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Electric Mobility India Perspective
Anand Deshpande, Dy. Director ARAI, Pune
VECTOR INDIA CONFERENCE 2017 July 19, 2017 Pune
E-mobility-Solution for Future Transport…
No fossil fuel is required…
E-mobility is potential solution to reduce Air pollution.
Electric vehicles are clean and easy to use. Low maintenance
Electric motors are easy to control. Motors have high power-to- weight ratio.
Cleaner, quieter cars without performance changes.
Energy flexibility, Energy efficiency.
For electric cars, the ultimate fuel source is hydro, wind, nuclear, or any electricity source. Electricity can be generated from solar or wind-renewable sources.
Start/Stop
Conventional ICE
Start/Stop Start/Stop Start/Stop Start/Stop
Regenerative Braking
Regenerative Braking
Regenerative Braking
Regenerative Braking
Power Assist
Power Assist
Power Assist
Short Electrical Drive
Extended Electrical Drive
Plug in Capability
Electrical Assistance & Energy Mgt.
Conventional ICE
Downsized ICE Downsized ICE Downsized ICE
Electrical Drive Capability
Mild Hybrid
Full Hybrid
Plug in Hybrid
Micro Hybrid
Fully Electric
Plug in Capability
Regenerative Braking
NO ICE
Extended Electrical Drive
Classification based on Degree of Hybridization
EV- World Scenario
…….Volvo Cars To Focus On Electric Vehicles From 2019 Volvo will be concentrating only on electric vehicles and slowly phase out pure
internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. Between 2019 and 2021, Volvo will
launch five fully electric vehicles………
Renault & Qualcomm demonstrate dynamic wireless electric vehicle charging
……Tesla has set a goal to produce 500,000 electric cars per year in 2018 and a million in 2020. ……….
All new cars mandated to be electric
in Germany by 2030
France to ban sales of petrol and diesel cars by 2040
• Advances in Li-Ion batteries – 4X lighter, 3X increase in life and can be charged in an hour
• Advancements in electronics – increasing vehicle performance and lowering costs • “Power Grid” to “Smart Grid”
• New EV technology now lets your EV power your house
Recent Technology Advancements
Unveiling of NEMMP on – 9 Jan 2013
National Electric Mobility Mission Plan (NEMMP) 2020
Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric
(& Hybrid) Vehicles in India
FAME-India Scheme
FAME-India Scheme • Government of India approved the National Mission on
Electric Mobility in 2011
• National Electric Mobility Mission Plan 2020 was unveiled in 2013
• Objective: – To encourage reliable, affordable and efficient xEVs
– To make xEV vehicles available that meet consumer performance and price expectations
– Encouraging Government – Industry collaboration for promotion and development of indigenous manufacturing capabilities, required infrastructure, consumer awareness and technology;
– Making India to emerge as a leader in the xEV Two Wheeler and Four Wheeler market in the world by 2020
– To achieve total xEV sales of 6-7 million units by 2020
– Contributing towards National Fuel Security.
• FAME India Scheme is the pilot initiative for first two years under NMEM approved by Finance Minister and notified on 25th March 2015.
7
FAME India: Salient Features
• The scheme aims to encourage progressive induction of reliable, affordable and efficient electric and hybrid vehicles (xEV)
• Full range of electric vehicle technologies:
– Full hybrid (HEVs), Plug in Hybrids (PHEVs) and Pure Electric Vehicles (PEVs)
• All types of vehicles covered:
– 2 wheelers, 3 wheelers, 4 wheelers, Light Commercial Vehicles, Buses and also retro fitment vehicles
FAME India: Salient Features • This scheme is one of the main Green initiatives
of the Government. Till 2020 - – Cumulative fuel saving: about 9500 million litres – Value of fuel saved over Rs. 60000 crore) – Reduction of emission of GHG: About 2 million tonnes
• Reduction in Urban Vehicular Pollution
9
• The scheme has 4 focus areas:
• Technology development, •Demand creation, •Pilot projects, and •Charging infrastructure.
NITI Aayog Report - Approach to Mobility Transformation
Electric cars, buses and metros could help India save $60 billion in 2030:
Niti Aayog report
India could save up to Rs 3.9 lakh crore
($60 billion) in 2030, if the country switches
to greener mobility solutions such as public
transport, electric vehicles and car-pooling,
according to a report by government think
tank NITI Aayog.
Report says ,India could save 64% energy
in 2030 by shifting to shared electric
mobility. The subsequent drop in petrol and
diesel consumption would be 156 million
tonnes of oil equivalent (MTOE) or 1.8 tera
watt-hour energy -- enough to power
1,796.3 million homes in the country.
Also, by pursuing a future powered by
electric mobility, carbon dioxide
emissions would drop by 37% in 2030,
Electric Vehicles Standardization Activity In India
Regulation Framework for Electric Vehicles Under CMVR.
Regulations
For OEM
Electric vehicles
Hybrid Electric vehicles
Charging Stations
For Retro fitment
Standards for 2W, 3W, E-rickshaws, 4W and Buses.
In-use gasoline/diesel vehicles can be retro-fitted with electric kit to convert in pure electric vehicle. This way older fleet can be converted.
CMVR Certificati
on
EV/HEV
EV
AIS 038, 039, 040, 041, 049 HEV
AIS 102Part 1
AIS 102Part 2
Retro fitment
AIS 123 – Part 1 / Part
2/Part 3
AIS 138 Part 1 & 2
Charging Stations
Small Series/Pilot Production
AIS 131
Less than 250W EV
GSR 291(E)
E-rickshaw/
E-cart
GSR 709 (E) / GSR 2590(E)
Battery testing
AIS 048
Regulation Framework for Green Mobility (Electric Vehicles) Under Central Motor Vehicle Rules.
Formulation of Automotive Indian Standards (AIS) for Type Approval of- Battery Operated Vehicles (AIS 038, AIS 039, AIS 040, AIS 041, AIS 048, AIS
049)
Hybrid Vehicles (AIS 102 Part 1 and Part 2)
Retro-fitment Kit for conversion of in-use vehicles to Hybrid or Pure Electric. (AIS 123 Part 1, Part 2 and Part 3)
Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles introduced in market for Pilot / Demonstration Projects intended for Government Scheme (AIS 131)
Conductive Charging stations AC and DC (AIS 138 Part 1 and Part 2)
Amendment to CMVR for Less than 250W electric vehicles and E-rickshaw/E-carts
Standards for 2W, 3W, E-rickshaws, 4W and Buses.
AIS standards for Electric Vehicles
AIS 038 Rev 1 :Requirements for Construction and Functional Safety of vehicle
AIS 039 Rev 1: Measurement of Electrical Energy Consumption (Wh/km)
AIS 040 Rev 1: Method of Measuring the Range (km)
AIS 041 Rev 1: Measurement of Net Power & Maximum 30 minute power
AIS 049 Rev 1: CMVR Type Approval for BOV AIS 048: Performance and Abuse Testing for Traction
Batteries
Notified vide S.O.1365(E), dated the 13th December, 2004 and Rev 1 Notified vide S.O.411(E) Dated 9th February, 2016
AIS-131 :2015
Type Approval Procedure for Electric
and Hybrid Electric Vehicles introduced
in market for Pilot / Demonstration
Projects intended for Government
Scheme
For categories L, M and N, introduced in market for Pilot/
Demonstration projects intended for Government Scheme.
AIS standards for Hybrid vehicles
AIS 102 (Part 1) for M, N & L category of vehicles with GVW < 3500 kg
AIS 102 (Part 2) for M and N category of vehicles with GVW> 3500 kg
AIS 102 Part 1 and Part 2 are Notified From 1st Oct 2012
19
Hybrid Standards covers all Types 1. Series Hybrid
2. Parallel Hybrid
3. Range Extended hybrid
4. Plug In Hybrid
5. Strong Hybrid
Automotive Indian Standards (AIS)
for Retro fitment kits
1. AIS 123-Part 1: CMVR Type Approval of Hybrid Electric System
Intended for Retro-fitment on Vehicles of M & N Category having GVW
<= 3500kg
Scope: This standard lays down the requirements specific to vehicles
retrofitted with hybrid electric system (HES) of M1,M2 and N1 category of
vehicles.
2. AIS 123-Part 2 CMVR Type Approval of Vehicles Retrofitted with
Hybrid Electric System
Scope: This standard lays down the requirements specific to Hybrid Electric
System (HES) intended for retro-fitment on vehicles of M and N category
having GVW >3500 kg.
3. AIS 123-Part 3 CMVR Type Approval of Electric Propulsion kit
Intended for Conversion of Vehicles for Pure Electric Operation
Scope: This standard lays down the requirements specific to Electric
Propulsion kit intended for conversion of vehicles of L5, M, N1 and N2
category for pure electric operation, which
Public charging infrastructure is key element in
acceptance of electric vehicles by users.
Hence regulations are formulated for charging stations and its safety. Regulation covers AC and DC slow and Fast charging methods. AIS 138 Part 1: For AC Conductive charging
AIS 138 Part 2: For DC Conductive Charging
Traction Battery Packs
Regulations for Traction Battery AIS 048
AIS 048:Performance and Abuse Testing for Traction Batteries- Notified for implementation from October 2013
Mechanical Abuse Test
• Mechanical Shock Test
• Vibration test
• Penetration Test
• Roll-over Test
Electrical Abuse Test
• Short Circuit Test
• Over-charge Test
Reference Standard : USABC, IS 13514
Challenges For Establishing EV Mobility In India
• Are we shifting pollution sources from urban to power plant? • Infrastructure for support? • Is EV affordable?
– Initial cost – Life cycle cost – Need to have special promotional policies
• Is EV acceptable? – Does meet consumer demands? – Features compared to ICE? – “Zero fuelling time”? – Cost sensitivity
• Adaptation • Availability • Indigenous solutions
Can EVs be a solution for India? Challenges
Battery Emulator, 100kW,
160 kW, 250 kW
Cell Level Lithium Ion Battery Test System
Pack Level Lithium Ion Battery Test
System
Environmental Chamber To Test
Lithium-ion Cells Of Traction Battery
ARAI is ready to support Industry for certification and
Development Testing of E-mobility.
E-motor Test Bed 150kW
and 250 kW
IP Test
iTEC is aimed at helping the industry transition from conventional vehicles to advanced electrified vehicles.
iTEC is a joint Conference organized by SAE & IEEE Industry Applications Society
International Transportation Electrification Conference
Electric Vehicle Ecosystem – Resetting The Future of Mobility
Will be held in Pune, on December 13th to 15th
2017
Venue Hotel The Westin, Pune
iTEC FOCUS
http://www.itecindia-conf.com/
Deadline for submission of digest 1-Jun-17
Notification of acceptance 1-Aug-17
Deadline for final manuscript submission 1-Oct-17
Deadline for early Registration 15-Oct-17
Important Dates
31-July-17
Organised by ARAI in association with SAE & IEEE
100+ papers
Keynotes
Panel discussion
Exposition – 40+ stalls
Ride and drive
Thank You
Go Green before Green Goes !!!