PEMIWILT 1 i SHARPLES® Iiisalli a I in( %Ion Nruirm erwririlFr files/SHARPLES Nozlejector Type Centrifuges - General...Iiisalli a I in( %Ion Nruirm erwririlFr" for clarifying liquids,

nContinuous solids discharge

nCapacities to over 30,000 gph

nHigh separating forces

nUnique modular designs

nWide choice of models, sizes and operating features

Packaging — Processing

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J D k PEMIWILT 1 _i

SHARPLES® Iiisalli a I in( %Ion Nruirm erwririlFr"

for clarifying liquids, concentrating suspended solids, separating immiscible liquids, classifying suspended solids, purifying heavy oils

BULLETIN NO. 1285

SHARPLES NOZLJECTOR® CENTRIFUGES

• LIGHT PHASE

HEAVY PHASE

Unique combination of features for high-effic -icy processing Nozljector centrifuges—one of several varieties of Sharpies disc-type machines—provide continuous discharge of solids through specially-designed noz-zles located around the periphery of the bowl. This continuous-discharge feature is combined with high centrifugal force to make possible the effective separation, classification or concentration of a wide variety of materials, many of which cannot be proc-essed economically by any other means.

SOLIDS Nozljectors are especially valuable for removing high concentrations of solids, and offer greatest efficiency in handling finely-divided or amorphous solids. The nozzles are designed to permit a free flow of solids through relatively small orifices. This self-cleaning feature enables long continuous operation before bowl cleaning is required.

FEED

Separator bowl configuration for suspended-bowl top-driven Nozljector models.

FEED

LIGHT PHASE

HEAVY PHASE

Separator bowl configuration for bottom-driven Nozljector models. Bowl of given type (separator, clarifier, etc.) performs in same basic manner in all models.

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Performance matched for every application •

A wide choice of Nozljector models, sizes, operating variations and materials of construction enable in-dividual process requirements to be closely matched.

The DH5 and DHL Nozljectors are suspended-bowl, top-driven, bottom-fed models that are available in pressurized as well as standard construction. The DH5 offers high capacity to over 30,000 gallons per hour, while the DHL is well suited to pilot plant or continuous commercial production. The DH2 and DH3 Nozljectors are bottom-driven, top-fed models that provide intermediate capacities. The DH-1500 is a bottom-driven model designed specifically as a self-contained high-efficiency purifier for oils.

All models except the DH-1500 Purifier, which uses a special oil purification bowl, are available with

SOLIDS bowls specially designed for separation, clarification or controlled solids concentration. Processing begins at the bottom of each bowl, where the feed liquid is accelerated to bowl speeds. (In top-fed Nozljectors, the feed is led to the bottom of the bowl through a hollow center tube, as illustrated at left.)

In separator bowls, which are used for the sim1 taneous separation of two liquids and a solid, the feed liquid is then led outward and up through a

Clarifier bowl configuration for Nozljector centrifuges.

FEED 4

RECYCLE

Recycle Concentrator bowl configuration for Nozljector centrifuges. (Clarifier type shown.)

APPROX. WEIGHT

(incl. motor)

8,000 lb.

2,300 lb.

1,900 lb.

500 to 600 lb.

hole in each disc. As this takes place, the three components of the feed are separated by the high

A trifugal force developed by the rotation of the

the same time, the discs apply the stratifi- cation principle of separation—the narrow spacing between the discs provides isolated paths for con-ducting the light-phase liquid to the center of the bowl and out through the discharge port, and for conducting the solid particles and heavy- phase liquid to the outside of the bowl. A small part of the heavy phase liquid is used to flush the solids through the nozzles, while the remainder is conducted up-ward and discharged through a port at the top of the bowl. As on all Nozljectors, the effluents are received by suitable covers which keep them sepa-rate and lead them away.

All Nozljector separator bowls are available incorpo-rating the patented Sharpies Gravitrol® system, which is a built-in feature of the DH-1500 Purifier. The Gravitrol system automatically maintains the highest efficiency in clarifying the light-phase liquid. Solids are thickened into a small amount of the heavy-phase liquid, part of which is recycled. For details on this exclusive system, see page 10.

Ai

rifier bowls are used en a single liquid con-

taining solids is to be processed. The feed is usually conducted to the area of the bowl just out-side the disc stack. (With certain types of solids, this may disturb the ac-cumulation of solids in

the nozzle area, in which

Basic specifications

case the feed can be introduced into the disc stack as in separator bowls.) As the components are sepa-rated by centrifugal force, the solids are discharged through the nozzles, and the clarified liquid is con-ducted to the center of the bowl and out through the discharge port at the top.

Sharples Recycle Concentrator bowls offer a con-venient, efficient and flexible method of controlling the concentration of the solids. These bowls are available in both clarifier and separator types, for processing two-phase and three-phase feeds. Maxi-mum centrifuge per-formance is always assured because re-cycling takes place in an area of the bowl in which it does not affect clarifying or separat-ing efficiency. Control is effected by recycling a portion of the dis-charge from the noz-zles back through the bowl to satisfy a part of the volumetric demand of the given size and num

ber of nozzles. This provides a degree of flexibility practically impossible to achieve by any other means —solids concentration can be varied for a given con-stant feed rate; solids concentration can be held constant regardless of changes in feed concentra-tion; nozzle size can be varied widely to handle particles of various sizes and obtain desired solids concentration.

Specifications for all models are given below, and individual features described on the following pages.

CENTRIFUGAL FORCE

to 6,500 x G

to 9,000 x G

to 9,000 x G

to 14,000 x G

to 9,000 x G

SPEED OF ROTATION

4,200 RPM

6,250 RPM

6,250 RPM

10,000 RPM

8,000 RPM

APPROX. OVER-ALL

DIMENSIONS

57" x 91" x 81" high

32" x 53" (incl. spout) x 61" high

44" x 45" (incl. spout) x 53" high

25" x 41" x 39" high

31" x 44" x 40" high

MATERIALS OF

CONSTRUCTION

1,250 lb. -Packaging —Processing

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Available in all

conventional corrosion-

resistant materials

3

SHARPLES DH-5 HEAVY-DUTY NOZULal

Modular high-capacity continuous-discharge centrifuges winu rADArrry

The DH-5 Nozljector—largest member of the Nozl-jector line—sets a new high in production capacity for nozzle centrifuges with its ability to process over 30,000 gallons per hour with separating forces up to 6,500 times the force of gravity. Extremely versa-tile, it can be used to clarify liquids containing solids . . . to concentrate solids suspended in liquids, and in some cases to wash the concentrated solids ... to separate immiscible liquids ... to classify suspended solids . . . and, as Sharpies Gravitrol ® centrifuges, to purify heavy oils. In addition, the DH-5 is espe-cially designed for efficient operation under pres-sure or vacuum.

HEAVY-DU -1Y 1110CESSING

The DH-5 is designed and built specifically for the

heavy-duty requirements of the chemical indu. try. Its simple and rugged drive system uses no gears. Bearings are away from the process area. Corrosion-resistant materials of construction are used throughout the process area. Features like these make the DH-5 ideal for even the toughest concentrating and separating jobs, including gluten and starch concentration, dextrose-fat separation, tar dehydration, clay thickening, residual oil purifica-tion, animal fat recovery, and many others.

SELF-R AI ANCINC, rmAri

Sharpies exclusive "Plumb Bob" bowl suspension enables the DH-5 bowl—which rotates on a vertical axis—to seek and rotate about its own center of mass during operation. Load imbalances are auto-matically absorbed and compensated for by this smooth natural shift in the bowl's axis of rotation. The result—a self-balancing bowl that operates with an absolute minimum of vibration and wear, and handles higher throughput per unit of power.

•

Packaging - Processing



in open I with recycle construction without recycle

in low with pressure pressure discharge construction with recycle & (15 psi) pressure discharge

in high with Sharpies pressure Gravitrol®* construction with Gravitrol & (150 psi) pressure discharge

DH-5 Clarifier

DH-5 Separator

III ART G!1 rl r A NI 11\1('

A valuable feature of DH-5 design is the speed and ease with which the bowl and nozzles can be cleaned. No part of the drive need be removed or disassem-bled. An integral hydraulic lift enables the cover to be raised so that the bowl and nozzles are acces-sible. The externally removable nozzle holders are then removed, and the bowl simply and easily cleaned by back-flushing through the nozzle ports.

tiLLiiiiiLL, I Fitiut$LL.-

DH-5 design is the result of long reasearch and extensive mechanical and process testing at the Sharples Centrifuge Development Laboratories. The primary objective was to achieve a simple, heavy-duty construction that makes possible continuous, high-capacity, trouble-free performance and low cost per unit of product. A single, simple seal system is used in pressurized models to maintain pressure and protect bearings and other parts from contami-

•

nation and corrosion. The recycle system is com-pletely built-in, eliminating the need for external pumps and piping. These and many additional features combine to provide a centrifuge of great reliability and economy of operation.

monlJLAR CONSTRUCTION

The unique modular design of the DH-5 actually enables a number of different centrifuges to be obtained simply by adding or removing interchange-able parts. 30 standard variations are available, as shown in the chart below.

*Using partial recycle of discharged heavy phase liquid to maintain high clarifying efficiency automatically. Available on separator models.




SHARPLES DHL NOZLJECTOR®

Modular, continuous discharge centrifuges

Ivinnin AR cnnic-rpitrTinm

Like the DH-5 Nozljector, the DHL combines the proved design principles of the Nozljector line with newly-developed features to deliver unusually high performance and flexibility. DHL models are ideal for pilot plant service as well as for continuous commercial production. Sharples modular construc-tion enables a wide variety of different centrifuges to be obtained by adding or removing interchange-able parts.

•

• Packaging - Processing



in open construction

in low pressure construction (15 psi)

in high pressure construction (150 psi)

with recycle without recycle with pressure discharge

with Sharpies Gravitrol®*

with Gravitrol & pressure discharge

DHL Clarifier

DHL Separator

with recycle & pressure discharge

1

Thirty standard variations, starting with the basic DHL clarifier or separator, are available, as shown in the chart below. Each of these variations is available in a wide variety of corrosion-resistant materials of construction.

*Using partial recycle of discharged heavy phase liquid to maintain high clarifying efficiency automatically. Available on separator models.

0

LF-BALANCING BOWL

e DHL also features Sharpies exclusive "Plumb Bob" bowl suspension. This suspension enables the bowl—which rotates on a vertical axis—to seek its own center of mass continuously during opera-tion. Load imbalances, such as those caused by variations in the feed, are automatically absorbed and compensated for by this smooth shift in the bowl's axis of rotation. The result is a self-balancing bowl that operates with minimum vibration and bearing wear, and handles higher throughput per unit of power.

OPERATIONAL FEATURD.,.

The bowl of the DHL rotates at speeds of up to 10,000 RPM (depending on the material of con-struction), producing separating forces of up to 14,000 times the force of gravity. These extremely high forces enable the DHL to process a wide variety of materials efficiently and economically. .As in all

Nozljectors, the nozzles are designed to permit free flow through relatively small orifices, enabling con-tinuous operation for long periods before bowl clean-ing is required.

FAST, EASY CLEANING

An outstanding feature of DHL design is the extreme ease with which the bowl can be cleaned. No part of the drive need be removed or disassembled. The frame top can be removed by loosening just three bolts, raising the motor and drive assembly with the convenient integral jack, rotating this assembly and easily removing the covers so that the bowl and nozzles are accessible. The externally removable nozzle cells are then taken out, and the bowl effi-ciently cleaned by simply back-flushing through the nozzle ports.

RELIABLE, ECONOMICAL OPERATION

Simplicity of design and ruggedness of construction are the keynotes of the DHL centrifuge. No gears are used. Only one simple seal system is used in pressurized models to maintain pressure and protect bearings and other parts from contamination and corrosion. The completely integral recycle system eliminates the need for external pumps and piping. Vibration is reduced to practically the van-ishing point, so that no heavy "built-up" foundation is needed—the only requirement is to support the weight of the unit. These and many additional features combine to provide a machine of great reliability and economy of operation.

The exact capacity of DHL centrifuges, as with centrifuges in general, depends on many factors related to the material being processed and the specific model that is used. The only sure way to determine capacity for a given application is by a controlled test under operating conditions. The Sharpies Centrifuge Customer Service Laboratory will be glad to perform such tests and to develop capacity data for your applications.




High efficiency performance for a wide variety of applications The DH-2 Nozljector, providing high separating forces up to 9,000 x G and capacities to approxi-mately 6,000 gph, is an excellent choice for hundreds of applications with intermediate throughput requirements. Its design and con-struction features, easy accessibility and simple operation combine to make it a dependable process tool that delivers long life in hard service.


ad on E i tit ment

HARPLES DH-2 NOZLJECTOR®

lApir M A C luTA u Amur

Sharpies introduced direct drive to eliminate one of the greatest maintenance problems of in-dustrial centrifuges . . . the clutch. On all 50- and 60-cycle models there is a direct connection between the motor shaft and the centrifuge spindle by means of over-sized worm gears. (On 25-cycle models, a "V" belt connection is em-ployed, but no clutch is used.) The spindle em-ploys a specially designed cushioned upper radial bearing that allows the centrifuge to establish gyroscopic equilibrium at all times.

ny irAI.i y pm ANrrn No balancing weights are used on the bowl of any Sharpies centrifuge. Positive dynamic balance is obtained by grinding specially-built outside shoul-ders without sacrificing structural strength. In addition, greater weight at the outside of the bowl minimizes the effect of any in balances in the bowl during processing. All parts of the bowl are keyed so that balance is automatically maintained every time the bowl is re-assembled.

LONG-LIFE, POSITIVE-SEAL NOZZLE('

Sharpies centrifuges were the first to use special boron carbide nozzles. The long service life of these nozzles is reflected in the fact that nozzle replacement as a regular maintenance procedure is today eliminated in many applications. Unique design of the nozzle holders assures positive sealing without threads, and permits rapid, easy removal of the nozzles and holders from the bowl. The angle of discharge from the nozzles has been carefully selected to assure minimum power re-quirements and optimum flow discharge pattern.

r c T PACV rtlrF

The cover assembly of the DH-2 can be disassem-bled in only a few minutes without using a single tool. All that is necessary is to loosen the wing-type cover clamp nuts provided for the cover lid and upper cover, and the hand-wheel clamps of the lower cover. Hinged-type clamps minimize the possibility of misplaced parts. There is no pos-sibility of sludge discharge seeping into the base of the centrifuge—this is prevented by a deep-channeled cover base with high inside splash guard, extending up to just below the nozzles.

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SHARPLES DH-3 HEAVY-DUTY NOZLJECTOR®

highly profitable and a marginal operation. These are some of the reasons that the DH-3 Nozljector has found wide acceptance for the toughest jobs in the chemical, food and other industries.

Higher power and capacity for the most difficult jobs While the DH-3 Nozljector resembles the model DH-2 in basic design and operation, it provides the added power, the higher throughput and the extra duty performance required for the most severe and difficult applications. In a centrifuge of the same approximate size as the DH-2, the DH-3 incorporates a drive that can handle process loads of up to 50 HP. Liquid flows of up to 18,000 gallons per hour can be processed with high separating forces to 9,000 x G. This extra power and capacity can make the difference between a

MASSIVE PARALLEL DRIVE

Many of the benefits offered by the DH-3 are the result of Sharpies Parallel Drive—the rugged spur gear drive illustrated above. With its inherent low tooth contact pressure and its simple con-struction, this drive transmits peak input power directly to the centrifuge spindle with minimum wear on the moving parts—assurance of long life and low-maintenance performance in continuous heavy service.

+1E- A y T-UU I Y cUNSTRUCTION The DH-3 is built throughout to give long life in hard day-to-day service. It is ruggedly constructed in every detail—from the oversized, extra-heavy stainless steel covers and low-slung base, to the rugged parallel drive, which employs a special triple bearing assembly for even greater reliabil-ity. Heavy-duty construction is also used through-out the frame and all other parts of the DH-3.

CANITAPY rAcv..-rn_ri PAN nrcirmi

Particular care was taken in the design of the DH-3 to insure completely sanitary construction throughout. All product surfaces of both the bowl and covers, including welds, are highly polished to prevent liquid or solids holdup. The bowl and covers of the DH-3 are specially designed for easy removal and cleaning. Special emphasis has been placed on the design of the drive system and covers to eliminate any possibility of the product and the lubricating and drive system from contaminating each other.


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Si-IARPLES GRAVITROL® SYSTEM*-THE ULTIMATE IN AUTOMA

Overcomes all the limitations of conventional approaches to the economical purification of heavy oils, and offers these exclusive advantages: Maximum oil recovery—No loss of oil to the solids and water phases; all the oil is purified and dis-charged in the oil stream.

Continuous "labor free" operation—Purification of even emulsion-bound oils is a routine matter. No operating personnel needed.

Maximum clarification—The oil-water interface is kept outside the disc stack, in the area of highest centrifugal force. All of the disc stack is used for purifying the oil.

Oil-free solids—No sticky, oily sludge. Solids are washed free of oil, are easily disposable.

Simple external adjustment—Quick compensation for changes in the density of the incoming oil. No changing ring dams or other delays. Highest effi-ciency assured at all times.

Self-cleaning—No shutdowns for manual removal of solids. No messy cleaning; oil-free solids are discharged continuously.

RELIABLE, SINGLE-STAGE PURIFICATION OF EVEN THE HEAVIEST, EMULSION-BOUND OILS A troublesome problem in the past has been the difficulty of breaking oil-water emulsions during purification. If these emulsions are not completely broken, a large amount of oil is lost along with the discharged sludge. At the same time, the oil will not be adequately purified, and a second stage of treating will be required for final clarification. In addition, the sticky, oily sludge poses a disposal problem.

The Sharpies Gravitrol system effectively solves every one of these problems, and separates emul-sions that conventional centrifuges cannot break. The Gravitrol system automatically controls the location of the interface, or separating line, between the oil and water phases in the centrifuge. The interface is kept well outside the centrifuge's disc stack, near the walls of the bowl, where maximum separating force can be applied to the emulsion.

*U.S. Patent 3,047,214

This also enables the entire disc stack to be used o 0 clarification of the oil, further increasing both puri-fication efficiency and effective bowl capacity. As a result, Gravitrol purifiers deliver oil of the highest purity and oil-free, easily-disposable solids.

This is accomplished by first sizing the nozzles to handle a little more water than will ever be intro-duced in the feed stream. Enough water is then made available to the recycle stream to satisfy the constant nozzle demand. Under these conditions, the centrifuge bowl automatically accepts or rejects the amount of water required to maintain the inter-face in the desired position.

The interface can easily be kept in the proper posi-tion even when variations in the specific gravity of the feed would ordinarily cause it to change. Com-pensation for changes in specific gravity of as much as 4 or 5 API numbers is easily accomplished from outside of the centrifuge, without disturbing opera-tion, by merely changing the temperature of the recycle water or by adding a chemical such as salt. There is no need to change ring dams, to make other internal adjustment or to shut down for 1111 other reason. This is made possible by the fact that most of the recycle water is not in contact with the oil. The temperature of the recycle water is therefore practically unaffected by the temperature of the oil.

StLI- -1,111 n1 I AMU) I hUL

PURIFIER OFFERS GREAT CONVENIENCE Designed specifically as a high-efficiency purifier for lube oils, fuel oils and industrial oils, the DH-1500 comes complete with integral feed and dis-charge pumps and piping, provides great convenience and com-pactness. Fast and simple installation, automatic nozzle dis-charge of solids and long-wearing construc-tion combine with the Gravitrol system to m reliable oil purification a continuous, routine matte .




FEED PURIFIED OIL OUT IN

WATER AND NON-OILY -SOLIDS

SEAL WATER

Sharpies Gravitrol system keeps interface in constant loca-tion outside disc stack for greater emulsion-breaking ability and bowl capacity. Discharge is oil-free. Note that actual separating capacity in centrifugal oil purification is roughly proportional to the cube of the interface radius. If the radius is increased from 6 to 9 inches, for example, this 50% in-crease in distance results in a 338% increase in separating efficiency! This illustrates the great benefit of keeping the interface as far as possible from the center line of the centrifuge.

DIRTY OIL FEED

If a conventional separator bowl is used for oil purifica-tion, oil and water layers are hydrostatically bal-anced. Oil layer is shallow, sharply reducing bowl capacity and limiting ability to break emulsions.

OIL AND WATER INTERFACE

DIRTY OIL FEED

CLARIFIED OIL

RECYCLE STREAM WATER

NO INTERFACE

NOZZLE DISCHARGE

OIL, WATER AND SOLIDS

If a clarifier bowl is used for oil purification, part of the oily sludge discharge is recycled through bowl and is continually bled off in concentrated form. Much oil is lost, and the oily sludge poses a disposal problem.

RECYCLE OIL AND EMULSION

CLARIFIED OIL

SEPARATED WATER

zs, .7.

i w/

f , dA 1

NOZZLE DISCHARGE i

\ k,‘ .

`

Eir WATER %

ANDIL,

SOLIDS

\\/ ......

FEED HOLES

Completely packaged Sharpies Gravitrol and Water-Wash sys-tems—such as the skid-mounted system shown here—are available engineered to individual requirements for maxi-mum performance, and supplied ready to operate.

TIC PURIFICATION OF LUBE OILS, FUEL OILS AND HEAVY INDUSTRIAL OILS

DISSOLVED SALTS EFFECTIVELY REMOVED BY SHARPLES WATER-WASH SYSTEM Another innovation—the Sharples Water-Wash Sys-tem—now provides a practical, efficient way to remove dissolved metallic salts, as well as solid contaminants and water, from oils. To all the advan-tages of the Gravitrol technique, this system adds controlled automatic washing to offer the ultimate in continuous purification of heavy oils. It enables utilities, for example, to use low-cost residual oils for diesel fuel, saving many thousands of dollars

oper year. The compact system fits easily into the

'cal diesel engine room, can be installed with I engines or added to existing facilities.




Sharples-Stokes Division PENNWALT CORPORATION 955 Mearns Road wnrmingtpr Pa 18974

Packaging — Processing



THE COMPLETE LINE OF SHARPLES ® HIGH-PERFORMANCE CENTRIFUGES

OF ALL TYPES FOR EVERY SEPARATION APPLICATION

SHARPLES SUPER-D-CANTER ® CENTRIFUGES ... for con-tinuous dewatering of crystalline materials and plastics; dewatering fibrous and amorphous materials; solids concen-tration and liquid clarification; wet classification.

SHARPLES NOZLJECTOR ®, AUTOJECTOR ® AND DD AND DF CENTRIFUGES . .. for continuous solids concentration and liquid clarification; separating immiscible liquids; wet classification. Solids discharged continuously or intermit-tently, or manually removed.

SHARPLES SUPER CENTRIFUGES ® . . . for solids concen-tration and liquid clarification; separating immiscible liquids; wet classification.

SHARPLES CONEJECTOR ® AND CAB (CONSTANT ANGLE BOWL) CENTRIFUGES . . . for continuous dewatering of crystalline materials and plastics; dewatering fibrous and amorphous materials.

SHARPLES MODEL CD CONTINUOUS D-HYDRATOR* CENTRIFUGES ... for continuous dewatering of crystalline materials and plastics; dewatering fibrous and amorphous materials.

SHARPLES SUPER D-HYDRATOR ® CENTRIFUGES . . . for automatic batch dewatering of crystalline materials and plastics.

SHARPLES FLETCHER ® CENTRIFUGES .. . for automatic batch dewatering of crystalline materials and plastics; de-watering fibrous and amorphous materials; solids concentra-tion and liquid clarification; wet classification.

CENTRIFUGAL PROCESS SYSTEM ENGINEERING Complete, custom-designed process systems incorporating centrifuges are designed and supplied by Sharpies System Engineering. Integrated engineering of such process systems assures highest possible ratio of performance to cost. Dis-cuss your requirements with Sharpies System Engineering at the earliest stage of planning for maximum benefit. *Trademark Pennwalt Corporation

Printed in U.S.A.

SOLID BOWL TYPE

DISC TYPE

TUBULAR BOWL TYPE

CONTINUOUS SCREENING TYPE

CONTINUOUS SCREENING "PUSHER" TYPE

CONSTANT SPEED HORIZONTAL BASKET TYPE

VARI-SPEED VERTICAL BASKET TYPE

Documents

PEMIWILT 1 i SHARPLES® Iiisalli a I in( %Ion Nruirm erwririlFr files/SHARPLES Nozlejector Type Centrifuges - General...Iiisalli a I in( %Ion Nruirm erwririlFr" for clarifying liquids,