PC Maintenance: PC Maintenance: Preparing for A+ Preparing for A+

CertificationCertificationChapter 29: Managing FilesChapter 29: Managing Files

Chapter 29 ObjectivesChapter 29 Objectives

Understand and identify file systemsUnderstand and identify file systems Manage files under WindowsManage files under Windows Display and close a command promptDisplay and close a command prompt Manage files via command promptManage files via command prompt

File SystemFile System

A logical method of storing on a diskA logical method of storing on a disk Determines what identifiers mark the Determines what identifiers mark the

beginning and end of a filebeginning and end of a file Determines what information will be stored Determines what information will be stored

about the fileabout the file

How File Systems Store DataHow File Systems Store Data

How File Systems Store DataHow File Systems Store Data

File Systems on DOS and File Systems on DOS and Windows PCsWindows PCs

FAT (FAT16)FAT (FAT16) 16-bit file system16-bit file system Up to 2 GB of data per logical driveUp to 2 GB of data per logical drive

FAT32FAT32 32-bit file system32-bit file system Otherwise fairly similar to FAT16Otherwise fairly similar to FAT16

FAT12FAT12 File system used on floppy disksFile system used on floppy disks Each 512-byte sector is its own clusterEach 512-byte sector is its own cluster

File Systems on DOS and File Systems on DOS and Windows PCsWindows PCs

NTFS 4NTFS 4 32-bit file system32-bit file system Used only in Windows NT 4Used only in Windows NT 4 Predates FAT32Predates FAT32 Ability to create a spanned diskAbility to create a spanned disk

NTFS 5NTFS 5 Updated NTFS for Windows 2000/XPUpdated NTFS for Windows 2000/XP File encryption, disk quotas, dynamic disksFile encryption, disk quotas, dynamic disks

File Systems on DOS and File Systems on DOS and Windows PCsWindows PCs

CDFSCDFS CD file system, used on CDsCD file system, used on CDs

HPFSHPFS High Performance File SystemHigh Performance File System Native file system for OS/2Native file system for OS/2

Using Windows File ManagementUsing Windows File Management

File Management Skills to MasterFile Management Skills to Master

SelectSelect CopyCopy MoveMove DeleteDelete RenameRename View/change propertiesView/change properties Create/delete foldersCreate/delete folders Work with Recycle BinWork with Recycle Bin

File AttributesFile Attributes

NTFS File AttributesNTFS File Attributes

CompressionCompression EncryptionEncryption On NTFS On NTFS

volumes onlyvolumes only Encryption Encryption

available in available in NTFS 5 onlyNTFS 5 only

Troubleshooting File ErrorsTroubleshooting File Errors

General failure reading drive XGeneral failure reading drive X Disk is not formattedDisk is not formatted Disk has gone badDisk has gone bad Drive is inaccessibleDrive is inaccessible Possible virus infectionPossible virus infection Possible physical problemPossible physical problem

Troubleshooting File ErrorsTroubleshooting File Errors

Data error reading (or writing) drive xData error reading (or writing) drive x Physically bad spot on the diskPhysically bad spot on the disk Wrong drive type in BIOS setupWrong drive type in BIOS setup

Access deniedAccess denied Permission setting preventing file modificationPermission setting preventing file modification Disk is write-protectedDisk is write-protected

Insufficient disk spaceInsufficient disk space Disk is fullDisk is full Directory is fullDirectory is full

Backing Up and Restoring FilesBacking Up and Restoring Files

Copy files to another drive manuallyCopy files to another drive manually Hard driveHard drive CDCD TapeTape

Copy an entire driveCopy an entire drive Ghosting Ghosting

Backup application (ex. Microsoft Backup)Backup application (ex. Microsoft Backup)

Microsoft BackupMicrosoft Backup

Different versions of Windows have different Different versions of Windows have different versions of Backupversions of Backup

Working with a Command Working with a Command PromptPrompt

Getting to the prompt:Getting to the prompt: Boot from a Windows 9x startup floppyBoot from a Windows 9x startup floppy Start/Run, Command in 9xStart/Run, Command in 9x Start/Run, Cmd in 2000/XPStart/Run, Cmd in 2000/XP

Exiting the promptExiting the prompt Close the windowClose the window Type EXIT and press EnterType EXIT and press Enter

Changing Drives and DirectoriesChanging Drives and Directories

Directory = FolderDirectory = Folder Change drive: Type drive letter and a Change drive: Type drive letter and a

coloncolon Example: C:Example: C:

Change directory: CD and the directory Change directory: CD and the directory namename Example: CD \WINDOWSExample: CD \WINDOWS

Command Syntax HelpCommand Syntax Help

Add the /? switch to a command to see its Add the /? switch to a command to see its syntaxsyntax

Understanding WildcardsUnderstanding Wildcards

? for single character? for single character * for any number of characters* for any number of characters

File specFile spec IncludesIncludes But does not includeBut does not include

A*.DOCA*.DOC Amy.doc, Amherst.doc, Amy.doc, Amherst.doc, A.docA.doc

Amy.txt, Betty.doc, Amy.txt, Betty.doc, Amherst.grpAmherst.grp

A???.DOCA???.DOC Ants.doc, Army.doc, Ants.doc, Army.doc, Also.docAlso.doc

Amy.doc, Amherst.doc, Amy.doc, Amherst.doc, Alls.txtAlls.txt

??D.*??D.* And.txt, And.doc, And.txt, And.doc, Atd.xlsAtd.xls

All.txt, Anderson.docAll.txt, Anderson.doc

*.*. And, Book, CheersAnd, Book, Cheers And.doc, Book.txt, And.doc, Book.txt, Cheers.xlsCheers.xls

Viewing Multiple PagesViewing Multiple Pages

/p switch for DIR command /p switch for DIR command | MORE for most commands| MORE for most commands | is the pipe symbol (redirector)| is the pipe symbol (redirector)

Common CommandsCommon Commands

DELDEL DELTREEDELTREE MDMD RDRD SETVERSETVER

COPYCOPY XCOPYXCOPY MEMMEM PROMPTPROMPT