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Part I: 16.4 Allied Victory in Europe . Ms. Bielefeld Spring 2012. Tide Turns on Two Fronts. Russians want Allies to open a 2 nd front in France, but they strike first in North Africa North African Campaign General Bernard Montgomery—will take control of British troops - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Part I: 16.4 Allied Victory
in Europe Ms. BielefeldSpring 2012
Tide Turns on Two Fronts
Russians want Allies to open a 2nd front in France, but they strike first in North Africa
North African Campaign General Bernard Montgomery—will take control of
British troops Fighting against Rommel in the Battle of El Alamein Rommel’s army will fall back Operation Torch—led by General Eisenhower, will
catch Rommel while he is fleeing from Montgomery Rommel will be crushed for good
Battle of Stalingrad (August 23, 1942)
Hitler sends army in to capture Stalingrad Luftwaffe will night bomb the city Russians trap Germans within the city
& cut off supplies In February, German troops surrender
to Soviets Germans were on the defensive &
being pushed back (turning point!)
Invasion of Italy (July 10, 1943)
Roosevelt & Churchill Choose to invade Italy Allied forces took Southern Italy Germans seized Northern Italy Fighting continues until Germany fell in May 1945 Mussolini found in back of a truck disguised as a
German soldier Shot him the next day & hung his body in downtown
Milan for all to see
This official Coast Guard photo, taken at Salerno, is the first picture of an LST (Landing Ship, Tanks) in the process of unloading to be released. Like giant monsters, they swing open their great jaws and belch out tanks and motorized equipment after Coast Guard and Navy crews drive them right onto the enemy beach.
The Allied Home Front
WWII became total war Mobilizing for War
American factories were converted to make war supplies
17-19 million Americans, many of them women, became workers in these factories
Shortage of consumer goods rationing Propaganda used gain support
War Limits Civil Rights
Prejudice becomes a problem February 19, 1942—Executive Order
9066 Japanese-Americans sent to internment
camps in the middle of the U.S. Suspected of being spies, but none were
convicted 2/3 were Nisei, native-born American
citizens Many volunteered for military service
Kicked out of their homes
Put on trains…
Taken to camps
Held in behind barbed-
wire
Does this sound familiar?
Victory in Europe: D-Day
D-Day or Operation Overlord: June 6, 1944 The invasion of Normandy, France Largest land and sea attack in history landed on
Omaha Beach Heavy casualties July 25—Allies broke through German defenses &
led by General Patton, were able to take Paris Will eventually liberate France, Belgium,
Luxembourg
Victory in Europe: The Battle of the
Bulge Hitler’s plan to split American & British armies & break up Allied supply line
December 16, 1944—German tanks broke through American defenses in the Ardennes
Allies caught off guard & during the coldest winter on record
Allies eventually pushed Germans back
Germany’s Unconditional
Surrender March 1945—Allies cross into Germany
April 12, 1945—FDR dies; Harry Truman takes over as President
April 25, 1945—Soviets surrounded Berlin
April 29, 1945—Hitler married Eva Braun
April 30, 1945—Hitler and Eva kill themselves & were cremated
May 7, 1945—Gen. Eisenhower accepts the unconditional surrender of the Third Reich;
May 9, 1945—V-E Day: Surrender officially signed in Berlin