [ ] Not applicable

(C) Run a Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Committee every month: [ ] Easy [ ] Difficult [ ] Not sure [ ] NA

(D) Participate in coastal clean-up activity once a year: [ ] Easy [ ] Difficult [ ] Not sure [ ] NA

(E) Participate in reef/ MPA monitoring once a year: [ ] Easy [ ] Difficult [ ] Not sure [ ] NA

(45) I am going to read you a number of statements about the management of the local no-take area. For each statement, I would like you to tell me if you strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree with it.

(A) There is a clear plan on how the no-take area will be managed

[ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] Not Sure/Don’t Know

(B) Local village fishers regularly participate in management decisions of the no-take area

[ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

(C) Local people know boundaries of the no-take area: [ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

(D) There was not enough planning done before the no-take area was established

[ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

(E) There is enough money and other resources to fully manage and enforce the rules of the no-take area

[ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

(F) The rules of the no-take area are regularly enforced so that violators are caught and punished

[ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

(G) The rules of the no-take area are unclear and local fishers don't understand them

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[ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

(H) The rules of the no-take area are designed more to protect the fish than to help the fishers[ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

(I) The infrastructure, equipment and facilities to enforce the rules of the no-take area are adequate[ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

(J) There is an adequate communications program about the no-take area: [ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

(K) Staff of the no-take area are adequately trained: [ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] Not Sure/Don’t Know

(L) There is a regular management effectiveness assessment conducted for the no-take area

[ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

(M) Research and monitoring activities of the no take area are adequate: [ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

(N) There are no current problems with the no-take area management: [ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

Section 7: Establish Baselines for and Measure Change in Interpersonal Communication SMART Objectives

(46) In the past 6 months, have you talked to anyone about benefits to the community of a 24/7 guard system of the Tandayag/Bio-os marine sanctuary? If you have, with whom have you talked to about this.

[ ] Have not talked to anyone [ ] Talked to spouse/partner [ ] Talked to parents, or in-laws [ ] Talked to your children aged 16 or older [ ] Talked to your children aged 15 or younger [ ] Talked to friend or neighbor [ ] Talked to village elder or local authority [ ] Talked to National government environmental officials [ ] Talked to Non-government environment officials [ ] Talked to Local government environmental officials

[ ] Talked to a Local Tandayag / Bio-os Fisher or Gleaner [ ] Other ________________

(A) If you did talk about this, can you tell me what was the main thing you discussed? ________________

(47) In the past 6 months, have you talked to anyone about your role in ensuring the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary are well-managed in order to benefit the community? If you have, with whom you have talked to about this.

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(A) If you did talk about this, can you tell me what was the main thing you discussed?________________

(48) In the past 6 months, have you talked to anyone about "the consequences of breaking the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary rules & regulations"? If you have, with whom you have talked to about this.



(A) If you did talk about this, can you tell me what the main thing was you discussed? ________________

(49) In the past 6 months, have you talked to anyone about "your role in reporting intrusions in the Tandayag/ Bio-os Marine Sanctuaries to the enforcement team"? If you have, with whom you have talked to about this.



(A) If you did talk about this, can you tell me what the main thing was you discussed? ________________

(50) In the past six months, have you talked to anyone about promoting the idea of the Tandayag MPA? If you have, with whom have you talked to?

[ ] Have not talked to anyone [ ] Talked to a friend or neighbor [ ] Talked to co-employees [ ] Talked to village elder or local authority [ ] Talked to a Local Tandayag/ Bio-os Fisher or Gleaner [ ] Other ________________

(51) In the past six months, have you talked to anyone about promoting the idea of the Bio-os MPA? If you have, with whom have you talked to?

[ ] Have not talked to anyone [ ] Talked to a friend or neighbor [ ] Talked to co-employees [ ] Talked to village elder or local authority [ ] Talked to a Local Tandayag/ Bio-os Fisher or Gleaner [ ] Other ________________

Section 8: Establish Baselines for and Measure Change in Behavior SMART Objectives

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(52) I am going to read you a list of different types of fishers, and for each one, I would like you to tell me whether you remember seeing someone like that fishing in this area in the past 6 months (show the NTZ on a map of the area but don't mention whether it is NTZ or not) SHOW MAP LABELLED A

(A) Subsistence fishers from your village: [ ] Seen [ ] Not seen [ ] Not sure / Don't remember

(B) Subsistence fishers from nearby villages: [ ] Seen [ ] Not seen [ ] Not sure / Don't remember

(C) Subsistence fishers from outside areas: [ ] Seen [ ] Not seen [ ] Not sure / Don't remember

(D) Small scale commercial fishers from your village: [ ] Seen [ ] Not seen [ ] Not sure / Don't remember

(E) Small scale commercial fishers from nearby village: [ ] Seen [ ] Not seen [ ] Not sure / Don't remember

(F) Small scale commercial fishers from outside areas: [ ] Seen [ ] Not seen [ ] Not sure / Don't remember

(G) Commercial fishers using trawls, ring net, etc : [ ] Seen [ ] Not seen [ ] Not sure / Don't remember

(H) Large-scale industrial fishers using large trawls, purse seiner: [ ] Seen [ ] Not seen [ ] Not sure / Don't remember

(I) Sports / Game fishers targeting Tuna, Bill fish, marlins etc: [ ] Seen [ ] Not seen [ ] Not sure / Don't remember

(J) Other resource users specializing in target fish such as aquarium fish, mollusks (trochus) and live fish etc

[ ] Seen [ ] Not seen [ ] Not sure / Don't remember

(53) I am going to read you a list of different types of fishers, and for each one, I would like you to tell me whether you remember seeing someone like that fishing in this area in the past 1 year (show an area that is NOT a NTZ on a map of the area but don’t mention whether it is NTZ or not) SHOW MAP LABELLED B







(G) Commercial fishers using trawls, ring net, etc:: [ ] Seen [ ] Not seen [ ] Not sure / Don't remember

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(H) Large-scale industrial fishers using large trawls, purse seiner: [ ] Seen [ ] Not seen [ ] Not sure / Don't remember

(I) Sports / Game fishers targeting Tuna, Bill fish, marlins etc: [ ] Seen [ ] Not seen [ ] Not sure / Don't remember



(54) During the past 6 months, would you say that you have been regularly involved, occasionally involved, or not involved with the creation and/or the management of a no-take fishing area in your local area

(A) [ ] Regularly involved [ ] Occasionally involved[ ] Never involved [ ] Don't know /NA

(55) In the past 12 months, have you attended any meeting of the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management Committee? [ ] Yes in Tandayag MPA[ ] Yes in Bio-os MPA [ ] No in Tandayag MPA [ ] No in Bio-os MPA [ ] NA

(56) In the past 12 months, have you participated in the reef assessment of the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary?

[ ] Yes in Tandayag MPA[ ] Yes in Bio-os MPA [ ] No in Tandayag MPA [ ] No in Bio-os MPA [ ] NA

(57) In the past six months, did you agree to a guarding schedule with the MENRO and your team? [ ] Yes [ ] No

(58) In the past six months, how was the compliance of the Bantay Dagat guarding at the Tandayag/ Bio-os marine sanctuary to the agreed guarding schedule?

[ ] Less than 25% of the Bantay Dagat follow the guarding schedule diligently [ ] 26%-50% of the Bantay Dagat follow the guarding schedule [ ] 51%-75% of the Bantay Dagat follow the guarding schedule [ ] 76%-100% of the Bantay Dagat follow the guarding schedule [ ] N/A

(59) In the past six months, have you participated in any of the activities related to Tandayag MPA?

[ ] Coastal clean-up [ ] Community meeting [ ] Reporting violations [ ] Other ________________

(60) In the past six months, have you participated in any of the activities related to Bio-os MPA?

[ ] Coastal clean-up [ ] Community meeting [ ] Reporting violations [ ] Other ________________

(61) In the last six months have you heard of anyone reporting someone breaking the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary rules & regulations to the enforcement team? : [ ] Yes [ ] No

(62) If you were to report someone who has broken the rules & regulations of the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary, who would you report them to? [YOU CAN CHOOSE MORE THAN ONE ANSWER].

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[ ] Local police [ ] Bantay Dagat Member [ ] MENRO [ ] Barangay Captain [ ] Municipal mayor [ ] Next door neighbor [ ] Husband/Wife.[ ] Would Not Report [ ] Other ________________

Section 9: Understand Barriers & Benefits of Behavior Change

(63) What benefits might there be in establishing a Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Committee ? (Write in one or more answer, None or Don’t Know) : ________________

(64) If you were to encourage a friend to stop intruding in the MPA to fish, what would you suggest would be a good incentive?

[ ] receive public recognition by the Mayor [ ] receive public recognition in the media [ ] be celebrated at a fiesta [ ] receive an award [ ] knowing that you are protecting the food security of the children in the community [ ] Other ________________

(65) If you were to encourage a friend to take part in the MPA management meetings, what would you suggest to be a good incentive?

[ ] receive public recognition by the Mayor [ ] receive public recognition in the media [ ] be celebrated at a fiesta [ ] receive an award [ ] knowing that you are protecting the food security of the children in the community [ ] Other ________________

Section 10: Exposure to Campaign Activities & Messages

(66) I am going to ask you about a number of ways in which you may or may not have seen or heard about the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary. For each method, please tell me whether you remember seeing or hearing that source in the past 6 months.

(A) Tagalog Love Melody: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(B) Classic Oldies Music: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(C) Traditional Music: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(D) Local News: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(E) National News: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(F) Sports: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(G) Religious Media Program: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

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(H) Talk Show Program: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(I) Drama: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(J) Comedy: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(K) Puppet Show: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(L) Locally Produced Video: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(M) Poster or Billboard: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(N) Printed Booklet: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(O) Public Meeting (Festival): [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(P) sms on your phone: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(67) Of the different ways mentioned above about Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the past 6 months, which one, if any, did you think had the most impact on you? ________________

(68) Of the different ways in which you learned about Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the past 6 months, what do you think was the most important message you learned from them?________________

Section 11: Ground truthing

(69) Please have a look at the 3 photographs labeled A,B,C. Which of the sea creatures shown on the photograph do you like best? [ ] A (napoleon wrasse)[ ] B (grouper "lapu-lapu") [ ] C (giant clam)

(70) I am going to read you a number of strategies that might help solve any possible current problems in the management of your local no-take area. For each strategy, I would like you to tell me if you strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree that it would help solve any current problems with managing the no-take area.

(A) Increased local community involvement in management of the no-take area: [ ] Strong Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree[ ] Not Sure/Don’t Know

(B) Limiting involvement in management of the no-take area to fishers only: [ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

(C) Increased and strict law enforcement of the no-take area rules by Police / Navy and Enforcers

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[ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

(D) Increased and strict law enforcement of rules by local community fishers with enforcement rights

[ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

(E) Develop new rules for the no-take area in a process that includes the whole community

[ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

(F) Change the size and/or the location of the no-take area: [ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

(G) Make sure that local fishers have the exclusive right to fish in the areas around the no-take area

[ ] SA [ ] A [ ] D [ ] SD [ ] NS/DK

Additional questions please

A. Question on “ambassador” for social marketing

Among the people I will mention here, who would you trust most if they told you something about the environment?

[ ] Kuya Kim [ ] Chin Chin Guttierez [ ] Kim Atienza [ ] Cesar Montano [ ] Antonio Oposa, Jr. [ ] Richard Guttierez [ ] Other ________________

B. Additional questions on climate change

1. Do you strongly agree (SA), agree (A), disagree (D), strongly disagree (SD), Not sure/Don’t know (NS/DK) with the following statement:

a. Climate change is not going to cause any problems in my community: ( )SA ( )A ( )D ( )SD ( )NS/DK

b. Climate change is already a problem in my community: ( )SA ( ) A ( )D ( )SD ( )NS/DK

c. Climate change is likely to become a real problem for my community in the coming 5-10 years

( )SA ( )A ( )D ( )SD ( )NS/DK

d. If our local NTZ is well managed it will help buffer some of the effects of climate change in the future

( )SA ( )A ( )D ( )SD ( )NS/DK

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2. Name up to 3 ways in which you believe climate change could affect your community in the next 5-10 years (DO NOT READ OUT OPTIONS - SELECT UP TO 3)

( ) sea level rise

( )increased water temperature leading death of corals and less fish

( )increase of typhoon frequency,

( ) increase of typhoon strength, less reliable work and crops

( ) more people from the upland will move to the coastal areas in case of crop failure

( ) change in weather patterns

( ) less rain

( )other____

( )N/A

Thank you for all of your help in responding to this anonymous questionnaire survey

ANSWER SHEETBaseline Survey (2011) and Post-campaign Survey (2012)

You must be at least 15 years old in order to participate in our survey.

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Participation in this survey is voluntary and you can choose not to answer any individual question or all of the questions. However, your views are important to us and I hope you will participate.

Respondent agrees to be interviewed (If no, keep tally on separate sheet of paper): [ ] Yes

Section 1: Background information filled in prior to the interview without asking the respondent

Interviewer: __________________________________________

Barangay Tandayag: [ ] Tandayag Sur [ ] Tandayag Central [ ] Tandayag Norte

Barangay Bio-os: [ ] Buswang [ ] Cambisay [ ] Cambajo [ ] Sug-ong [ ] Tabuan

[ ] Talay [ ] Highway

Other barangay:

Enumeration area (EA):

Date (month/day/year):

Survey period: [ ] Post-campaign (June 2012) [ ] Pre campaign - Baseline (Feb 2011)

Gender of respondent: [ ] Male [ ] Female

Sampling methodology: [ ] random community of Tandayag

[ ] random community of Bio-os

[ ] fishers of Tandayag [ ] fishers of Bio-os

[ ] MPA Enforcement Team

[ ] Amlan-LGU employee

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(1) [Choose only ONE]: [ ] You are a fisher at least 1 time in the past month near Tandayag Marine Sanctuary

[ ] You are a fisher at least 1 time in the past month in Tandayag Marine Sanctuary

[ ] You are a gleaner at least 1 time in the past month near Tandayag Marine Sanctuary

[ ] You are a gleaner at least 1 time in the past month in Tandayag Marine Sanctuary


(2) [Choose only ONE]: [ ] You are a fisher that fished at least 1 time in the past month near the Bio-os Sanctuary

[ ] You are a fisher that fished at least 1 time in the past month in the Bio-os Sanctuary

[ ] You are a gleaner that gleaned at least 1 time in the past month near the Bio-os Marine Sanctuary

[ ] You are a gleaner that gleaned at least 1 time in past month in the Bio-os Marine Sanctuary


(3) [Choose only ONE]: [ ] I live in Tandayag [ ] I do not live in Tandayag / Bio-os, but I live in Amlan

[ ] I live in Bio-os [ ] I live outside of Amlan

[ ] Other_____________

(4) [ ] 14 or younger

[ ] 15 to 19

[ ] 20 to 24

[ ] 25 to 29

[ ] 30 to 34

[ ] 35 to 39

[ ] 40 to 44

[ ] 45 to 49

[ ] 50 to 54 [ ] 55 or older

(5) [Choose only ONE]: [ ] Not completed any education

[ ] Elementary level not completed

[ ] High school level not completed

[ ] Completed elementary

[ ] Completed high school

[ ] College level not completed

[ ] College level completed

[ ] Completed two-year course

[ ] Completed four-year course

[ ] Refused to answer

(6) [Choose ONE only]:

[ ] Roman catholic

[ ] Iglesia Ni Kristo

[ ] Jehova's Witness

[ ] Muslim

[ ] Protestant

[ ] Jewish

[ ] Local/traditional

[ ] Refuses to answer

[ ] None

[ ] Other ____________

(7) [Choose ONE only]: [ ] Agriculture [ ] Small business (shop keeper or sales person)

[ ] Professional (Lawyer, Health care

[ ] housework[ ] student[ ] Not currently

[ ] government (local)

[ ] government (state or

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[ ] Fishing

[ ] Gleaning

[ ] Logging, mining, other extractive industry

[ ] Office work

[ ] Factory or manufacturing

[ ] Food preparation or restaurant

provider)

[ ] Artisan (crafts)

[ ] Transportation (shipping, trucking, rail)

[ ] Education

employed [ ] other private company

[ ] non-government organization [ ] self- employed

national)

[ ] Other ____________

[ ] N/A

(8) [Choose ONE only]: [ ] Agriculture

[ ] Fishing

[ ] Gleaning

[ ] Logging, mining, other extractive industry

[ ] Small business (shop keeper or sales person)

[ ] Office work

[ ] Factory or manufacturing

[ ] Food preparation or restaurant

[ ] Professional (Lawyer, Health care provider)

[ ] Artisan (crafts)

[ ] Transportation (shipping, trucking, rail)

[ ] Education

[ ] housework[ ] student[ ] Not currently employed [ ] other private company

[ ] non-government organization [ ] self- employed

[ ] government (local)

[ ] government (state or national)

[ ] Other ____________

[ ] N/A

(9) [You can give more than one answer]

[ ] Gill net [ ] Fish trap [ ] Hook and Line [ ] Spear fishing [ ] Other ____________

[ ] NA

(10) [ ] Former Bantay Dagat Member

[ ] Current Bantay Dagat Member

[ ] Former Fishermen Association member

[ ] Current Fishermen Association member

[ ] NA

(11) [ ] 1 (me)

[ ] 2

[ ] 3

[ ] 4

[ ] 5

[ ] 7

[ ] 8

[ ] 9

[ ] 10 [ ] More than 10

(12) [ ] Below 30,000 Pesos

[ ] Between 30,000 and 50,000

[ ] Between 50,001 and 75,000

[ ] Between 75,001 and 100,000

[ ] Greater than 100,000 Pesos

[ ] Not sure

[ ] Refused

(13) [ ] 0% [ ] 1-20% [ ] 21-40% [ ] 41-60% [ ] 61-80% [ ] 81- 100%

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(14) [ ] 0% [ ] 1-20% [ ] 21-40% [ ] 41-60% [ ] 61-80% [ ] 81- 100%

(15) Answer options: "Most trustworthy, Very trustworthy, Somewhat trustworthy, or Not trustworthy.

(A) Person on the radio:

[ ] Most trustworthy [ ] Very trustworthy [ ] Somewhat trustworthy

[ ] Not Trustworthy [ ] Not sure/Don't know

(B) Kuya Kim: [ ] Most trustworthy [ ] Very trustworthy [ ] Somewhat trustworthy


(C) National government environment officials:



(D) Local government environment officials:



(E) Religious leaders: [ ] Most trustworthy [ ] Very trustworthy [ ] Somewhat trustworthy


(F) Friends or family members:



(G) Teachers: [ ] Most trustworthy [ ] Very trustworthy [ ] Somewhat trustworthy


(H) Scientist: [ ] Most trustworthy [ ] Very trustworthy [ ] Somewhat trustworthy


(I) Information on poster or billboard:



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(J) Information in printed booklet:



(K) Information from puppet show:



(L) Information from public meeting:



(M) Conservation group volunteer:



(N) Non-government organization environmental officials:



(O) Local Community Leaders:



(P) Bantay Dagat: [ ] Most trustworthy [ ] Very trustworthy [ ] Somewhat trustworthy


(Q) MENRO staff: [ ] Most trustworthy [ ] Very trustworthy [ ] Somewhat trustworthy


(R) Barangay Captain: [ ] Most trustworthy [ ] Very trustworthy [ ] Somewhat trustworthy


(S) Information received via sms on your phone:



(T) Most trusted? [ ] person on radio

[ ] person on television

[ ] law enforcement official

[ ] local government environment official

[ ] local community leaders

[ ] Religious Leaders

[ ] Teachers

[ ] information on poster or billboard

[ ] information in printed booklet

[ ] information from public meeting or festival

[ ] conservation group volunteer

[ ] Barangay Captain

[ ] MPA Manager

[ ] Bantay Dagat

[ ] Other ___________

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[ ] national government environment official

[ ] friends or family members

[ ] information from puppet show

[ ] Non-government environmental officials

[ ] N/A

(16) [Choose only ONE]. If you don't watch them at all, select Don't watch. If other local stations, specify which one. [If don't watch go straight to question 17]

[ ] ABS-CBN, Dumaguete [ ] Fil Products [ ] Local Sky Cable [ ] Don't watch [ ] Other ________________ [ ] N/A

(A) [ ] Never [ ] Up to 3 days per week [ ] 4 to 6 days per week [ ] daily

(B) Please indicate up to 2 times during the day when you are most likely to watch.


(C) Please indicate up to 2 times during the day when you are most likely to watch.


(17) [Choose only one]. If respondent does not listen to radio, select Don't listen and go straight to question 18. If other local stations specify.

[ ] DYWC [ ] Love Radio [ ] Power 91 [ ] DYEM FM [ ] Bombo Radio[ ] Don't listen to the radio [ ] Other ________________ [ ] N/A

(18) [ ] Never [ ] Up to 3 days per week [ ] 4 to 6 days per week [ ] daily

(A) [ ] Local music [ ] International music [ ] News [ ] Sports [ ] Radio program [ ] Dramas [ ] Religious [ ] No favorite[ ] Don't listen to radio [ ] Other ________________

(B) Please indicate up to TWO times during the day when you are most likely to listen.[ ] Before 6:00 a.m. [ ] 6:01 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. [ ] 10:01 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. [ ] 2:01 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. [ ] 6:01 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. [ ] After 10:00 p.m. [ ] No particular time [ ] Off and on all day [ ] Don't know [ ] Don't watch/listen

(C) Please indicate up to TWO times during the day when you are likely to listen.

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(19) Please tell me up to THREE publications that you read most often.

[ ] Daily Enquirer [ ] Negros Chronicle [ ] Manila Bulletin [ ] Don't read [ ] Other ________________ [ ] N/A

(20)

(A) Tagalog Love Melodies: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(B) Classic Oldies Music: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(C) Traditional Music: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(D) Local news: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(E) Badminton: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(F) Tennis: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(G) Biking: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(H) Basketball: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(I) Religious programs: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(J) Miss Dreamland: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(L) Concert: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(M) Los Companeros: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(N) Puppet shows: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(O) Internet (YouTube and Websites): [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(P) www.amlan.gov.ph: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(Q) Open-air video showing: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(R) Radio program: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

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(S) Fluvial Parade: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(T) Budyas Festival: [ ] Like the most [ ] Like a lot [ ] Like a little [ ] Not liked

(U) What other types of media programs do you like to watch, listen to, or read about? __________________________

(21) [name up to THREE]: [ ] a____________ [ ] b____________ [ ] c__________[ ] Other ____________ [ ] N/A

(22) (Choose only ONE): [ ] yes I glean [ ] yes I fish [ ] yes I glean and fish [ ] no I don't glean and don't fish [ ] N/A

(23) (If respondent said no I don't fish in question 22 then don't ask question and select "behavior is not relevant to this respondent")

[ ] I have never considered to stop fishing in Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary.[ ] I have considered to stop fishing in Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary but do not want to stop doing so[ ] I intend to stop fishing in Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the next 6 months but have not done so yet[ ] I have talked to someone about stopping fishing in Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the past 6 months.[ ] I have only gone fishing in the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary a few times in the past 6 months[ ] I have not fished in the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the past 6 months [ ] Behavior is not relevant for this respondent(24) (If respondent said no I don't glean in question 22 then don't ask question and select "behavior is not relevant to this respondent")

[ ] I have never considered to stop gleaning in Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary[ ] I have considered to stop gleaning but do not want to stop doing so[ ] I intend to stop fishing in Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the next 6 months but have not done so yet[ ] I have talked to someone about stopping the gleaning in Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the past 6 months [ ] I have only gone gleaning in the Tandayag/ Bio-os Marine Sanctuary a few times in the past 6 months[ ] I have not gleaned in the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the past 6 months[ ] Behavior is not relevant for this respondent

(25) [ ] I have never considered following the regulations of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary[ ] I have considered following the regulations of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary but don't want to do so[ ] I intend to follow the regulations of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the next 6 months[ ] I have talked to someone about following the regulations of the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the past 6 months.[ ] I often follow the regulations of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary but not at all times.[ ] I have always followed the regulations of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in the past 12 months.[ ] Behavior not relevant to this respondent

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(26) [ ] I have never considered attending meetings for Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management [ ] I have considered attending meetings for Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management, but don't want to do it [ ] I intend to attend meetings for Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management in the next 6 months but have not done so yet[ ] I have talked to someone about attending meetings of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management in the last 12 months.[ ] I have attended at least 1 meetings for Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management in the last 12 months.[ ] I have attended at least 6 meetings for Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management in the last 12 months.[ ] Behavior is not relevant for this respondent

(27) A. [ ] True [ ] False [ ] Unsure B. [ ] True [ ] False [ ] Unsure C. [ ] True [ ] False [ ] UnsureD. [ ] True [ ] False [ ] Unsure E. [ ] True [ ] False [ ] Unsure F. [ ] True [ ] False [ ] UnsureG. [ ] True [ ] False [ ] Unsure

(28) (A) (If respondent answers YES then please also ask next question) [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(B) (Ask only of those who said yes to previous question) You can tell me up to 3 that you know. (Do NOT read out answers but tick as appropriate or add to other)

[ ] more fish [ ] area for fish to reproduce [ ] bigger fish [ ] bigger or better coral / habitat for fish [ ] more fertile fish [ ] bank of the sea / food security [ ] better regulation/management of fishing activities [ ] no more destructive fishing in that area [ ] community ownership

[ ] new skills [ ] better/new access to tourism [ ] better community cohesion [ ] Other ________________ [ ] N/A

(29) (A) National Government officials: [ ] Regularly [ ] occasionally [ ] Never [ ] Not sure/ Don't know(B) Local Government officials: [ ] Regularly [ ] occasionally [ ] Never [ ] Not sure/ Don't know(C) Local leaders: [ ] Regularly [ ] occasionally [ ] Never [ ] Not sure/ Don't know(D) Local fishers: [ ] Regularly [ ] occasionally [ ] Never [ ] Not sure/ Don't know

(30) (A) National Government officials: [ ] Most involved [ ] Involved [ ] Not involved [ ] Not sure / Don't know(B) Local Government officials: [ ] Most involved [ ] Involved [ ] Not involved [ ] Not sure / Don't know(C) Scientists and/or fisheries experts: [ ] Most involved [ ] Involved [ ] Not involved [ ] Not sure / Don't know(D) Local leaders: [ ] Most involved [ ] Involved [ ] Not involved [ ] Not sure / Don't know(E) Local fishers: [ ] Most involved [ ] Involved [ ] Not involved [ ] Not sure / Don't know

(31) (A) Fish will be scared out of the sanctuary and into the fishing nets


(B) Fish catch will continue to decline: [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree

(C) Illegal fishers from outside will be encouraged to come in and fish within Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary


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(D) The corals begin to die when the fish are taken away: [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree

(E) The local community will be poorer and less united: [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree(F) Fishers will catch more fish: [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree(32) (A) Only members of the Fishermen's Association are involved in the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary management: [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree

[ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree

(B) No-one knows who is managing the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary:[ ] SA [ ] Agree [ ] D [ ] SD

(C) Local Residents know who and what time the guarding takes place and so are able to enter Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary when the guards are not there: [ ] SA [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree

(D) The 24/7 guard system is crucial to secure the benefits of the Tandayag/ Bio-os Marine Sanctuaries


(E) There is no patrol boat to chase after the illegal fishers, so the illegal fishers just come and ignore the rules knowing they won't be caught: [ ] Strongly Agree[ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree

(F) Only men are involved in Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary, so the interests and concerns of women or youth are ignored: [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree(G) The Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary regulations need to be followed by all people who go into the sanctuary.[ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree(33) [ ] I am indifferent to its presence [ ] am very proud of it [ ] I view it negatively [ ] I like it [ ] I am against it [ ] N/A(34) [ ] I am indifferent to its presence [ ] am very proud of it [ ] I view it negatively [ ] I like it [ ] I am against it [ ] N/A(35) [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ](36) [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]

(37) [ ] Strongly do not support the increase in enforcement [ ] Do not support the increase in enforcement [ ] Support the increase in enforcement [ ] Strongly support the increase in enforcement [ ] Unsure

(38) [ ] Too Big [ ] Too Small [ ] Just the right size [ ] Unsure [ ] N/A(39) [ ] In the right place [ ] In the wrong place [ ] Unsure [ ] N/A(40) (CHOOSE ONE ONLY): [ ] Coastguard [ ] Fishers/Gleaners [ ] Bantay Dagat (licensed enforcers) [ ] MENRO [ ] National Police [ ] Barangay Council [ ] Members of the Fishermen's Association [ ] Other ________________

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(41) (Choose one only): [ ] Community members [ ] Fishers/Gleaners [ ] National Police [ ] Non-government officials [ ] Tandayag Barangay Council[ ] Bio-os Barangay Council [ ] Local Government officials [ ] National government officials[ ] Private sector [ ] Academic Sector [ ]

MENRO[ ] Other ________________

(42) [ ] Decreased [ ] Increased [ ] Stayed the Same [ ] N/A(43) [ ] Northern part [ ] Southern part [ ] towards the sea [ ] around the MPA [ ] Not at all [ ] N/A

(44) (A) Attend at least 6 of the 12 management meetings of the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary

[ ] Easy [ ] Difficult [ ] Not sure [ ] Not Applicable

(B) Reporting an intruder of Tandayag/ Bio-os Marine Sanctuary to the enforcement team

[ ] Easy [ ] Difficult [ ] Not sure [ ] Not Applicable

(C) Run a Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Committee every month: [ ] Easy [ ] Difficult [ ] Not sure [ ] Not Applicable(D) Participate in coastal clean-up activity once a year: [ ] Easy [ ] Difficult [ ] Not sure [ ] Not Applicable(E) Participate in reef/ MPA monitoring once a year: [ ] Easy [ ] Difficult [ ] Not sure [ ] Not Applicable

(45)

(A) [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree [ ] Not Sure/ Don’t Know(B) [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree [ ] Not Sure/ Don’t Know(C) [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree [ ] Not Sure/ Don’t Know(D) [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree [ ] Not Sure/ Don’t Know(E) [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree [ ] Not Sure/ Don’t Know(F) [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree [ ] Not Sure/ Don’t Know(G) [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree [ ] Not Sure/ Don’t Know(H) [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree [ ] Not Sure/ Don’t Know(I) [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree [ ] Not Sure/ Don’t Know(J) [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree [ ] Not Sure/ Don’t Know(K) [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree [ ] Not Sure/ Don’t Know(L) [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree [ ] Not Sure/ Don’t Know(M) [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree [ ] Not Sure/ Don’t Know

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(N) [ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree [ ] Not Sure/ Don’t Know

(46) [ ] Have not talked to anyone [ ] Talked to your children aged 16 or older

[ ] Talked to village elder or local authority

[ ] Talked to Local government environmental officials

[ ] Talked to spouse/partner [ ] Talked to your children aged 15 or younger

[ ] Talked to National government environmental officials

[ ] Talked to a Local Tandayag / Bio-os Fisher or Gleaner

[ ] Talked to parents, or in-laws [ ] Talked to friend or neighbor [ ] Talked to Non-government environment officials

[ ] Other ________________

(A) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________








[ ] Other ________________

(A) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

125








[ ] Other ________________

(A) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________








[ ] Other ________________

(A) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(50) [ ] Have not talked to anyone

[ ] Talked to a friend or neighbor

[ ] Talked to co-employees


[ ] Talked to a Local Tandayag/ Bio-os Fisher or Gleaner

[ ] Other ________

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(51) [ ] Have not talked to anyone

[ ] Talked to a friend or neighbor

[ ] Talked to co-employees


[ ] Talked to a Local Tandayag/ Bio-os Fisher or Gleaner

[ ] Other ________

(52) SHOW MAP LABELLED A:








(H) Large-scale industrial fishers using large trawls, purse seiner:


(I) Sports / Game fishers targeting Tuna, Bill fish, marlins etc:




(53) SHOW MAP LABELLED B:




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(H) Large-scale industrial fishers using large trawls, purse seiner:


(I) Sports / Game fishers targeting Tuna, Bill fish, marlins etc:




(54) (A) [ ] Regularly involved [ ] Occasionally involved [ ] Never involved [ ] Don't know /NA(55) [ ] Yes in Tandayag MPA [ ] Yes in Bio-os MPA [ ] No in Tandayag MPA [ ] No in Bio-os MPA

[ ] NA(56) [ ] Yes in Tandayag MPA [ ] Yes in Bio-os MPA [ ] No in Tandayag MPA [ ] No in Bio-os MPA

[ ] NA(57) [ ] Yes [ ] No(58) [ ] Less than 25% of the Bantay Dagat follow the

guarding schedule diligently

[ ] 26%-50% of the Bantay Dagat follow the guarding schedule



[ ] N/A

(59) [ ] Coastal clean-up [ ] Community meeting [ ] Reporting violations [ ] Other ________________(60) [ ] Coastal clean-up [ ] Community meeting [ ] Reporting violations [ ] Other ________________(61) [ ] Yes [ ] No

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(62) [YOU CAN CHOOSE MORE THAN ONE ANSWER]. [ ] Local police[ ] Bantay Dagat Member [ ] MENRO

[ ] Barangay Captain[ ] Municipal Mayor[ ] Next door neighbor

[ ] Husband/Wife[ ] Would Not Report[ ] Other ________________

(63)

(64) [ ] receive public recognition by the Mayor

[ ] receive public recognition in the media

[ ] be celebrated at a fiesta

[ ] receive an award [ ] knowing that you are protecting the food security of the children in the community

[ ] Other ________

(65) [ ] receive public recognition by the Mayor

[ ] receive public recognition in the media

[ ] be celebrated at a fiesta

[ ] receive an award [ ] knowing that you are protecting the food security of the children in the community

[ ] Other ________

(66)

(A) Tagalog Love Melody: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(B) Classic Oldies Music: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(C) Traditional Music: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(D) Local News: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(E) National News: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(F) Sports: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

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(G) Religious Media Program: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(H) Talk Show Program: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(I) Drama: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(J) Comedy: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(K) Puppet Show: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(L) Locally Produced Video: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(M) Poster or Billboard: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(N) Printed Booklet: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(O) Public Meeting (Festival): [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(P) sms on your phone: [ ] Yes [ ] No [ ] Don't know

(67) ______________________________________________________________________________

(68) ________________________________________________________________________________

(69) [ ] A (napoleon wrasse) [ ] B (grouper "lapu-lapu") [ ] C (giant clam)

(70)(A) Increased local community involvement in management of the no-take area:

[ ] Strong Agree

[ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree

[ ] Not Sure/ Don’t Know

(B) Limiting involvement in management of the no-take area to fishers only:

[ ] Strong Agree



(C) Increased and strict law enforcement of the no-take area rules by Police / Navy and Enforcers:

[ ] Strong Agree



(D) Increased and strict law enforcement of rules by local community fishers with enforcement rights:

[ ] Strong Agree



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(E) Develop new rules for the no-take area in a process that includes the whole community:

[ ] Strong Agree



(F) Change the size and/or the location of the no-take area:

[ ] Strong Agree



(G) Make sure that local fishers have the exclusive right to fish in the areas around the no-take area:

[ ] Strong Agree



A. Question on “Ambassador” for Social Marketing

Among the people I will mention here, who would you trust most if they told you something about the environment?

[ ] Kuya Kim [ ] Chin Chin Guttierez

[ ] Kim Atienza [ ] Cesar Montano [ ] Antonio Oposa, Jr.

[ ] Richard Guttierez [ ] Other ________________

B. Additional Questions on Climate Change

1. Do you strongly agree (SA), agree (A), disagree (D), strongly disagree (SD), Not sure/Don’t know (NS/DK) with the following statement

a. Climate change is not going to cause any problems in my community:

[ ] Strong Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree [ ] Not Sure/ Don’t Know

b. Climate change is already a problem in my community:


c. Climate change is likely to become a real problem for my community in the coming 5-10 years


d. If our local NTZ is well managed it will help buffer some of the effects of climate change in the future


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2. Name up to 3 ways in which you believe climate change could affect your community in the next 5-10 years (DO NOT READ OUT OPTIONS - SELECT UP TO 3)( ) sea level rise ( ) increased water temperature leading death of corals and less fish ( ) increase of typhoon frequency, ( ) increase of typhoon strength, less reliable work and crops ( ) more people from the upland will move to the coastal areas in case of crop failure ( ) change in weather patterns ( ) less rain ( ) Other____( ) N/A

Thank you for all of your help in responding to this anonymous questionnaire survey

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133

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4.Survey resultsTable 1 & 2: Independent Variables to Access Comparability of the Survey

Residents of respondentsBarangay Tandayag / Bio-os Tandayag Sur 26.0%; 241

Tandayag Central 10.7%; 99

Tandayag Norte 20.0%; 186

Buswang 12.3%; 114

Cambisay 0.5%; 5

Cambajo 4.6%; 43

Sug-ong 5.6%; 52

Tabuan 2.9%; 27

Talay 5.7%; 53

Salama 3.4%; 32

BayBay 1.4%; 13

Highway 6.8%; 63

Totals 100.0%; 928

Age distribution of Target Audiences(4) How old are you? 15 to 19 2.8%; 31

20 to 24 5.8%; 63

25 to 29 9.7%; 106

30 to 34 11.5%; 125

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35 to 39 12.4%; 135

40 to 44 11.1%; 121

45 to 49 13.9%; 152

50 to 54 12.8%; 140

55 or older 19.1%; 208

Refused to answer 0.3%; 3

Other 0.1%; 1

Not Applicable 0.5%; 5

Totals 100.0%; 1090

Level of Education of Target Audiences

(5) School Not completed any education 2.5%; 27

Elementary level not completed 16.5%; 180

High school level not completed 17.3%; 189

Completed elementary 18.0%; 196

Completed high school 17.9%; 195

College level not completed 11.7%; 127

College level completed 6.6%; 72

Completed two-year course 1.9%; 21

Completed four-year course 5.5%; 60

Refused to answer 1.0%; 11


Totals 100.0%; 1090

Religion(6) Religion 92.3%; 1005

138

Roman Catholic

Iglesia Ni Kristo 0.6%; 7

Jehova's Witness 0.6%; 7

Muslim 0.2%; 2

Protestant 1.5%; 16

Mormons 0.4%; 4

Born Again 0.7%; 8

Baptist 0.4%; 4

Refuses to answer 0.5%; 5

Adventist 0.2%; 2

Corner Stone 0.2%; 2

UCCP 0.2%; 2

Other 0.4%; 4


Totals 100.0%; 1089

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Source: Data in Table 1 and 2 is based on interviews with 1,090 respondents in the pre-campaign survey. In some cases, the number may not sum up to 100% due to rounding of decimal points or because not all response are shown for some variables.

Residency of Respondents

About 49% of respondents live in Tandayag and 41% in Bio-os. Only 9% of respondents neither live in Tandayag nor Bio-os, but within the Municipality of Amlan.

140

Employment(7) What is your primary occupation or sector in which you work? [choose ONE only] Agriculture/ Farming 2.9%; 31

Fishing 23.3%; 253

Gleaning 0.4%; 4

Small business (shop keeper/ sales person) 9.3%; 101

Office work 1.2%; 13

Food preparation (restaurant, bakery) 1.1%; 12

Professional (Lawyer, Health care provider) 0.9%; 10

Artisan (crafts) 0.2%; 2

Transportation (driver ) 2.1%; 23

Education 0.6%; 7

Housework 22.7%; 246

Student 2.5%; 27

Not currently employed 7.5%; 81

Other private company 3.5%; 38

Family Income

Approximately 27% of the respondents have an estimated total annual income of below Thirty Thousand Pesos (<P30,000) per household. This is a very critical question as this would help us understand our target audiences economic status that could affect their participation in any MPA-related activities.

141

Non-governmental organization 0.4%; 4

Self employed (own a store, tailor) 5.2%; 56

Government (Municipal, Barangay) 10.6%; 115

Government (state or national) 0.7%; 8

Construction work/ Carpentry 3.0%; 33

Other 0.2%; 2

Other 0.3%; 3


Totals 100.0%; 1086

Trusted Sources

“Information from a credible source influences beliefs, opinions, attitudes and/or behavior through internalization. Once the receiver internalizes the opinion or attitude it becomes integrated into his or her belief system. This belief may be maintained even after the source of message is forgotten. A highly credible communicator is particularly important when message recipients have a negative position toward the product, service or issue being promoted, because the credible source is likely to inhibit counter-arguments” (Sadowsky). Peers, community leaders, religious leaders, recognized “experts” are all often such trusted sources. Within the media it appears that the trustworthiness of people the Barangay Captain, the MENRO and the Bantay Dagat are the most or very trustworthy source of environmental information. The information from a public meeting was relatively low for Tandayag fishers. This could mean that the campaign will focus on other ways to get the involvement of the fishers in Tandayag MPA management. For Bio-os fishers and community, the non-government organization (NGO) was low. Thus, the campaign could focus on increasing the level of trust for NGO to help them improve in MPA management.

Table 3: Trusted Sources of Environmental Information

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Sampling methodology

Source of Information & Level of TrustworthinessRandom Community of Tandayag

Random Community of Bio-os

Amlan-LGU Employee

Fishers of Tandayag

Fishers of Bio-os

MPA Enforcement Team

(A) Person on the radio Most or very trustworthy 56.7% 30.7% 34.7% 41.7% 53.5% 59.3%

Somewhat or not trustworthy 33.9% 56.4% 52.1% 55.0% 38.0% 37.0%

Not sure/Don't know 9.4% 12.9% 13.2% 3.3% 8.5% 3.7%

(B) Kuya Kim Most or very trustworthy 62.2% 54.2% 50.3% 48.3% 61.1% 67.3%



(C) National government environment officials Most or very trustworthy 65.8% 27.5% 41.7% 66.1% 41.7% 65.5%



(D) Local government environment officials

Most or very trustworthy 72.0% 34.1% 52.8% 68.3% 61.1% 85.2%



(E) Religious leaders




(F) Friends or family members




143

(G) Teachers




(H) Scientist




(I) Information on poster or billboard




(J) Information in printed booklet




(K) Information from puppet show




(L) Information from public meeting




(M) Conservation group volunteer



144


(N) Non-government organization

Environmental officials Most or very trustworthy 55.8% 14.7% 43.3% 41.9% 16.7% 54.5%



(O) Local Community Leaders




(P) Bantay Dagat




(Q) MENRO Staff




(R) Barangay Captain

Most or very trustworthy 54.0% 78.6% 43.4% 81.7% 72.2% 85.5%Somewhat or not trustworthy 41.3% 20.3% 46.2% 16.7% 23.6% 12.7%


(S) Information received via sms on your phone




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Source: Information in Table 3 is derived from the question “People hear information about the environment from many different sources. Please tell me whether you would find these sources as "Most trustworthy, Very trustworthy, Somewhat trustworthy, or Not trustworthy”.

Media Preference by Key Segment

Table 4 presents the results of a cross tabulation of a radio listenership by employment, and illustrates that the preferred radio stations were Power 91 for all target audiences, except for Fishers of Bio-os who preferred DYWC. All target audiences listen to their preferred radio station daily.

Table 4: Media Access/Use QuestionsSampling Methodology

VariableRandom Community of Tandayag

Random Community of Bio-os

Amlan-LGU Employee

Fishers of Tandayag

Fishers of Bio-os


Other Trustworthy Sources

The other categories that came out in this table allow us to think other possible ways in which we could use as influencers of behavior change. Law enforcement official had the highest percentage of responses, with 14%. The Local Government Environment Official ranked the 2nd other trusted sources, next to law enforcement. The 3rd person that could be used as influencers is the National Government Environment Official, having 13.2%

146

Frequency of listening to the radio in the past monthUp to 3 days per week 5.5% 10.1% 24.5% 10.3% 14.5% 3.7%

4 to 6 days per week 6.1% 3.6% 11.5% 5.6% 5.8% 18.5%

Daily 58.8% 48.8% 26.6% 68.2% 55.1% 37.0%Not Applicable 8.5% 11.9% 8.6% 9.3% 8.7% 7.4%

Preferred Radio stationDYWC 11.7% 26.5% 10.7% 21.2% 41.7% 18.2%

Love Radio 3.2% 2.0% 2.9% 5.9% 0.0% 0.0%

Power 91 52.2% 30.9% 41.4% 55.1% 34.7% 38.2%DYEM FM 1.5% 3.2% 5.7% 2.5% 2.8% 5.5%

Bombo Radio 0.6% 0.3% 2.9% 0.0% 4.2% 0.0%

DYHP 2.1% 1.2% 2.1% 3.4% 0.0% 1.8%

Energy FM 0.9% 2.9% 0.7% 2.5% 0.0% 0.0%

MOR Cebu 0.0% 0.6% 0.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Killer Bee 0.0% 0.0% 1.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

YES FM 0.3% 0.0% 0.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Don't listen to the radio 20.5% 17.8% 17.9% 5.9% 16.7% 32.7%

Other 0.9% 0.6% 2.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Not Applicable 6.2% 14.6% 12.1% 3.4% 5.6% 3.6%

Frequency of watching TV in the past 6 monthsNever 12.3% 29.6% 4.2% 11.1% 42.0% 5.5%

Up to 3 days per week 10.2% 10.9% 20.4% 18.8% 8.7% 25.5%

4 to 6 days per week 6.0% 3.0% 15.5% 7.7% 10.1% 16.4%

Daily 66.5% 41.7% 52.1% 59.8% 29.0% 50.9%Not Applicable 5.1% 14.8% 7.7% 2.6% 10.1% 1.8%

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Preferred TV Station

ABS-CBN, Dumaguete 65.5%

29.7%

51.8%

68.9%

31.0%

69.1%

Fil Products 10.7%

9.3%

20.6%

14.3%

2.8%

5.5%

Local Sky Cable 0.6%

0.9%

2.8%

1.7%

0.0%

0.0%

ABS- CBN Cebu 0.0%

9.3%

0.7%

1.7%

12.7%

5.5%

GMA 4.6%

6.4%

4.3%

1.7%

4.2%

9.1%

TV5 0.0%

0.0%

1.4%

0.8%

0.0%

1.8%

Other 0.3%

0.9%

0.7%

0.8%

0.0%

1.8%

Don't watch 11.9%

19.2%

3.5%

7.6%

29.6%

5.5%

Not Applicable 6.4%

24.2%

14.2%

2.5%

19.7%

1.8%

Preferred Newspaper or MagazineDaily Enquirer 17.8% 3.5% 43.6% 6.8% 1.4% 5.7%

Negros Chronicle 11.5% 1.5% 15.7% 6.0% 2.8% 0.0%

Manila Bulletin 13.0% 7.6% 25.0% 6.8% 8.3% 9.4%

Bandera 6.2% 7.0% 5.7% 6.0% 18.1% 9.4%

Bisaya 0.0% 0.3% 0.7% 0.9% 0.0% 1.9%

Tempo 0.6% 1.7% 2.9% 0.9% 0.0% 1.9%

Bongga 0.0% 0.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Super Balita 0.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

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Don't Read 48.2% 47.4% 11.4% 55.6% 52.8% 47.2%Other 0.3% 0.6% 0.7% 0.0% 1.4% 0.0%

Not Applicable 18.9% 30.5% 12.9% 23.1% 15.3% 24.5%

The following results would give us idea what is preferred type of media. This will help us decide which is the best music to use in the campaign song or the type of sectors within the media to target, from news to sport, or talk shows to dramas.

Table 5:Preferred Media Type Sampling Methodology

Random Community of Tandayag

Random community of Bio-os

Amlan-LGU Employee

Fishers of Tandayag Fishers of Bio-os MPA Enforcement

Team

(A) Tagalog Love Melodies Like a lot or like the most 59.8% 36.7% 40.1% 56.7% 40.8% 60.0%

Like a little 26.7% 38.2% 48.6% 39.2% 42.3% 30.9%

Not liked 13.5% 25.1% 11.3% 4.2% 16.9% 9.1%

(B) Classic Oldies Music

Like a lot or like the most 56.0% 44.2% 50.3% 60.8% 76.1% 80.0%

Like a little 26.7% 34.0% 44.8% 28.3% 18.3% 16.4%

Not liked 17.2% 21.8% 4.9% 10.8% 5.6% 3.6%

(C) Traditional Music Like a lot or like the most 46.4% 32.6% 31.0% 50.0% 64.8% 54.5%

Like a little 37.2% 34.0% 55.6% 35.8% 26.8% 34.5%

Not liked 16.3% 33.4% 13.4% 14.2% 8.5% 10.9%

(D) Local news Like a lot or like the most 56.0% 57.8% 68.5% 60.8% 69.0% 63.6%Like a little 26.7% 23.8% 25.2% 33.3% 18.3% 14.5%

Not liked 17.2% 18.3% 6.3% 5.8% 12.7% 21.8%

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(E) Badminton


Like a little 18.1% 22.7% 40.1% 31.9% 23.9% 23.6%

Not liked 59.8% 62.8% 32.4% 34.5% 53.5% 63.6%

(F) Tennis


Like a little 18.9% 22.7% 35.7% 29.4% 23.9% 18.2%

Not liked 63.9% 65.6% 52.4% 38.7% 52.1% 67.3%

(G) Biking


Like a little 22.2% 26.0% 36.4% 34.7% 29.6% 20.0%

Not liked 59.9% 55.3% 36.4% 34.7% 42.3% 61.8%

(H) Basketball


Like a little 23.0% 22.2% 43.4% 35.6% 28.6% 29.1%

Not liked 43.7% 35.1% 23.8% 17.8% 20.0% 36.4%

(I) Religious programs

Like a lot or like the most 56.3% 61.9% 60.1% 52.5% 62.0% 61.8%Like a little 31.6% 19.2% 37.8% 40.8% 32.4% 29.1%

Not liked 12.1% 18.9% 2.1% 6.7% 5.6% 9.1%

(J) Miss Dreamland


Like a little 43.7% 27.4% 40.1% 47.5% 38.6% 30.9%

Not liked 20.1% 44.3% 17.6% 11.9% 35.7% 40.0%

(K) Concert


Like a little 41.7% 29.7% 36.9% 44.5% 34.3% 21.8%

150

Not liked 19.0% 44.6% 10.6% 17.6% 31.4% 40.0%

(L) Dramas


Like a little 33.4% 28.6% 46.5% 37.0% 28.2% 21.8%

Not liked 29.4% 35.9% 22.5% 21.0% 21.1% 34.5%

(M) Los Companeros


Like a little 32.5% 22.6% 44.4% 30.3% 28.2% 12.7%

Not liked 32.5% 39.6% 31.7% 25.2% 26.8% 34.5%

(N) Puppet shows


Like a little 26.1% 24.3% 45.8% 28.2% 36.6% 9.1%

Not liked 57.5% 63.3% 38.0% 46.2% 54.9% 69.1%

(O) Internet (YouTube and Websites) Like a lot or like the most 24.9% 13.7% 43.7% 22.0% 11.4% 12.7%

Like a little 23.8% 19.2% 31.7% 35.6% 30.0% 18.2%

Not liked 51.3% 67.1% 24.6% 42.4% 58.6% 69.1%

(P) www.amlan.gov.ph


Like a little 27.2% 24.0% 33.1% 36.8% 34.3% 16.4%

Not liked 43.9% 58.8% 15.5% 34.2% 48.6% 49.1%

(Q) Open-air video showing


Like a little 37.0% 24.0% 43.2% 44.1% 36.6% 30.9%

Not liked 31.2% 61.7% 15.8% 22.0% 46.5% 49.1%

(R) Radio program

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Like a little 40.7% 28.0% 46.8% 44.1% 38.0% 25.5%

Not liked 18.9% 41.7% 17.0% 17.8% 28.2% 40.0%

(S) Fluvial Parade


Like a little 37.3% 22.8% 53.2% 38.5% 36.6% 21.8%

Not liked 9.8% 50.3% 11.5% 9.4% 42.3% 23.6%

(T) Budyas Festival


Like a little 31.4% 30.6% 43.3% 34.7% 35.2% 28.8%

Not liked 8.1% 42.9% 9.2% 4.2% 36.6% 17.3%

Source: Data in Table 5 is based on interviews with 1,090 respondents in the pre-campaign survey. In some cases the numbers may not sum up to 100% due to rounding off.

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Preferred TV Times

Only about 20% of respondents don’t watch TV at all. The rest do watch TV at different times of the day in the weekdays. Most respondents who watch TV have no particular time (30%). Approximately 18% of respondents preferred to watch TV between 6:01 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. This means that as part of the

Preferred Radio Times

About 24% of respondents don’t listen to the radio. This means that as part of the campaign, if radio is used as the vehicle, it should utilize the time where the most number of people are listening. 23% of respondents have no particular time in listening the radio. In general, the time before 6:00 a.m. and 6:01 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. are

153

Radio Program Preferences and Other Media Preferences

The most popular program types in the radio are news (approximately 46%) and local music (10%).

Other possible media programs could include TV patrol, an afternoon program of ABS-CBN.

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Behavior Change Continuum

Going fishing or gleaning in Tandayag/Bio-os Marine Sanctuary

The following assumptions for Tandayag and Bio-os fishemen are based on the results, as illustrated in the table and the graph:-Pre-contemplation (3%)-Maintenance (18%)

For gleaners, the results show that 11% is at maintenance stage and 2% at the pre-contemplation stage.

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Knowledge and Attitude Questions

Table 6 presents the results for the key questions that were designed to establish the baseline levels for knowledge SMART objectives and to assess other key knowledge levels. This Table also shows the responses of target audiences for each question, as highlighted in the respective response options.

Table 6: Knowledge Questions


Random community of Tandayag


Amlan-LGU Employee

Fishers of Tandayag

Fishers of Bio-os


(A) Only members of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management Committee can harvest fish inside the Tandayag/Bio-os Marine Sanctuary

True 5.8% 4.0% 12.8% 18.1% 10.1% 7.3%

Involvement in Governance

From the survey results, presented in this table, it is assumed that the fishers of Tandayag and Bio-os are at the following stages of behavior:-Pre-Contemplation (3%)-Validation (12.2%)

Only 1% of fishers were able to reach the maintenance phase of involvement in MPA governance, particularly attending meetings.

156

False 60.3% 52.9% 51.1% 66.4% 66.7% 89.1%

Unsure 33.8% 43.1% 36.2% 15.5% 23.2% 3.6%

(B) No-one can fish or collect shells inside Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary True 61.7% 44.7% 62.9% 74.8% 38.0% 88.7%

False 9.3% 15.6% 14.0% 16.5% 42.3% 11.3%

Unsure 29.0% 39.6% 23.1% 8.7% 19.7% 0.0%

(C) Only Hook and Line fishing is allowed inside Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary True 5.9% 3.4% 10.5% 10.3% 7.2% 5.6%

False 63.9% 55.8% 55.9% 82.9% 75.4% 92.6%

Unsure 30.2% 40.9% 33.6% 6.8% 17.4% 1.9%

(D) Anyone can glean inside Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary, just fishing is not allowed

True 26.2% 4.5% 15.4% 28.0% 2.9% 11.8%

False 40.8% 54.9% 50.3% 58.9% 73.9% 86.3%

Unsure 33.0% 40.6% 34.3% 13.1% 23.2% 2.0%

(E) It is legal to use cyanide and dynamite to catch fish in the buffer zone around Tandayag / Bio-os True 1.9% 3.1% 8.4% 11.4% 5.8% 9.1%

False 67.2% 56.4% 73.4% 80.7% 76.8% 89.1%

Unsure 30.9% 40.5% 18.2% 7.9% 17.4% 1.8%

(F) The elected officials are allowed to take fish from Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary when they visit True 29.7% 2.4% 5.6% 21.3% 7.0% 8.9%

False 36.5% 55.3% 74.1% 62.0% 66.2% 88.9%

Unsure 33.8% 42.3% 20.3% 16.7% 26.8% 2.2%

(G) When a Bantay Dagat ends his shift, he has to wait for the next Bantay Dagat to arrive before he can leave the Tandayag/ Bio-os

157

guardhouse True 35.8% 34.7% 41.5% 65.0% 32.4% 50.9%

False 7.4% 13.4% 11.3% 7.7% 23.9% 10.9%

Unsure 56.8% 52.0% 47.2% 27.4% 43.7% 38.2%

Table 7: Attitude Questions


Variable Random Community of Tandayag


Amlan-LGU Employee

Fishers of Tandayag Fishers of Bio-os


Fish will be scared out of the sanctuary and into the fishing nets Strongly Agree 2.2% 0.9% 18.7% 6.8% 1.4% 0.0%

Agree 6.4% 12.0% 28.8% 18.6% 11.1% 7.7%

Disagree 73.6% 67.4% 33.8% 58.5% 70.8% 86.5%

Strongly Disagree 17.8% 19.8% 18.7% 16.1% 16.7% 5.8%

Fish catch will continue to decline

Strongly Agree 9.4% 0.9% 28.9% 11.8% 1.4% 7.5%

Agree 35.2% 22.6% 38.0% 36.1% 38.0% 41.5%

Disagree 49.7% 56.5% 25.4% 47.1% 45.1% 49.1%


Illegal fishers from outside will be encouraged to come in and fish within Tandayag / Bio-os Marine SanctuaryStrongly Agree 8.5% 0.3% 21.3% 6.7% 0.0% 15.1%

Agree 13.6% 14.2% 27.0% 16.0% 19.7% 17.0%

Disagree 61.1% 62.0% 29.1% 61.3% 64.8% 58.5%

158


The corals begin to die when the fish are taken away

Strongly Agree 10.8% 0.6% 26.8% 5.8% 0.0% 7.5%

Agree 11.7% 14.2% 31.0% 15.8% 29.6% 18.9%

Disagree 64.6% 65.2% 30.3% 69.2% 53.5% 64.2%


The local community will be poorer and less united Strongly Agree 11.2% 2.7% 19.1% 7.6% 2.8% 17.3%

Agree 17.0% 16.0% 41.8% 26.9% 36.6% 17.3%

Disagree 63.8% 61.2% 29.1% 58.8% 45.1% 59.6%


Fishers will catch more fish

Strongly Agree 16.9% 5.9% 12.9% 16.0% 8.5% 21.2%

Agree 35.1% 17.5% 28.6% 49.6% 45.1% 44.2%

Disagree 41.5% 60.7% 44.3% 31.9% 38.0% 32.7%


Only members of the Fishermen's Association are involved in the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Strongly Agree 6.0% 2.7% 8.6% 20.7% 5.6% 13.0%

Agree 42.4% 26.9% 26.4% 39.7% 35.2% 44.4%

Disagree 46.7% 57.6% 54.3% 36.2% 54.9% 40.7%


No-one knows who is managing the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Strongly Agree 3.2% 0.9% 7.2% 5.1% 2.8% 3.7%

Agree 11.5% 17.9% 25.2% 23.7% 33.8% 18.5%

Disagree 76.3% 65.9% 51.1% 65.3% 57.7% 77.8%

159


The Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary regulations need to be followed by all people who go into the sanctuaryStrongly Agree 25.1% 13.9% 38.4% 28% 16.9% 40.7%

Agree 48.6% 36.9% 37.7% 49.2% 63.4% 55.6%

Disagree 23.5% 38.1% 18.1% 21.2% 16.9% 3.7%


What do you think of the size of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary? Too Big 1.5% 0.6% 2.8% 0.8% 5.6% 3.6%

Too Small 3.5% 2.3% 25.4% 5.8% 11.1% 12.7%

Just the right size 54.9% 22.3% 42.3% 73.3% 59.7% 69.1%

Unsure 22.7% 50.9% 21.8% 15.8% 22.2% 10.9%

Not Applicable 17.4%; 24.0%; 7.7% 4.2% 1.4% 3.6%

What do you think of the location of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary?

In the right place55.3%; 188 28.6%; 99 60.6%; 86 80.7%; 96 76.4%; 55

In the wrong place 1.8%; 6 2.3%; 8 3.5%; 5 0.0%; 0 1.4%; 1

Unsure 20.0%; 68 30.3%; 105 23.9%; 34 13.4%; 16 19.4%; 14

Not Applicable 22.9%; 78 38.7%; 134 12.0%; 17 5.9%; 7 2.8%; 2

Totals 100.0%; 340 100.0%; 346 100.0%; 142 100.0%; 119 100.0%; 72


random community of random community of Amlan-LGU fishers of fishers of MPA Enforcement

160

Tandayag Bio-os employee Tandayag Bio-os Team

(40) Who should primarily enforce the rules and regulations of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary? Should it be the Coastguard, Fishers/gleaners, the Bantay dagat, MENRO, the National Police, local village Coastguard

6.2%; 20 0.9%; 3 7.1%; 10 1.7%; 2 0.0%; 0 7.3%; 4

Fishers/Gleaners 7.4%; 24 5.5%; 19 4.3%; 6 2.5%; 3 11.1%; 8 18.2%; 10

Bantay Dagat (licensed enforcers) 28.0%; 91 34.9%; 121 35.0%; 49 26.7%; 32 38.9%; 28 29.1%; 16

MENRO 32.0%; 104 30.5%; 106 30.0%; 42 50.0%; 60 30.6%; 22 36.4%; 20

National Police 4.9%; 16 1.2%; 4 2.9%; 4 5.8%; 7 0.0%; 0 1.8%; 1

Barangay Council 10.2%; 33 11.0%; 38 4.3%; 6 9.2%; 11 2.8%; 2 5.5%; 3

Members of the Fishermen's Association 4.9%; 16 5.5%; 19 11.4%; 16 1.7%; 2 13.9%; 10 0.0%; 0

Don't know 0.3%; 1 0.6%; 2 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0

Other 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 1.4%; 1 0.0%; 0

Not Applicable 6.2%; 20 10.1%; 35 5.0%; 7 2.5%; 3 1.4%; 1 1.8%; 1

Totals 100.0%; 325 100.0%; 347 100.0%; 140 100.0%; 120 100.0%; 72 100.0%; 55


random community of Tandayag

random community of Bio-os

Amlan-LGU employee

fishers of Tandayag

fishers of Bio-os


(41) Who would you trust most to head and govern the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management Committee? (Choose one only) Community members

4.0%; 13 7.2%; 25 15.7%; 22 7.6%; 9 4.2%; 3 3.6%; 2

161

Fishers/Gleaners 17.1%; 56 16.2%; 56 7.1%; 10 5.0%; 6 35.2%; 25 40.0%; 22

National Police 6.4%; 21 1.2%; 4 2.1%; 3 3.4%; 4 5.6%; 4 3.6%; 2

Non-government officials 0.9%; 3 0.9%; 3 0.7%; 1 0.8%; 1 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0

Tandayag Barangay Council 23.5%; 77 0.3%; 1 7.1%; 10 20.2%; 24 0.0%; 0 7.3%; 4

Bio-os Barangay Council 0.0%; 0 23.5%; 81 2.9%; 4 1.7%; 2 5.6%; 4 1.8%; 1

Local Government officials 7.0%; 23 0.3%; 1 24.3%; 34 16.0%; 19 0.0%; 0 5.5%; 3

Private sector 0.6%; 2 0.0%; 0 0.7%; 1 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0

Academic Sector 0.3%; 1 0.0%; 0 0.7%; 1 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0

MENRO 34.3%; 112 39.4%; 136 36.4%; 51 44.5%; 53 42.3%; 30 36.4%; 20

Bantay Dagat 0.3%; 1 0.0%; 0 0.7%; 1 0.0%; 0 2.8%; 2 1.8%; 1

Not sure 0.3%; 1 0.6%; 2 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0

Other 0.6%; 2 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 1.4%; 1 0.0%; 0

Not Applicable 4.6%; 15 10.4%; 36 1.4%; 2 0.8%; 1 2.8%; 2 0.0%; 0

Totals 100.0%; 327 100.0%; 345 100.0%; 140 100.0%; 119 100.0%; 71 100.0%; 55




Amlan-LGU employee

fishers of Tandayag

fishers of Bio-os


(42) Has your catch increased, decreased or stayed the same as a result of Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary? (If the person does not fish or glean mark as NA) Decreased

3.3%; 11 4.7%; 16 5.7%; 8 3.3%; 4 13.9%; 10 22.2%; 12

162

Increased 15.4%; 52 2.0%; 7 7.1%; 10 41.7%; 50 26.4%; 19 38.9%; 21

Stayed the Same 27.3%; 92 13.4%; 46 6.4%; 9 48.3%; 58 50.0%; 36 27.8%; 15

Not Applicable 54.0%; 182 79.9%; 274 80.9%; 114 6.7%; 8 9.7%; 7 11.1%; 6

Totals 100.0%; 337 100.0%; 343 100.0%; 141 100.0%; 120 100.0%; 72 100

The main behavior change and barrier removal that will be trying to achieve in this campaign include attending the Management Committee meeting and running the Committee.

Self-Efficacy




Amlan-LGU employee

fishers of Tandayag

fishers of Bio-os


(A) Attend at least 6 of the 12 management meetings of the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Easy

29.2%; 100 15.3%; 53 25.5%; 36 58.3%; 70 65.3%; 47 67.3%; 37

Difficult 16.7%; 57 15.0%; 52 17.0%; 24 10.0%; 12 11.1%; 8 14.5%; 8

Not sure 33.9%; 116 41.9%; 145 41.1%; 58 27.5%; 33 18.1%; 13 14.5%; 8

Not applicable 20.2%; 69 27.7%; 96 16.3%; 23 4.2%; 5 5.6%; 4 3.6%; 2

Totals 100.0%; 342 100.0%; 346 100.0%; 141 100.0%; 120 100.0%; 72 100.0%; 55

Reporting Intrusions, Attitude Q44,B

163




Amlan-LGU employee

fishers of Tandayag

fishers of Bio-os


(B) Reporting an intruder of Tandayag/ Bio-os Marine Sanctuary to the enforcement team Easy

35.5%; 122 26.7%; 92 41.1%; 58 70.0%; 84 68.1%; 49 69.1%; 38

Difficult 19.5%; 67 16.2%; 56 12.1%; 17 10.8%; 13 20.8%; 15 16.4%; 9

Not sure 26.2%; 90 30.7%; 106 32.6%; 46 18.3%; 22 6.9%; 5 10.9%; 6

Not applicable 18.9%; 65 26.4%; 91 14.2%; 20 0.8%; 1 4.2%; 3 3.6%; 2

Totals 100.0%; 344 100.0%; 345 100.0%; 141 100.0%; 120 100.0%; 72 100.0%; 55




Amlan-LGU employee

fishers of Tandayag

fishers of Bio-os


(C) Run a Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Committee every month Easy

18.0%; 62 9.9%; 34 24.1%; 34 48.3%; 58 59.7%; 43 50.9%; 28

Difficult 25.8%; 89 28.3%; 97 24.8%; 35 17.5%; 21 18.1%; 13 34.5%; 19

Not sure 36.2%; 125 32.4%; 111 36.9%; 52 31.7%; 38 18.1%; 13 12.7%; 7

Not applicable 20.0%; 69 29.4%; 101 14.2%; 20 2.5%; 3 4.2%; 3 1.8%; 1

Totals 100.0%; 345 100.0%; 343 100.0%; 141 100.0%; 120 100.0%; 72 100.0%; 55

164

Participation in Coastal Clean-up Sampling methodology



Amlan-LGU employee

fishers of Tandayag

fishers of Bio-os


(D) Participate in coastal clean-up activity once a year Easy

30.2%; 104 29.1%; 100 71.1%; 101 62.5%; 75 76.4%; 55 74.5%; 41

Difficult 14.5%; 50 9.6%; 33 9.9%; 14 14.2%; 17 8.3%; 6 10.9%; 6

Not sure 35.5%; 122 33.1%; 114 15.5%; 22 22.5%; 27 11.1%; 8 12.7%; 7

Not applicable 19.8%; 68 28.2%; 97 3.5%; 5 0.8%; 1 4.2%; 3 1.8%; 1

Totals 100.0%; 344 100.0%; 344 100.0%; 142 100.0%; 120 100.0%; 72 100.0%; 55




Amlan-LGU employee

fishers of Tandayag

fishers of Bio-os


(E) Participate in reef/ MPA monitoring once a year Easy

28.7%; 98 12.0%; 41 47.2%; 67 54.2%; 65 59.7%; 43 57.4%; 31

Difficult 14.7%; 50 20.8%; 71 12.7%; 18 24.2%; 29 9.7%; 7 9.3%; 5

Not sure 32.8%; 112 33.6%; 115 28.2%; 40 17.5%; 21 19.4%; 14 25.9%; 14

Not applicable 23.8%; 81 33.6%; 115 12.0%; 17 4.2%; 5 11.1%; 8 7.4%; 4

Totals 100.0%; 341 100.0%; 342 100.0%; 142 100.0%; 120 100.0%; 72 100.0%; 54

Source: Table xxx is derived from interviews of 1,090 respondents

165

Interpersonal Communication

The stages of behavior of respondents were shown in the previous Tables. This is validated in this section by showing that majority of the respondents have not spoken to anyone about the topics presented below. This means that the majority of the respondents are not using Interpersonal Communication.

A) Benefits to the community of a well-managed sanctuaryB) The need to improve governance of the Tandayag/ Bio-os Marine Sanctuary in order to benefit its communityC) The need for improve level of trust with “outsiders”D) The consequences of breaking the rules and regulations of Tandayag/ Bio-os Marine SanctuaryE) The role in managing marine resources in respective localities.

IC on consequences of breaking the MPA rules Sampling methodology



Amlan-LGU employee

fishers of Tandayag

fishers of Bio-os


(48) In the past 6 months, have you talked to anyone about "the consequences of breaking the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary rules & regulations"? If you have, with whom you have talked to about this. Have not talked to anyone

94.7%; 321 89.9%; 311 88.5%; 123 66.4%; 79 94.4%; 67 74.1%; 40

Talked to spouse/partner 0.0%; 0 0.3%; 1 0.0%; 0 1.7%; 2 0.0%; 0 3.7%; 2

Talked to your children aged 15 or younger 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 1.4%; 2 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0

Talked to friend or neighbor 1.2%; 4 0.3%; 1 2.2%; 3 0.0%; 0 1.4%; 1 14.8%; 8

Talked to village elder or local authority 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.7%; 1 0.8%; 1 0.0%; 0 1.9%; 1

Talked to Local government environmental officials 0.3%; 1 0.0%; 0 1.4%; 2 0.8%; 1 0.0%; 0 1.9%; 1

166

Talked to a Local Tandayag / Bio-os Fisher or Gleaner 0.9%; 3 0.3%; 1 0.7%; 1 22.7%; 27 1.4%; 1 0.0%; 0

Other 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.8%; 1 0.0%; 0 1.9%; 1

Not Applicable 2.9%; 10 9.2%; 32 5.0%; 7 6.7%; 8 2.8%; 2 1.9%; 1

Totals *; * *; * *; * *; * *; * *; *

Role in reporting intrusions Sampling methodology



Amlan-LGU employee

fishers of Tandayag

fishers of Bio-os


(49) In the past 6 months, have you talked to anyone about "your role in reporting intrusions in the Tandayag/ Bio-os Marine Sanctuaries to the enforcement team"? If you have, with whom you have talked to Have not talked to anyone

94.7%; 322 89.3%; 309 89.2%; 124 66.4%; 79 93.1%; 67 72.2%; 39

Talked to spouse/partner 0.0%; 0 0.3%; 1 0.7%; 1 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0

Talked to friend or neighbor 0.6%; 2 0.3%; 1 2.2%; 3 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 13.0%; 7

Talked to village elder or local authority 0.3%; 1 0.0%; 0 1.4%; 2 0.8%; 1 0.0%; 0 5.6%; 3

Talked to Local government environmental officials 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 1.4%; 2 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0

Talked to a Local Tandayag / Bio-os Fisher or Gleaner 1.2%; 4 0.3%; 1 0.0%; 0 26.1%; 31 1.4%; 1 3.7%; 2

N/A 0.0%; 0 0.9%; 3 0.7%; 1 0.0%; 0 1.4%; 1 0.0%; 0

some residents of Tanjay 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 3.7%; 2

Other 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0 0.7%; 1 0.8%; 1 0.0%; 0 0.0%; 0

Not Applicable 3.2%; 11 9.0%; 31 3.6%; 5 5.9%; 7 4.2%; 3 1.9%; 1

Totals *; * *; * *; * *; * *; * *;

Behavior and Practice

167

Data on current behaviors relevant to our Pride Campaign are given in Table 8. The difficulty here is having an accurate report of potentially illegal behaviors. We did not ask the question, have you illegally fished or gleaned this year. Instead we asked the question about seeing anyone gleaning or fishing in Tandayag/ Bio-os Marine Sanctuary at any time in the past 6 months.

Table 8: Behavior Questions

Sampling Methodology

Random community of Tandayag


Amlan-LGU Employee

Fishers of Tandayag

Fishers of Bio-os


Have you seen subsistence fishers from you village in the last 6 monthsSeen 2.5% 3.3% 9.6% 43.2% 28.2% 17.6%

Not seen 81.4% 59.5% 69.1% 48.3% 57.7% 68.6%

Not sure / Don't remember 16.1% 37.3% 21.3% 8.5% 14.1% 13.7%

In the past 12 months, have you attended any meeting of the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Management Committee? Yes in Tandayag MPA 5.4% 0.3% 5.8% 67.5% 1.4% 29.6%

Yes in Bio-os MPA 0.0% 3.2% 2.2% 1.7% 22.2% 33.3%

No in Tandayag MPA 27.2% 0.6% 6.5% 11.7% 0.0% 13.0%

No in Bio-os MPA 1.5% 29.3% 10.8% 0.8% 41.7% 3.7%

Not applicable 60.5% 64.1% 71.9% 17.5% 15.3% 16.7%

Not attended/participated any 5.4% 2.6% 2.9% 0.8% 19.4% 3.7%

In the past 12 months, have you participated in the reef assessment of the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary?Yes in Tandayag MPA 2.4% 0.0% 1.4% 57.5% 1.4% 31.5%

Yes in Bio-os MPA 0.0% 1.8% 2.2% 1.7% 18.1% 25.9%

No in Tandayag MPA 19.0% 0.6% 6.5% 19.2% 2.8% 13.0%

168

No in Bio-os MPA 0.9% 24.7% 12.3% 1.7% 41.7% 7.4%

Not applicable 72.0% 70.6% 74.6% 20.0% 18.1% 14.8%

Not attended/participated any 5.7% 2.4% 2.9% 0.0% 18.1% 7.4%In the past six months, have you participated in any of the activities related to Tandayag MPA?

Coastal clean-up 16.2% 4.3% 66.4% 42.5% 8.5% 35.2%

Community meeting 0.3% 0.0% 1.5% 6.2% 0.0% 3.7%

Reporting violations 0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 2.7% 0.0% 5.6%

Did not participate 2.9% 0.0% 0.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Not participated 0.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.4% 5.6%

Other 0.3% 0.0% 0.7% 0.9% 0.0% 0.0%

Not Applicable 79.3% 95.7% 30.7% 47.8% 90.1% 50.0%

In the past six months, have you participated in any of the activities related to Bio-os MPA? Coastal clean-up 5.2% 20.9% 20.5% 30.6% 54.2% 46.3%

Community meeting 0.0% 0.0% 4.5% 4.5% 6.9% 11.1%

Did not participate 2.9% 1.2% 2.3% 0.0% 4.2% 3.7%

Other 0.0% 0.0% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 1.9%

Not Applicable 91.9% 78.0% 72.0% 64.9% 34.7% 37.0%

In the last six months have you heard of anyone reporting someone breaking the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary rules & regulations to the enforcement team?

Yes 22.2% 4.7% 29.8% 42.9% 15.9% 49.1%

No 70.0% 89.2% 66.7% 45.4% 76.8% 47.3%

Not Applicable 7.8% 6.1% 3.5% 11.8% 7.2% 3.6%

If you were to report someone who has broken the rules & regulations of the Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary, who would you report them to?

169

Local Police, Bantay Dagat, MENRO, Barangay Captain 85.6% 88.4% 90.7% 95.0% 95.8% 98.1%

Municipal mayor 7.0% 2.6% 15.0% 3.4% 1.4% 1.9%

Next door neighbor 0.3% 0.6% 1.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Husband/Wife. 0.0% 0.0% 1.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Would Not Report 0.6% 0.6% 0.0% 0.0% 1.4% 0.0%

N/A 6.7% 8.1% 2.9% 5.0% 2.8% 0.0%

Other 1.3% 0.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.9%

Barriers to Behavior Change

Benefits to Behavior Change

(63) What benefits might there be in establishing a Tandayag / Bio-os Marine Sanctuary Committee? (Write in one or more answer, None or Don’t Know)

Counts PercentsPercents

0 100

Efficient MPA management and implementation 12 1.2%

Food security 19 1.9%

Unity 20 2.0%

Spirit of volunteerism 2 0.2%

More MPA awareness 9 0.9%

170

More fish inside the MPA due to management of the Committee 46 4.6%

MPA will be sustained 9 0.9%

Increasing fish catch due to MPA management by the Committee 12 1.2%

Community will be organized 3 0.3%

Promote tourism 8 0.8%

None 202 20.2%

Don't know 467 46.7%

Monitoring task force is expected 2 0.2%

MPA as breeding ground for fish. 8 0.8%

N/A 99 9.9%

Other 10 1.0%

Not Applicable 77 7.7%

Totals 1001 n/a

171

5.EcoGov MPA Effectiveness Rating

Table 4.a. Tandayag MPA Management Rating

MPA LevelYear

requirement met

Total Score per

level

Thresholds

MPA level satisfied?

Total threshold score per

level

Actual threshold

score

All threshold indicators satisfied?

1 - InitiatedAt least 6 monthsAt least 8 total cumulative scoreAll Level 1 thresholds met

2011 11 6 6 yes yes

2- EstablishedAt least 1 yearAt least 24 Total Cumulative ScoreAll level 1 & 2 thresholds met

21 21 21 yes yes

3 - EnforcedAt least 3 yearsAt least 38 Total Cumulative ScoreAll level 1,2 & 3 thresholds met

12 33 30 No

4- SustainedAt least 5 yearsAt least 50 Total Cumulative ScoreAll level 1, 2, 3 & 4 thresholds met

4 45 30

5 - InstitutionalizedAt least 7 yearsAt least 66 Total Cumulative ScoreAll level `1, 2, 3, 4 & 5 thresholds met

8 57 34

172

Total cumulative score (out of 87)

56

Met/Needs work

No. Criteria/Activity Satisfied Evidence (delete those that are not available in the site and add additional evidence if available)

LEVEL 1 – MPA IS INITIATED [Gisugdan ang paghunahuna sa MPA]

3 1 MPA concept explained and accepted [Ang concepto/hunahuna sa MPA gipasabot ug nasabtan]

see hard copy of score form for evidence

(Orientation on MPAs for affected stakeholders from various sectors conducted. Social acceptance sought through community consultations /public hearings composed of representatives from various sectors) [Pagpasabot unsa ang MPA ngadto sa lain-laing sector sa katilingban. Nakuha ang pag-uyon sa katawhan pinaagi sa community consultation/public hearings nga gilangkoban sa matag sector]

1 2 Site surveyed using standard methods with baseline assessment complete, conducted in a participatory process

report presented

(Reports completed on fish abundance, coral cover and profile on community and coastal management) [Kompleto ang baseline nga datos sa gidaghanon sa isda, kabag-on sa corals, kinatibuk-ang impormasyon sa katilingban, ug mga kalihokan sa pagdumala sa kabaybayonan]

3 3 Site selected with community acceptance [Napili na ang lugar tukuran sa MPA nga gikauyonan sa katilingban]

naay barangay resolution

(Based on PCRA with public consultations) [Gamit ang proseso sa PCRA ug Ecogov inubanan sa public consultations]

1 4 Preliminary management plan drafted [Pagpanday sa pasiunang management plan]

no copy anymore or orig plan

173

(Management plan should include policies, structures & responsibilities, strategies & programs, financial plan and M&E) [Ang management plan naglangkob ug mga polisiya, istructura ug katungdanan, mga kalihokan ug programa, plano sa panalapi ug Monitoring and Evaluation]

1 5 Management body membership tentatively determined [Ang mga miembro sa Management Body nailhan na pero dili pa hingpit]

naa sa management plan and creation of menro naa sa ordinance

(Management core group starting to conduct regular meetings with proper documentation) [Ang pasiunang grupo nga magdumala nagsugod na sa pagpahigayon ug meetings ug dunay haom nga dokomentasyon]

1 6 Resolution and/or ordinance drafted [Ang resolusyon o ordinansa gipanday na]

MO 2-96, revised MO -1-2008

1 7 Education program raising awareness about MPA functions and benefits started [Pagsugod sa programa sa edukasyon aron mapalambo ang kahibalo bahin sa kaayuhan sa MPA]

coral cay ang naghimo ani - lecture on mpa how it works, concept doneby dags sa barangay hall, copy of program presented

(Conducted a series of public education activities) [Pagpahigayon ug sunod-sunod nga nga paghatag ug pagtulon-an sa kadaghanan]

LEVEL 2 – MPA IS ESTABLISHED [Natukod na ang MPA]

1 8 Community acceptance gained and documented [Ang pag-dawat sa katilingban naangkon ug nakasulat]

naay barangay ordinance re mpa

(Documented through public consultation documents, e.g. barangay resolution) ) [Nakasulat kini ug miagi ug public consultation, pananglit barangay resolution]

3 9 Ordinance passed and approved by the Municipal Council [And ordinansa gipasa ug gitugotan sa Municipal Council]

Copy of ordinance

3 10 Management plan adopted and legitimized by the LGU or PAMB [Ang Management plan gisagop ug gipaluyuhan ug balaod sa LGU]

MO 1-2008

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(Adoption of management plan supported by resolution/ ordinance; plan went through community consultations with multi-sectoral stakeholders prior to approval/ legitimization) [Ang management plan gisagop pinaagi sa resolution o ordinansa; ang plano niagi ug community consultations uban ang lain-laing sector ayha pa ang pagtugot o supporta sa ordinansa]

3 11 Management body formed and functional [Ang Management body naumol na ug naglihok]

(Composition of management group and committees identified; roles & responsibilities clarified and accepted; initial meetings conducted ) [Ang naglangkob sa management group ug mga comitiba nailhan na; ang papel ug katungdana klaro ug gidawat; pasiunang panagtagbo gipahigayon]

3 12 Budget for Year 1 implementation allocated [Pagtagana ug budget para sa unang tuig nga kalihokan]

2011- 500T for CRM

(LGU has committed a budget for the establishment and implementation of the MPA) [Ang LGU mi-comit ug budget para sa pagtukod ug pagpatuman sa MPA]

3 13 Enforcement activities initiated [Gisugdan na ang kalihokan sa pagpatuman sa MPA]

patrolling logbooks

(Regular guarding of the marine sanctuary initiated.)

1 14 IEC activities conducted [Ang mga kalihokan sa IEC gipahigayon na] signboards, sa schools IEC, barangay meetings

(e.g. Dissemination of MPA rules & regulations; initial stakeholder knowledge assessment conducted) [Pagpakatap sa mga balaod ug regulasyon; pagpahigayon ug pagduki-duki ]

1 15 Boundaries delineated [Ang utlanan sa MPA klaro] naay boya

(Anchor buoys, marker buoys and/or boundary marks installed) [Mga pataw para sa pagangkla, pataw nga timailhan sa utlanan]

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1 16 Signboards/billboards posted [Nibarog na ang signboards ug billboards]

naay billboard

(Should show either map/zones, rules & regulations and/or other relevant details) [Ang mga signboards/billboards nagpakita up mapa, mga balaod ug uban pang mahinungdanong detalye]

1 17 MPA outpost or other structures constructed [Ang mga katukuran alang sa pagpasikad sa balaod natokod na]

naay guardhouse

(Guardhouse and/or other MPA-related structures constructed) [Ang guardhouse o uban pang klase sa katukuran nga nga dunay kahilambigitaman sa MPA]

1 18 Biophysical monitoring includes local participation [Ang pagduki-duki sa mga buhilaman sa dagat gipahigayon uban ang local nga pag apil-apil]

20 trained locals

(Locals were trained to do biophysical surveys using standard methods) [Nabansay na ang mga local nga lumolopyo aron pagbuhat sa pagduki-duki sa mga buhilaman sa dagat gamit ang standard nga pamaagi]

LEVEL 3 – MPA IS ENFORCED [Ang MPA gipasikad/gipatuman]

1 19 Budget from LGU or from other sources allocated and is accessible for MPA management [Ang budget sa LGU ug uban pang kakuhaan gitagana ug pwede makuha alang sa pagdumala sa MPA]

done for CRM at the municipal level; done at brgy level as well c/o bookeeper

(There is a legal document by the LGU or an agreement with the private sector allocating budget for MPA management; financial reports being prepared and reported) [Adunay legal nga dokomento o kasabotan tali sa LGU ug pribadong sector aron pagtagana ug budget alang sa pagdumala sa MPA; and mga report sa financial nga aspeto]

1 20 Management body active and supported by legal instrument [Ang Management body actibo na ug gipaluyuhan ug balaod-legal nga documento]

naay mgt plan 2008 to 2012 CRM plan, AIP

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(Implements the management plan including enforcement and monitoring activities based on prepared annual operational plan; regularly convenes for meetings; provides a venue to manage conflict or resolve issues) [Ang Management plan gipatuman-naglangkob ug enforcement-pagpasikad sa balaod ug pagbalik tan-aw nga nagsumikad sa gihan-ay nga operational plan; paghimo ug panagtigom; pagtagana ug panahon aron totkan ug solbaron ang mga issues]

3 21 Collaborative patrolling and surveillance conducted by mandated enforcement group and local community volunteers, records maintained and open to everyone [Hiniusang pagbantay ug pagmatngon gipahigayon na inubanan sa enforcement group (PNP) ug local nga voluntaryo; mga record padayon gibuhat ug abre alang sa tanan]

Copy of legal instrumentPatrolling records

(Enforcement group supported by legal instrument; enforcement plan regularly prepared and being implemented, e.g. day/night shifts, by mandated enforcement group with assistance from local community volunteers) [Ang grupo nga tigpasikad sa balaod gipaluyohan ug balaod; dunay gisubay nga enforcement plan-adlaw gabii nga pagbantay]

1 22 MPA billboards, boundary markers/anchor buoys maintained [Mga billboards, timailhan sa mga utlanan-mga pataw]

reflected sa AIP, menro does this and NRD, bantay dagat, FA

(Funds allocated for maintenance of enforcement support structures. May be part of municipal CRM budget) [Pondo gitagana alang sa mga katukuran kalabot sa enforcement]

3 23 Education program sustained public awareness and compliance 62T budget for 2011 CRM education, wholistic approach(A long term IEC program is currently being implemented in support of

enforcement and the general MPA objectives)

0 24 Regular participatory biophysical monitoring being conducted [Kanunay nga pagpahigayon ug pagduki-duki sa mga buhilaman sa dagat]

just trained locals this march 2011, so not regular pa.

(Documented surveys conducted at least once annually using standard methods) [Ang resulta sa survey nakasulat; gibuhat ang survey matag tuig]

0 25 Fishing effectively stopped inside the sanctuary zone [Ang panagat sulod sa MPA nahunong na]

last record 2009

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(No fishing-related violations/apprehensions reported inside MPA for the past year or if violations occurred these have been prevented or duly dealt with such that no overall adverse effect on the ecosystem has resulted) [Wala nay nabalita nga nanagat; mga kalapasan o nadakpan sulod sa MPA sa milabay nga tuig; kung dunay nisulod kini napugngan aron dili makahatag ug kadaot sa dagat]

3 26 Illegal and destructive fishing reduced outside of MPA [Ang illegal ug makadaot nga panagat mikunhod gawas sa MPA]

last record 2009

(Violations/apprehensions reported at least or at minimum within 5 km from the MPA boundaries have been reduced by 80% for the past year. This Implies that baseline violation reports have been estimated or gauged or at least based on the previous year) [Mikunhod (80%) na ang nabalita nga kalapasan sulod sa 5 ka kilometro gikan sa utlanan sa MPA]

LEVEL 4 – MPA IS SUSTAINED [Ang MPA nagmalungtaron] 1 27 MPA management plan and/or ordinance reviewed/updated in a

participatory process [Ang management plan ug ordinansa gibalikan ug tan-aw inubanan ang processo sa katilingban]

Copy of amendments

(Management plan and/or ordinance amended with the participation of various stakeholders) [Ang management plan ug ordinansa giamendahan uban ang pagapil-apil sa kadaghanan]

1 28 Budget from LGU or from other sources is being allocated and accessed for 2 or more consecutive years [Ang budget gikan sa LGU ug uban pang kakuhaan gitagana ug pwede magamit sulod sa duha ug daghang pang katuigan nga pagpatuman sa pagdumala]

Financial reportsCopy of contracts

(Financial reports being regularly prepared, audited and reported; proper procurement & contracting procedures are strictly being followed and transparent, e.g. reports are accessible and reported) [Ang mga report pinansiyal giandam sa kanunay; haom/sakto ug klaro nga pagpamalit ug gamit-nagsubay sa balaod; and reports makita sa tanan]

1 29 Management body capable to run the MPA independently [Ang Management body adunay kahanas sa pagpadagan sa pagdumala sa MPA]

done by menro

(Management body supervises/facilitates management activities [enforcement, budgeting & financial management, M&E, IEC, etc.] and coordinates activities with partners) [Ang management body mao ang nangulo sa mga kalihokan sa pagdumala ug pakiglambigit sa mga partners-pagpasikad sa balaod, pagdumala sa pondo]

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0 30 Enforcement system fully operational [Ang pagpasikad sa balaod hingpit nga naglihok]

17 bantay dagat for municipal waters [6 for tandayag], + police, + 4 menro - pero wala pang enforcement plan

(Mandated enforcement group implementing regularly prepared enforcement plan; enforcement support structures maintained & patrolling activities sustained for 2 consecutive years or more; effective reporting system in place) [Ang grupo nga gitahasan sa balaod kanunay nag andam ug enforceement plan; giatiman ang mga katukuran (guardhouse ug pumpboat ug uban pa) ug namalahutayon ang sulod sa duha ka tuig o daghan pang katuigan; epektibong nga pagbalita sa mga panghitabo]

1 31 MPA billboards, boundary markers/anchor buoys maintained [Mga billboards, timailhan sa mga utlanan-mga pataw]

PhotographsOcular survey

(Site development structures and equipment maintained for 3 consecutive years or more)[Giatiman ang mga billboard ug mga buya]

0 32 Performance of management body regularly monitored and evaluated with community/stakeholder participation [Ang dagan sa pagdumala sa management body kanunay gisubay ug balikan ug tan-aw inubanan sa katilingban]

performance assessment done in 2009 but limited to mgt, participatory only started in march 2011

(Performance monitoring program in place and conducted regularly for 2 consecutive years or more; reporting system for ordinary citizens to complain w/o fear of consequences available and widely known) [Natukod na ang programa sa pag monitor ug gibuhat kada duha ka tuig o daghan pang katuigan; adunay reporting system sa mga mulo sa katawhan ]

0 33 Annual participatory biophysical monitoring and timely feedback of results being implemented for 2 consecutive years or more, monitoring team accountable for reliability of results [after 2 years from establishment or the baseline reference up to the evaluation period] [Tinuig nga pagbalik tan-aw sa estado sa buhilaman sa dagat-kini gibuhat sulod sa duha ka tuig o daghang pang katuigan; ang monitoring team mao ang mupahigayon aron insakto and datos nga mareport ug makuha]

dili pa annual

(Documented surveys using standard methods; reports available; results posted in billboards) [Nakasulat ang mga resulta sa survey gamit ang standard methods; and mga reports mabasa ug kini nakapatik sa mga billboards]

0 34 Socio-economic monitoring regularly conducted, monitoring team accountable for timely feedback and reliability of results

fish catch monitoring initiated sa enrd 1998 for 2 years

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(Fisheries and/or socio-economic variables being regularly monitored by local monitoring team; data summaries/reports are available and easily accessible)

0 35 Environment friendly enterprise and/or fees collected as a sustainable financing strategy

less than 50T bper year from diving fees

(Environment-friendly products/goods sold to tourists, impose collection of user-fees, etc.)

0 36 Illegal and destructive activities stopped inside and within the vicinity of MPA

(No violations/apprehensions reported inside and within 5 km of the MPA boundary or violations prevented or duly prosecuted and sanctioned for 2 consecutive years or more)

LEVEL 5 – MPA IS INSTITUTIONALIZED 1 37 Formal commitment from the Provincial Council giving MPA

stronger political supportno MOU but included in the services offered to the municipalities, office of enrd part sa ilahang program(Gives MPA institutional support to strengthen enforcement and

collaboration)

1 38 Management plan refined with stakeholder participation for adaptive management

2007 CRM plan, participatory process

(Incorporates further refinements after gaining much experience and lessons to improve strategies)

3 39 MPA management plan including budgetary requirements incorporated in the LGU development plan

menro created and with funds to run activities

(MPA incorporated within the long-term LGU area-wide development plan)

1 40 Management body capacitated for fund sourcing got funding from peace corps, dole, ngo network of negros or, bfar, etc.(Can prepare and submit proposals to seek financial assistance from

external sources e.g. funds sourced by local management bodies) 1 41 Effective coordination with appropriate national & local agencies on

CRM/MPA policies and with other LGUs achieved; accountabilities and working relationships among collaborating institutions clearly defined and formalized

collaboration among national and local agencies, bfar, denr, ngos, province, etc.

(Coordination on implementation and resolution particularly of issues that transcend local boundaries including MPA networking with other MPAs etc.)

0 42 Evaluation of ecological and socio-economic impacts conducted and feedback mechanisms are in place

Assessment reports

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(Assessment of resource status and long-term trends conducted; Analysis of change in local economy and long-term trends of user groups conducted; Reports of these studies have been completed and reported back to stakeholders and/or conference or symposia)

0 43 Performance M&E linked to an incentive system regularly conducted walapa(Recognition/awards are regularly being given to outstanding members, law enforcers, etc.; incentives can also include priority for granting of available loans or alternative livelihood opportunities; feedback mechanisms for the communities such as suggestion box, complaint desk in the LGU, village assembly, are available)

0 44 IEC program on MPAs sustained over the years (Information dissemination activities sustained according to long-term IEC program; citizens can conveniently access MPA-related info and LGU-disseminated materials such as minutes of meetings, leaflets, etc.)

1 45 Advanced IEC materials developed and disseminated with assistance from partners and/or private sector grants (e.g. video production)

naay video produced by silliman for use diri with input from lgu

0 46 MPA emphasizes on public education and is being used as a study tour site, residents advocate for MPAs

naapil na sa learning sites pero puwede pa i-improve, alternative site sa dauin(After much experience, members are ready to share learnings and impart

knowledge; presence of identified group that conducts tours and capable of giving talks on MPAs; paper/s written on their success stories published)

0 47 Expansion strategies or enhancement programs initiated no expansion in size…..included in seeding of giant clam by silliman(MPA coverage is expanded, e.g. from a sanctuary to a park; or scope of

conservation activities is heightened, e.g. coral reef restoration, culturing of clams, etc)

0 48 Support facilities constructed/added (E.g. tourism facilities, guardhouse expanded into an education/training center, etc.)

0 49 Revenues from enterprise and/or fees sustained and accounted for about 50T generated from user fees(Existing sustainable financing mechanisms are well-managed and well-documented; financial reports easily accessible)

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Table 4.b. Bio-os MPA Management Focus Percentage Points






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6.Letters of Support (Insert any letters of support for the campaign by key partners, politicians etc) (reference Lola p 169)

7.Threat Ranking(Insert jpeg from your Miradi threat ranking with brief summary explanation; include experts consulted and any assumptions made; if factor chains are not aligned with content of plan the explain any discrepancies) (reference Serena island p35)

Section D: Threat Analysis, b. Threat Ranking Using the Concept Model created through a series of consultations with the marine resource management experts, local resource users and the MENRO of Amlan, the direct threats were ranked in Miradi Software. These threats were also identified during the consultations.

This ranking serves to:1) Identify the highest rank “target” (coral reef and associated macro-invertebrates)2) Identify the highest rank “threat” that impact this target (overfishing and gleaning)

Scope, Severity and Irreversibility

Each threat is ranked by Scope, Severity and Irreversibility against each target using the following scoring guide:

A. Scope (Area)

Very high: The threat is likely to be pervasive in its scope, affecting the conservation target across all or most (71%-100%) of its occurrence/population. High: The threat is likely to be widespread in its scope, affecting the conservation target across much (31%-70%) of its occurrence/population. Medium: The threat is likely to be restricted in its scope, affecting the conservation target across some (11%-30%) of its occurrence/population. Low: The threat is likely to be very narrow in its scope, affecting the conservation target across a small proportion (1%-10%) of its occurrence/population.

B. Severity

Very high: Within the scope, the threat is likely to destroy or eliminate the conservation target, or reduce its population by 71%-100% within ten years or three

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generations. High: Within the scope, the threat is likely to seriously degrade/reduce the conservation target, or reduce its population by 31%-70% within ten years or three

generations. Medium: Within the scope, the threat is likely to moderately degrade/ reduce the conservation target, or reduce its population by 11%-30% within ten years or

three generations. Low: Within the scope, the threat is likely to only slightly degrade/reduce the conservation target, or reduce its population by 1%-10% within ten years or three

generations.

C. Irreversibility (Permanence)

Very high: The effects of the threat cannot be reversed and it is very unlikely the conservation target can be restored, and/or it would take more than 100 years to achieve this (e.g., wetlands converted to a shopping center or a species going extinct).

High: The effects of the threat can technically be reversed and the conservation target restored, but it is not practically affordable and/or it would take 21-100 years to achieve this (e.g., wetland converted to agriculture).

Medium: The effects of the threat can be reversed and the conservation target restored with a reasonable commitment of resources and/or within 6-20 years (e.g., ditching and draining of wetland).

Low: The effects of the threat are easily reversible and the conservation target can be easily restored at a relatively low cost and/or within 0-5 years (e.g., off-road vehicles trespassing in wetland).

Miradi software automatically captures the targets from the Concept Model showing it along the “X” axis with the direct threats aligned on the “Y” axis. The following is the threat ranking for the direct threats and conservation target identified for Tandayag and Bio-os Marine Sanctuaries. As shown in the Threat ranking Table, the summary target rating overfishing ranked very high, followed by coral bleaching, and gleaning. Entanglement of plastic and other tidal debris ranked the lowest. Reef fishes and live corals are equally affected by overfishing.

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Threat Ratings

8. Factor Chain(Insert jpeg from your Miradi factor chains with brief summary explanation; include experts consulted and any assumptions made; if factor chains are not aligned with content of plan the explain any discrepancies) (reference Serena island p38)

The key conservation components of Tandayag and Bio-os Marine Sanctuaries can be divided into three key “targets” (reef fishes, live corals and coral reef associated invertebrates). Each of these targets is threatened by a complex of one or more direct threats. Four direct threats were

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identified, three of which can be attributed directly to human activities, while one (increase sea water temperature) can be indirect outcomes of human activities and constitute natural fluctuation of the earth’s lifecycle.

The four threats faced by Tandayag and Bio-os Marine Sanctuaries are:1. Overfishing (which leads to reduction in reproductive stock, significant reduction in fisheries productivitiy)2. Entanglement of plastics and other tidal debris in coral reefs3. Gleaning 4. Coral bleaching (due to increase sea water temperature)

The main driving forces behind these threats are the fact that there are too many fishers in Tandayag and Bio-os as the marine resources are essentially considered an open access for all. A certain regulation, giving preferential rights to marginal fishers in these two localities, is in already place. Fishers from other neighboring towns are still allowed to fish provided that they only use hook and line and should secure permit from the host municipality.

There are a number of factors contributing to a somehow “poor” management of marine resources and enforcement in Tandayag and Bio-os marine sanctuary regulations. These include lack of involvement of community in MPA related activities and enforcement (passing intelligence report of intrusions).

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Documents

PEP2 Cohort Project Plan - Web viewThere is no high amount of evidence that would show where a particular larvae came ... “If I fish outside the marine ... identification of persons