At the end of the Medieval period art moved from this to this
Giottos Meeting at the Golden Gate
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it soon spread to Venice and Rome FLORENCE VENICE ROME
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Gaul Killing Himself and His Wife Roman copy of a 3rd century
BC statue, Pergamum Museo Nazionale, Rome Bust of Cicero, marble,
Museo Capitolino, Rome
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Roman Aqueduct The Pantheon, 125 AD, Rome
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The Parthenon Comparison of Greek Columns: Doric, Ionic and
Corinthian
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Laocoon and his Sons, 42-20 B.C., white marble, Vatican Museum
Roman reproduction of Myrons Discobolus, 2 nd Century CE,
Glptothek, Munich
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Leonardo, Interior of a Skull, from his notebooks
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More of Leonardos anatomical studies from his notebooks
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Sebastian Munsters map of the new world, c. 1571
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More anatomical studies from Leonardos notebooks
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Nicholas Copernicus A telescope similar to Galileos
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Galileo Galilei facing the Roman Inquisition, Cristiano Banti,
1857 In his Dialogue on the Two Chief World Systems, Galileo
supports the Copernican theory that the earth is not the center of
the universe, but rather one of several planets revolving around
the sun
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Martin Luther nails his 95 Theses to the door of Wittenburg
Cathedral protesting corruption in the Catholic Church and sparking
the Reformation.
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Leonardos Vitruvian Man
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What did this new focus on humanity mean for artists? It meant
a new confidence in artists, who emerged from the medieval guilds
to become stars in their own rights. Durer Giorgione Rembrandt
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It meant new subject matter, as the newly emerged merchant
classes looked for public displays of their power, Indeed, patrons
like the very wealthy Medici family in Florence attracted artists,
poets, philosophers, musicians and architects to their court,
creating a cultural perfect storm. In this climate, an artist could
develop new ideas very quickly. Verocchio, Portrait Bust of Lorenzo
de Medici, tereacotta Medici Palace, by Bartolomeo
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In Italy Greek and Roman art, architecture and knowledge were
rediscovered after being lost during the Middle Ages. Augustus of
Primaporta, early 1 st century CE, marble
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Gaul Killing Himself and His Wife Roman copy of a 3rd century
BC statue, Pergamum Museo Nazionale, Rome Bust of Cicero, marble,
Museo Capitolino, Rome
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Roman Aqueduct The Pantheon, 125 AD, Rome
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The Parthenon Comparison of Greek Columns: Doric, Ionic and
Corinthian
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As well, the newly re-discovered classical mythology gave them
new stories to interpret and use symbolically Jupiter (as an
Artist), Mercury and Virtue, by Dosso Dossi, 1524
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Leonardo, The Last Supper, 1452 1519, oil/tempera emulsion on
plaster, Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan
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Masolino, St. Peter Healing a Cripple and the Raising of
Tabitha,1425. Piero della Francesca, View of an Ideal City",
1470
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Caravaggio, Supper at Emmaus, 1681, oil on canvas, National
Gallery, London CHIAROSCURO: (key-arrow- SKEWR-o) is a technique
for modeling forms in painting using light and dark and having
lighter parts seem to emerge from lighter areas it gives the
illusion of rounded, sculptural relief on a flat surface.
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Rembrandt van Rjin, The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicholaes Tulp,
1632, oil on canvas, Mauritshuis, the Hague
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Caravaggio. St. Jerome. c.1605. Oil on canvas. Galleria
Borghese, Rome, Italy
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Caravaggio, Judith Beheading Holofernes oil on canvas (145 195
cm) ca. 1599, Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica, Rome
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Raphaels use of geometric composition is clearly evident in his
Shool of Athens, 1509-1510, Vatican City