Parth Pol Science

8/18/2019 Parth Pol Science

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DiplomacySLIDE 21

Diplomacy is a basic means by which a nation seeks to securethe goals o f its n ational interest . Foreign policy always travels o nthe shoulders of diplomacy and gets operationalized in otherstates.

The term Diplomacy is used in many ways. Sometimes it isdescribed as the art of telling lies on behalf of the nation or asinstrument for employing deceit a nd duplicity in internationalrelations.

It can be said that, Diplomacy is the mechanism for thepromotion of national interest of the nation that i t represents. Itis done by means of negotiations and conduct of relations withother nations. Diplomacy is always gu ided and conditioned by theforeign policy of the n ation that it represents.



ObjectivesSLIDE 22

(1) Political Objectives of Diplomacy:

Diplomacy always works to secure the goals of national interestas d ened by the foreign policy. It always works for i ncreasing theinuence of the state over other states. It u ses persuasion,promises of rewards and other such means for this purpose.

Through rational negotiatinsthe foreign policy of the nation. It seek s to promote friendshipand cooperation with other nations.

(2) Non-political Objectives of Diplomacy:

The interdependence among nations is the most important d valuable fact of int

others for economic and industrial links and trade. Diplomacyalways seeks to promote the economic, commercial and culturallinks of the nation with other nations. Diplomacy depends u pon



peaceful means, persuasive methods for promoting the interestsof the nation and this is indeed an important non-politicalobjective o f Diplomacy

Devices of diplomacySLIDE 23

(i) Persuasion:

Through logical reasoning, Dipmacy the justication of the goals which it is trying to uphold orpromote.

(ii) Rewards:

Diplomacy can offer rewards for securing acceptance of desired view of a particula

(iii) Promise of Reward and Concessions:

Diplomacy can promise matching rewards and concessions forsecuring a particular change or m aintaining a particular view inthe policies of other n ations.



(iv) Threat of use o f Force:

Diplomacy can not use force or violence in promoting the nationalinterest. However, it can use t hreat of use of force—ultimatums,symbolic b oycotts, protest walkouts o r even threat of war e tc., forsecuring its objectives.

(v) Non-violent Punishment:

By depriving a promised reward or concession, Diplomacy caninict non-violent punishment on other nations.

(vi) Use of Pressure:

By using pressure tactics Diplomacy can force other n ations toaccept the desired view or policy or decision or goals that itrepresents. Besides these, Diplomacy also uses propaganda,cultural links, ex ploitation of si tuations, crea tion of p articularscenes and situations, rigidity or exibility in negotiations et c



Changes in DiplomacySLIDE 24

The old form of diplomacy played an important role countries m ainly between Europeans in the 18th, 19th, and 20thcentury. It was con ducted by skilled people from the rich housesand they famously used secrecy in the conduct of their



negotiations, the Diplomats were regarded as the darkest of allofficials of the states because they could run any situation totheir own interest without being caught, also most of their work

was behind closed doors negotiatcould affect their n ational security. However, they had the greencard to use an y method that could have been benecial to theircountry.

But there was new type of diplomacy mentioned by President Wilson to describe the new si

the First World War a nd the creation of the League of Nations.Moreover, the world changed a lot after World War O ne with it theInternational Relations, the practice entered a new era and sawthe creation of the league of nation council, an organisation

where diplomats from all countrithat time openly and in front of all other r epresentatives u nderone big ceiling. It was the rst sign of the open negotiations a ndthe multilateral Diplomacy. Many Diplomats met to discussissues that concerned the whole world. New technologies werealso used for t he interest of states as leaders t ravelled by planesacross oceans to meet other leaders, wherever the meeting washeld, therefore, the distance between capitals was not an issueany more. The New Diplomacy became more opened to the publicand accessible through the media available.

The diplomacy became more open after the Second World Warand the public got involved more with practice especially inconicts that led or were leading to war. Mass Media Worldwideissued goodwill messages b etween states an d were easy t hing an d



were read in seconds. As well ediinto public debates and then either p ositive or negative publicreactions a re they could be seen on the other continent at same

time. The world is getting smaller an d the technology is affectingthe world politics strongly and the Diplomacy is also evolving.Nowadays politicians t ake decisions on international matters a ndthen diplomats try to explain them to other p arties in order tosolve the problem or negotiate for the common grounds.

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