Pearl Harbor

Plans for Pearl Harbor:

• Japan’s great concern was that the U.S. Pacific Fleet, based in Pearl Harbor

• To prevent response to expansion, Japan decides to cripple the Pacific Fleet by a surprise air attack

Japan’s Distraction:

• Japan placed in command Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto

• By November, Japan had negotiators negotiating peace with U.S. secretary Cordell Hall• Distract U.S. from Japan’s intentions, war

Admiral Yamamoto

December 7, 1941:

• At 6:00 a.m. on December 7th, the six Japanese carriers launched a first wave • Composed of torpedo bombers, dive bombers,

horizontal bombers, and fighters

• Radar stations in Hawaii located them but they were ignored (U.S. thought they were B-17 coming from the mainland)

What did Japan do to distract the United

States from what they were doing?

Negotiating for Peace

December 7, 1941:

December 7, 1941:

December 7, 1941:

Targets:

• The U.S.’s four aircraft carriers

• Battleship Row (Eight battleships)

• Airfields surrounding Pearl Harbor (Hickam, Ford Island, and Wheeler)

A Date Which will Live in Infamy:

• First wave of Japanese fighters arrive just before 8:00 am

• Achieve complete surprise

• Most American fighter planes are shot on the ground

A Date Which will Live in Infamy:

• At about 8:10 a.m., the USS Arizona was mortally wounded by an armor piercing bomb which ignited the ship's forward ammunition magazine• The resulting explosion and fire killed 1,177 crewmen,

the greatest loss of life on any ship that day and about half the total number of Americans killed

Battleship Row

USS Arizona Before:

USS Arizona After:

Attack on Pearl Harbor Video

What were the main targets of the attack on

Pearl Harbor?

Battleships, aircraft carriers, and the

airfields

Pearl Harbor

• Aircraft carriers were not in port so they were saved• This was critical to saving the U.S. war effort in the

Pacific at the beginning • Biggest loss for Japan during this Battle

Short-term Results:

• Damage for U.S.:• 7 of the 8 Battleships sunk

or damaged• 188 aircraft destroyed• 159 aircraft damaged• 2,403 lives lost

• Damage for Japan:• 29 planes lost

War Declared:

• In response, the United States declared war on Japan • Unified the country (Isolationists and

interventionists and different political parties) • In response, Germany and Italy declared war on the

U.S.

What was the biggest loss for Japan?

Not sinking the U.S. aircraft carriers

Intial Fighting in the Pacific Radio Broadcast

Let us take a look at the directions!