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PC Maintenance: Preparing for A+ Certification. Chapter 16: Monitors. Chapter 16 Objectives. Identify types of monitors Explain how CRTs and LCDs work Describe measurements of monitor quality Configure multiple monitors in Windows Adjust refresh rate in Windows - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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PC Maintenance: PC Maintenance: Preparing for A+ Preparing for A+
CertificationCertificationChapter 16: MonitorsChapter 16: Monitors
Chapter 16 ObjectivesChapter 16 Objectives
Identify types of monitorsIdentify types of monitors Explain how CRTs and LCDs workExplain how CRTs and LCDs work Describe measurements of monitor qualityDescribe measurements of monitor quality Configure multiple monitors in WindowsConfigure multiple monitors in Windows Adjust refresh rate in WindowsAdjust refresh rate in Windows Adjust a monitor using its onscreen Adjust a monitor using its onscreen
controlscontrols
Types of MonitorsTypes of Monitors
CRTCRT Shadow MaskShadow Mask Aperture GrilleAperture Grille Slot MaskSlot Mask
LCDLCD Passive MatrixPassive Matrix Active MatrixActive Matrix TFTTFT
How CRTs WorkHow CRTs Work
Electron gun makes phosphors glowElectron gun makes phosphors glow Phosphors must be continually refreshedPhosphors must be continually refreshed
TriadsTriads
A set of red, green, and blue dotsA set of red, green, and blue dots Separate electron guns for each colorSeparate electron guns for each color
Dot PitchDot Pitch
Measurement of monitor qualityMeasurement of monitor quality Distance between two phosphors of the Distance between two phosphors of the
same color in adjacent triadssame color in adjacent triads
Shadow MaskShadow Mask
Screen that keeps the electron beams Screen that keeps the electron beams aligned to focus on the correct phosphorsaligned to focus on the correct phosphors
Liquid Crystal Diode (LCD)Liquid Crystal Diode (LCD)
Two polarized filters with liquid crystal Two polarized filters with liquid crystal between thembetween them
Light must pass through all three items to Light must pass through all three items to make it to the displaymake it to the display
How LCDs WorkHow LCDs Work
One filter is at an angle so by default light One filter is at an angle so by default light cannot pass through itcannot pass through it
How LCDs WorkHow LCDs Work
When electricity is applied to the crystal, it When electricity is applied to the crystal, it twiststwists
Light refracts through twisted crystal and Light refracts through twisted crystal and passes through second filterpasses through second filter
Color LCDColor LCD
Additional filter splits the light into separate Additional filter splits the light into separate cells for red, green, and bluecells for red, green, and blue
No need for a mask (no electrons)No need for a mask (no electrons)
Passive MatrixPassive Matrix
One transistor for each row and each One transistor for each row and each column in the displaycolumn in the display
Double-Scan Passive MatrixDouble-Scan Passive Matrix
Extra row of transistors Extra row of transistors
Active MatrixActive Matrix
One transistor for each pixel at the One transistor for each pixel at the maximum resolutionmaximum resolution
Thin Film Transistor (TFT)Thin Film Transistor (TFT)
Multiple transistors per pixelMultiple transistors per pixel Found on all modern LCD screensFound on all modern LCD screens
Measurements of Monitor QualityMeasurements of Monitor Quality
Maximum ResolutionMaximum Resolution Dot PitchDot Pitch Viewable Image SizeViewable Image Size Maximum Refresh Rate (at a certain Maximum Refresh Rate (at a certain
resolution)resolution) Adjustment capabilitiesAdjustment capabilities Interface (VGA, DV-I, BNC)Interface (VGA, DV-I, BNC)
Connecting Multiple MonitorsConnecting Multiple Monitors
Two video cards, or single card with Two video cards, or single card with multiple outputsmultiple outputs
Windows should recognize both video Windows should recognize both video cardscards
Display Properties show the multiple Display Properties show the multiple monitors in Windowsmonitors in Windows
Configuring Multiple Monitors in Configuring Multiple Monitors in WindowsWindows
Choose to extend Choose to extend desktop onto desktop onto secondary monitor secondary monitor if desiredif desired
Otherwise both Otherwise both monitors will show monitors will show same imagesame image
Installing a Monitor DriverInstalling a Monitor Driver
Not really a driver: INF file onlyNot really a driver: INF file only Tells Windows maximum refresh rate and Tells Windows maximum refresh rate and
resolution of monitorresolution of monitor Install from Device Manager or with Install from Device Manager or with
Add/Remove Hardware WizardAdd/Remove Hardware Wizard
Refresh RateRefresh Rate
Important to have monitor correctly Important to have monitor correctly identified in Windows firstidentified in Windows first Too-high setting can damage monitorToo-high setting can damage monitor Windows hides resolutions not supported by Windows hides resolutions not supported by
monitor (monitor (as identifiedas identified)) Use Optimal setting if availableUse Optimal setting if available If not, use any setting 85hz or aboveIf not, use any setting 85hz or above Higher setting means less flickerHigher setting means less flicker
Set the Refresh RateSet the Refresh Rate
From Display From Display Properties, find Properties, find screen refresh rate screen refresh rate setting for monitorsetting for monitor
Windows 2000/XP:Windows 2000/XP: Settings tab, Settings tab, Advanced button, Advanced button, Monitor tabMonitor tab
Set the Refresh RateSet the Refresh Rate
Windows 9x/Me:Windows 9x/Me: Settings tab, Settings tab, Advanced button, Advanced button, Adapter tabAdapter tab
Adjusting a MonitorAdjusting a Monitor
On-screen controls provided in monitor On-screen controls provided in monitor itselfitself
No relationship to PC or operating systemNo relationship to PC or operating system
Adjusting a MonitorAdjusting a Monitor
Brightness:Brightness: light in the display light in the display Contrast:Contrast: difference between light and dark difference between light and dark Geometry:Geometry: tilt and shape of picture onscreen tilt and shape of picture onscreen Size:Size: overall taller or shorter, wider or overall taller or shorter, wider or
narrowernarrower Centering:Centering: picture’s position within monitor picture’s position within monitor Convergence:Convergence: relationship of red, green, blue relationship of red, green, blue
phosphors in the triads to one anotherphosphors in the triads to one another Color:Color: overall tint and saturation of picture overall tint and saturation of picture
Servicing a CRT MonitorServicing a CRT Monitor
Not usually done by regular PC Not usually done by regular PC technicianstechnicians
Risk of electrocution, 30,000 voltsRisk of electrocution, 30,000 volts High-voltage capacitor retains charge for High-voltage capacitor retains charge for
many months after unpluggedmany months after unplugged Before working on a monitor, technician Before working on a monitor, technician
must discharge the capacitormust discharge the capacitor